ETNO-Learning Diary (Session-7,8&9)

Contents
1.

Three Shifts in the Application of IT .............................................................................................. 2

2.

What happens when an enterprise shifts to integration? ............................................................ 2

3.

What is Web 2.0? ............................................................................................................................. 2

4.

Elements of web 2.0: ....................................................................................................................... 3

5.

Mobile Applications in the Enterprise ........................................................................................... 3

6.

Data, Information, Knowledge, Insight .......................................................................................... 4

7.

Big Data ............................................................................................................................................ 4

8.

Why Is Big Data Important?............................................................................................................ 5

Learning pauses:...................................................................................................................................... 5

1.

THREE SHIFTS IN THE APPLICATION OF IT

From Personal to Work-Group Computing
From Systems Islands to Integrated Systems
Management and control of physical assets and facilities
Financial management and control systems
Technologies to manage and support human resources
From Internal to Inter-organizational Computing

2.

WHAT HAPPENS WHEN AN ENTERPRISE SHIFTS TO INTEGRATION?

Technology Applications -> Organizational Restructuring
System Islands ->Integrated Systems
Separate Systems ->Integrated Environments
Single-form Systems->Integrated data, voice, & image
Cost Reduction ->Enterprise Effectiveness Value Chain Value Network
Simple Market Combat-> Competition via Cooperation
Manual Communications-> Electronic Communication
Enterprise Technology ->Interorganizational Computing
Purchaser of Information ->Information Purchaser/Vendor

3.

WHAT IS WEB 2.0?

Web 2.0 is the current state of online technology as it compares to the early days of the Web,
characterized by greater user interactivity and collaboration, more pervasive network
connectivity and enhanced communication channels.

One of the most significant differences between Web 2.0 and the traditional World Wide Web
(WWW, retroactively referred to as Web 1.0) is greater collaboration among Internet users,
content providers and enterprises. Originally, data was posted on Web sites, and users simply
viewed or downloaded the content. Increasingly, users have more input into the nature and
scope of Web content and in some cases exert real-time control over it.

The social nature of Web 2.0 is another major difference between it and the original, static
Web. Increasingly, websites enable community-based input, interaction, content-sharing and
collaboration. Types of social media sites and applications include forums, microblogging,
social networking, social bookmarking, social curation, and wikis.

4.

ELEMENTS OF WEB 2.0:

5.

Wikis: Websites that enable users to contribute, collaborate and edit site content.
Wikipedia is one of the oldest and best-known wiki-based sites.
The increasing prevalence of Software as a Service (SaaS), web apps and cloud computing
rather than locally-installed programs and services.
Mobile computing, also known as nomadicity, the trend toward users connecting from
wherever they may be. That trend is enabled by the proliferation of smartphones, tablets
and other mobile devices in conjunction with readily accessible Wi-Fi networks.
Mash-ups: Web pages or applications that integrate complementary elements from two
or more sources.
Social networking: The practice of expanding the number of one's business and/or social
contacts by making connections through individuals. Social networking sites include
Facebook, Twitter, LinkedIn and Google+.
Collaborative efforts based on the ability to reach large numbers of participants and their
collective resources, such as crowdsourcing, crowdfunding and crowdsource testing.

MOBILE APPLICATIONS IN THE ENTERPRISE

Supporting mobile employees

Job dispatch
Transportation (food, oil, newspapers, etc.)
Taxis
Utilities (gas, electric, etc.)
Field service (computer, office equipment)
Health care (visiting nurses, doctors)
Security (patrols, alarm installation)
Mobile sales force automation
Intelligent offices
Non-Internet applications such as:
Wireless networking used for inventory picking in warehouses
Delivery and order status updates
Service people in the field
Dispatching
Online diagnosis support from remote locations
Parts ordering/inventory queries
Salespeople connect to corporate networks
Remote database queries

6.

DATA, INFORMATION, KNOWLEDGE, INSIGHT

Data

Information

Knowledge

Organized data that has meaning and value

Processed data or information that conveys understanding or learning
applicable to a problem or activity,

Insight

7.

Items that are the most elementary descriptions of things, events,

activities, and transactions
May be internal or external

Arriving at the unknown hidden meaning from data pattern from

consumer, employee, weather or machine behavior

BIG DATA
Big data is a term that describes the large volume of data both structured and unstructured
that inundates a business on a day-to-day basis. But its not the amount of data thats
important. Its what organizations do with the data that matters. Big data can be analyzed for
insights that lead to better decisions and strategic business moves.
Properties of Big Data:

Volume. Organizations collect data from a variety of sources, including business transactions,
social media and information from sensor or machine-to-machine data.
Velocity. Data streams in at an unprecedented speed and must be dealt with in a timely
manner. RFID tags, sensors and smart metering are driving the need to deal with torrents of
data in near-real time.
Variety. Data comes in all types of formats from structured, numeric data in traditional
databases to unstructured text documents, email, video, audio, stock ticker data and financial
transactions.

8.

WHY IS BIG DATA IMPORTANT?

The importance of big data doesnt revolve around how much data you have, but what you do
with it. You can take data from any source and analyze it to find answers that enable
1) Cost reductions
2) Time reductions
3) New product development and optimized offerings
4) Smart decision making

LEARNING PAUSES:
Can you think of possible use of big data to reduce air pollution?
Ans: Using data analysis to more accurately source, model and mitigate air pollution is a key
strategy for combating climate change in urban environments. IBM has been helping Beijing to
combat its air pollution crisis using a data analysis platform called Green Horizons. It will use
machine learning to analyze previous weather forecasts, crunching data to determine how good
those predictions were in different scenarios, and then build better forecasting models over time.
Weather conditions have a direct effect upon how city residents experience the effects of air
pollution, from high temperatures increasing ground-level ozone concentrations to high winds
carrying industrial particulates into urban areas.

ETNO-Learning Diary (Session-4,5&6)

9.

ETNO FRAMEWORK

Use
Optimization
Innovation
Exploration
Assessment
10. WHY CLOUD?
1. To address information technology issues which companies faced issues during peak load
time as the investment to build infrastructure to tackle huge traffic was huge and the return
on investment was low as the added resources would sit idle during non-peak hours. Hence
optimization of resources was also an important factor.
2. To meet advancing business needs as the prerequisites of the clients are changing and they
would prefer not to see the intricacy included. Likewise the business needs to take IT
choices.
3. To investigate new business open doors as the economy into an API economy which
recommends how application programming interfaces can decidedly influence an
association gainfulness.

11. CLOUD COMPUTING

Cloud computing is a type of computing that relies on sharing computing resources rather
than having local servers or personal devices to handle applications. To do this, cloud
computing uses networks of large groups of servers typically running low-cost consumer PC

technology with specialized connections to spread data-processing chores across them. This
shared IT infrastructure contains large pools of systems that are linked together.

12. DELIVERY MODES

1. IAAS (Infrastructure as a service) like Amazon AWS, Rackspace etc.
In IAAS, a third-party provider hosts hardware, software, servers, storage and other
infrastructure components on behalf of its users.
2. PAAS (Platform as a service) like Google App, etc.
PAAS provides a platform allowing customers to develop, run, and manage web applications
without the complexity of building and maintaining the infrastructure typically associated
with developing and launching an app
3. SAAS (Software as a service) like Salesforce etc.
SAAS is a software licensing and delivery model in which software is licensed on a
subscription basis and is centrally hosted.

13. DEPLOYMENT MODES

Private cloud: The cloud infrastructure is operated solely for an organization. It may be
managed by the organization or a third party and may exist on premise or off premise.
Community cloud: The cloud infrastructure is shared by several organizations and supports
a specific community that has shared concerns (e.g., mission, security requirements, policy,
and compliance considerations). It may be managed by the organizations or a third party
and may exist on premise or off premise.
Public cloud: The cloud infrastructure is made available to the general public or a large
industry group and is owned by an organization selling cloud services.
Hybrid cloud: The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more clouds (private,
community, or public) that remain unique entities but are bound together by standardized
or proprietary technology that enables data and application portability.

14. ADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Cost Savings - With cloud computing, companies can save substantial capital costs with zero
in-house server storage and application requirements. The lack of on-premises
infrastructure also removes their associated operational costs in the form of power, air
conditioning and administration costs. They would have to pay for what is used and
disengage whenever they like - there is no invested IT capital to worry about.
Reliability - With a managed service platform, cloud computing is much more reliable and
consistent than in-house IT infrastructure. Organization can benefit from a massive pool of
redundant IT resources, as well as quick failover mechanism - if a server fails, hosted
applications and services can easily be transited to any of the available servers.
Manageability - Cloud computing provides enhanced and simplified IT management and
maintenance capabilities through central administration of resources, vendor managed

infrastructure and SLA backed agreements. IT infrastructure updates and maintenance are
eliminated, as all resources are maintained by the service provider
Strategic Edge - Ever-increasing computing resources gives companies a competitive edge
over competitors, as the time you require for IT procurement is virtually nil. Company can
deploy mission critical applications that deliver significant business benefits, without any
upfront costs and minimal provisioning time.

15. DISADVANTAGES OF CLOUD COMPUTING

Downtime - As cloud service providers take care of a number of clients each day, they can
become overwhelmed and may even come up against technical outages. This can lead to
business processes being temporarily suspended.
Security - Although cloud service providers implement the best security standards and
industry certifications, storing data and important files on external service providers always
opens up risks. Using cloud-powered technologies means you need to provide your service
provider with access to important business data.
Limited Control - Since the cloud infrastructure is entirely owned, managed and monitored
by the service provider, it transfers minimal control over to the customer. The customer can
only control and manage the applications, data and services operated on top of that, not the
backend infrastructure itself. Key administrative tasks such as server shell access, updating
and firmware management may not be passed to the customer or end user.

ARTICLE ON CLOUD COMPUTING

Selected Industry: Healthcare
Availability of data, irrespective of the location of the patient and the clinician, has become the key
to both patient satisfaction and improved clinical outcomes. Cloud technologies can significantly
facilitate this trend.
Cloud computing offers significant benefits to the healthcare sector: doctors clinics, hospitals, and
health clinics require quick access to computing and large storage facilities which are not provided
in the traditional settings. Moreover, healthcare data needs to be shared across various settings and
geographies which further burden the healthcare provider and the patient causing significant delay
in treatment and loss of time. Cloud caters to all these requirements thus providing the healthcare
organizations an incredible opportunity to improve services to their customers, the patients, to
share information more easily than ever before, and improve operational efficiency at the same
time.
Healthcare organizations continue to depend on computer systems that are extremely vulnerable to
data breaches caused by technology deficiencies, theft and insider misconduct. Cloud-computing
systems can be designed to be safer than traditional client-server systems against the prevailing
causes of healthcare data breaches

ETNO-Learning Diary (Session-1,2&3)

Class Discussion:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.

Importance of Technology
Impact of Technology in our life
Technology Management
Trends in Technology
Integrated global economy
Gartner Hype Cycle Methodology
Stages of IT growth.

To identify the trends that would impact on the future business we use
1. Trend analysis- the process of comparing business data over time to identify any
consistent results or trends. You can then develop a strategy to respond to these
trends in line with your business goals.
2. Trend monitoring-Trends viewed as particularly important may be carefully
monitoredwatched and reported regularly to key decision makers.
3. Trend projection- When numerical data are available, a trend can be plotted on
graph paper to show changes through time. If desired, the trend line can then be
extended or "projected" into the future on the basis of the recent rate of change.
Such a projection shows where the trend should be at some point in the future
assuming there is no shift in the rate of change.
4. Computer simulation- situation simulation using computer software
5. Historical analysis- analysis of data from past years.

These trends are as follows:

a. Ever Increasing population
b. Urbanization taking place at faster pace
c. Use of social media in making purchase decisions
d. Increased consumer demand for information about products
e. Consumers like services which are accessible and provide convenience

Reasons why organizations should do trend analysis:

1. More information intensive

2. Integrated global economy

3. Pace of technology innovation is increasing

IT stages of Growth:
1. Analog Stage
2. Web Stage
3. E-business Stage
4. Digital Marketing
5. Digital Business Stage
6. Autonomous

ARTICLE: INTERNET OF THINGS

Selected Industry: Healthcare
Three key points about Internet of Things are:
1. Continually expanding handling force of PCs
2. Idea of information peculiarity
3. Cloud innovation taking care of trillions of sensors
Impact of IOT on healthcare industry:
1. With the creation of wearable health groups, patients will dependably be checked and the
data about their wellbeing will dependably be investigated and prepared. In the event that
there is any inconsistencies found in the patient's wellbeing, the band will consequently
alarm the closest doctor's facility.
2. Doctor's facilities will be associated with a coordinated framework where in the rescue
vehicle will naturally be alarmed at whatever point the clinic gets data around a patient
through the patient's health band.
3. Again ambulances will be in steady touch with the movement observing framework which
will modify activity lights at whatever point an emergency vehicle achieves an activity
signal keeping in mind the end goal to diminish the voyaging time of the patient to the
closest doctor's facility.

GARTNER HYPE CYCLE METHODOLOGY:

Gives a view of how a technology or application will evolve over time, providing a sound
source of insight to manage its deployment within the enterprise.

Technology to help rural masses:

1. Advance Analytics with self-administration conveyance: As the rural masses are
fundamentally occupied with agricultural exercises, utilization of development
investigation with self-conveyance can help them to decrease the aggregate lead time of
their yields to showcase and thus can offer them some assistance with reducing wastage
and profit.
2. Smart Advisors: Again this innovation can help farmers to choose crops which would
give them most extreme benefits in light of interest, supply and accessibility
components