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Initial Public Offering (IPO) is a companys offering of newly issued shares from
treasury to general public .it is generally the first time that a company does so-making the transition
from being a closed door privately operated company to being a public traded, highly visible,
entity. When doing an IPO, an under writer ,i.e. a share broker firm, handles the distribution of
shares to the public effectively, the brokerage firm subscribers(underwriters) for the shares and then
sell to the clients(investors).After the IPO the shares will then trade on a stock exchange, it is
sometimes refereed to as going to the public.enterpreneurs and VCs(venture or vulture capalists
sometimes call it cash in up until a company is public(i.e. any one can buy or sell its shares) ,it is
private and operates away from the lime light. Companies often go to public to raise huge amount of
money or to give up investors liquidity.
An initial public offering is the point at which a company ceases to be privately held and
becomes publicly held and IPO requires that a company become listed on a stock exchange, and that
its shares become publicity traded. Going public places very stringent reporting requirements on the
company and the sale of shares brings in new investment monies that the company can then use to
grow.
An "initial public offering" is a company's first sale of stock to the public. This is why it is also
referred to as "going public". When a company that has already issued stock issues more stock it is
called a "secondary offering".
Now if the earnings of the firm going public can be inflated, the price at which the shares would be
offered to the public would be higher. Since higher prices result in wealth increase for the issuers,
they have a motivation for inflating the earnings during IPOs.
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To check whether it is better to sell the stock on the day it is listed or to hold it for long time.
RESEARCH METHODOLGY
Data collection:In the present project work the data has been collected from readily available sources
that is secondary data like websites, news paper
The web sites visited are
Nseindia .com
Bseindia .com
Value research .com
Data analysis:The present project work has been analysis using time series analysis with graphical
presentation.
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Initial public offering:
An initial public offering (IPO), referred to simply as an "offering" or "flotation", is
when a company (called the issuer) issues common stock or shares to the public for the first time.
They are often issued by smaller, younger companies seeking capital to expand, but can also be done
by large privately owned companies looking to become publicly traded.
History:
In 1602, the Dutch East India Company was the first company to issue stocks and bonds
in the world in an initial public offering.
Advantages of IPO:
The Advantages of IPO are numerous. The companies are launching more and more
IPOs to raise funds which are utilized for undertakings various projects including expansion plans.
Advantages of IPO Overview:
The Advantages of IPO is the primary factor for the immense growth of the same in the last few
years. The IPO or the initial public offering is a term used to describe the first sale of the shares to
the public by any company. All types of companies with the idea of enhancing growth launch IPOs
to generate funds to cater the requirements of capital for expansion, acquiring of capital instruments,
undertaking new projects.
The increase in the capital: An IPO allows a company to raise funds for utilizing in various
corporate operational purposes like acquisitions, mergers, working capital, research and
development, expanding plant and equipment and marketing.
Liquidity: The shares once traded have an assigned market value and can be resold. This is
extremely helpful as the company provides the employees with stock incentive packages and
the investors are provided with the option of trading their shares for a price.
Valuation: The public trading of the shares determines a value for the company and sets a
standard. This works in favor of the company as it is helpful in case the company is looking
for acquisition or merger. It also provides the share holders of the company with the present
value of the shares.
Increased wealth: The founders of the companies have an affinity towards IPO as it can
increase the wealth of the company, without dividing the authority as in case of partnership.
Disadvantages of an IPO:
There are several disadvantages to completing an initial public offering, namely:
* Significant legal, accounting and marketing costs
* Ongoing requirement to disclose financial and business information
* Meaningful time, effort and attention required of senior management
* Risk that required funding will not be raised
Stock market:
A common platform where buyers and sellers come together to transact in stocks and shares. It may
be a physical entity where brokers trade on a physical trading floor via an "open outcry" system or a
virtual environment.
Stock exchange:
A stock exchange is an entity that provides services for stock brokers and traders to trade stocks,
bonds, and other securities. Stock exchanges also provide facilities for issue and redemption of
securities and other financial instruments, and capital events including the payment of income and
dividends. Securities traded on a stock exchange include shares issued by companies, unit trusts,
derivatives, pooled investment products and bonds.
The role of stock exchange:
Raising capital for businesses:
The Stock Exchange provide companies with the facility to raise capital for expansion through
selling shares to the investing public.[3]
Mobilizing savings for investment:
When people draw their savings and invest in shares (through a IPO or the issuance of new company
shares of an already listed company), it usually leads to rational allocation of resources because
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funds, which could have been consumed, or kept in idle deposits with banks, are mobilized and
redirected to help companies' management boards finance their organizations. This may promote
business activity with benefits for several economic sectors such as agriculture, commerce and
industry, resulting in stronger economic growth and higher productivity levels of firms. Sometimes it
is very difficult for the stock investor to determine whether or not the allocation of those funds is in
good faith and will be able to generate long-term company growth, without examination of a
company's internal auditing.
Facilitating company growth:
Companies view acquisitions as an opportunity to expand product lines, increase
distribution channels, hedge against volatility, increase its market share, or acquire other necessary
business assets. A takeover bid or a merger agreement through the stock market is one of the
simplest and most common ways for a company to grow by acquisition or fusion.
Profit sharing:
Both casual and professional stock investors, through dividends and stock price increases that may
result in capital gains, share in the wealth of profitable businesses. Unprofitable and troubled
businesses may result in capital losses for shareholders.
Creating investment opportunities for small investors:
As opposed to other businesses that require huge capital outlay, investing in shares is open to
both the large and small stock investors because a person buys the number of shares they can afford.
Therefore the Stock Exchange provides the opportunity for small investors to own shares of the
same companies as large investors.
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Have you applied for the shares in an Initial Public Offer (IPO) lately? Did you observe the
statement that claims, 'The company plans to raise Rs 3,600 crore (Rs 36 billion) through book
building method'?
Are you aware what book building is all about? No? Then, read on to know more about this new
method of determining the share price of a company during IPO.
What is book building?
When companies are on the look out to raise money for their business operations,
they use various means for the same.
Two of the most popular means to raise money are Initial Public Offer (IPO) and Follow on
Public Offer (FPO).
During the IPO or FPO, the company offers its shares to the public either at fixed price or
offers a price range, so that the investors can decide on the right price. The method of offering shares
by providing a price range is called as book building method.
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Book building:
Book building is actually a price discovery method. In this method, the company doesn't
fix up a particular price for the shares, but instead gives a price range, e.g. Rs 80-100.
When bidding for the shares, investors have to decide at which price they would like to
bid for the shares, for e.g. Rs 80, Rs 90 or Rs 100. They can bid for the shares at any price within
this range.
Based on the demand and supply of the shares, the final price is fixed. The lowest price (Rs 80) is
known as the floor price and the highest price (Rs 100) is known as cap price. The price at which the
shares are allotted is known as cut off price. The entire process begins with the selection of the lead
manager, an investment banker whose job is to bring the issue to the public. Both the lead manager
and the issuing company fix the price range and the issue size. Next syndicate members are hired to
obtain bids from the investors. Normally the issue is kept open for 5 days.
Once the offer period is over, the lead manager and issuing company fix the price at
which the shares are sold to the investors. If the issue price is less than the cap price, the investors
who bid at the cap price will get a refund and those who bid at the floor price will end up paying the
additional money.
For e.g if the cut off in the above example is fixed at Rs 90, those who bid at Rs 80, will
have to pay Rs 10 per share and those who bid at Rs 100, will end up getting the refund of Rs 10 per
share. Once each investor pays the actual issue price, the shares are allotted.
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Depending on the demand and supply of the shares, the issue price is fixed. Those who
bid at the price higher than the issue price end up getting refund and those who bid at the price below
the issue price end up paying the remaining amount.
Allotment procedure:
Few things frustrate an investor more than applying for shares and not getting them,
especially when talk of booming share prices leaves them with stars in their eyes.
A number of my friends have been similarly disappointed.
They simply did not get an allotment after they applied for
company offers its shares to the public. After the shares are allotted through the IPO, the stock will
be listed on the stock exchange
so that the shares can be bought and sold. A number of IPOs are in the limelight at the moment.
Since many people apply for an IPO, very few end up with the shares. Let me explain why this
happens and how the IPO game works. The company will 'discover' its price Earlier, the company
determined a fixed price for the stock issue. The issue was marketed to the general public through
advertisements and a media campaign. Today, companies prefer a book building process. Book
building is the process of price discovery. That means there is no fixed price for the share. Instead,
the company issuing the shares comes up with a price band. The lowest
price is referred to as the floor and the highest, the cap. Bids are then invited for the shares. Each
investor states how many shares s/he wants and what s/he is willing to pay for those shares
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(depending
on
the
price
band).
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4 30 Rs 36
5 20 Rs 35
6 20 Rs 33
7 20 Rs 30
The shares will be sold at the Bid 5 price of 20 shares for Rs 35.
Why?
Because Bidders 1 to 5 are willing to pay at least Rs 35 per share.
The total bids from Bidders 1 to 5 ensure all 100 shares will be sold (20 + 10 + 20 + 30 + 20).
The cut-off price is therefore Bid 5's price = Rs 35.
Bidders 1 to 5 get allotments at that price. Bidders 6 and 7 don't get an allotment because their bids
are below the cut-off price.
How to make bidding work for you
Go for the higher price band.
As a retail investor, you don't have to specify an exact price.
Make out a cheque for the number of shares you are applying for at the highest end of the price
band. If you are applying for 10 shares, the amount wll be Rs 400 (10 x Rs 40 -- the higher end of
the price band).
On allotment, the extra amount paid will be refunded to you. Since the cut-off price is Rs 35, the 10
shares will cost you Rs 350 (10 x Rs 35). The balance Rs 50 will be refunded to you.
How the allotment is done
The bids are first allotted to the different categories and the over-subscription (more shares
applied for than the shares available) in each category is determined.
Retail investors and high IIFL individuals get allotments on a proportional basis.
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Assuming you are a retail investor and have applied for 200 shares in the issue, and the issue
is over-subscribed five times in the retail category, you qualify to get 40 shares (200 shares/5).
Sometimes, the over-subscription is huge or the issue is priced so high that you can't really
bid for too many shares before the Rs 50,000 limit is reached.
In such cases, allotments are made on the basis of a lottery.
Say a retail investor has applied for 5 shares in an issue, and the retail category has been oversubscribed 10 times, the investor is entitled to half a share.
Since that isn't possible, it may then be decided that every 1 in 2 retail investors will get
allotment. The investors are then selected by lottery and the issue allotted on a proportional basis
among.
That is why there is no way you can be sure of getting an allotment.
How to make an allotment work for you
Put in bids in the names of your family members. The problem is, you will need to open demat
accounts for them first.
Most regular IPO investors try to calculate how much the issue will be over-subscribed and
then put in their bids accordingly.
For instance, if you want 10 shares and feel the retail portion of the issue will be oversubscribed three times, you should bid for 30 shares.
You could also apply separately in the high IIFL category if you have the money.
INDUSTRY PROFILE
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in operations. During the year 2004-2005, the trading volumes on the Exchange showed robust
growth.
The Exchange provides an efficient and transparent market for trading in equity, debt instruments
and derivatives. The BSE's On Line Trading System (BOLT) is a proprietory system of the Exchange
and is BS 7799-2-2002 certified. The surveillance and clearing & settlement functions of the
Exchange are ISO 9001:2000 certified.
History of the Bombay Stock Exchange :
The Bombay Stock Exchange is known as the oldest exchange in Asia. It traces its history to the
1850s, when stockbrokers would gather under banyan trees in front of Mumbai's Town Hall. The
location of these meetings changed many times, as the number of brokers constantly increased. The
group eventually moved to Dalal Street in 1874 and in 1875 became an official organization known
as 'The Native Share & Stock Brokers Association'. In 1956, the BSE became the first stock
exchange to be recognized by the Indian Government under the Securities Contracts Regulation Act.
The Bombay Stock Exchange developed the BSE Sensex in 1986, giving the BSE a means to
measure overall performance of the exchange. In 2000 the BSE used this index to open its
derivatives market, trading Sensex futures contracts. The development of Sensex options along with
equity derivatives Followed in 2001 and 2002, expanding the BSE's trading platform.
Historically an open-cry floor trading exchange, the Bombay Stock Exchange switched to an
electronic trading system in 1995. It took the exchange only fifty days to make this transition.
NATIONAL STOCK EXCHANGE:
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The National Stock Exchange (NSE) of India became operational in the capital market
segment on 3rd November 1994 in Mumbai. The genesis of the NSE lies in the recommendations of
the pertains committee 1991. Apart from the NSE, it had recommended for the establishment of
national stock market system also. The committee pointed out some major defects in the Indian stock
market. The Defects specified are
1. Lack of liquidity in most of the markets in terms of depth and breadth.
2. Lack of ability to develop markets for debts.
3. Lack of infrastructure facilities and outdated trading system.
4. Lack of transparency in the operations that effect investors confidence.
5. Outdated settlement systems that are inadequate to cater to the growing volume, leading to
delays.
6. Lack of single market due to the inability of various stock exchanges to function cohesively
with legal structure and regulatory framework.
These factors led to the establishment of the NSE.
OBJECTIVES:
1) To establish a nationwide trading facility for equities, debt instruments and hybrids.
2) To ensure equal access to investors all over the country through appropriate communication
network.
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3) To provide a fair, efficient and transparent securities market to investors using an electronic
communication network.
4) To enable shorter settlement cycle and book entry settlement system.
5) To meet current international standards of securities market.
PROMOTERS:
Industrial Development Bank of India (IDBI)
Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India (ICICI)
Industrial Financing Corporation of India (IFCI)
Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC)
State Bank of India (SBI)
General Insurance Corporation (GIC)
Bank of Baroda
Canara Bank
Corporation Bank
Indian Bank
Oriental Bank of Commerce
Union Bank of India
Punjab National Bank
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COMPANY PROFILE
IIFL Holdings Limited (formerly known as India Infoline Limited) is the apex holding company of
the entire IIFL Group, which is a leading financial services company in India, promoted by first
generation entrepreneurs. We have a diversified business model that includes credit and FINANCE,
wealth management, financial product distribution, asset management, capital market advisory and
investment banking.
We have a largely retail focused model, servicing over 2 million customers, including several lakh
first-time customers for mutual funds, insurance and consumer credit. This has been achieved due to
our extensive distribution reach of over 2,700 business locations and also innovative methods like
seminar sales and use of mobile vans for marketing in smaller areas.
Our evolution from an entrepreneurial start-up to a market leadership position is a story of steady
growth by adapting to the changing environment, without losing the focus on our core domain of
financial services. Our NBFC and lending business accounts for 71% of our consolidated income in
FY14 and has a diversified product portfolio rather than remaining a mono-line NBFC. We are a
leader in distribution of life insurance and mutual funds among non-bank entities. Although the share
of equity broking in total income was only 11% in FY14, IIFL continues to remain a leading player
in both, retail and institutional space.
Location: Mumbai
Corporate office :IIFL Center, B Wing, Trade Centre, Kamala Mills Compound, Off Senapati Bapat
Marg, Lower Parel, Mumbai - 400 013.
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Maharashtra Registered office IIFL House, Sun Infotech Park, Road No. 16V, Plot No. B-23, Thane
Industrial Area, Wagle Estate,Thane - 400 604. Maharashtra
Year of incorporation :1995
Industry Financial Services :Key businesses Credit & FINANCE, Wealth Management, Financial
Product Distribution, Capital Market
Related Employees 14,000+ Business locations Around 4,000 locations in 900 cities and towns
Global reach Singapore, Dubai, New York, Mauritius, UK, Hong Kong, Switzerland Listings NSE,
BSE Listing date 17 May, 2005
Registrars Link Intime India Pvt. Ltd.
Short term debt rating ICRA A1+
Long term debt rating ICRA AA/(Stable)
Domains
www.indiainfoline.com,
www.iiflfinance.com,
www.flame.org.in
ISIN code INE530B01024
Bloomberg code IIFL IN EQUITY
Reuters code IIFL.BO
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www.ttweb.indiainfoline.com,
Vision
To become the most respected company in the financial services space in India
Values
Fairness in all our dealings employees, customers, vendors and shareholders all included
Service orientation is our core value, imbibed by all sales as well as support teams
Business strategy
Steady growth by adapting to the changing environment, without losing the focus on our core
Customer strategy
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Remain largely a retail focused organisation, driving stickiness through knowledge and
quality service
Cater to untapped areas in semi-urban and rural areas, which is relatively safe from cut-throat
competition
Target the micro, small and medium enterprises mushrooming across the country through a
People strategy
Liberal ownership-sharing
Our logo
The Shree Yantra is regarded in India as the most powerful and mystically beautiful of all yantras
(Sanskrit word for a symbol used to focus the mind). It predates the Vedas and is supposed to be the
favourite Yantra of Lakshmi, the Goddess of Wealth and Prosperity. This powerful symbol, said to
promote harmony and tranquility as well, has endured for many centuries. IIFL is engaged in the
business of creating wealth and the adoption of the Shree Yantra as its logo was but natural.
Positioning
29
When we pioneered ONLINE TRADING in India with the launch of our brand 5paisa, the tag line
was Its all about money, honey.
We recently realigned our positioning from Knowledge is the Edge to When its about Money .
The IIFL brand is associated with trust, knowledge and quality service. But more importantly, the
brand stands for timely assistance provided to the countrys under-banked customers.
1996
A small group of professionals formed an Information Services Company*
The company was formed in October 1995 with a vision to produce high quality, unbiased,
independent research on the Indian economy, business, industries and corporates.
*The company was originally incorporated as Probity Research and Services Pvt.Ltd. The name of
the company was later changed to India Infoline Ltd.
2013
The biggest AIF and all time high income and profits
We launched AIF raising Rs6.28bn, the largest AIF fund in India, till date. Over the years, our
business model has been de-risked and is no longer dependent on cyclical capital markets. Reported
all time high income of Rs26.65bn and PAT of Rs2.79bn.
OUR STERNGTHS:
Managerial depth
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Our promoters individually are first-generation Indian entrepreneurs with meritorious academic
backgrounds and impeccable professional careers.
Nirmal Jain, Chairman, is a rank holder Chartered Accountant, Cost Accountant and an MBA from
IIM Ahmedabad and Mr. R. Venkataraman, Managing Director, is an Electronics Engineer from IIT
Kharagpur and an MBA from IIM Bangalore.
The Promoters have built the business from scratch, without pedigree of a large family business or
inherited wealth and steered it towards a market leading position by dint of hard work and enterprise.
We have consistently attracted the best of the talent from across the financial sector private sector
banks, foreign banks, public sector banks and established NBFCs. The senior management team
have years of experience and backgrounds similar to promoters and leads competent teams. IIFL has
uninterrupted history of profits and dividends since listing. We have delivered total shareholder
returns of 34.3% CAGR from listing till March 31, 2013.
Governance
The Promoters have demonstrated an exemplary track record of governance and utmost integrity.
There have been no notable regulatory strictures or oversight ever in the groups history. This is
despite a widespread and broad range of operations governed by multiple regulators including RBI,
SEBI, IRDA, FMC and NHB. In addition, we have eight licensed subsidiaries in major global
financial centres.
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Our Board has independent directors, highly respected for their professional integrity as well as rich
financial and banking experience and expertise. We have an advisory board comprising stalwarts
with long and immaculate careers in banks, public service and legal profession.
None of the promoters family members has held managerial or board position or have related-party
or financial transaction of any significance, since listing. Further, we have not lent to any related
party or associated concerns. The promoters do not have any other business interests and are
committed to the core business of financial services under the IIFL umbrella.
People
Our people form the backbone of our organization and are the foundation of our success. We have
significant ownership by employees with a credo of owners work, workers own, which has enabled
us to maintain a highly motivated staff driven by owner mindset. We create owners out of our
employees not just by offering a financial stake but also through autonomy to take decisions, make
mistakes and grow confidence, competence and career.
Knowledge
IIFL is a knowledge driven organization and has over the years developed and institutionalized
knowledge about its businesses at all the levels.
Our roots are in original research on economy, sectors, companies, capital markets and global
financial trends. Our in-house research capabilities gives us an edge in understanding industry
trends, macro-economic situations, business cycles, inflation and interest rate trends, technological
32
changes, regulatory and legal updates, environmental factors impacting labour, raw material supply,
pollution norms and for intermediate products- trends in end user sectors and for consumption
products- trends in customers habits.
We have strong origination and KYC processes across our businesses to get deep understanding of
customers needs and profile.
Innovation
We have successfully executed a number of innovative and disruptive ideas in the financial services
industry to rise from a start-up to leadership position in less than two decades. For instance:
We gave away all our research free on indiainfoline.com and acquired millions of readers
We pioneered ONLINE TRADING and revolutionized broking at lowest rate of 5 basis points
We Inducted a high profile institutional team from a foreign brokerage house in a first of its kind
deal in India broking industry
Distribution reach
We are present in around 4,000 business locations across more than 900 cities in India.
Our global footprint covers Colombo, Dubai, New York, Mauritius, London, Geneva and Singapore.
De-risked business
33
IIFL has a de-risked and diversified business model across multiple revenue streams.
We offer multiple products across all segments of financial services.
Risk management
The basis of our risk management and hence our sustainability is our underlying conservatism. The
objective of our risk management process is to insulate the company from risks associated with the
business while simultaneously creating an environment conducive for growth.
The effectiveness of our risk management practice emanates from our rich experience. It is derived
from a deep understanding of the Indian economy, sectoral trends and corporate fundamentals.
Our ability to manage organizational risk cascades from our board of directors, comprising
professionals with rich and varied experience. The risk appetite defined by our board is reflected in
our business plans and integrated into our operations.
We identify risks through appropriate systems, indicators and risk surveys reinforced by our
mangers. The companys well-defined organizational structure, documented policies and standard
operating procedures, authority matrix and internal controls ensure efficiency of operations,
compliance with internal and regulatory requirements.
We continuously strengthen our risk measurement tools customized to the nature of each business
segment. Many critical decision levels for INVESTMENTS, major lending and policy initiatives are
institutionalized trough appropriate committees.
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Well capitalized
The Group has networth of around Rs20 billion.
The company has a significantly unutilized capacity to leverage.
Technology
Right from inception, IIFL has incubated and developed next generation technology for its core
businesses.
IIFLs front office software is seamlessly integrated to a highly automated proprietary back office,
risk management and MIS software.
IIFL Trader Terminal is an entirely home grown proprietary technology, which allows trading in
Equities Cash & Derivatives, Commodities, FOREX, Mutual Funds, NFOs and IPOs on a single
screen.
Customer service
Our existing customer service organization has evolved with the singular goal since inception that
our customer experience should be the best. We offer services through multiple customer touchpoints such as personal interaction at our offices, call centre, email, and online web-based interface.
We have made significant INVESTMENT in systems, technology, people and their training, to
ensure high service standards. We have also won an award for Best Customer Service in Financial
Services 2013. Some key elements of our service approach are first time right and lightning fast
response time. We have taken several proactive steps to reduce the incidence of grievances.
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36
31-Mar-13
31-Mar-12
31-Mar-11
31-Mar-10
11,561.91
13,076.74
12,796.98
11,429.55
7,539.69
669.39
764.98
783.78
711.07
443.57
38
Qualified
Institution
al Buyers
(QIBs)
Non
Institution
al
Investors
(NIIs)
2,574,342
1,930,757
4,505,098
500,000
9,510,197
0.0000
0.0000
0.0200
0.0600
0.0100
0.2100
0.2300
0.0600
0.9500
0.1400
4.5100
0.6500
0.2800
1.1100
1.5600
Retail
Employee
Individual
Reservation
Investors
s
(RIIs)
Total
VRL's goods transportation service business serves a broad range of industries, including the fast
moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector as well as other industries including food, textiles, apparel,
furniture, appliances, pharmaceutical products, rubber, plastics, metal and metal products, wood,
glass, automotive parts and machinery. The company operates through a hub-and-spoke operating
model which enables to transport various parcel sizes and provide its customers with access to
multiple destinations for booking and delivery of goods. Its extensive network enables the company
to provide "last mile" connectivity to even remote areas in India.
Company Promoters:
The promoters of the company are:
1. Dr. Vijay Sankeshwar and
2. Mr. Anand Sankeshwar
Company Financials:
Particulars
Total Income
Profit After Tax (PAT)
31-Dec-14
12,793.80
716.90
Issue Detail:
40
31-Mar-10
7,146.13
287.54
Qualified
Institutional
Buyers (QIBs)
Non
Institutional
Investors
(NIIs)
Retail
Individual
Investors
(RIIs)
Total
4,711,006
3,467,400
8,090,600
16,269,006
0.3600
1.0500
0.5900
0.6200
1.2700
1.8200
2.3800
1.9400
58.2200
250.8600
7.9200
74.2600
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Company Promoters:
The promoters of the company are:
1. Mr. Sanjay Gaikwad
2. Mr. Narendra Hete
3. Valuable Technologies Ltd
4. Valuable Media Ltd and
5. Apollo International Ltd
Company Financials:
Particulars
Total Income
Profit After Tax (PAT)
Total
Buyers
Investors
Investors
(QIBs)
1,951,219
(NIIs)
1,463,415
(RIIs)
3,414,635
6,829,269
0.2200
0.0400
0.0900
0.1200
0.4600
0.1700
0.2600
0.3000
4.4900
1.1700
1.0200
2.0400
IST
Day 2 - Apr 29, 2015 17:00
IST
Day 3 - Apr 30, 2015 18:00
IST
43
44
1. Repayment / pre-payment, in full or part, of certain loans availed by our Subsidiary, MIPL; and
2. General corporate purposes.
Issue Detail:
0.1000
0.2600
0.1800
0.3600
0.1900
0.3500
0.3300
1.0200
1.5100
0.9700
1.1100
Company manufacture the components of wind turbine generators in-house with a view to ensuring
high quality, advanced technology and reliability and maintaining cost competitiveness. Company
has facilities dedicated to manufacturing nacelles, hubs, rotor blade sets and towers.
Inox Wind have a perpetual license from AMSC Austria GmbH (formerly Windtec GmbH), or
AMSC, a leading wind energy technology company based in Austria, to manufacture 2 MW WTGs
in India based on AMSCs proprietary technology.
In FY 2012 Company produced and sold 60 turbine generators and in FY 2013; 60 turbine
generators of 2 MW each.
Company Promoters:
The promoter of the company is Gujarat Fluorochemicals Limited (GFL); India's largest producer of
refrigerants and polytetrafluoroethylene, a synthetic flouropolymer in India. GFL holds 75% of the pre-issue
issued. GFL is a listed in BSE and NSE.
Company Financials:
Particulars
Total Income
Profit After Tax (PAT)
46
0.0400
0.1600
0.0000
0.0900
0.5500
0.3000
0.7700
0.0100
0.5900
35.6800
35.3800
2.1500
0.1200
18.6000
IST
Day 2 - Mar 19, 2015 17:00
IST
Day 3 - Mar 20, 2015 19:48
47
IST
Particulars
Total Income
733.25
(535.29)
Partial
2.
repayment
or
General
pre-payment
of
the
corporate
Consortium
purposes;
Loan;
and
3. Receive the benefits of listing of the Equity Shares on the Stock Exchanges.
Issue Detail:
Issue
Issue
Issue
Open:
Type:
Size:
Issue
Face
Issue
Mar
10,
2015
100%
Book
20,326,227
Equity
Size:
Value:
Price:
Market
Minimum
Built
180
10
-
Issue
Shares
of
Per
Rs.
215
Quantity:
Discount
49
2015
IPO
Rs.
10
Crore
Equity
Per
Equity
65
12,
341.48
Lot:
Order
Mar
Rs.
Rs.
Rs.
Share
Share
Shares
65
Shares
Extended Review of 'Adlab's Entertainment IPO' - Strategy after the change of dates and
price
Non
Retail
Total
Buyers
Investors
Investors
(QIBs)
(NIIs)
(RIIs)
12,522,536
3,048,934
2,032,622
17,604,092
0.0000
0.0600
0.1500
0.0300
50
0.0900
0.3500
0.1800
0.4000
0.1100
1.1000
0.4400
0.4000
0.1100
1.1000
0.4700
0.5300
0.3600
1.1100
0.6000
1.1700
0.4900
1.3700
1.1100
IST
Day 3 - Mar 12, 2015 17:00
IST
Day 4 - Mar 13, 2015 17:00
IST
Day 5 - Mar 16, 2015 17:00
IST
Day 6 - Mar 17, 2015 17:30
IST
51
1. Cable television services comprising of (a) analog cable television services; (b) digital cable
television services including other value added services such as HD services, NVoD, gaming and
local content;
2. Broadband services;
3. Leasing of fibre infrastructure; and
4. Signal uplinking services.
Ortel Communications currently offer services in 48 towns and certain adjacent semi urban and rural
areas with over 21,600 kilometers of cables supported by 34 analog head-ends and five digital headends. They use HFC (combination of optic fibre in the backbone and coaxial cable in the
downstream) to build their network. They provide their service to both retail and corporate
customers.
Company Promoters:
The following individuals are the Promoters of the Company:
1.
Mr.
Baijayant
Panda;
52
and
30-Sep-14
31-Mar-14
31-Mar-13
31-Mar-12
31-Mar-11
Total Income
719.34
1350.36
1218.05
1212.75
982.51
6.61
(120.64)
(250.98)
(169.24)
(190.37)
Expansion
of
network
2.
Capital
expenditure
3.
Capital
expenditure
for
on
on
providing
video,
development
development
data
of
and
telephony
services;
cable
services;
digital
of
broadband
services;
and
Open:
Type:
Size:
Issue
Face
Issue
Mar
3,
2015
100%
Book
12,000,000
Equity
Size:
Value:
Price:
Market
Minimum
Built
181
10
-
Issue
Shares
of
Per
Rs.
200
Quantity:
53
2015
IPO
Rs.
10
Crore
Equity
Per
Equity
75
5,
217.20
Lot:
Order
Mar
Rs.
Rs.
Rs.
Share
Share
Shares
75
Shares
Non
Retail
Institutional
Institutional
Individual
Total
Buyers
Investors
Investors
(QIBs)
(NIIs)
(RIIs)
6,442,575
1,800,000
1,200,000
9,442,575
0.2100
0.0000
0.0300
0.1500
0.4200
0.0000
0.0900
0.3000
1.0047
0.0903
0.3908
0.7575
54
situated on 92.95 acres of land and 20 water based attractions and 33 land based attractions at
Wonderla Bangalore, situated on 81.75 acres of land. Wonderla Resort is a 'Three Star' leisure resort
located beside their amusement park in Bangalore comprising of 84 luxury rooms, with amenities
including banquet halls, a board room, conference rooms, a multi-cuisine restaurant, a solar heated
swimming pool, recreation area, kids activity centre and a well equipped gym.
Company Promoters:
The Promoters of the Company are:
1.
Mr
Kochouseph
Chittilappilly
31-Mar-12
31-Mar-11
31-Mar-10
31-Mar-09
Total Income
13,917.43
11,452.29
9,121.70
6,975.17
6,330.76
3,348.08
2,986.73
3,152.15
938.08
1,103.08
1.
To
set
up
an
amusement
park
in
Hyderabad;
and
Issue Detail:
Issue
Issue
Issue
Open:
Type:
Size:
Issue
Face
Issue
Apr
21,
2014
100%
Book
14,500,000
Equity
Size:
Rs.
Rs.
115
Market
Minimum
Apr
Shares
of
Per
Rs.
Lot:
Order
Issue
125
Rs.
10
Crore
Equity
Per
Equity
100
Quantity:
2014
IPO
181.25
10
-
23,
Built
Rs.
Value:
Price:
Share
Share
Shares
100
Shares
56
Qualified
Non
Retail
Institutional
Institutional
Individual
Total
Buyers
Investors
Investors
(QIBs)
(NIIs)
(RIIs)
5,075,000
2,175,000
5,075,000
12,325,000
0.6400
0.2100
0.2800
0.4200
0.6900
0.5300
1.4500
0.9800
16.7100
159.0400
7.5500
38.0600
57
services like repacking of products for direct marketing in retail market to the manufacturers,
exporters etc and adding value addition of services to its clients that include Hindustan Unilever,
Cadbury, Baskins Robbins etc and has PAN India presence at 14 locations with 23 warehouses and
fleet of 370.
Gateway Distriparks Limited is the promoter and the largest shareholder. Company's other
shareholders include Mitsubishi Corporation, Mitsubishi Logistics Corporation, International
Finance Corporation and Norwest Venture Partners VIIA Mauritius. Snowman Logistics offers blast
freezing facilities at its temperature controlled warehouses in Bengaluru, Mevalurkuppam, (near
Chennai), Visakhapatnam, Serampore (near Kolkata), Taloja (near Mumbai), Ahmedabad, Palwal
(near Delhi), and Mubarakpur (near Chandigarh). Its integrated Source to Stores operations
comprise warehousing, primary distribution and secondary distribution and value-added services
including kitting, labeling, sorting and bulk breaking.
Company Promoters:
Gateway Distriparks Limited is the Promoter of the Company.
Company Financials:
Particulars
Total Income
Profit After Tax (PAT)
31-Mar-14
1,552.33
232.27
58
31-Mar-10
369.03
40.46
Qualified
Institutional
Buyers (QIBs)
Non
Institutional
Investors
(NIIs)
Retail
Individual
Investors
(RIIs)
Total
22,050,000
6,300,000
4,200,000
32,550,000
0.6200
0.3400
2.7000
0.8300
1.4900
0.8200
12.9400
2.8400
16.9800
221.7900
41.2600
59.7500
Justdail ltd:
Incorporated in 1996, Justdial Limited (Just Dial) is popular local search service provider in India.
Just Dials search services are available to users through Internet, mobile Internet, telephone and text
(SMS).
Just dial is a 24/7 Free Search service on a single national number 08888888888 that receives over
130 Million Calls every year. It provides reliable information about local businesses, products and
59
services to the users in over 2000 cities in India. They have more than 300 million customers using
JustDial Services.
Selling advertisement and qualified leads is the main source of earning for Justdial. They have more
than 145,000 paid advertisers. Companies promote their brand across the Just Dial network and
reach millions people who are actively looking for information about the products and services.
There are 4 ways available to promote brand or advertise on JustDial including Listing on Web,
Listing on Phone Search, Listing on Mobile Search and Placing Video Ads.
Company Promoters:
Promoters of the Company are:
1. V.S.S. Mani, aged 46 years, is the Managing Director and Chief Executive Officer of the
Company.
2.
Anita
Mani,
aged
43
years,
is
former
Director
of
the
Company.
60
Issue
Issue
Issue
Open:
Type:
Size:
Issue
Face
Issue
May
20,
2013
100%
Book
17,497,458
Equity
Size:
Value:
Price:
Market
Minimum
May
Built
470
Lot:
Order
of
Per
Rs.
543
Rs.
10
Crore
Equity
Per
Equity
25
Quantity:
2013
IPO
919.14
10
-
22,
Issue
Shares
Rs.
Rs.
Rs.
Share
Share
Shares
25
Shares
61
Non
Retail
Institutional
Institutional Individual
Buyers
Investors
Investors
(QIBs)
(NIIs)
(RIIs)
9,186,170
2,624,618
1,749,745
13,560,533
0.7200
0.0000
0.1400
0.5000
0.8900
0.0100
0.7000
0.7000
10.1200
22.3400
3.5300
11.6300
Total
62
COMPANY
MAY 8,2015
APRIL 28,2015
APRIL 21 2015
MEP
NAME
INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPERS
APRIL 21,2015
MARCH 18,2015
ADLABS
6
ENTERTAINMENT
LTD
ORTEL
MARCH 10,2015
COMMUNICATIONS
LTD
MARCH 3,2015
APRIL 21,2014
AUG 26,2014
10
MAY 20,2013
COMPANY NAME
OPEN
403.1
308.5
63
587.5
57.3
430
150
150
265.6
86.8
10
1146
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the days open of 10 recently issued companies among the
above 10 companies the highest price is 1146 rs i.e. for Just dail ltd & the lowest price is 57.3 rs i.e.
for MEP Infrastructure ltd.
1400
1200
1000
800
600
400
200
0
1
64
10
COMPANY NAME
floor
Cap
408.9
383.6
313.6
297
588
558
MEP
INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPERS
58.5
55.6
437
420.1
154.1
145.7
154.1
145.7
265.6
260
89
84.4
10
1151
1086.1
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the issue days high low of 10 recently companies among
the above 10 companies the highest price is 1151-1086.1rs i.e. for just dail ltd & the lowest price is
58.5-55.6 rs i.e. for MEP Infrastructure ltd.
65
1400
1200
1000
800
floor
cap
600
400
200
0
1
10
COMPANY NAME
CLOSE
401.7
306.3
585.25
MEP
INFRASTRUCTURE
DEVELOPERS
58.6
429.3
151.1
151.1
263.9
66
86
10
1139.95
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the issue previous close of 10 recently issued companies
among the above 10 companies the highest issue price is 1139.95rs i.e. for Just dail ltd & the lowest
issue price is 58.6rs i.e. for MEP Infrastructure ltd.
PREVIOUS CLOSE
1200
1000
800
PREVIOUS CLOSE
600
400
200
0
1
10
COMPANY NAME
TOTAL
67
TRADED
VALUE
1
50835
125811
16995
MEP
INFRRASDTRUCTURE
LTD
101714
41138
ADLABS ENTERTAINMENT
6
LTD
14447
ORTEL COMMUNICATIONS
7
LTD
WONDERALA
14447
HOLIDAYS
LTD
3508
321859
10
80017
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the issue trade value of 10 recently issued companies
among the above 10 companies the highest trade value is 321859 i.e. for Snowman logistics ltd &
the lowest trade value is 3508 i.e. for Wonderla holidays ltd.
68
200000
150000
100000
50000
0
1
9 10
COMPANY NAME
croes)
488.44
473.88
600
324
700
ADLABS
6
LTD
ORTEL
ENTERTAINMENT
LTD
341.48
COMMUNICATIONS
217.2
69
SIZE(in
181.25
197.4
10
919.14
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the issue size of 10 recently issued companies among the
above 10 companies the highest issue price is 919.14crs i.e. for Just dail ltd & the lowest issue price
is 181.25ces i.e. for Wonderla holidays ltd.
9 10
70
S.NO
COMPANY NAME
floor
cap
355
378
195
205
615
625
MEP
INFRASTRUCTURE
LTD
63
65
315
325
180
215
181
200
ADLABS ENTERTAINMENT
6
LTD
ORTEL COMMUNICATIONS
LTD
WONDERALA
HOLIDAYS
LTD
115
125
44
47
10
470
543
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the issue price of 10 recently issued companies among the
above 10 companies the highest issue price is 615-625 i.e. for UFO Moveiz ltd & the lowest issue
price is 44-47 i.e. for Snowman logistics ltd.
71
700
600
500
400
floor
cap
300
200
100
0
1
COMPANY NAME
LOT(shares)
35
65
24
MEP
INFRASTRUCTURE
LTD
225
45
ADLABS
65
72
10
ENTERTAINMENT LTD
ORTEL
7
COMMUNICATIONS LTD
75
WONDERALA HOLIDAYS
8
LTD
100
SNOWMAN
LOGISTICS
LTD
300
10
25
Interpretation:
The above table shows the comparison of the issue market lot of 10 recently issued companies
among the above 10 companies the highest market share is 300shares i.e. for Snowman logistics ltd
& the lowest market share is 24shares i.e. for UFO Moviez ltd.
MARKET LOT(shares)
350
300
250
MARKET LOT(shares)
200
150
100
50
0
1
10
73
COMPANY NAME
QUANTITY(shares)
35
65
24
MEP
INFRASTRUCTURE
LTD
225
45
ADLABS
6
ENTERTAINMENT LTD
65
ORTEL
7
COMMUNICATIONS LTD
75
WONDERALA HOLIDAYS
8
LTD
SNOWMAN
100
LOGISTICS
LTD
300
10
25
Interpretation:
74
ORDER
The above table shows the comparison of the minimum order quantity of 10 recently issued
companies among the above 10 companies the highest quantity is 300shares i.e. Wonderla holidays
ltd & the lowest quantity is 24shares i.e. UFO Moviez ltd.
MINIMUM ORDER
QUANTITY(shares)
200
150
100
50
0
1
10
Findings:
Represent project work has been undertaken to study the process and advantages of
INITIAL PUBLIC OFFER. During the study the following facts have been observed.
Inox Wind Ltd (IWL) is a Gujarat Fluorochemicals Ltd subsidiary that is going public with book
building process IPO of approx 3.15 crore equity shares of Rs. 10 each with a price band of Rs. 315325. IWL is engaged in renewable energy segment and is one of the leading wind power solution
providers manufacturing wind turbine generators and taking contracts on turnkey basis. To part
finance its expansion and up gradation of existing manufacturing facilities, investment in
subsidiaries and raise general corpus fund, it is entering the capital market with its maiden IPO.
75
The issue opens on 18.03.15 and will close on 20.03.15. The issue is a combo of fresh equity as well
as offer for sale. Parent company Gujarat Fluorochem is offering 1,00,00,000 equity shares and the
rest is fresh issue. The issue includes 5,00,000 shares reserved for the employees. Minimum
application is to be made for 45 shares and in multiples thereon, thereafter. Retail investors and
Employees will get discount of Rs. 15 per share. Companys equity capital of Rs. 40 crore issued at
par stood enhanced to Rs. 200 crore in May 2013 with issue of bonus shares in the ratio of 4 shares
for every 1 share held. This will further rise to approx Rs. 221 crore post issues. Issue is lead
managed by Axis Capital Ltd, BofA Merrill Lynch, Edelweiss Financial Services Ltd and Yes Bank
Ltd. Link Intime India Pvt Ltd is the registrar to the issue. Post allotment, shares will be listed on
BSE and NSE.
For the nine months ended December 31, 2014 and the years ended March 31, 2014, and 2013,
respectively, IWL produced and sold 190, 165, 99 and 60 WTGs of 2 MW each; and its total revenue
was Rs. 1794.99 crore, Rs. 1576.34 crore, Rs. 1063.68 crore and profit after tax was Rs. 179.31
crore, Rs. 131.46 crore and Rs. 150.42 crore. For the said periods, IWL has erected and
commissioned 90, 75 and 77 WTGs. The company did not provide installation services prior to the
year ended March 31, 2012. Based on first three quarters earnings the annualized EPS on equity of
Rs. 200 crore stands at Rs. 11.95 and on fully diluted equity post IPO it comes to Rs. 10.86. Thus
the asking price on fully diluted equity is at a P/E of around 30. Thus issue appears aggressively
priced.
Issue Summary
Adlabs Entertainment Ltd (AEL) is promoted by Manmohan Shetty and Thrill Park Ltd. It acquired
302 acres of land and has kept 170 acres as a land bank for developing at a future date. In the 132
76
acres AEL owns and operates, Imagica The Theme Park, which is one of the leading theme parks
in India. It features a diverse variety of rides and attractions of international standards, food and
beverages (F&B) outlets and retail and merchandise shops, designed to appeal to a broad
demography of the Indian populace, delivering memorable experiences, with a strong value
proposition. Imagica The Theme Park, is a part of Adlabs Mumbai, a one-stop entertainment
destination that the company offers at this location. Adlabs Mumbai also includes Aquamagica, a
water park, which became fully operational on October 1, 2014, and a family hotel, Novotel Imagica
Khopoli, the first phase of which is expected to be completed by March 2015.
Imagica The Theme Park is a one-of-a-kind offering in India and currently has 25 rides and
attractions, which are spread over six theme-based zones. It also offer entertainment through live
performances by acrobats, magicians, dancers, musicians and other artists throughout the day in
various parts of its theme park. Companys retail and merchandise offerings provide guests an
opportunity to memorialize their experiences at the theme park by purchasing products such as toys,
apparel, bags, caps and commemorative mementos and photographs, which carry the Imagica
brand or are based on one of the rides or attractions in our theme park and also retail candies,
chocolates and other utilities such as hats and sunglasses. Aquamagica, is a water park located
adjacent to AELs theme park, became fully operational on October 1, 2014. It offers 14 kinds of
water slides and wave pools and has a separate admission ticket and a separate entrance from the
theme park. The first phase of AELs proposed 287 key hotels, to be called Novotel Imagica
Khopoli, comprising 116 keys, is expected to be completed by March 2015. This project has been
funded by equity fund of Rs. 550 crore and debt of Rs. 1100 crore.
77
To reduce its debt partially and to raise corpus fund, it is offering 20326227 equity share of Rs.10
each via book building route in a price band of Rs. 221-230 Consisting fresh equity issue of
18326227 shares and offer for sale of 2000000 shares. Issue opens for subscription on 10.03.15 and
will close on 12.03.15. The issue will constitute 25.44% dilution of total equity capital. Minimum
application is to be made for 65 shares and in multiples thereon, thereafter. Retail investors are being
offered discount of Rs. 12 per share. Issue is lead managed by Deutsche Equities India Pvt Ltd.,
Centrum Capital Ltd and Kotak Mahindra Capital Co. Ltd. Link Intime India Pvt Ltd is the registrar
to the issue. During February 2010-August 2012 it issued shares at a price of Rs. 60 per share and
during December 2012 - January 2015 it issued shares at a price ranging Rs. 138-230. Post issue its
equity of Rs. 61.57 crore will jump to Rs. 79.90 crore. Post allotment shares will be listed on BSE
and NSE. Except for minuscule discount to retail masses, it has neither opted for grading of the IPO,
nor given any safety net. Pricing is very aggressive discounting next few years earnings.
For the financial year ended March 31, 2014, companys total income was Rs. 106.92 crore and loss
was Rs. 52.48 crore. For the six months ended September 30, 2014, its total income was Rs. 73.32
crore and loss was Rs. 53.53 crore respectively. Thus the company posted negative EPS of Rs. 11.23
and Rs. 11.04 (not annualized). Thus company has carried forward losses of operations. Its NAV
stands at Rs. 54 as on 30.09.14 is due to preferential issues made at hefty premiums. Based on this
the issue is at a negative P/E and at P/BV of 4 plus.
Ortel Communications is a flagship company of Panda group and is a regional cable television and
high speed broadband services provider focused in the Indian states of Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Andhra
Pradesh and West Bengal. It has built a two-way communication network for 'Triple Play' services
(video, data and voice capabilities) with control over the 'last mile' and has pioneered the primary
78
point cable business model in India by offering digital and analog cable television, broadband and
VAS services in Orissa, Chhattisgarh, West Bengal and Andhra Pradesh. The company holds a
dominant position in Orissa, with a fast-emerging presence in our three other markets, covering an
addressable market of approximately five million under the brand names, "Ortel Home Cable",
"Ortel Digital" and "Ortel Broadband". Now to expand its network for providing Video, data and
meeting the capital expenditure of digital cable services and broadband services and raising general
corpus fund, the company is coming out with book building process issue of 1,20,00,000 equity
share of Rs. 10 each with a price band of Rs. 181-200 and targeting to raise between Rs. 217.20-240
crore. The issue consists of 60,00,000 fresh equity issue and 60,00,000 offer for sale by existing
stakeholders. 75% shares are reserved for QIBs, 15% for HNIs and just 10% to retail investors.
Minimum application is to be made for 75 shares and in multiples thereon, thereafter. Issue is lead
managed by Kotak Mahindra Capital Co. Ltd and Karvy Computershare Pvt Ltd is the registrar to
the issue. Post allotment the shares will be listed on BSE and NSE.
Issue opens on 03.03.15 and will close on 05.03.15. On 2nd March, it is inviting bids from Anchor
Investors. Post issue, equity share capital of the company will stand at Rs. 30.37 crore. The issue will
dilute 39.25% equity on the basis of post issue paid up capital. Between October 1999 and July 2014
it issues equity shares at a premium ranging from Rs. 5 to Rs. 135 per share to reach paid up capital
of Rs. 24.37 crore. For last three fiscals it has posted an average negative EPS of Rs. 7.63 and thus it
has negative P/E and NAV of Rs. 8.31 as on 30.09.14. Thanks to premium collected on preferential
issue that has helped more erosion in NAV.
79
On performance front, the company has incurred losses till last fiscal. For the first half of fiscal
2014-15 it has clocked in turnover of Rs. 71.93 crore with a net profit of just Rs. 0.66 crore. It has
carried forward losses. Based on this, if we annualized the earnings on the post issue expanded
equity of Rs. 30.37 crore, then it is at a P/E of 400 plus and thus is aggressively priced. Although
management claimed that in India no exact peer is available for comparison as this is the only
company with 90% plus "last mile" distribution. But then the pricing is discounting its next two
years earnings and thus has nothing on table for new investors. On merchant banker's front, as per
Chittorgarh.com data, it has 49 mandates in the past out of which 14 issues failed to give listing
gains. Thus the ratio of success is around 60%.
As SEBI has done away with, this offer has not opted for any grading, has neither any safety net nor
any discount for retail investors.
At last a main line IPO from Wonderla is breaking the ice for the fiscal 2014-15 after a very dull
season in past few months with only SME IPOs and few debt offers making the bee line. No doubt,
two IPOs planned their issue i.e. Maiam Global Foods and Loha Ispaat, but the first one got
postponed before even road show starts and the other one failed to garner minimum subscription
despite longer duration period and lowering of rates, indicating at no trust from retail masses at
large. And this has happened when the secondary market has made historic highs in past few weeks.
Amidst such scenario, the main IPO from Wonderla is coming in this month.
Wonderla that got SEBI node in April 2013 and wanted to hit the market around last Diwali is now
coming out just before its SEBI card gets expired. The company is from the stable of V-Guard group
80
and has a commendable performance in the stock market from the parent company. Now it is coming
out with a maiden offer for its amusement arm called Wonderla Holiday Ltd (WHL).
The company has two amusement parks at Bengaluru and Kochi and now planning third part at
Ranga Reddy District of Andhra Pradesh. WHLs parks offer a wide range of water and land based
attractions catering to all age groups. It has 22 water based attractions and 33 land based attractions
at Wonderla Kochi, situated on 93.17 acres of land and 20 water based attractions and 35 land based
attractions at Wonderla Bangalore, situated on 81.75 acres of land. The company recorded total
Footfalls of 23.40 lakhs in Fiscal 2013 and 17.50 lakhs in the nine month period ended December
31, 2013 across its two existing amusement parks in Kochi and Bangalore. Total Footfalls across the
two amusement parks has grown at a CAGR of 7.42% from Fiscal 2011 to Fiscal 2013. WHL also
has resort that is operated under the name, Wonderla Resort and, is a Three Star leisure resort
located beside its amusement park in Bangalore comprising of 84 luxury rooms, with amenities
including banquet halls, a board room, conference rooms, a multi-cuisine restaurant, a solar heated
swimming pool, recreation area, kids activity centre and a well equipped gym. Further, for setting
up the proposed amusement park in Ranga Reddy District of Andhra Pradesh, it has acquired 49.57
acres of land.
To part finance this expansion plan, the company is coming out with a maiden IPO of 14500000
equity share of Rs. 10 each via book building route with a price band of Rs. 115-125. Minimum
application is to be made for 100 shares and in multiples thereof, thereafter. Issue opens for
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subscription on 21.04.14 and will close on 23.04.14. Post IPO, its existing equity of Rs. 42 crore will
rise to Rs. 56.50 crore. Issue is lead managed by Edelweiss Financial Services Ltd and ICICI
Securities Ltd and Karvy Computershare Pvt Ltd is the registrar to the issue. This issue is rated as
IPO Grade 4 by CRISIL indicating above average fundamentals of the company. Post allotment
shares will be listed on BSE and NSE. During January 2008 to Mach 2008 the company allotted
around 1.5 crore equity shares at a price of Rs. 12 per share.
For past three fiscals, the company has posted an average EPS of Rs. 7.61. For first nine months of
the fiscal 2013-14, it has earned net profit of Rs. 30.91 on a turnover of Rs. 121.53 crore translating
in to annualized EPS of Rs. 9.81 on existing equity of Rs. 42 crore and at Rs. 7.30 on fully diluted
equity of Rs. 56.50 crore post this IPO. Its NAV as on 31.12.13 is Rs. 36.29. Thus the asking price is
at a P/E of 17+ and at a P/BV of 3.44 on upper price band basis. For a while, company will have
southern centric play in the field with next project being planned at Chennai.
On merchant bankers front, Edelweiss had 20 mandates so far out of which 15 gave positive returns
and 5 negative whereas ICICI Securities had 28 mandates out of which 15 gave positive returns and
13 negative.
As there is no comparable peer available as of now, the issue appears to be fully priced based on
current market parameters, but being the first such company going public and has a average EBIDTA
margins of around 45% for last three fiscals, issue is worth applying for handsome rewards in
medium to long term.
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Snowman Logistics till now the subsidiary of Gateway Distriparks Ltd is now emerging as the
separate company. It is the most preferred integrated temperature controlled warehouse and transport
logistics company in the organized sector enjoying lion market share. The company has been also
providing additional services like repacking of products for direct marketing in retail market to the
manufacturers, exporters etc and adding value addition of services to its clients that include
Hindustan Unilever, Cadbury, Baskins Robbins etc and has PAN India presence at 14 locations with
23 warehouses and fleet of 370. Approx 62K pallets are in operations as of 2013-14 fiscal end.
According to management, it will continue its aggressive plans of strategic investments and although
it expects competitions to emerge going forward, it will focus on maintaining the lead in the
segment.
Its warehousing solutions cover the complete spectrum of temperature ranges from ambient to
chilled and frozen (i.e. +25C to -20C). SLL offers blast freezing facilities at its temperature
controlled warehouses in Bengaluru, Mevalurkuppam, (near Chennai), Visakhapatnam, Serampore
(near Kolkata), Taloja (near Mumbai), Ahmedabad, Palwal (near Delhi), and Mubarakpur (near
Chandigarh). Its integrated Source to Stores operations comprise warehousing, primary distribution
and secondary distribution and value-added services including kitting, labeling, sorting and bulk
breaking. It caters to industries like - Dairy products including butter and cheese; Ice-cream; Poultry
and meat; Sea food; Ready-to-eat / ready-to-cook food products; Confectioneries including
chocolate and baked products; Fruits and vegetables; Healthcare and pharmaceutical products; and
Industrial products such as x-ray, and photo-imaging, films.
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To part finance its expansion of capacities, meeting corporate funding, the company is coming out
with a maiden IPO of 42000000 equity share of Rs. 10 each via a book building process and has
fixed price band of Rs. 44-47 per share. Thus the company intends to raise between Rs. 184.8 to Rs.
197.4 crore on the basis of lower and upper price bands. Issue opens for subscription on 26.08.14
and will close on 28.08.14. Minimum application is to be made for 300shares and in multiples
thereof, thereafter. Issue is lead managed by HDFC Bank Ltd and Link Intime (India) Pvt Ltd is the
registrar to the issue. This issue is grades as IPO 4/5 by CRISIL. Post issue equity will be Rs. 166.44
crore. The company is inviting Anchor investors applications on 25.08.14. Shares will be listed on
BSE and NSE post allotments. Public portion is of 10%, HNI 15% and rest for QIBs including
Anchor Investors.
On performance front, the company posted an average EPS of Rs. 1.70 for three fiscals ended
31.3.14. For fiscal 2013-14 it posted net profit of Rs. 22.48 crore on a turnover of Rs. 155.23 crore
and if we attribute these earnings on expanded equity past IPO, the asking price is at a P/E of 32-35
on lower and upper price bands which makes it a pricey bet but considering its earnings and future
plans, it is worth considering for medium to long term as the company has lion share in the segment
of temperature controlled warehouse and logistics. For last five fiscals it has outperformed on Y-o-Y
basis with a CAGR of 35% in Revenues and PAT of 72%. Its pallets installation too has marked
CAGR of 53% and the management is confident of maintaining the same for coming years with
aggressive plans that has many firsts to its credits in this segment.
On merchant bankers front, its past mandate had mixed trends for just two IPOs. One gave and the
other one failed to give return on the day of listing.
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Although this IPO looks pricey, considering the performance parameters and this being the first IPO
from new specialized segment; it is set to reward investors in medium to long term. It is said to be
another Just Dial / Wonderla in the offing.
The long waited IPO of Just Dial Ltd (JDL) is finally seeing the day of the light as it has now
planned maiden public offer that opens for subscription on 20.05.13 and will close on 22.05.13. JDL
is one of the leading local search engine portals and provides its users "Just Dial" search service with
information and user reviews from its database of local businesses, products and services across
India. The company's search service is available to users through multiple platforms: Internet,
mobile Internet, telephone (voice) and text (SMS). In fiscal 2012, it addressed over 254.3 million
search requests across our platforms. As of December 31, 2012, it is conducting approximately
195,100 campaigns for our paid advertisers. As one of the first companies to offer local search
services in India, it believes that it has a first mover advantage among consumers seeking
information on local businesses. It aims to provide fast, free, reliable and comprehensive information
to its users, which it believe will create a network effect to attract more search queries. JDL also
believe that it has established Just Dial as a well known Indian brand on the Internet. In addition,
through its easy to remember phone numbers and user friendly mobile phone interface, it has been
able to attain significant mind-share with users for their local search needs. Reports of JDL IPO
evinced great interest in primary market community as it is likely to change the parameters for
primary market as well as grey market, opine seasoned observers.
Just Dial's database lists 9.0 mn businesses as of February 2013 (4.5 mn as of end-FY10), mostly
MSMEs. New data is added and updated regularly by 314 employees. To expand its network in
existing and new cities, it has appointed resellers to collect data from their respective territories.
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More than just the scale of its database, Just Dial's ability to consistently keep it updated has been
the reason for strong growth in usage of its search services.
The company that postponed its IPO plans as it could garner the then needed funds from private
equity partners and is now providing exit route to some of them and also to others via offer for sale
of 17,497,458 Equity Shares of Rs. 10 each by the Selling Shareholders. The listing of the Equity
Shares will enhance its brand name and provide liquidity to the existing shareholders. Listing will
also provide a public market for the Equity Shares in India. The Company will not receive any
proceeds from the Offer. In April 2010 the company has issued bonus shares in the ratio of 55 shares
for every 1 share held and thereafter has done ESOP/placement at a price ranging between Rs. 10
and Rs. 4595 with a major chunk at a price of Rs. 488.66.
Now the company is coming out with an offer for sale from existing shareholders for 17497458
equity share of Rs. 10 each with a price band of Rs. 470-543 to mobilize Rs. 822-950 crore based on
lower and upper price band. Minim um application is to be made for 25 shares and in multiples
thereof thereafter. Retail investors are offers "Safety Net" and also 10% upfront discount.
Out of 17497458 shares on offer the company has reserved only 1749745 shares (i.e. just 10%) is
kept for retail shareholders, 2624618 (15%) shares for HNIs and rest (75%) for QIBs . This is
perhaps due to the mandatory safety net clause imposed by SEBI the company wants to reduce the
"Safety Net" burden. Issue is rated as IPO 5 by CRISIL indicating strong fundamentals. While
grading, CRISIL has put disclaimer that it does not mirror the issue pricing and the issue size was
considered for 9,554,307 shares. The grade is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the graded
instrument, its future market price or suitability for a particular investor. Citigroup Global Markets
India Private Limited and Morgan Stanley India Company Private Limited are the joint BRLMs and
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Karvy Computershare Pvt Ltd is the registrar to the issue. Shares will be listed on BSE , NSE and
MCX-SX.
employees. Minimum application is to be made for 35 shares and in multiples thereon, thereafter.
Issue is lead managed by ICICI Securities Ltd jointly with IDFC Securities Ltd. and registrar to the
issue is Link Intime India Pvt Ltd. Post allotment; shares will be listed on BSE and NSE. It has
issued bonus shares in the ratio of 1 for 1 on 26th November 2007 and 1 for 2 on 10th September
2009. During 30.09.2009 and 12.01.2011 it made preferential allotment at a price between Rs.
200.00 to Rs. 263.77 per share that took the equity capital at Rs. 39.81 crore that will rise to Rs.
51.31 crore post this IPO.
On performance front, the company has (on consolidated basis) posted an average EPS of Rs. 16.06.
It suffered set back in bottom lines fiscal 2013-14. For first nine months ended on 31.12.14 it has
earned net profit of Rs. 62.43 crore on a turnover of Rs. 1326.37 crore. If we annualized these
earnings and apply on enhanced equity of Rs. 51.31 crore post this IPO then asking price is at a P/E
of 22 against industry average of 19.98. Based on NAV of Rs. 168.51 as on 31.12.14 it is at 2.1 plus
P/BV and thus it is a pricy bet compared to its peers. As on 31.03.15 it has order on hand worth Rs.
7849.70 crore (out of which around 12% is on BOT basis and the rest on EPC basis). As
infrastructure sector is receiving major focus of investment in coming few years, this company is
poised for bright prospects. Although issue has fancy pricing, retail investors may consider moderate
investment at the lower price band for long term.
VRL Logistics Ltd (VRL) is one of the leading pan-India surface logistics and parcel delivery
service providers. It owns and operates the largest fleet of commercial vehicles in the private sector
in India. VRL provides general parcel and priority parcel delivery (less than truckload services,
LTL), courier and full-truckload (FTL) services through its widespread transportation network
in 28 States and four Union Territories across India. Companys operational infrastructure for the
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goods transportation business as of December 31, 2014 comprised 624 branches (comprising 604
leased branches and 20 owned branches) and 346 agencies across India, and of such 624 branches,
48 (41 leased branches and seven owned branches) served as strategic transshipment hubs for
operations.
VRLs goods transportation service business serves a broad range of industries, including the fast
moving consumer goods (FMCG) sector as well as other industries including food, textiles, apparel,
furniture, appliances, pharmaceutical products, rubber, plastics, metal and metal products, wood,
glass, automotive parts and machinery. The company operates through a hub-and-spoke operating
model which enables us to transport various parcel sizes and provide its customers with access to
multiple destinations for booking and delivery of goods. Its extensive network enables the company
to provide last mile connectivity to even remote areas in India.
As of December 31, 2014, companys goods transportation fleet included 3,546 owned vehicles.
Thus its own large fleet enables it to reduce our dependence on hired vehicles, retain control of the
value chain and service quality, and establish a reputation for reliable and timely delivery of
consignments. The variety of goods transportation vehicles in companys fleet also enables us to
serve a diverse mix of consignments.
To dilute its 25% stake for listing of its shares as well as to meet financing of the company is
offering 23116000 equity share of Rs. 10 each in a price band of Rs. 195-205. The issue contains
fresh equity of 6000000 equity shares and 11716000 equity shares by way of offer for sale by
promoters and P/E fund. Thus the net accrue to companys fund will be around Rs. 117 crore. Total
issue size with offer for sale is Rs. 451-474 crore based on lower and upper price band. The issue is
lead managed by ICICI Securities Ltd jointly with HSBC Securities and Capital Markets (India) Pvt
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Ltd. Karvy Computershare Pvt Ltd is the registrar to the issue. Issue opens for subscription on
15.04.15 and will close on 17.04.15. Minimum application is to be made for 65 shares and in
multiples thereon, thereafter. Post allotment, shares will be listed on BSE and NSE. Its current equity
capital of Rs. 85.54 crore will rise to Rs. 91.54 crore approx. On 15.02.97 the company has issued
bonus shares in the ratio of 78 for 1, on 18.03.97 again it issued bonus shares in the ratio of 0.992 for
1 and on 09.12.2006 it issued bonus shares in the ratio of 5 for 2. Thereafter in September 2007 and
September 2013 it made preferential allotment at a price of Rs. 100 and Rs. 74.46 per share.
Goods transportation is our primary business and revenue from such business in fiscal 2012, 2013,
2014 and the nine months ended December 31, 2014 was Rs. 8,58.51 crore, Rs. 9,87.81 crore, Rs.
11,28.12 and Rs. 9,71.48 crore, respectively, representing 75.95%, 74.52%, 75.52% and 76.27%%,
respectively, of companys total revenue from operations in referred periods. General and priority
parcel services represented 91.75%, 89.15%, 88.51% and 86.43%% of its goods transportation
revenue in fiscal 2012, 2013, 2014 and the nine months ended December 31, 2014, respectively.
On overall performance front, the company posted turnover and net profits of Rs. 1135.28 cr/Rs.
76.72 cr., (2012), Rs. 1335.32 cr./Rs. 45.70 cr., (2013), Rs. 1503.78 cr./Rs. 57.18 cr.,(2014) and for
the nine months period ended 31.12.14 it has earned net profit of Rs. 71.69 crore on a turnover of Rs.
1279.38 crore. If we annualized latest earnings then EPS stands around Rs. 10.44 and thus its asking
price is at a P/E of around 19 and at a P/BV of 4.3+ which looks aggressive. Lower profits for 2013
and 2014 fiscal is attributed to rising prices of fuel as well as natural calamities in the area of its
operations.
UFO Moviez India Ltd is Indias largest digital cinema distribution network and in-cinema
advertising platform in terms of number of screens. UFO operates Indias largest satellite-based,
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digital cinema distribution network using its UFO-M4 platform, as well as Indias largest D-Cinema
network. 3i Research Mauritius Limited and P5 Asia Holding Investments (Mauritius) Limited has
made investments in UFO.
UFO is Indias largest digital cinema distribution network and in-cinema advertising platform (in
terms of numbers of screens), as at October 31, 2014, according to CRISIL. In fiscal year 2014, the
company digitally delivered more than 1,500 movies in 22 languages to 4,703 screens with
aggregate seating capacity of approximately 2.15 million viewers spread across India. Since the
beginning of its operations, it has digitally delivered more than 8,800 movies in India until February
28, 2015. As at February 28, 2015, its global network spans 6,626 screens worldwide, including
4,911 screens across India and 1,715 screens across Nepal, the Middle East, Israel, Mexico and the
USA.
UFO Moviez has created a pan-India, high-impact, in-cinema advertising platform with generally
long-term advertising rights to 3,770 screens, with an aggregate seating capacity of approximately
1.85 million viewers and a reach of over 1,800 locations across India, as at February 28, 2015. UFO
has also brought cricket matches LIVE to cinema screens in high definition, thus providing an option
of alternate content to exhibitors in India. Company has 54% share in the digitized movie exhibition
market with lion share in Tire-II and Tire-III cities.
To meet listing requirements and to unlock the value for its stakeholders, the company is having
offer for sale from existing stakeholders for approx 96 lakh equity share of Rs. 10 each in a price
band of Rs. 615-625. Issue opens for subscription on 28.04.15 and will close on 30.04.15. Minimum
application is to be made for 24 shares and in multiples thereon, thereafter.
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Under an exclusive arrangement with Impact Media Exchange Limited, it is marketing an electronic
ticketing platform known as the Integrated Media Pact, or IMPACT, to improve transparency,
efficiency and accountability in movie screening industry. The transactions on IMPACT are captured
on a real time basis as it is connected via satellite to a centralized Network Operation Centre.
IMPACT mediates the transactions between exhibitors on one hand and distributors on the other,
ensuring that ticketing transactions and movie screenings are transparent. IMPACT has been
designed to ultimately act as a settlement exchange for various stakeholders of the movie screening
industry. Provide an end-to-end, high-reach and high-quality digital cinema solution for movie
producers, distributors and exhibitors and offer a flexible, transparent and high-impact platform that
allow advertisers to have maximum engagement with cinema-goers.
For last three fiscals on consolidated basis the company has posted turnover and net profit of Rs.
207.65 crore/Rs. 6.15 crore (2012), Rs. 337.50 crore/Rs. 39.07 crore (2013), Rs. 421.09 crore/Rs.
50.10 crore (2014). For first nine months ended 31.12.14 it has earned net profit of Rs. 40.62 crore
on a turnover of Rs. 357.23 crore. As on same date its equity of Rs. 25.90 crore is supported by free
reserves of Rs. 416 crore plus. Being offer for sale, paid up equity stands at the same level post IPO.
During the period July 2005 to March 2012 company made preferential issue of shares at a price
ranging from Rs. 90 to Rs. 603.54 and also issued bonus in the ratio of 2 for 1 (March 2010). If we
attribute annualized earnings for 2014-15 on the basis of first nine months result, then the asking
price is at a P/E of around 30 and at a P/BV of 3.70 as per NAV of Rs. 169+ on consolidated basis as
on 31.12.14. Based on this, although the issue appears pricy, being the first IPO in this segment, it is
set to repeat the history of Just Dial, Wonderla, Snowman Logi. Issue is worth grabbing for listing
gains as well as handsome rewards for long term.
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BRLM for this IPO are Axis Capital Ltd and Citigroup Global Markets India Pvt Ltd. and registrar to
the issue is Karvy Computershare Pvt Ltd. Post allotment, shares will be listed on BSE and NSE.
MEP Infrastructure Developers Ltd. (MEP) has claimed as an established and leading player in
tolling operations in the road infrastructure sector, with a pan-India presence. MEP focuses on pure
toll collection projects as well as OMT projects, which involve maintenance obligations in addition
to toll collection on operational roads (including highways) constructed by third parties. According
to the report on Assessment of Operate-Maintain-Transfer (OMT) and Toll Collection market for
Road Projects in India dated June 2014 by CRISIL Research (the CRISIL Report), the company
is the leading player in OMT as well as toll collection in India based on the number of projects
operated and quality of project stretches.
MEP commenced business with collection of toll at the five Mumbai Entry Points in December
2002, which it undertook for a period of eight years, from December 2002 till November 2008
pursuant to a contract with MSRDC and subsequent extensions thereof, until November 2010. As on
March 19, 2015, it has completed 75 projects, with an aggregate of 133 toll plazas and 841 lanes,
and have an overall experience of over 12 years in this business across 12 states in India.
Company wins projects through competitive bidding process (electronic bidding in some cases) and
after satisfaction of various prescribed pre-qualification criteria. Company generates revenue from
toll collection and OMT projects through collection of toll from commuters. Its toll collection and
OMT projects have been awarded to us by statutory corporations or government companies
primarily being NHAI, MSRDC, RSRDC, RIDCOR, MJPRCL and HRBC. As on March 19, 2015,
the company operates 18 toll collection projects with an aggregate of 33 toll plazas, five OMT
projects covering 2,530.04 lane kilometres with an aggregate of 15 toll plazas and one BOT project
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covering 42.02 lane kilometres with five toll plazas. These ongoing projects are located across 10
states in India.
Its ongoing OMT projects include the Mumbai Entry Points Project, which is our largest OMT
project on the basis of revenue, under which we undertake the operation and maintenance of, and toll
collection at, the five Mumbai Entry Points and the maintenance of 27 flyovers and certain allied
structures in Mumbai for a period of 16 years until 2026. It also operates the RGSL Project with the
right to collect toll for and maintain, the RGSL in Mumbai for a period of 156 weeks until 2017. It
had issued a termination notice dated May 27, 2014 to MSRDC for terminating the Baramati Project
and subsequently a letter dated July 28, 2014 seeking termination payments under the concession
agreement for the Baramati Project. However, the termination has not taken effect and it continues to
operate the Baramati Project as on date.
To repay in part or full, loans availed by its subsidiary (MIPL), and to generate corpus fund, the
company is coming out with a maiden IPO for approx 50625000 equity share of Rs. 10 each in a
price band of Rs. 63-65 to mobilize around Rs. 324 crore. Issue opens for subscription on 21.04.15
and will close on 23.04.15. Minimum application is to be made for 225 shares and in multiples
thereon, thereafter. Post issue its equity capital will rise to around Rs. 162 crore from Rs. 111.49
crore. In May 2014 the company issued 11494250 equity shares at a price of Rs. 21.75 per share to
promoters. Shares will be listed on BSE and NSE. Issue is lead managed by IDFC Securities Ltd,
Inga Capital Pvt Ltd and IDBI Capital Market Services Ltd. Link Intime India Pvt Ltd is the registrar
to the issue.
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Suggestions
As there are many IPO's flodding into the market recent times, thought of discussing
some useful tips to be considered while going for any IPO.The present project work gives an idea
how to invest in the IPOs.
Objective of IPO:
Firstly we need to concentrate the purpose of the company for going public and where
they are using the amount come from IPO, because the future of the company depends on what it is
going to do in future. We can expect the growth of the company. For an example, if a company is
using the amount to develop its infrastructure or business expansion then we can expect a good
growth of that share. Else if it is investing in any other non productive areas then there are less
chances of our share to increase.
Fundamentals
of
the
Company:
Current
Market
Trend:
We have to analyse the current market trend as it would play an important in demand
from investors and listing price. If the market has hitted with a major IPO recently, then most of the
investors might have invested in that blocking a large capital and further enabling very less number
of investors to turn up for new IPO. Hence there would not be much demand and the price may be
low at the time of listing.
Ability
to
Withstand:
We should assess ourselves before going to invest in an IPO as this would block the
amount and even after listing if it doesn't yield anticipated returns or listed very low than the quoted
price we should be able to sustain. So be prepared to face any unanticipated risk ahead before
investing in any IPO.
Banker's
history:
Merchant Banker who is involved in IPO can also be considered. Previous IPO brought up,
respective company's current position etc. Good bankers can bring up good companies and also
ensure proper liquidity so that all the shares issued are bought.
Others:
If you want to invest more than 1 lakh in a particular IPO, invest in more than 1 application.
Never invest more than 1 lakh per application. You can invest in your spouses name or your
mom/dads name
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If you find 3 or 4 IPOs which are good but have only 1 lakh of capital to invest, select the best
IPO among the 3 and invest in it. Dont split your money. You might end up not getting allotment in
any of the IPO. Diversifying doesnt work in IPOs
If you want to invest more than 1 lakh in a particular IPO, invest in more than 1 application.
Never invest more than 1 lakh per application. You can invest in your spouses name or your
mom/dads name.
Conclusion
corporates may raise capital in the primary market by way of an initial public offer, rights issue or
private placement. an initial public offer (ipo) is the selling of securities to the public in the primary
market. this initial public offering can be made through the fixed price method, book building
method or a combination of both.
An initial public offering (ipo) occurs when a company first sells common shares to investors in
the public. Generally, the company offers primary shares this way, although sometimes secondary
shares are also sold as IPOs. For a company to offer IPOs, they need to hire a corporate lawyer as
well as an investment banker to underwrite the offer. The actual sale of the shares is generally
offered by stock exchange or by regulators. When the company starts to offer ipos, they are usually
required to reveal financial information about the company so that investors know whether the
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companies a good investment or not. you should include information on your bank term deposit if
you have one.
Being able to answer the question what is an ipo? and knowing what ipo stands for is
important if you're going to be investing in stocks or companies. once you understand the definition
of ipo and of stock market ipo, you can begin learning how to use this investment opportunity to
make a profit. Initial public offerings make a good opportunity to make a profit because they are so
inexpensive. in fact, many of the dot com millionaires of the 1990s made their money simply
through IPOs. in general, companies offer ipos in order to raise money that they need for business
expansion and new business opportunities. by offering shares to investors, a company stands to bring
in a lot of money. They can then use this money to grow their business. the more their business
grows, in turn, the higher the share prices grow and the more money is generated by investors
purchasing shares. Unlike business loans, which need to be repaid with interest, ipos do not have this
disadvantage. It is investors who take the risk -- although also a potential gain -- buying shares. if the
company loses money and they will not have to repay their investors, although investors in general
demand high accountability from a company they are buying stocks from. Many companies simply
see offering IPOs as the next stage in business growth. since public companies often enjoy larger
profits and can draw on a larger capital base than private businesses, ipos seem like the logical way
to grow a company for many ceos. The present project work is an attempt to study the advantages of
an ipo and is done satisfactorily.
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Bibliography
www.indiabulls.com
www.bluechip.com
www.nse.com
www.google.com
NEWSPAPERS
1.
Economic Times
2.
Hindu
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3.
Deccan chronicle
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