CHAPTER 2

LITERATUR REVIEW

2.0 Theory about robot automation

In this section, we learn about Robotics in Industry. To design Robotics in Industry,
First we must know about Robotics. There are some conditions that we must meet first.
The part of robotics :
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Controller
Sensor
Manipulator
Pendant
Data Base

2.0.1 The Design on Task Requirement

Before Choosing the Robotics Automation Proccess, the first thing we must decide is the
need of Automation. We can do some observation to decide the automation proccess. After
that we must choose the robot for the proccess. The example is we must use the Palletizing
Robot for arrange the product.
There are some types of robot that we can use, Cartesian, humanoid, Robotic Arm. The
robot can be decide after doing some analysis like a machine size, payload, speed, etc.
2.0.2 Workplace
After we do some analysis about the robot, we can make a better choice about the
robot. We can design the position about the robot, conveyor and some machine in the
Industry. This will very help if the workplace in Industry is small. But if the workplace in
Industry is Large, it can be help to design the position for some years later.
In the workplace we must design about distance between machines, if distance is
too small there can be disturb the operator and production proccess. If it is too large it is not
efficient for the space in the Industry. The same thing about Robot and Manipulator design,
we must decide about we use about what type of robot and Manipulator. If there arent
Manipulator in Market, we can design it to adapt the proccess.

2.0.3 Payload
The payload is decide by the material, the size of material, and the weight of the
gripper. It means that the type of the Gripper is decide by its payload.
2.0.4 Speed and repeatibility
The reason that the Robotics used in Industry is to improve the speed of the
production proccess. The more speed you have give more advantage in the proccess. Robot
can make this happen because the Accuracy, the Ability of Repetition and the robot will never
tired, not like human.
The example is when the place proccess. The robot can put the material or the thing in
the right place and it can happen everytime without miss. Human cant do it so the Robot is
very helpfull for this proccess.

2.1 Robotic arm

A robotic arm is a type of the mechanical, that similar functions to human arm and it
can be programed. The robotic arm is connected by joints that can be rotate or another
motion. The Robotic Arm is connected to the Manipulator that can control the arm or can
make a move and save it to the robotic arm program.

Image of Robotic Arm

2.2 Palettizing Robot

Palettizing is the process of moving objects or parts from one place to another.
Palettizing also is the process of arrange one object or part to the desired spot . This is what
underlies the manufacture of robots palettizing . Paletizzing robot can do things like move
goods or parts from one place to another quickly and can move heavy stuff though. Robot
palettizing also able to arrange things so neatly and quickly . Palettizing robot can do this
repeatedly without error or with a small error . This can be done with programed the
palettizing robot.

Image Of Palettizing Robot

Abstract

Now we live in a modern age where technology has undergone rapid development ,
especially in the Industry . the development of technology is already changing the
composition in the Industry. Many of the jobs that were once done by people now replaced by
a robot . this is done by the industry to improve its productivity .
They use the robot to increase production speed. Because robots can do better than
that done by humans , for example, robot can move goods quickly and can arrange the goods
accurately and quickly. Robots also can move heavy objects or goods many at once compared
to humans . This is very helpful in the Industrial world .

CHAPTER 1

INTRODUCTION

1.01 Introduction
Robot is a mechanical device that can perform physical tasks , using either human
supervision and control , or using a program that has been defined first ( artificial
intelligence). A machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically,
especially one programmed by a computer. Robots are usually used for: Heavy task,
Repetitive Work.
There are four main parts of the robot , the Micro Controller , Power Supply ,
Actuator and Sensor . Micro Controller is a chip or a computer that contains a program for
controlling a robot . Power Supply is a power or energy source that provides power to the
robot so that the robot can move. Actuator is a tool that can make a robot move. And the
Sensor is a tool that can give a feed back to the Micro Controller so that the robot can
determine whether the system can continue working or not .
Almost all industries are already using the robot . This is due to the ability of a
robot that can replace the human role . Robots also can simplify and shorten the time of
production processes in industry . Robot in the industry could be distinguished based on their
functions . Some robots that exist in the industry are :
1. Transfer
Robots are used to move objects or parts from one place to another .
2. Develop
Robots that serves to organize objects or parts quickly and accurately after being
moved.
3. Material Handling
Robots are used to hold objects or part when the object is moved or arranged .
4. Assembly
Robots are useful for combining multiple parts into a single object or component .

In this report we will try to let you know how to determine the Robot and a Gripper that used
for Transfer and Material Handling that is appropriate to Manufacturing Proccess of the Kick
Starter.
1.1 Problem Statement

In the production process , all industry do the mass production. It is sometimes

plagued with production speed up and down sometimes . This is because human beings as
workers can feel a fatigue and lack of concentration which leads to the decrease of the
production process . For example, in the manufacturing of kick starter .
Sometimes Operator can feel tired in pick up and move objects or parts to the next
process . This has led to problems in the production process . This leads to decreased
production process due to the physical limitations of the human body as workers. It could
also have an impact on product quality decreases. In the production process there are some
things that become a problem because of the limitations of human beings as workers , That
is :
1. Productivity
In industry the worker must work continously so man as worker can feel tired so that
productivity going down and could have an impact on the industry.
2. Quality of Product
Man who works continuously will feel tired and decreased concentration . This could
have an impact on product quality in production . If workers feel tired and lack of
concentration , product quality will be bad.
3. Time Production
If workers feel tired , it will have an impact on production time that is longer. Workers
who feel tired would be slow to work and can slow the production process that should
have taken place.
4. Cost
If the industry wants to maintain the production speed and quality of its products , the
industry needs to add more workers. This will have an impact on the costs incurred to
pay the salaries of workers were added.
1.2 Project Objective
If the industry wants to fix these problems, industry can use the robot . Robot is a good
solution of some of these problems.
Robots can solve the problem of production speed , quality of product , the time
required is also shorter , and do not need to add workers and even reduce worker. This is
because the robot does not feel tired , and can work quickly and accurately. Before using the
robot, we must be determined robotic system used properly so that it can assist the production
process . In the production process of this kick starter , used transfer robots and material
handling. This is the Object of This Project :

1. To Develope of Layout Production if use the Robot

2. To Analyze Gripper Design
3. To Analyze the Robot Design
4. To Choosing the Robot for the proccess
5. To Analyze effeciency of Robot is Compared to Man.
6. To Analyze the Robot Timing
1.3 Project Scope
The Basic of Selection of Transfer Robot and Gripper is needed to Analysis about Line
Balancing, Timing, Distance, and Payload. And All Analysis must to have connection well.
This is the Project Scope for our project :