Java is great programming language for the development of enterprise grade applications.

This programming Language is evolved from a language named Oak. Oak was developed in
the early nineties at Sun Microsystems as a platform-independent language aimed at allowing
entertainment appliances such as video game consoles and VCRs to communicate . Oak was
first slated to appear in television set-top boxes designed to provide video-on-demand
services. Oak was unsuccessful so in 1995 Sun changed the name to Java and modified the
language to take advantage of the burgeoning World Wide Web.
Java is an object-oriented language, and this is very similar to C++. Java Programming
Language is simplified to eliminate language features that cause common programming errors.
Java source code files are compiled into a format called bytecode, which can then be executed
by a Java interpreter.

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# Block the intruders as Java is least prone to viruses being
strictly a typed language.
# Be International and go global with java as it is highly
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# Be a real life programmer with java as it is Object
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Embedded applications used in automated systems,
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Java initially requires a lot of efforts to learn and master . Here
at RoseIndia.Net, we have developed hundreds of tutorials,
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We have tried to put supporting examples related to each Java
technology that will help you master the concepts. These tutorials
and examples are arranged in a sequence, so that you can learn
Java step by step and master the Java and JEE technologies.

Nut-Bolts of Java:

a) Java SE - Java SE ( Java Standard Edition ) provides tools

and API's to create diverse applications. Applications
developed with Java SE are supported by every operating
system, including Linux, Macintosh, Solaris, and Windows.

b) Java EE - Java Enterprise Edition specifications based on the

foundation framework of the standard edition. Java Enterprise
Edition are the specifications needed to service the multi-tiered
environment, to support the enterprise class service oriented
architecture (SOA) and a lot...............
 c) Java ME - Java Micro Edition is an accumulation of Java
APIs used to develop micro-devices applications like mobile
phones, PDAs, TV set-top boxes, game programming. The
platform of micro edition generally consists of an easy user
interface, a robust security model and a wide variety of built-in
networks for running Java based application.

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An object is the combination of related states and behavior in which variables are just like
states and the methods are just like behaviors (providing some functionality). In an object,
variables store values for later use and methods are the unit of codes that provides a particular
functionality. We can say objects are the basic units of the object-oriented programming.
Objects are the part of our day to day life, these are the real world entities around us.
Technology, records, human beings, and even the implemented concepts all are the examples
of objects. For instance, A CEO of any company can take a view of his company's policies,
employees, buildings, records, and beneficial packages as the objects. Similarly a software
developer does analysis, designing, coding, testing and also looks for the future scope of that
project as objects. Even a toy is an object for a child.
Real-world objects share two characteristics: They all have state and behavior.

For instance Lions have state (name, color, breed, hungry) and behavior (roaring, fetching
etc). Cars also have state (current gear, current speed) and behavior (changing gear, changing
speed, applying brakes). Identifying the state and behavior for real-world objects is a great
way to begin thinking in terms of object-oriented programming. Objects are key to
understanding object-oriented programming. Just look around and you'll find a lot of examples
of real-world objects: cat, desk, television set, car, pen etc.
Here is an additional information about Objects that we can create multiple objects in any
single java application to perform many task like implementing a GUI, any operation on
information and many more.
Car myCar = new Car();

If we consider above example of car then if we need to create a new car, we have to make a
new instance or an object by using the new keyword. The constructor is responsible for setting
up the initial state of an object. Instead of declaring an object, a constructor is called
automatically when the new keyword is used.
 A simple example of constructing an object is given below:
Here is the Code of the Example :
Classtest.java
import java.lang.*;

public class Vehicle{

public static void main(String args[])

{
Car myCar = new Car();

myCar.display();

class Car{

public void display(){

System.out.println("\nIt's a example of car");

Here is the Output of the Example :

C:\roseindia>javac Vehicle.java

C:\roseindia>java Vehicle

It's a example of car

Nested Classes

Here is another advantage of the Java, an object-oriented programming language that allows
us to define a class within another class, such classes are known as nested classes. Inner
classes can be either named or anonymous. We'll discuss about anonymous classes later in this
section. A named inner class looks just like any other class, except that it is nested inside
another class. ( It can even contain further levels of nested classes, but you shouldn't carry
these things too far ).
Like the members of a class, a named inner class can be either static or non-static. A static
nested class is part of the static structure of the containing class. It can be used inside a class
that is used to create objects in the usual way. If it has not been declared private, then it can
also be used outside the containing class, but when it is used outside the class, its name must
indicate its membership in the containing class. This is similar to other static components of a
class: A static nested class is part of the class itself in the same way as static member variables
are the part of the class itself.
A simple nested class example is given below:
class OuterClass {
...expression...
class NestedClass {
...expression...
}
}
A static nested class has full access to the members of the containing class, even to the private
members. This can be another motivation for declaring a nested class, since it lets a class to
gain access to the private members of another class without making those members generally
available to other classes.
There are two categories of nested classes, which are as under:
i) Static classes
ii) Inner classes (Non-static)
Static Nested Classes
A nested class that is declared static is called a static nested class. Memory to the objects of
any static nested classes are allocated independently of any particular outer class object. A
static nested class use the instance variables or methods defined in its enclosing class only
through an object reference. A static nested class interacts with the instance members of its
outer class or any other class just like a top-level class.
Given below is the syntax of the Static nested class that defines static nested class having
keyword static in the outer class.
class OuterClass {
....
static class
StaticNestedClass {
....
}
class InnerClass {
.... }
}
Static nested classes can be accessed by using the enclosing class name:
OuterClass.StaticNestedClass
If we want to make an object of the static nested class then we have to write down the
following code:

OuterClass.StaticNestedClass nestedObject = new

OuterClass.StaticNestedClass();
 Here is an example of the Static nested class that processes of accessing the instance of the
outer class inside the inner class. The example creates an "Outer" class with an instance x of
value 100 and after that we call this value in inner class method check. Apart from that the
example also creates another function check and call the inner class check() method inside it.
When the example calls the check() with Outer class, it shows the value of Outer class
instance x.
Here is the code of the Example :
Outer.java
import java.lang.*;

public class Outer{

int x = 100;

class Inner{

int x = 200;

public void check(){

System.out.println("Value of x is: "+ Outer.this.x );

public void check(){

new Inner().check();

public static void main(String args[]){

new Outer().check();

Here is the output of the Example :

C:\roseindia>javac
Outer.java

C:\roseindia>java Outer
Value of x is: 100
 Inner Nested Classes
Non-static nested classes are slightly different from static nested classes, a non-static nested
class is actually associated to an object rather than to the class in which it is nested.
Any member of the inner nested class is not a part of its outer class while its source code is in
the class definition. Non-static members of a class specify the requirements of objects created
from that class. Every object has a copy of the nested class that belongs to the outer class. The
same copy should access all the methods and instance variables of that object.
Methods and variables of an inner class can be access directly by the object of outer class. The
figure given below illustrates it logically.
Lets try to explain the concept of inner nested class with the help of an example. There is an
inner class company exists within an outer class Info. The class Info is to be referred as non-
static nested class. The class Info invokes the method of the class Company with the help of
the object of the class Company.
Here is the code of the Example :
Info.java
import java.lang.*;

public class Info{

static String compName="Rose India";

public static class Company{

int time=10;

void showinfo(){

System.out.println("Our Company Name : "+compName);

System.out.println("The time of the company : "+time);

public static void main(String[] args){

Info.Company object = new Info.Company();

object.showinfo();

Here is the output of the Example :

C:\roseindia>javac
Info.java
C:\roseindia>java Info
Our Company Name : Rose
India
The time of the company :
10