NathalyMeza

Grapheme-Phoneme Chart for Project #1

Consonants
Symbol
p
b
t
d
k

Examples (Basic spelling)

Pulled, pond, put, pebble
Behind, be, back, before, boy
Time, take, ate, shot, bought
Door, do , day, did, told

g
m
n
ng //
f
v
s
z
h
sh //
zh //
w
y
l

Good, going, get, go

Mom, mother, mittens, make, my
Not, never, noodle, nest
Long, running, evening
Front, for, from, ful, favorite
vision vehicle, very
Stock, stop, soup, said, stay
zipper zebra, zoo
He, his, him, have, home
shake, shark, shop, share
abbreviation abduction, vision
Wondered, would, will
You, yours, yesterday

r
ch /t/
j /d/
th/ / bath
th // bathe

Run, ride, river

Chicken, chips, chase
Yelled, just, suggest
Then, the, that, think, there
Mother, father, thy

Cap, can, care, kiss, take

Looked, lunch, little, like, long

Alternate Spellings
apple, shipped, flipped
bubble lamb, crabby
Pulled, looked, asked, out
Mother, father, followed, swollen
Back, doctor, like, chicken, quick,
explain
Giggle, trigger, ghost
comb farm lamb
Know, on, knees
Off, phone, office
liver, convict, river
His, bicycle. Mittens, exit, next
please tease pause
Though, thought think then
Sure, ocean, action
twinkle, twilight, away, wrong
baby, may bay
Pulled, dimple, noodle
write, wrong
Jack, yellow, year

Vowels
Symbol
Short vowels
i /I/
bit

Examples (basic spelling)

Alternate Spellings

His, him, if, will, in, mittens, it,

busy, women, hymn

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chicken
e //
bet
Then, never, open, chicken,
tender
a //
bat
Am, cap, back, can, ask, have, that
ah // father, hot wonder, bother, toddler
u //
but
Lunch, put, run, ful

about, sofa Away, about, another

// book
Looked took shook
aw // dawn, long Long, lawn, fawn, tongs
Long vowels
a_e /ey/ cane
Take, make, bake
ee /iy/ beet
Ears, behind, be, he, cheese
i_e /ay/ bite
I, time, like, ice
o_e /ow/ cone
Over, opened,
/u/ boot
Noodle, food, snooze, mood,
boo
oy /y/ boy
Boy, toy, coy
ow /aw/ gown
Now, bow cow, flower
r-colored vowels
ar
far
bar, shark, car
r //
fur
creature
er
fair
chair traitor, hair, air,
ir
or
ur

fear
for
poor

year, beard, dear

shore, bored, explore
floor, door,

Said, again, many

aunt, bought, laugh
Not, bought, thought,
Front, would, should, could
Stock, stop, off
lost lots, blocks, yacht
On, pond, wand,
Stay, wait, tale
baby, lazy, very, dream
My, tie, why, shy, bye
Home, know toe
puddle, you, cruel
oil, foil, boil
Out, loud, found

dirt, bird, word

rare, share, dare, their, there,
spare wear
ear, weird, sheer
floor, court, poor, aboard
more, shore, bored flora

Spelling Patterns
1. Unstressed vowel
Some vowels are difficult to hear because they are spoken quickly or quietly.
er words
Examples: Wondered, mother, father, there, never, flower, very, tender, bother, another,
toddler
2. Double consonants
Double consonants in the middle of a word mark the boundary of two syllables
A double consonant follows the short vowel (correct).
Examples: pulled, pebble, apple, shipped, flipped, bubble, crabby, followed,
swollen, giggle, :trigger, mittens, running, zipper, yelled, suggest, yellow, puddle,
running
3. Consonant vowel consonant
Short vowel sounds
Examples: mom, his, cap, him, for, put, not, run, how, can, out,

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4. For words ending in one vowel and one consonant, double the final consonant before
adding ed.
Examples: yelled, asked, looked, opened, pulled, wondered
5. Contractions: putting two or more words together and replacing a letter or letters with an
apostrophe can make new words.
Examples: Im, Ive, dont
6. Long vowel sounds are usually spelled with two vowels
Example: looked, goodbye, noodle, door
7. Long a sound /a/ /ai/ /ay/ /a_e/
Examples: away, make, careful,
8. Ending blends /ng/
Examples: going, stocking,
9. Multiple spellings of same sound: oi and oy
Examples: boy, going
10. Nouns ending in ch
Examples: lunch
11. When h follows c, s, t, w, or p the combination stands for a new sound: th, ch, sh, ph, wh
Examples: then, the, lunch, that
12. Compound words
Examples: goodbye, behind, careful,
13. Capital I is a letter and a word
Example: I would, I make, I dont, I think, I can,