Density of Some

Common Building
Materials

These values for density of some common building materials were collected from sites across the

Material

Aluminum 171 lb/ft3

2,739
kg/m3

Asphalt,
crushed

45 lb/ft3

721
kg/m3

Brick,
common
red

120 lb/ft3

1,920
kg/m3

Cast Iron 450 lb/ft3

7,208
kg/m3

Cement,
Portland

1,506
kg/m3

94 lb/ft3

Concrete,
Limestone
2,370
148 lb/ft3
w/Portlan
kg/m3
d
Concrete,
2,400
150 lb/ft3
Gravel
kg/m3
Crushed
Stone

100 lb/ft3

1,600
kg/m3

Earth,
loam dry 90 lb/ft3
excavated

1,440
kg/m3

Earth,
packed

95 lb/ft3

1,520
kg/m3

Glass,
window

161 lb/ft3

2580
kg/m3

Gravel,
95 lb/ft3
loose, dry

1,520
kg/m3

Gravel,
1,920
120 lb/ft3
with sand
kg/m3
3/8 inch
Gypsum
7.62
1.56 lb/ft2
or Plaster
kg/m2
Board

1/2 inch
Gypsum
10.2
2.08 lb/ft2
or Plaster
kg/m2
Board

5/8 inch
Gypsum
12.7
2.60 lb/ft2
or Plaster
kg/m2
Board
Ice,
crushed

37.0 lb/ft3

593
kg/m3

Ice, solid 57.4 lb/ft3

919
kg/m3

Limestone 171 lb/ft3

2,739
kg/m3

Marble,
solid

2,560
kg/m3

160 lb/ft3

Mineral
Fiber
2.0 lb/ft3
fiberglass
Insulation

32 kg/m3

Mud,
packed

119 lb/ft3

1,906
kg/m3

Oyster
Shells,
ground

53 lb/ft3

849
kg/m3

Extruded
Polystyren
1.8 lb/ft3
e
Insulation

29 kg/m3

Expanded
Polystyren
1.5 lb/ft3
e
Insulation

24 kg/m3

Polyureth
ane
1.5 lb/ft3
Insulation

24 kg/m3

Porcelain 150 lb/ft3

2,400
kg/m3

Sand, dry 100 lb/ft3

1,600
kg/m3

Snow,
compacte 30 lb/ft3
d
Snow,
freshly
10 lb/ft3
fallen

480
kg/m3
160
kg/m3

72 lb/ft3

1,150
kg/m3

Vermiculit
40 lb/ft3
e

641
kg/m3

Water

1,000
kg/m3

Tar

62.4 lb/ft3

Wool

82 lb/ft3

1,310
kg/m3

Framing
Lumber
Douglas
Fir
2X4 =
1.28
lb/linear
ft
2X6 =
2.00
lb/linear
ft
2X8 =
2.64
lb/linear
ft
2X10 =
35 lb/ft3
3.37
lb/linear
ft
2X12 =
4.10
lb/linear
ft
4X4 =
2.98
lb/linear
ft
6X6 =
7.35
lb/linear
ft

561
kg/m3

6X8 =
10.0
lb/linear ft
4 inch
Brick
w/"
mortar

42 lb/ft3

673
kg/m3

8 inch
Concrete
Block
55 lb/ft3
w/"
mortar

881
kg/m3

12 inch
Concrete
Block
80 lb/ft3
w/"
mortar

1,281
kg/m3

1/4 inch
Plywood

0.710
lb/ft2

3.47
kg/m2

3/8 inch
Plywood

1.06 lb/ft2

5.18
kg/m2

1/2 inch
Plywood

1.42 lb/ft2

6.93
kg/m2

5/8 inch
Plywood

1.77 lb/ft2

8.64
kg/m2

3/4 inch
Plywood

2.13 lb/ft2

10.4
kg/m2

Asphalt
Roofing
Shingles

3.0 lb/ft2

15 kg/m2

1/4 in.
Slate
Shingles

10 lb/ft2

49 kg/m2

Aluminum
Roofing
0.3 lb/ft2
26 gauge

1.5 kg/m2

Steel
Roofing
0.8 lb/ft2
5
29 gauge

3.9 kg/m2

Built-Up 3
Ply &
5.5 lb/ft2
Gravel
Roofing

27 kg/m2

Bank
Sand

2,500
lb/yd3

1,483
kg/m3

Torpedo
Sand

2,700
lb/yd3

1,602
kg/m3

Framing
Steel

490 lb/ft3

7,849
kg/m3

Material-
powder,
lbs/cu.ft
ore,solids,
etc.

kg/cu.m.

Alfalfa, ground

16

256

Alum, lumpy

55

881

Alum, pulverized

47

753

Alumina

60

961

Aluminum, oxide

95

1522

Ammonia gas

0.048

0.77

Ammonium
Nitrate

46

730

Ammonium
Sulphate - dry

71

1130

Ammonium
Sulphate - wet

81

1290

Andesite, solid

173

2771

Antimony, cast

418

6696

Apples

40

641

Arsenic

354

5671

Asbestos shredded

Asbestos rock

20 320-400

100

Ashes - wet

46 730-890

Ashes - dry

36 570-650

1600

Asphalt, crushed

45

721

454

7272

120

Bakelite, solid

85

1362

Baking powder

45

721

236

3780

Bark, wood
refuse

15

240

Barley

38

609

Barite, crushed

180

2883

Basalt, broken

122

1954

Basalt, solid

188

3011

Bauxite, crushed

80

1281

Beans, castor

36

577

Beans, cocoa

37

593

Beans, navy

50

801

Beans, soy

45

721

Babbitt

Bagasse

Barium

Beeswax

60

961

Beets

45

721

Bentonite

37

593

Bicarbonate of
soda

43

689

611

9787

Bones,
pulverized

55

881

Borax, fine

53

849

Bran

16

256

Brewers grain

27

432

Brick, common
red

120

1922

Brick, fire clay

150

2403

Brick, silica

128

2050

Bismuth

Brick, chrome

175

2803

Brick, magnesia

160

2563

Buckwheat

41

657

Butter

54

865

540

8650

Calcium carbide

75

1201

Caliche

90

1442

134

2146

80

Carbon dioxide

0.124

1.98

Carbon
monoxide

0.078

1.25

Cadmium

Carbon, solid

Carbon,
powdered

Cardboard

43

Cement - clinker

81 1290-1540

Cement,
Portland

94

1506

Cement, mortar

135

2162

Cement, slurry

90

1442

156

2499

Chalk, lumpy

90

1442

Chalk, fine

70

1121

Charcoal

13

208

Chloroform

95

1522

40

641

75

1201

Chromium

428

6856

Chromium ore

135

2162

57

913

40

641

68

1089

114

1826

Clay, dry lump

67

1073

Clay, fire

85

1362

Clay, wet lump

100

1602

Clay, compacted

109

1746

Clover seed

48

769

Coal, Anthracite,
solid

94

1506

Coal, Anthracite,
broken

69

1105

Coal,
Bituminous, solid

84

1346

Coal,
Bituminous,
broken

52

833

393

6295

32

513

22

352

35

561

27

432

Chalk, solid

Chocolate,
powder
Chromic acid,
flake

Cinders, furnace
Cinders, Coal,
ash
Clay, dry
excavated
Clay, wet
excavated

Cobaltite ( cobolt
ore )
Coconut, meal
Coconut,
shredded
Coffee, fresh
beans
Coffee, roast
beans
Coke

36-41

689

570-650

Concrete,
Asphalt

140

2243

Concrete, Gravel

150

2403

Concrete,
Limestone with
Portland
Copper ore

148

121-162

2371

1940-2590

Copper sulfate,
ground

225

3604

Copra, medium
size

33

529

Copra, meal,
ground

40

641

Copra, expeller
cake ground

32

513

Copra, expeller
cake chopped

29

465

Cork, solid

15

240

Cork, ground

10

160

Corn, on the cob

45

721

Corn, shelled

45

721

Corn, grits

42

673

Cottonseed, dry,
de-linted

35

561

Cottonseed, dry,
not de-linted

20

320

42

673

12

192

37

593

40

641

26

416

Cryolite

100

1602

Cullet

100

1602

Culm

47

753

181

2899

Dolomite,
pulverized

46

737

Dolomite, lumpy

95

1522

Earth, loam, dry,

excavated

78

1249

90

1442

100

1602

Earth, dense

125

2002

Earth, soft loose

mud

108

1730

Earth, packed

95

1522

Earth, Fullers,
raw

42

673

250

4005

Cottonseed,
cake, lumpy
Cottonseed,
hulls
Cottonseed,
meal
Cottonseed,
meats
Cottonwood

Dolomite, solid

Earth, moist,
excavated
Earth, wet,
excavated

Emery

Ether

46

737

160

2563

Feldspar,
pulverized

77

1233

Fertilizer, acid
phosphate

60

961

Fish, scrap

45

721

Fish, meal

37

593

Flaxseed, whole

45

721

Flint - silica

87

1390

Flour, wheat

37

593

Feldspar, solid

Flue dust

91-126

1450-2020

Fluorspar, solid

200

3204

Fluorspar, lumps

100

1602

90

1442

Fluorspar,
pulverized
Fullers Earth raw or burnt

36-46

570-730

Galena ( lead
ore )

462-474

7400-7600

Garbage,
household
rubbish

30

Glass - broken or
81-121
cullet

481

1290-1940

Glass, window

161

2579

Glue, animal,
flaked

35

561

Glue, vegetable,
powdered

40

641

Gluten, meal

39

625

Gneiss, bed in
place

179

2867

Gneiss, broken

116

1858

Granite, solid

168

2691

Granite, broken

103

1650

Graphite, flake

40

641

Grain - Maize

47

760

Grain - Barley

37

600

Grain - Millet

47-50

760-800

Grain - Wheat

49-50

780-800

Gravel, loose,
dry

95

1522

Gravel, with
sand, natural

120

1922

105

1682

125

2002

Gravel, dry 1/4 to

2 inch
Gravel, wet 1/4
to 2 inch
Gummite
( uranium ore )

243 3890-6400

Gypsum, solid
Gypsum, broken
Gypsum,
crushed
Gypsum,
pulverized
Halite (salt), solid
Halite (salt),
broken
Hematite ( iron
318-325
ore )
Hemimorphite
212-218
( zinc ore )
Hydrochloric acid
40%

174

2787

81 1290-1600
100

1602

70

1121

145

2323

94

1506
5095-5205
3395-3490

75

1201

Ice, solid

57

919

Ice, crushed

37

593

Ilmenite

144

2307

Iridium

1383

22154

131-181
2100-2900
Iron ore - crushed
-see
metals table

Iron oxide
pigment

25

400

150

2400

Iron sulphate pickling tank dry

75

1200

Iron sulphate pickling tank wet

81

1290

115

1842

Kaolin, green
crushed

64

1025

Kaolin,
pulverized

22

352

Iron Pyrites

Ivory

711
11389
Lead, rolled -see metals
table

Lead, red

230

3684

Lead, white
pigment

255

4085

Leather

59

945

Lignite, dry

50

801

Lime, quick,
lump

53

849

Lime, quick, fine

75

1201

168

2691

96

1538

30

481

Lime, stone,
large
Lime, stone,
lump
Lime, hydrated

Lime, wet or
mortar

96

1540

Limonite, solid

237

3796

Limonite, broken

154

2467

Limestone, solid

163

2611

97

1554

87

1394

Linseed, whole

47

753

Linseed, meal

32

513

Locust, dry

44

705

Magnesite, solid

188

3011

Magnesium
oxide

121

1940

Magnesium
sulphate, crystal

70

1121

Magnetite, solid (
iron ore )

315

5046

205

3284

Limestone,
broken
Limestone,
pulverized

Magnetite,
broken
Malachite
( copper ore )
Malt

234-247

3750-3960
21

336

475

7609

120

1922

25

400

160

2563

98

1570

Marl, wet,
excavated

140

2243

Mica, solid

180

2883

Mica, broken

100

1602

Mica - flake

32

520

Mica - powder

62

986

Milk, powdered

28

449

Molybdenum ore

100

1600

Mortar, wet

150

2403

Mud, packed

119

1906

Mud, fluid

108

1730

Nickel ore

100

1600

Nickel, rolled

541

8666

Nickel silver

527

8442

94

1506

Nitrogen

0.079

1.26

Oak, red

44

705

Oats

27

432

Oats, rolled

19

304

Oil cake

49

785

Manganese,
solid
Manganese
oxide
Manure
Marble, solid
Marble, broken

Nitric acid, 91%

Oil, linseed

59

942

Oil, petroleum

55

881

0.089

1.43

Oyster shells,
ground

53

849

Paper, standard

75

1201

Peanuts, shelled

40

641

Peanuts, not
shelled

17

272

Peat, dry

25

400

Peat, moist

50

801

Peat, wet

70

1121

Pecan wood

Oxygen

47

753

Phosphate rock,
broken

110

1762

Phosphorus

146

2339

Pitch

72

1153

Plaster

53

849

Platinum ore

162

2600

Porcelain

150

2403

Porphyry, solid

159

2547

Porphyry, broken

103

1650

80

1281

125

2002

Potatoes, white

48

769

Pumice, stone

40

641

Potash
Potassium
chloride

Pyrite (fool's
gold)

150 2400-5015

Quartz, solid

165

2643

Quartz, lump

97

1554

Quartz sand

75

1201

Resin, synthetic,
crushed

35

561

Rice, hulled

47

753

Rice, rough

36

577

Rice grits

43

689

Rip-Rap

100

1602

Rock - soft excavated with

shovel

100 1600-1780

Rosin

67

1073

Rubber,
caoutchouc

59

945

Rubber,
manufactured

95

1522

Rubber, ground
scrap

30

481

Rye

44

705

Salt cake

90

1442

Salt, course

50

801

Salt, fine

75

1201

Saltpeter

75

1201

Sand, wet

120

1922

Sand, wet,
packed

130

2082

Sand, dry

100

1602

90

1442

Sand, rammed

105

1682

Sand, water filled

120

1922

103

1650

126

2020

145

2323

Sand, loose

Sand with
Gravel, dry
Sand with
Gravel, wet
Sandstone, solid
Sandstone,
broken

86 1370-1450

Sawdust

13

210

Sewage, sludge

45

721

167

2675

Shale, broken

99

1586

Shells - oyster

50

800

Shale, solid

Sinter

100 1600-2180

Slag, solid

132

2114

Slag, broken

110

1762

Slag, crushed,
1/4 inch

74

1185

Slag, furn.
granulated

60

961

Slate, solid

168

2691

Slate, broken
Slate, pulverized

81-91

1290-1450
85

1362

268

4300

10

160

30

481

Soap, solid

50

801

Soap, chips

10

160

Soap, flakes

10

160

Soap, powdered

23

368

150

2400

Soda Ash, heavy

67

1080

Soda Ash, light

27

432

Sodium

61

977

Sodium
Aluminate,
ground

72

1153

Sodium Nitrate,
ground

75

1201

Smithsonite
( zinc ore )
Snow, freshly
fallen
Snow,
compacted

Soapstone talc

Soy beans,
whole
Starch,
powdered

47

753

35

561

Stone, crushed

100

1602

Stone (common,
generic)

157

2515

Sugar, brown

45

721

Sugar, powdered

50

801

Sugar,
granulated

53

849

Sugar, raw cane

60

961

13

208

35

561

17

272

Sulphur, solid

125

2002

Sulphur, lump

82

1314

Sulphur,
pulverized

60

961

Taconite

175

2803

Talc, solid

168

2691

Talc, broken

109

1746

Tanbark, ground

55

881

Tankage

60

961

Tar

72

1153

Tobacco

20

320

Trap rock, solid

180

2883

Trap rock,
broken

109

1746

Turf

25

400

Turpentine

54

865

Walnut, black,
dry

38

609

Water, pure

62

1000

Sugarbeet pulp,
dry
Sugarbeet pulp,
wet
Sugarcane

64 table) 1026
Water, sea (see liquids

Wheat

48

769

Wheat, cracked

42

673

Wood chips15-32
- dry -see240-520
wood table

Wool

82

1314

Zinc oxide

25

400