Advanced Engineering

Mathematics
Engr. Rimson E. Junio
Instructor

Trigonometry
EEMA211

The Fourier Series

Periodic Function

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Periodic Function
A function is said to be periodic if its function values repeat at
regular intervals of the independent variable. The regular interval
is called the period.

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The Graph of

Period:
Amplitude:
Frequency:

Period:
Amplitude:
Frequency:

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Harmonics
Consider the following periodic function:

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P5.2
Determine the first, second, and third harmonics of the following
functions.

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Non-sinusoidal Periodic Functions

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Piecewise definitions

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P5.3
Define analytically the periodic functions shown.

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The Fourier Series (Trigonometric Form)
It is possible to write a periodic function with fundamental period as
a series expansion of sines and cosines.
Suppose f(x) is defined on the interval where
Then,

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Visualization

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Finding the Coefficients

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Finding the Coefficients

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P5.4
Find the Fourier series for the function shown.

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P5.4 Solution
Solving for

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P5.4 Solution
Solving for

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P5.4 Solution
Solving for

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P5.4 Solution

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P5.5
Find the Fourier series of the triangular wave function defined by for
and for all .

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P5.5 Solution

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P5.5 Solution

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P5.5 Solution

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P5.5 Solution
Find the Fourier series of the triangular wave function defined by for
and for all .

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P5.5 Solution

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P5.6
Find the Fourier series of the square wave function defined by

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P5.6 Answer

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P5.6 Answer

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Some things to ponder on:

*Why is it that sometimes all the or the are zero?

*What is the significance of the term?
*What happens at points of discontinuities?

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Odd and Even Functions
A function is odd if and even if

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Odd and Even Functions
A function is odd if and even if

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P5.7
State whether each of the following functions is odd, even, or neither.

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The Gibbs phenomenon

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Presence of only even or only odd harmonics

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Homework
1. Determine the Fourier series for a periodic function defined by

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