RSPCB - Textiles Case Study

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Environmental Guidance Manual

Sector: Textile Projects
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Contents
Chapter No. Title
Acknowledgements
Project Team
List of Tables
List of Annexures
About the Manual
Chapter 1
Page No.
iv
v
vi
vii
viii
Introduction
1.0 About Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board
1.1 About the Industrial Activity
1.2 Textile Industry in Rajasthan
1.3 Water Pollution Problems in Textile Industry
Chapter 2
1
2
3
4
Important Definitions
2.0 Important Definitions of the Environmental Acts
Chapter 3
Environmental Acts and Legal Requirements

3.0 Legal Requirements-Water Act
3.1 Legal RequirementsAir Act
3.2 Legal RequirementsHazardous Waste Rules
3.3 Requirements for Ground Water Extraction
3.4 Restrictions - Aravalli Range
3.5 Restrictions - Mount Abu Eco-Sensitive Zone
Chapter 4
10
11
12
12
13
14
Statutory Clearance Process

4.0 Consent to Establish
4.1 Consent to Operate
4.2 Hazardous Waste Authorization
4.3 Water Cess Returns and payment
Chapter 5
17
24
26
28
Environmental Aspects and Guidance
5.0 General
30
5.1 Unit Process in Textiles

5.2 Inputs to Various Processes
5.3 Dye Inputs
5.4 Out Puts of Processes and Waste Generation
5.5 Utilities
5.6 Wastewater generation Industry-Benchmarks
5.7 Environmental Norms
30
33
34
34
41
41
42
Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Environmental Guidance Manual Textiles Projects
ii
Chapter 6
Treatment Technologies
6.0 Conventional Treatment Systems and Limitations
6.1 Adsorption
6.2 Ion Exchange
6.3 Membrane Filtration
6.4 Evaporation
6.5 Crystallization
6.6 Cost Benefit Analysis A Case Study
6.7 CPCB Findings of the Case Study
6.8 Limitation of Advance Treatment Methods
6.9 Recommendations of CPCB for Effluent Management
In Textile industries
Chapter 7
44
44
44
45
46
46
46
48
49
49
Good Practices
7.0 Use of Alternative Dyes
7.1 Use of Alternative Pigments in Printing
7.2 Chemical Substitution
7.3 Cleaner Technologies & Processes
7.4 Chemical Recovery and Reuse Options
7.5 Water Conservation Measures
7.6 Energy Conservation Measures
7.7 Establishing a Waste Management Team
Chapter 8
51
52
52
54
55
55
56
56
Checklist
8.0 Checklist for CTE
8.1 Checklist for CTO & HWA
58
62
Annexures
67-101

iii
Acknowledgements
At the instance of Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board, the Administrative Staff College of
India undertook the preparation of Environmental Guidance Manual for Textile Projects. The
initiative of RSPCB in the preparation of sector specific guidance manual is in line with National
Environmental Policy 2006, which recommends code of practices for different category of
industries.
ASCI would like to thank the constant support extended by Dr. V.S. Singh, Chairperson and Dr.
Deep Narayan Pandey, Member Secretary of RSPCB. ASCI would like to thank Shri Anand Lal
Mathur, Chief Environmental Engineer for co-coordinating the project and for providing the
guidance whenever needed. ASCI also thank the Core Group and Shri A.K.Puri, Sr.E.E for their
valuable feedback.

iv
Project Team
Project Coordination Dr. Deep Narayan Pandey
Rajasthan State Pollution Control Member Secretary
Board
Mr. Anand Lal Mathur
Chief Environmental Engineer
Core Group - RSPCB
Mr. A. K. Puri, Sr.E.E

Mr. V.K. Singhal, S.E.E
Mr. R. K. Gaur, C.S.O
Mr. Pradeep Agarwal, In charge Mines,
Mr. Manoj Agarwal, L.O
Mr. Mahesh Rastogi, E.E
Sector Group Head - RSPCB Mr. A. K. Puri, Sr.E.E

Project Team - ASCI Prof. V.S. Chary
Dean of Research and Management Studies
Mr. P.V. Raju
Consultant
Mr. G. Bala Subramanyam
Advisor, Environment Area
Project Leader

Tables
Tables No.
Title
Table No. 1.1

Table No. 5.3
State-Wise Distribution of Textile Industries

Percentage of Unfixed Dye for Different Dye types and
Applications
Cotton Spinning Waste Water & Solid Waste
Wool Spinning - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Weaving Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Knitting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Non-woven Fabric Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Tufting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Finishing Industry (Wet Process) - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Capital Cost, Operation & Maintenance Cost of
Different Units
Usage of Alternative Dyes
Safer Alternatives for Suspected Pigments
Chemical Substituting Possible in Textile Processing
Table No. 5.4.1

Table No. 5.4.2
Table No. 5.4.3
Table No. 5.4.4
Table No. 5.4.5
Table No. 5.4.6
Table No. 5.4.7
Table No. 6.6
Table No. 7.0
Table No. 7.1
Table No. 7.2

Page No.
02
34
35
36
37
37
38
38
39
47
51
52
53
vi
Annexures
Annexure No.
Annexure No.1
Annexure No.2
Annexure No.3
Annexure No.4
Title
Page No.
Annexure No.14
Annexure No.15
Proforma of Affidavit for CTE/CTO

Consent To Establish Fee - Water Act
Consent To Establish Fee - Air Act
Areas as Identified by CGWA as- Safe Areas, Semi-Critical
Areas, Critical Areas & Over Exploited Areas
Sector Specific Environmental Standards
General Emission Standards
Standards for Small Boilers
National Ambient Air Quality Standards
Noise Ambient Air Quality Standards
Certification of Capital investment
Consent To Operate Water Act
Consent To Operate - Air act
Consent Fee Structure With Reference To Submission
Time Of CTO Application
Form V Environmental Statement
Format for Filing Annual Returns by the Occupier or
Operator Facility
90
Annexure No.16
Annexure No.17
Application for Obtaining Authorization of HW

Water Cess Returns
91
93
Annexure No:18
Annexure No.19
Water Cess Rate

CETP Inlet Standards
94
Annexure No.20
Annexure No.21
Annexure No.22
General Standards for Discharge of Effluents

Prohibition on the Handling of the Azodyes
Noise Limits for Generator Sets run with Diesel
Annexure No.5
Annexure No.6
Annexure No.7
Annexure No.8
Annexure No.9
Annexure No.10
Annexure No.11
Annexure No.12
Annexure No.13

68
70
71
72
76
78
79
80
82
83
84
85
86
87
95
96
98
100
vii
About the Manual

The objective of developing sector specific guidance manual for Textile Projects is to provide
clear and concise information to all the stakeholders i.e. project proponent, environmental
consultant, Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board officials and the public to have a better
understanding on the relevant environmental aspects in the initial stage itself. This manual
covers the legal requirements, clearance process, environmental standards and maintenance of
statutory records. The manual will also cover the environmental aspects due to textile projects.
The project proponent may use this manual to ensure that all the aspects of the environment
due to the project are addressed and adequate mitigation measures are planned in the
environmental management plan and he will be fully aware of the environmental process and
requirements. The consultants will have similar understanding of the sector and the procedures
involved, so that the quality of EMP reports will be improved. The reviewers across the board
may have same understanding about the sector and helps them in the process of review and
appraisal. Public who are concerned about textile projects, will have information about the
environmental aspects, standards, regulatory requirements etc., and have a better
understanding about the sector.
The preparation of sector specific guidance manual by Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board
is in line with National Environmental Policy 2006, which emphasizes on:
-
Formulate and periodically update, codes of good practices for environment for
different category of industries
Ensure faster decision making with greater transparency and access to information,
together with necessary capacity building
The manual is meant to serve as a guidance purpose only. Although every care has been taken
to avoid errors or omissions, we will not be responsible for any damage or loss to any person,
for the result of any action taken on the basis of this manual. Any discrepancy found may be
brought to the notice of the Board.In case of interpretation of any question related to law, the
provisions of the original law and the rules made thereunder with various government
directions/resolutions will have to be read and followed. In case of amendment to the original
Act/Rules/Notifications made thereunder, the provisions as amended from time to time shall
be applicable.

viii
CHAPTER 1
Introduction
1.0 About Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board
The Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board (RSPCB) is a statutory authority entrusted to
implement environmental laws & rules within the jurisdiction of the State of Rajasthan. The
Board ensures proper implementation of the statues, judicial and legislative pronouncements
related to environmental protection within the state. The Board was established in the year 1975
under the provisions of Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act 1974. Over the years,
RSPCB was entrusted with various responsibilities under different enactments made. Currently
RSPCB is responsible, completely or partially for the implementation of following Acts and
Rules:
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and Rules made there off
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and Rules made there off
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act 1977 and Rules made there off
The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991 and Rules made there off
The Environmental Protection Act, 1986 and Rules made there off
-
Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules

2008 as amended
Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989 as amended
Municipal Solid Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000
Bio Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998 as amended
Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation) Rules, 2000
The Batteries (Management and Handling) Rules, 2001
Fly Ash Notification as amended S.0. 2804(E) dated 3rd November 2009
Environmental Impact Assessment Notification, 2006 as amended
The Chemical Accidents (Emergency Planning, Preparedness and Response) Rules,
1996
The Recycled Plastic Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2011
The Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous Micro Organisms,
Genetically Engineered Organism or Cells Rules, 1989
Notification No. S.O. 319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 (Restricting certain activities in
special specified area of Aravalli Range)
Notification No. S.O. 1545 (E) dated 25th June 2009 declaring Mount Abu Eco
Sensitive Zone
The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000 as amended
E-waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011
1.1 About the Industrial Activity

Textiles are among the basic needs of human being. The textile industries therefore have great
economic significance by virtue of its contribution to overall industrial out put and employment
generation. This sector has wide spectrum of industries raging from small-scale units that use
traditional manufacturing process, to large integrated mills using modern machineries and
equipment. There are 2324 textile industries in the country including composite and process
houses. State-wise distribution of these units is given in Table 1.1
Table 1.1 State-wise distribution of textile industries
State/UT
Composite mills
Semi composite processing units
Andhra Pradesh
54
Assam
1
1
Bihar
4
Delhi
61
Gujarat
17
506
Haryana
1
74
Himachal Pradesh
4
Jammu & Kashmir
1
2
Karnataka
8
33
Kerala
3
11
Madhya Pradesh
3
9
Maharashtra
27
222
Orissa
1
1
Punjab
4
378
Rajasthan
2
30
Tamilnadu
2
739
Uttar Pradesh
4
76
West Bengal
8
32
Pondicherry
1
4
Total
83
2241
Total
54
2
4
61
523
75
4
3
41
14
12
249
2
382
32
741
80
40
5
2324
Source: Advance Methods for Treatment of Textile Industry Effluents, CPCB April 2007
Textile industries transform fibers into yarn; convert the yarn into fabrics or related products,
and dye and finish these materials at various stages of production. In processing of textiles, the
industry uses a number of dyes, chemicals, auxiliary chemicals and sizing materials. As a result,
contaminated wastewater is generated which can cause environmental problems unless
properly treated before its disposal. The wastewater treatment is mostly by primary and
secondary processes. However, these conventional treatment systems are not very effective in
removal of pollutants such as dissolved solids, colour, trace metals etc. The advance treatment
methods, while reducing these pollutants also give scope for recovery and recycling of water
and chemicals.

Important positions reckon by the Indian Textile Industry across globe are as given below:
Cotton
Silk
Second largest cotton and cellulose fibres producing country in the world
Second largest producer of silk and contributes about 18% to the total
world raw silk production
Wool
Third largest sheep population in the world, having 6.15 crores sheep,
producing 45 million kg of raw wool, and accounting for 3.1% of total
world wool production. Ranks 6th amongst clean wool producer countries
and 9th amongst greasy wool producers
Man-Made Fibres Fourth largest producer in synthetic fibres/yarns globally
Jute
Largest producer and second largest exporter of the jute goods
Source: Confederation of Indian Textile Industry www.citiindia.com
1.2 Textile Industry in Rajasthan

Textile is an important industry in Rajasthan, accounting for nearly 20 percent of the investment
made in the State. Rajasthan contributes over 7.5 percent of India's production of cotton and
blended yarn (235,000 tonnes in 2002-03) and over 5 percent of fabrics (60 million sq meters).
Rajasthan has leading position in spinning of polyester viscose yarn & synthetic suiting (at
Bhilwara) and processing, printing & dyeing of low cost, low weight fabric (at Pali, Balotra,
Sanganer and Bagru). Besides, Jaipur is also a well-known center for manufacturing garments
primarily for exports. Some knitting units are in process of setting up their ventures at
Neemrana.
Abundant availability of raw material, availability of trained labor and a network of backward
and forward linkages make Rajasthan an attractive location for textile industry.
Bhilwara emerged as one of the India's largest manufacturer of suiting, fabrics and yarn.
Rajasthan has leading position in spinning of polyester viscose yarn & synthetic suiting and
processing, printing & dyeing of low cost, low weight fabric (at Pali, Balotra, Sanganer and
Bagru). Besides, Jaipur is also a well-known center for manufacturing garments primarily for
exports. Sanganer town, district Jaipur is famous worldwide for its dyeing and printing
industries.
1.3 Water Pollution Problems in Textile Industry

Colour
Dissolved
Solids
Presence of color in the waste is one of the main problems in textile

industry. Color is easily visible to human eyes, even at very low
concentration. Hence, colour from textile wastes carries significant esthetic
importance. Most of the dyes are stable. They are also not easily degradable
by the conventional treatment methods. Removal of dyes from the effluent
is major problem in most of textile industries
Dissolved solids contained in the industry effluents are also a critical
parameter. Use of common salt and glauber salt etc. in the processes,

Toxic metals
Residual
chlorine
Others
directly increase total dissolve solids (TDS) level in the effluent. TDS are
difficult to be treated with conventional treatment systems. Disposal of high
TDS bearing effluents can lead to increase in TDS of ground water and
surface water. Dissolved solids in effluent may also be harmful to vegetation
and restrict its use for agricultural purpose
Wastewater of textiles is not free from metal contents. There are mainly two
sources of metals. Firstly, the metals may come as impurity with the
chemicals used during processing such as caustic soda, sodium carbonate
and salts. For instance, caustic soda may contain mercury if produced using
mercury cell processes. Secondly, the source of metal could be dye stuffs
like metalised mordent dyes. The metal complex dyes are mostly based on
chromium
The use of chlorine compounds in textile processing, residual chlorine is
found in the waste stream. The wastewater (if disposed without treatment)
depletes dissolved oxygen in the receiving water body and as such aquatic
life gets affected. Residual chlorine may also react with other compounds in
the wastewater stream to form toxic substances
Textile effluents are often contaminated with non-biodegradable organics
termed as refractory materials. Detergents are typical example of such
materials. The presence of these chemical results in high chemical demand
(COD) value of the effluent
Organic pollutants, which originate from organic compounds of dyestuffs,
acids, sizing materials, enzymes, tallow etc. are also found in textile effluent.
Such impurities are reflected in the analysis of bio-chemical oxygen demand
(BOD) and COD. These pollutants are controlled by use of biological
treatment processes. In many textile units, particularly engaged in synthetic
processing, low BOD/COD ratio of effluent is observed which makes even
biological treatment not a ready proposition
The wastewater of cotton based textile units is usually alkaline, whereas
synthetic and woolen fabric processing generates acidic effluent

CHAPTER 2
Important Definitions
2.0 Important Definitions of the Environmental Acts
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Section
Section 2 (d)
Key word
Occupier
Section 2 (dd)
Outlet
Section 2 (e)
Pollution
Section 2 (g)
Sewage effluent
Section 2 (gg)
Sewer
Section 2 (j)
Stream
Section 2 (k)
Trade effluent
Section 47 (2) (a)
Company
Section 47 (2) (b)
Director
Definition
In relation to any factory or premises, means the person who
has control over the affairs of the factory or the premises, and
includes, in relation to any substance, the person in
possession of the substance
Any conduit pipe or channel, open or closed, carrying
sewage or trade effluent or any other holding arrangement
which causes or is likely to cause pollution
Contamination of water or such alteration of the physical,
chemical or biological properties of water or such discharge
of any sewage or trade effluent or of any other liquid,
gaseous or solid substance into water (whether directly or
indirectly) as may, or is likely to, create a nuisance or render
such water harmful or injurious to public health or safety, or
to domestic, commercial, industrial, agricultural or other
legitimate uses, or to the life and health of animals or plants
or of aquatic organisms
Effluent from any sewerage system or sewage disposal
works and includes sullage from open drains
Any conduit pipe or channel, open or closed, carrying
sewage or trade effluent
Includes river, water course (whether flowing or for the time
being dry), inland water (whether natural or artificial), subterranean waters, sea or tidal waters to such extent or, as the
case may be, to such point as the state government may, by
notification in the official gazette specify in this behalf
Includes any liquid, gaseous or solid substance, which is
discharged from any premises used for carrying on any
industry, operation or process, or treatment and disposal
system, other than domestic sewage
Any body corporate, and includes a firm or other association
of individuals
In relation to a firm means a partner in the firm
The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Section 2 (a)
Air
pollutant
Section 2 (b)
Air
pollution
Approved
appliances
Section 2 (c)
Section 2 (d)
Section 2 (h)
Approved
fuel
Chimney
Section 2 (i)
Control
equipment
Section 2 (k)
Section 2 (j)
Industrial
plant
Emission
Section 2 (m)
Occupier
Section 40 (2) (a)
Company
Section 40 (2) (b)
Director
Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present

in the atmosphere in such concentration as may be or tend to be
injurious to human beings or other living creatures or plants or
property or environment
The presence in the atmosphere of any air pollutant
Any equipment or gadget used for the bringing of any
combustible material or for generating or consuming any fume,
gas of any particulate matter and approved by the State Board
Any fuel approved by the State Board for the purpose of the Act
Includes any structure with an opening or outlet from or through
which any air pollutant may be emitted
Any apparatus, device, equipment or system to control the
quality and manner of emission of any air pollutant and includes
any device used for securing the efficient operation of any
industrial plant
Any plant used for any industrial or trade purposes and emitting
any air pollutant into the atmosphere
Any solid or liquid or gaseous substance coming out of any
chimney, duct or flue or any other outlet
The person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the
premises, and includes, in relation to any substance, the person
in possession of the substance
Any body corporate, and includes a firm or other association of
individuals
The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977

Section 2 (a)
Local
Authority
Section 2 (c)
Industry
Section 15 (2) (a)
Company
Section 15 (2) (b)
Director
Municipal corporation or a municipal council (by whatever

name called) or a cantonment board or any other body,
entrusted with the duty of supplying the water under the law
by or under which it is constituted
Any operation or process, or treatment and disposal system,
which consumes water or gives rise to sewage effluent or
trade effluent, but does not include any hydel power unit
Any body corporate, and includes a firm or other association
of individuals

The Environmental Protection Act 1986

Section 2 (a)
Environment
Section 2 (b)
Environmental
pollutant
Section 2 (c)
Environmental
pollution
Handling
Section 2 (d)
Section 2 (e)
Hazardous
substance
Section 2 (f)
Occupier
Includes water, air, land and the inter-relationship, which

exists among and between water, air and land, and human
beings, other living creatures, plants, micro-organism and
property
Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance present in such
concentrations as may be, or tend to be, injurious to
environment
Presence in the environment of any environmental pollutant
Manufacture, processing, treatment, package, storage,
transportation, use, collection, destruction, conversion, offering
for sale, transfer or the like of such substance
Any substance or preparation which by reason of its chemical
or physico-chemical properties or handling, is liable to cause
harm to human beings, other living creatures, plant, microorganism, property or the environment
A person who has control over the affairs of the factory or the
premises and includes in relation to any substance, the person
in possession of the substance
The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 as amended
Rule 2 (e)
Hazardous
chemical
Rule 2 (h)
Industrial
activity
Rule 2 (i)
Isolated storage
Rule 2 (j)
Major accident
Any chemical which satisfies any of the criteria laid down

in Part I of Schedule 1 or listed in Column 2 of Part II of this
Schedule
Any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 2
Any chemical listed in Column 2 of Schedule 3
An operation or process carried out in an industrial
installation referred to in Schedule 4 involving or likely to
involve one or more hazardous chemicals and includes onsite storage or on-site transport which is associated with
that operation or process, as the case may be; or
Isolated storage; or
Pipeline
Means storage of a hazardous chemical, other than storage
associated with an installation on the same site specified in
Schedule 4 where that storage involves atleast the quantities of
that chemical set out in Schedule 2
Means an incident involving loss of life inside or outside the
installation, or ten or more injuries inside and/or one or more
injuries outside or release of toxic chemicals or explosion or fire
or spillage of hazardous chemicals resulting in on-site or offsite emergencies or damage to equipment leading to stoppage

Rule 2 (m)
Site
Rule 2 (n)
Threshold
quantity
of process or adverse affects to the environment

Means any location where hazardous chemicals are
manufactured or processed, stored, handled, used, disposed of
and includes the whole of an area under the control of an
occupier and includes pier, jetty or similar structure whether
floating or not
In the case of a hazardous chemical specified in Column 2
of Schedule 2, the quantity of that chemical specified in the
corresponding entry in Columns 3 and 4
In the case of a hazardous chemical specified in Column 2
of Part I of Schedule 3, the quantity of that chemical
specified in the corresponding entry in Columns 3 & 4 of
that part
In the case of substances of a class specified in Column 2 of
Part II of Schedule 3, the total quantity of all substances of
that class specified in the corresponding entry in Columns 3
and 4 of that part
The Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008
Rule 3 (l)
Hazardous
waste
Any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical,

reactive, toxic, flammable, explosive or corrosive characteristics
causes danger or is likely to cause danger to health or
environment, whether alone or when in contact with other
wastes or substances, and shall include
Waste specified under column (3) of Schedule-I
Wastes having constituents specified in Schedule-II if their
concentration is equal to or more than the limit indicated in
the said Schedule, and
Wastes specified in Part A or Part B of the Schedule-III in
respect of import or export of such wastes in accordance
with rules 12,13 and 14 or the wastes other than those
specified in Part A or Part B if they possess any of the
hazardous characteristics specified in Part C of that
Schedule
The Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001

Rule 3 (e)
Battery
Rule 3 (h)
Rule 3 (r)
Consumer
Used batteries
Lead acid battery which is a source of electrical energy and

used as lead metal
Person using lead batteries excluding bulk consumer
Used, damaged and old lead acid batteries or components
thereof

E- Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011

Rule 3
Rule 3 (e)
Rule 3 (f)
Rule 3 (h)
Rule 3 (i)
Rule 3 (j)
Rule 3 (k)
Rule 3 (l)
Rule 3 (p)
Rule 3 (q)
Rule 3
Rule 3 (v)
Bulk Consumer
Bulk users of electrical and electronic equipment such as

Central Government or State Government Departments, Public
Sector
undertaking
banks,
educational
institutions,
multinational organizations international agencies and private
companies that are registered under the Factories Act 1948 and
Companies Act, 1956
Collection
A center established individually or jointly or a registered
centers
society or designated agency or a company or an association to
collect e- waste
Consumer
Any person using electrical and electronic equipment
excluding the bulk consumers
Disposal
Any operation which does not lead to recycling, recovery or
reuse and includes physic- chemical or biological treatment,
incarnation and deposition in secured landfill
Environmentally Taking all steps required to ensure that e-waste are managed in
sound
a manner which shall protect health and environment against
management of any adverse effects which may result from hazardous
E-waste
substance contained in such wastes
Electrical
Equipment which is dependent on electrical currents or
electronic
electromagnetic fields to be fully functional
equipment
E -waste
Waste electrical and electronic equipment, whole or in part or
rejects from their manufacturing and repair process, which are
intended to be discarded
Extended
Responsibility of any producer of electrical/electronic
producer
equipment for their products beyond manufacturing until
responsibility
environmentally sound management of their end-of-life
Orphaned
Non branded or assembled electrical and electronic equipment
products
as specified in Schedule I or those produced by a company
which has closed its operation s or has stopped products
support
Producer
Any person who irrespective of selling technique used
i.
Manufactures and offers to sell electrical and electronic
under his own brand
ii. Offers to sell under his own brand, assembled electrical and
electronic equipment produced by other manufactures or
suppliers
iii. Offers to sell imported electrical and electronic equipment
Recycler
Any person who is engaged in recycling or reprocessing of
used electrical and electronic equipment or assemblies or their
components
Transporter
A person engaged in off-site transportation of e-waste

CHAPTER 3
Environmental Acts and Legal Requirements
3.0 Legal Requirements - Water Act
Section 25 (1)
Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall, without the

previous consent of the State Board:
Restrictions on
new outlets and a. Establish or take any steps to establish any industry, operation or
discharges
process, or any treatment and disposal system or an extension or addition
thereto, which is likely to discharge sewage or trade effluent into a stream
or well or sewer or on land (such discharge being hereafter in this section
referred to as discharge of sewage); or
b. Bring into use any new or altered outlets for the discharge of sewage; or
c. Begin to make any new discharge of sewage
Section 44
Whoever contravenes the provision of section 25 shall be punishable with
Penalty of
imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than two years but which
contravention of may extend to six years and with fine
section 25
Section 31 (1)
If at any place where any industry, operation or process, or any treatment
and disposal system or any extension or addition there to is being carried
Furnishing
of on due to accident or other unforeseen act or event, any poisonous, noxious
information
to or polluting matter is being discharged, or likely to be discharged into the
State Board and stream or well or sewer or on land and as a result of such discharge, the
other agencies in water in any stream or well is being polluted or is likely to be polluted then
certain cases
the person incharge of such place shall forthwith intimate the occurrence of
such accident, act or event to the board and such other authorities or
agencies as may be prescribed.
Section 48
Where an offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of
Government, the Head of the Department shall be deemed to be guilty of
Offences by
the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded against and punished
Government
accordingly:
Departments
Provided that nothing contained in this section shall render such Head of
the Department liable to any punishment if he proves that the offence was
committed without his knowledge or that he exercised all due diligence to
prevent the commission of such offence
Section 42(G)
For the purpose of obtaining any consent under section 25 or section 26,
knowingly or willfully makes a statement which is false in any material
Penalty for
particular, shall be punishable with imprisonment for a term which may
Certain Acts
extend to three months or with fine which may extend to or with both
3.1 Legal Requirements Air Act

Section 21 (1)
Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall, without the

previous consent of the State Board, establish or operate any
Restrictions on industrial plant in an air pollution control area
use of certain
industrial plants
Section 37 (1)
Whoever fails to comply with the provisions of section 21, be
punishable with imprisonment for a term which shall not be less than
Penalty
of one year and six months but which may extend to six years and with
contravention of fine
Section 21
Section 23(1)
Where in any area the emissions of any air pollutants into the
atmosphere in excess of the standards laid down by the State board
Furnishing of
occurs or in apprehended to occur due to accident or other
information to
unforeseen act or event, the person incharge of the premises from
State Board and
where which emission occurs or is apprehended to occur shall
other agencies in forthwith intimate the fact of such occurrence or apprehension of
certain cases
such occurrence to the State Board and to such authorities or agencies
as may be prescribed
Section 41
1.Where an offence under this Act has been committed by any
Department of Government, the Head of the Department shall be
deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be liable to be proceeded
Offences by
Government
against and punished accordingly
Department
Provided that nothing contained in this section shall render such
Head of the Department liable to any punishment if he proves that
the offence was committed without his knowledge or that he
exercised all due diligence to prevent the commission of such offence
Section 38 (G)
Penalties for
Certain Acts
2.Not withstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), Where an

offence under this Act has been committed by any Department of
Government and it is proved that the offence has been committed
with the consent or connivance of, or is attributable to any neglect on
the part of, any officer, other than Head of the Department, such
officer shall also be deemed to be guilty of the offence and shall be
liable to be proceeded against and punished accordingly
For the purpose of obtaining any consent under section 21, makes a
statement which is false in any material particular shall be punishable
with imprisonment for a term which may extend to three months or
with fine which may extend to or with both

11
3.2 Legal Requirements Hazardous Waste Rules

Rule 5 (1)
Grant of
authorization for
handling
hazardous
wastes
Rule 20 (3)
Every person who is engaged in generation, processing, treatment,

package, storage, transportation, use, collection, destruction,
conversion, offering for sale, transfer or like of the hazardous waste
shall require to obtain an authorization from to the State Pollution
Control Board for authorization
In case of transport of hazardous waste for final disposal to a facility

for treatment storage and disposal existing in a State other than the
Transportation
State where the hazardous waste is generated, the occupier shall
of
Hazardous obtain
Waste
Rule 20 (4)
In case of transportation of hazardous wastes through a State other
than the State of origin or destination, the occupier shall intimate the
concerned State Pollution Control Boards before he hands over the
Transportation
of
Hazardous hazardous waste to the transporter
Waste
3.3 Requirements for Ground Water Extraction
Keeping in view of the requirements stated in the Policy guidelines for clearance of ground
water abstraction for various uses issued by the Central Ground Water Authority, Ministry of
Water Resources, GoI vide their letter dated 14.10.2009, the following guidelines regarding the
requirement of NOC from CGWA for abstraction of ground water by any infrastructure project
(proposed/existing) are being followed:
S. No
Guidelines
1.
NOC from CGWA shall not be required for abstraction of ground water in the
following cases:
In case of over-exploited areas abstraction < 25m3/day
In case of critical areas abstraction < 50 m3/day
In case of semi critical areas abstraction < 100 m3/day
2.
Industry/infrastructure project (proposed/existing) located in safe category
areas, are required to obtain NOC from CGWA if ground water abstraction
exceeds 1000 m3/day for hard rock areas and 2000 m3/day for alluvial areas
3.
A copy of consent letter will be endorsed to Regional Director, Central Ground
Water Board (WR), 6A, Jhalana Institutional Area, Jaipur for their information
and necessary action by RSPCB
Please refer RPCB Circular dated 08.01.2010 for further information
12
3.4 Restrictions - Aravalli Range

The MoEF, GoI had stipulated restrictions on certain activities in specified area of Aravalli
Range vide Notification No. S.O. 319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 and as amended. As per the
Notification the Central Government prohibits the carrying on the following processes and
operations, except with its prior permission, in the specified area.
Processes
and Location of new industry including expansion/modernization
activities which A. All new mining operations including renewals of mining lease
require
prior
B. Existing mining leases in sanctuaries/national park and areas covered
permission
under Project Tiger and/or
C. Mining is being done without permission of the competent authority
Cutting of trees
Construction of any clusters of dwelling units, farms houses, sheds,
community centers, information centers and any other activity connected
with such construction (including roads a part of any infrastructure
relating thereto)
Electrification (laying of new transmission lines)
Areas
covered All reserved forests, protected forests or any other area shown as forest in
under
the
the land records maintained by the State Government as on the date of this
Notification
notification in relation to Gurgaon District of the State of Haryana and the
Alwar District of the State of Rajasthan
All areas shown as
a. Gair Mumkin Pahar, or
b. Gair Mumkin Rada, or
c. Gair Mumkin Behed, or
d. Banjad Beed, or
e. Rundh
In the land records maintained by the State Government as on the date of this
notification in relation to Gurgaon district of the State of Haryana and the
Alwar district of the State of Rajasthan
All areas covered by notifications issued under Section 4 and 5 of the
Punjab Land Preservation Act, 1900, as applicable to the State of Haryana
in the district of Gurgaon up to the date of this notification
All areas of Sariska National Park and Sariska Sanctuary notified under the
Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972)
Clearance
Any person desirous of undertaking any of the activities mentioned in the
process
Notification No. 319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 shall submit an application to the
Secretary, Department of Environment of the Government of
Haryana/Rajasthan, as the case may be. The applicant shall also furnish
environment impact statement and an environment management plan and
such other information as may be prescribed by such State Governments. The
application after due scrutiny shall be placed before the Expert Committee for
its recommendations. Based on the recommendations of the Expert
Committee, the Department of Environment in the State Government
13
Monitoring
mechanism
concerned shall take a final decision and convey the same to the applicant
within the three months from the date of receipt of application or when further
information has been asked for from the applicant within three moths from the
date of receipt of such information
Monitoring Committee, under the Chairmanship of District Collector
concerned (Gurgaon in Haryana and Alwar in Rajasthan) shall inter alia
monitor the compliance of the conditions stipulated while according
Environmental Clearance by State Government
The District collectors of Gurgaon in Haryana and Alwar in Rajasthan shall be

authorized by the respective State Governments to take necessary action under
section 5 of the said Act in respect of cases where the project proponents fail to
implement the conditions
Appeal
The MoEF retains appellate power against rejection of any proposal and the
provision
National Environmental Appellate Authority constituted under the National
Environment Appellate Authority Act, 1997 (22 of 1997) shall continue as an
Appellate Authority against approval
Refer Notification No. S.O.319 (E) dated 7th May 1992 and S.O. 1189 (E) dated 29th November 1999
(restricting certain activities in special specific area of Aravalli Range) for complete details
3.5 Restrictions - Mount Abu Eco Sensitive Zone

Mount Abu area has significant ecological importance comprising of tropical dry deciduous
forests at lower altitude and evergreen forests at higher altitude and the flora and fauna of the
region comprise of several endemic and rare species; besides Mount Abu has natural heritage
such as Nakki Lake and man-made heritage like Dilwara temples and other heritage buildings
and structures. To conserve and protect the area from ecological and environmental point of
view, the MoEF had issued Notification No. S.O. 1545 dated 25th June 2009 regulating certain
activities in the eco-sensitive zone
Boundaries of
the ecosensitive zone
a. The said eco-sensitive zone is situated in the southern area of Rajasthan in

Sirohi District between 240 3342 and 240 39 00 North latitude and between 720
41 36 and 720 48 06 East longitude and the configuration of land is hilly and
rugged with high altitudinal variation ranging from 300 meter to 1727 meter.
Gurushikar, the highest peak of the Aravalli, is the highest peak between the
Himalayas and the Nilgiris. The boundaries of the said eco-sensitive zone
comprise
North
South
East
West
- Southern boundary of Abu Forest Block No.3

- Northern Boundary of Abu Forest Block No. 1
- Western and Southern Boundary of Abu Forest Block No.2
- Eastern boundary of Abu Forest Block No. 3
b. The Eco-sensitive zone covers the entire area of Notified Urban Area Limit,
including Mount Abu Municipal Limits adjoining Forest Block Areas
14
c. The list of the villages in the eco-sensitive zone Sanigaon, Machgaon,

Goagaon, Delwara, Oriya, Jawal, Achalgarh, Salgaon, Torna, Dudhai, Hetamji,
Ama
Regulated
Activities
Industrial
units
Quarrying
and mining
Trees
d. All activities in the Forest Block Areas (both within and outside Municipal
Areas) shall be governed by the provisions of the Rajasthan Forest Act, 1953 and
the Forests (Conservation) Act, 1980 (69 of 1980) and all the activities in the
Protected Areas (Sanctuary) shall be governed by the provisions of the Wildlife
(Protection) Act, 1972 (53 of 1972)
Zonal Master Plan
Pending the preparation of the Zonal Master Plan for Eco-sensitive zone and
approval thereof by the Central Government in the MoEF, there shall be no
increase in the existing parameters of permissible floor area ratio, permissible
ground coverage, maximum number of floors and maximum height and all new
constructions shall be allowed only after the proposals are scrutinized and
approved by Monitoring Committee and all other development activities
including additions, alterations, demolitions, repairs, renovations and
restorations of buildings shall require prior approval of the Monitoring
Committee provided that these do not involve structural changes and are on the
existing authorized plinth areas in the Mount Abu Municipal Limits and there
shall be no consequential reduction in Tribal area, Forest area, Green area and
Agricultural area
Only non-polluting, non-hazardous cottage industries like ice cream,
hosiery, embroidery or ready made garments, sewing works, ayurvedic
drugs, etc. situated in the villages in the Notified area and service industries,
agriculture, floriculture, horticulture or agro-based industries producing
products from Mount Abu shall be permitted as per the guidelines drawn by
the Government of Rajasthan
Structure connected with small agro-based industries activities related to the
needs of the local village economy and processing or storage of local agrobased products may be allowed subject to the usual non Agricultural
permission requirements and a maximum of 1/8th of the plot areas being
built up
The quarrying and mining activities shall be restricted in the Eco-sensitive
zone
The monitoring committee shall have the authority to grant special
permission for limited quarrying of materials required for the construction of
local residential housing and traditional road making and maintenance work
in Mount Abu, based on site evaluation
No quarrying shall be permitted on steep hill slopes with a gradient of 20
degrees or more or areas with a high degree of erosion, or on forestland
There shall be no felling of trees whether on Forest, Government, Revenue or
Private lands within the Eco-sensitive zone without the prior permission of the
State Government in case of forest land and the respective District Collector in
case of Government, Revenue and Private land as per the procedure which shall

15
Water
Development
on
and
protection of
hill slopes
Discharge of
sewage and
effluents
Monitoring
Committee
be laid down by the State Government

All future and existing buildings, where possible, in the Municipal Are shall
provide roof-top rain water harvesting structures with plinth area and the
Institutional and commercial buildings shall not draw water from existing
water supply schemes in a manner that adversely affects water supply
especially to local villages or settlements
In Non-Municipal Areas rain water harvesting shall be undertaken through
such structures as percolation tanks and storage tanks and only other means.
Ground water aquifer recharge structures shall be constructed wherever
such structures do not lead to slope instabilities
The extraction of ground water shall be permitted only for the bona-fide
agricultural and domestic consumption of the occupier of the ply and the
extraction of ground water for industrial or commercial or residential estates
or complexes shall require prior written permission, including of the amount
that can be extracted, from the State Ground Water Department. However,
the areas rich in ground water may not be delivered for construction
activities
The zonal Master Plan shall indicate areas of hill slopes where development
shall not be permitted
No development shall be undertaken in areas having a steep slope or areas
which fall in fault or hazard zones or areas falling on the spring lines and
first order streams or slopes with a high degree of erosion as identified by
the State Government on the basis of available scientific evidence
No development on existing steep hill slopes or slopes with a high degree of
erosion shall be permitted
No untreated sewage or effluent shall be permitted to be discharged into any
water body or forests within the eco-sensitive zone and the local authority shall
provide proper drainage and treatment system for collection, treatment and
disposal of untreated/and treated effluent in accordance with the provisions of
the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. Moreover, the treated
sewage and treated effluent shall be disposed only at or into a point(s) identified
and approved by the local authorities and the Monitoring Committee
Under the provisions of sub-section (3) of Section 3 of the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of 1986), the Central Government shall constitute a
committee to be called the Monitoring Committee to monitor the compliance
of the provisions of this notification
In case of activities requiring prior permission on environmental In

clearance, such activities shall be referred to the State Level Environmental
Impact Assessment Authority, which shall be the Competent Authority for
grant of such clearances
Refer Notification No.S.O1545 (E) dated 25th June 2009 declaring Mount Abu Eco Sensitive Zone for
complete details

16
CHAPTER 4
Statutory Clearance Process
4.0 Consent To Establish (CTE)

The CTE process adopted by RSPCB is explained below in the form of Q & A to facilitate better
understanding for the project proponent as well as other stakeholders.
01.
In which category GSR 73 dated 10.12.2010 of DoE, Government of Rajasthan
textile processing industry
Appendix A category
falls?
S.No.18
S.NO. 63
S.No.77
Man made fiber manufacturing (Rayon &

Others)
Yarn and textile processing involving
scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing or any
effluent / emission generating process other
than small and tiny scale unit located at
isolated places other than cluster areas
Wool scouring units other than small and
tiny units
Appendix B category
S. No 36
S.No 43
S. No 44
S. No 45
Wool scouring (Small & Tiny scale units)

Yarn and textile manufacturing /processing
not involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing,
printing or any effluents /emission
generating
processing
including
spinning/Weaving Units
scouring bleaching, dyeing, printings or any
effluent / emission generating processes and
located at isolated places i.e. Other than
cluster areas (Small and tiny units)
Carpet processing units
RSPCB office order No. F.14 (57) Policy / RSPCB/ Plg/ 9219 9259 dated
21.12.2010
Red category
S.No.19
S.No. 70
S.No.85
Orange category
S.No 3
S.No. 4
Man made fiber manufacturing (Rayon &

Others)
scouring, bleaching, dyeing, printing or any
effluent / emission generating process
Wool scouring units
Yarn and textile manufacturing /processing

not involving scouring, bleaching, dyeing,
printing or any effluent /emission generating
process including spinning/weaving unit
Carpet processing units
Green Category
All those industries / project processes which are not covered under red
or orange category and are discharging waste water and / or air emissions
will be covered under green category
Note
For the small /tiny scale industries, which are covered under Green
category and are discharging waste water and /or air emissions which
do not require any treatment to conform the discharge /emission
standards prescribed by the State Board, the acknowledgement of the
receipt of the complete application by the State Board shall serve the
purpose of grant of consent for the period of remittance of notified
consent fees and till such time that the unit modifies /changes its
process. Provided that the State Board may conduct random checks or
all for information from any small scale unit and make a formal
consent order prescribing condition etc,. as requires
The classification of industries in large/medium /small/tiny scale
shall be as notified by the Industry Department
02.
What
are
the The project proponent shall apply in the prescribed CTE application form
documents required for along with requisite enclosures. It can be downloaded from RSPCB web
submission?
also (www.rpcb.nic.in)
Requisite consent to establish fee as prescribed under the Rajasthan

Air (P&CP) Rules, 1983 and / or Rajasthan Water (P&CP) Rules, 1975
Declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper duly attested by
notary public (Annexure - 1)
Project report of proposed plant including all costs duly attested by

18
Chartered Accountant
Environmental Management Plan broadly with capacities
environmental aspects on land, water, air, noise and solid waste
generation / mitigation measures to comply the norms
Ownership documents for land / lease deed
Land conversion letter / land allotment letter or permission from local
body
Layout plan showing the location of plant and machinery and the
green belt giving to the scale dimensions and also specifying the width
of green belt
Location plan of proposed site showing distance from road and
nearest abadi
Copy of Partnership deed / MOU & Article of Association as the case
may be
Action plan for green belt development
NOC of CGWA, as per applicability
Document confirming the authorization of signatory of the application
form and enclosures
Note: The application form and enclosures must be submitted in triplicate
to the competent authority.
03. What is the fee to be CTE fee is to be paid along with CTE application as notified by the DoE,
submitted?
Government of Rajasthan vide Notification dated 10th December 2010.
Please visit www.rpcb.nic.in for notification. CTE fee structure is given in
Annexure 2 & 3
04. What is the mode of

payment of CTE fee?
05. Where to submit the

CTE application
06. Is there any provision

to apply CTE application
on-line?
All projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW

(MH&TM) Rules 2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the
application for consent shall be accompanied with fee equal to one and
half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than
th HW covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules
2008 if the quantity of waste /used /spent oil is < 5 KL per annum
Instrument
Demand Draft
Infavour of
Member Secretary, Rajasthan State
Pollution Control Board payable
at respective Regional Office /
Head Office
The application along with requisite documents shall be submitted either
at the concerned Regional Office of the Board or at Head Office, Jaipur.
However, where the competent authority to grant consent to establish is
the Regional Officer, the consent application should be submitted to the
respective Regional Officer.
The Board is in the process of upgrading the systems to accept the
applications on line. For details visit RSPCB web site.

19
07. What are the areas as

identified by CGWA as
safe areas, semi critical
areas, critical areas & over
exploited areas?
08.Whether environmental
clearance
under
EIA
Notification
2006
is
required
for
textile
industries?
09. Whether conversion of
land, wherever required, is
a pre requisite to submit
CTE application?
10.
Whether
CETP
membership is a prerequisite?
11 Who is the authority to
accord the CTE?
The details are given in Annexure 4
Not required
Yes, if the industry is proposed in non industrial area
Yes, if the industries proposes to send the effluent to CETP.

The CETP covered areas are Pali, Jodhpur, Balotra, Bithuja and Jaisol
Regional Officer
Small and tiny scale wool scouring units
Head Office
All other projects not covered above
All projects covered under Aravalli Notification, 1992
In case any application is refused at the Regional Office Level, the decision
on the application submitted subsequently by the unit shall be taken by at
Head Office level
(No. F.14(57) Policy/RSPCB/Plg/9260/9300 dated 21.12.2010)
12 What is the maximum Statutory time limit

time period to process the
CTE application?
Section 25(7) of Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended: Four months on
submission of application, complete in all aspects
Section 21(4) of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981 as amended: Four months after
receipt of the application
Administrative time limits of RPCB
Red category projects
Orange category projects
Green category projects

6 weeks
4 weeks
4 weeks
20
13. Is there any deemed YES.

provision?
Section 25 (7) of the Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended:
Deemed to have been given unconditionally on the expiry of four months
of making of an application complete in all respects to the Board
14. What is the mode of
communication
of
the
Hard copy
By Registered Post with Ack. Due
approval / rejection order
Down loads
From RSPCB web
of CTE?
15. Is there any appeal Section 28 (1) of Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended:
mechanism?
Any person aggrieved by the order made by the State Board under section
25, 26 and 27 may within 30 days from the date on which is communicated
to him, prefer an appeal before Appellate Authority constituted by the
State Government.
The appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the
said period of thirty days, if such authority is satisfied that the appellant
was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time
Section 31 (1) of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981 as amended:
Any person aggrieved by an order made by the State Board under this Act
may, within thirty day from the date on which the order is communicated
to him, prefer an appeal to Appellate Authority constituted by the State
Government
16. Whether the CTE

obtained from the board
can be transferred to any
other person?
17. What is the validity

period for CTE?
18. Are there any sector
specific standards notified
for Textile units?
The appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of the
said period of thirty days if such authority is satisfied that the appellant
was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time
Where a person to whom consent has been granted by the State Board,
transfers his interest in the industry to other person, such consent shall be
deemed to have been granted to such other person and he shall be bound
to comply with all the conditions subject to which it was granted as if the
consent was granted to him originally. Such changes shall be notified to
the Board by the project proponent
CTE will be valid for a period of three years or till the commissioning of
the unit, which ever is earlier (RSPCB Office order dated. 10.08.2001)
Notification No. G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003.
Schedule I:
S.No 1 Standards for Man- Made Fabrics (Synthetic)
S.No 6 Standards for Cotton Textile Industries (composite and
processing)
S.No. 7 - Standards for Composite Woolen Mills
(Annexure 5)

21
19. Are there are any Notification No. 371(E) dated 27.05.2002 - E (P) Act, 1986:
specific noise standards
Noise limit for Diesel Generator Sets (up to 1000 KVA) manufacture on
applicable to D.G. Sets?
or after the 1st July, 2003
The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel

generator (DG) sets with rated capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured
on or after the 1st July, 2003 shall be 75 dB (A) at 1 meter from the
enclosure surface
The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic
enclosure at the manufacturing stage itself
Noise limit for DG sets not covered above
Noise from the DG set should be controlled by providing an acoustic

enclosure on by treating the room acoustically, at the users end
The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be
designed for minimum 25 dB (A). Insertion Loss or for meeting the
ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher side (if the actual
ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the
performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such
circumstances the performance may be checked for noise reduction up
to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in the nighttime. The
measurement for Insertion Loss may be done at different points at
0.5m from the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged
The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with
Insertion Loss of minimum 25 dB (A)
Requirement of certification
Every manufacturer or importer of DG set to which these regulations
apply must have valid certificates of type approval and also valid
certificates of conformity of production for each year, for all the product
models being manufactured or imported from 1st July 2003 with the noise
limit specified in the Notification.
The conformance label must contain the following information
a. Name and address of the supplier (if the address is described in the
owners manual, it may not be included in the label)
b. Statement This product confirms to the Environment (Protection)
Rules, 1986
c. Noise limit viz. 75 dB (A) at 1m
d. Type approval certificate number
e. Date of manufacture of the product
22
20. Is there any guideline to The CPCB had evolved the minimum height of the stack to be provided to
calculate the minimum the DG set and published in Emission Regulations Part IV:
requirement of the stack of COINDS/26/1986-87.
D.G set?
H= h+0.2 x KVA
H
h
KV
A
Total height of stack in meter

Height of the building in meters where the
generator set is installed
Total generator capacity of the set in KVA
Based on the above formula the minimum stack height to be provided

with different range of generator sets may be categorized as follows:
For generator Sets
Total height of stack in meter
50 KVA
Ht. of the building +1.5 meter
50-100 KVA
100-150 KVA
150-200 KVA
200-250 KVA
250-300 KVA
21. Are there any emission S.O.844 (E) dated 19.11.1986 as amended G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003 &
standards notified?
G.S.R 801(E) dated 31.12.1993
Schedule VI: Part D - General emission standards
(Annexure 6)
Schedule I:
S.No34 - Standards for small boilers (Annexure 7)
22. Is there any standards

notified for ambient air
quality?
23.
Where
shall
the
ambient noise levels be
monitored for compliance?
MoEF, GoI notified National Ambient Air Quality Standards dated 16th
November 2009 (Annexure 8)
The ambient air quality standards in respect of noise as notified under E
(P) Act, 1986 shall be monitored at the boundary of the project for
compliance (Annexure 9)

23
4.1 Consent To Operate (CTO)

01.
What
is
the
procedure to apply for
Consent To Operate
(first time)?
Filled in CTO application form (Visit www.rpcb.nic.in)

Investment certificate issued by Chartered Accountant
Annexure -10
Requisite CTO fee prescribed under the Rajasthan Air (P&CP)
Rules, 1983 and / or Rajasthan Water (P&CP) Rules, 1975 (as per
notification dated 10.12.2010) Annexure 11 & 12 (CTO fee
structure with reference to submission time of CTO application (Annexure 13)
Declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper (Annexure 1)
Report of compliance of conditions of Consent To Establish
Copies of the requisite documents which are required to be
submitted along with CTE application, if not submitted earlier
Status of development of greenbelt number of plants planted,
area covered and area yet to be covered
NOC from CGWA as per applicability, if not submitted earlier
CETP membership, if applicable
TSDF membership if applicable
Document confirming the authorization of signatory of the
application form and enclosures
Note: The application form and enclosures shall be submitted in
triplicate
02.
What
is
the The application in the prescribed form along with the following
procedure to apply for documents shall be submitted:
Consent To Operate
(renewal)?
Requisite consent fee prescribed under the Rajasthan Air (P&CP)
Rules, 1983 and / or Rajasthan Water (P&CP) Rules, 1975 (as per
notification dated 10.12.2010) Annexure 11 & 12 (CTO fee
structure with reference to submission time of CTO application Annexure 13)
Requisite declaration on Rs. 10/- non-judicial stamp paper
(Annexure 1)
Report of compliance of conditions of Consent To Operate
Investment certificate issued by Charted Accountant (Annexure
10)
Copy of the periodical reports
Status of development of green belt number of plants, number of
plants surviving, area already covered etc.
Copy of the Environmental Statement Form V (Annexure 14)
Copy of the HW annual returns Form 4 (Annexure 15), if
applicable
Document confirming the authorization of the signatory of the
application and enclosures
24
03. Who should submit

the application for
consent and reply to
the notices etc?
Note: The application form with enclosures shall be submitted in

triplicate
The application for consent and reply to notices etc., shall be
furnished by owner (including lawfully empowered attorney for
such purpose) of the industry. Where the owner of the industry is a
juristic person (company, firm, association etc.,) the applications must
be filed/information must be furnished under the seal and signature
of a person authorized for such purpose and the document
confirming the authorization shall be attached
Regional Officer
04.
Who
is
the
authority to accord the
CTO?
Small and tiny scale wool scouring units
Head Office
All other projects not covered above

All projects covered under Aravalli Notification, 1992
In case any application is refused at the Regional Office Level, the
decision on the application submitted subsequently by the unit shall
be taken by at Head Office level
(No. F.14 (57) Policy/RSPCB/Plg/9260/9300 dated 21.12.2010)
05.
What
is
the Statutory time limit:
maximum time period
to process the CTO Section 25(7) of Water (P&CP) Act, 1974 as amended: Four months on
application?
submission of application, complete in all aspects
Section 21(4) of Air (P&CP) Act, 1981 as amended: Four months after
receipt of the application
Administrative time limits of RPCB:
Red category projects
Orange category projects
Other category projects
06. What is the validity
period for CTO?
6 weeks
4 weeks
4 weeks
Appendix A projects
3 years
Appendix B projects
5years
Other projects
10years
Provided fee amount is paid for entire period
G.S.R 73 dated 10th December, 2010 DoE, Govt of
Rajasthan

25
4.2 Hazardous Wastes Authorization

01. Whether Textile
processing
units
required applying for
Hazardous
Waste
Authorization?
Yes. As per Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and transboundary movement) Rules, 2008 as amended, the following
categories of wastes comes under the category of hazardous wastes
(Refer schedule I)
S No
05.
24.
26.
Processes
Industrial operations
using
mineral/synthetic oil
as
lubricant
in
hydraulic systems or
other applications
Production of canvas
and textiles
Production
or
industrial
use
of
synthetic dyes, dyeintermediates
and
pigments
33.
Disposal of barrels/
containers used for
handling of hazardous
wastes/chemicals
34.
Purification
and
treatment of exhaust
air, water & waste
water
from
the
processes
in
this
schedule and common
industrial
effluent
treatment
plants
(CETPs)
Hazardous Waste
5.1 Used/spent oil
5.2 Wastes/residues containing
oils
24.1 Chemical residues

26.1 Process waste sludge
/residues containing acid or
other toxic metals or organic
complexes
26.2 Dust from air filtration
system
33.1
Chemical-containing
residue
arising
from
decontamination
33.2 Sludge from treatment of
waste water arising out of
cleaning / disposal of barrels/
containers
33.3
Discarded
containers/
barrels /liners contaminated
with
hazardous
wastes/
chemicals
34.1 Flue gas cleaning residue
34.2 Spent ion exchange resin
containing toxic metals
34.3 Chemical sludge from
waste water treatment
34.4 Oil and grease skimming
residues
34.5 Chromium sludge from
cooling water
02.
What
is
the The application (Annexure 16) in the prescribed form along with the
procedure to apply for following documents shall be submitted. The Board is in the process
26
Authorization
for of coming up with combined CTO & HWA application. Please visit
Hazardous Waste (first RSPCB web site for updated format.
time)?
(Annexure 1)
Report of compliance of conditions of consent to establish in
tabular form (if applied for the first time)
Report of compliance of HW authorization conditions (in case of
renewal)
Details method of pre-treatment (if any) and disposal of wastes
Details of storage facilities provided to store the hazardous waste
TSDF membership, if applicable
Copies of the following documents, if not submitted earlier:
Ownership document for land/lease deed
Copy of partnership deed/MoU & Article of Association as the
case may be
Site layout plan of plant & area earmarked for storage of
hazardous wastes
Monitoring reports of soils, ground water and ambient air
around the hazardous wastes storage area
03. Where to submit the At Head Office or at concerned Regional Office. However, where the
application?
competent authority to grant consent to establish is the Regional
Officer, the consent application should be submitted to the
respective Regional Officer.
04.
What
is
the Statutory time limit:
maximum time period
to
process
the Rule 5(4) & 5(5) of HW (M, H&TM) Rules, 2008, the completely
authorization
filled up application will be processed within 120 days from the date
application?
of receipt of application
05. What is the validity Rule 5(4) - Valid for five
years and shall be subject to such
period
for conditions as may be laid therein
authorization?
06. How to apply for The application (Annexure 16) in the prescribed form along with
renewal
of the following documents shall be submitted.
authorization?
(Annexure 1)
Report of compliance of conditions of earlier authorization
Details method of pre-treatment (if any) and disposal of wastes
Details of storage facilities provided to store the hazardous waste
Membership from TSDF
Copy of Form 4 (annual returns) for all the preceding 3/ 5 years
Waste minimization measures adopted
07. Is there any appeal Rule 26 HW (M,H&TM) Rules, 2008
provision?
27
Any person aggrieved by an order of suspension, or cancellation, or

refusal of authorization or its renewal passed by the state pollution
control Board, may, within a period of 30 days from the date on
which such order is communicated to him, prefer an appeal in Form
15 to the appellate authority comprising of the Environment
Secretary of the State
The appellate authority may entertain the appeal after the expiry of
said period of 30 days if it is satisfied that appellant was prevented
by sufficient cause from filling the appeal in time
08. What are the annual

returns and records to
be maintained?
09.
What
are
the
compliance
requirements under the
provisions of Batteries
Management
and
Handling) Rules 2001?
Every appeal filed under this rule shall be disposed off within a
period of 60 days from the date of filling
Rule 20(2)
Transport Emergency (TREM) Card in
Form 11
Rule 20(2)
Marking of Hazardous Waste Container
in Form 12
Rule 21(1)
Hazardous Waste Manifest in Form 13
Rule 22(1)
Maintaining records of Hazardous Waste
in Form 3
Rule 22(2)
Annual returns in Form 4
Rule 24
Accident reporting in Form 14
Rule 10 (1) - It shall be the responsibility of the consumer to ensure
that used batteries are not disposed of in any manner other than
depositing with dealer, manufacturer, importer, assembler,
registered recycler, reconditioner or at the designated collection
centers
4.3 Water Cess Returns and Payment

01. Whether Textile S.O. 49 (E) dated 6th May 2003
processing unit
is
required to file water If the industry consumes water for different applications including
Cess returns?
domestic more than 10 KLD shall file the Water Cess returns in the
prescribed format (Annexure 17) along with analysis report of treated
effluent.
The Central Government exempted industries consuming water less
than 10 kl per day from the levy of cess, provided that no such
exemption shall be applicable in case of industries generating
hazardous wastes as identified in clause (i) of Rule 3 of the HW
(M&H) Rules 1989
02. Is there any Self RSPCB had simplified the Cess assessment procedure for certain
Assessment Scheme category units
28
for small assesses?

The scheme shall be applicable to small assessees whose Cess liability
under the existing rates does not exceed Es. 6,000/- PA. Under this
scheme the eligible assessees shall submit a self-assessment before 31st
May of every year, for the ensuing year as a whole, based on earlier
years data and as per the latest rates. The amount payable shall be
submitted in the form of Demand Draft taken in favor of MS, RSPCB
and the same shall be submitted to the MS, RSPCB, Jaipur with a
copy to the concerned Regional Officer of the Board
Note: The Assessing Authority may accept the self-assessment given
by the industry, in which case, it will be deemed to have become final
assessment u/s 6 of Act. The Assessing Authority, however, reserves
the right to make its own investigation to ascertain the quantity of
water used, and raise a demand for Cess
03. What is the Appeal Section 13 of Water (P & CP) Cess Act, 1977 as amended in 1991 - any
mechanism?
person or local authority aggrieved by an order of the assessment
made under section 6 or by an order imposing penalty made under
section 11, may, with such time as may be prescribed, appeal to such
authority, in such form and in such manner as maybe prescribed
As per rule 9 of Water (Prevention and control of pollution) Cess
rules, 1978,all such appeals shall be made within 30days from the
date of communication of such order of assessment or penalty. All
such applications shall accompany with assessment order or penalty
order and a fee of Rs.50/04 Is there any As per the Section 7 of Water (Prevention and control of pollution)
provision for rebate?
Cess Act, 1977, any person or local authority, liable to pay the Cess
under this Act, installs any plant for the treatment of sewage or trade
effluent, such person, or local authority shall, from date as may be
prescribed be entitled to a rebate of twenty five percent of the Cess
payable
Provided that a person or local authority shall not be entitled to any
rebate if he or it
a) Consumes water in excess of the maximum quantity as may be
prescribed in this behalf for any specified industry or local authority
or
b) Fails to comply with any of the provisions of Section25 of the
Water (Prevention of pollution) Act, 1974 or any of the standards lay
down by the Central Government under the Environment
(Protection) Act, 1986
Water cess rates for different usage Annexure18
05 Is it mandatory to As per Section 4 of the Act water meters shall be affixed by for
affixing water meters? measuring and recording water consumed

29
CHAPTER 5
Environmental Aspects and Guidance
5.0 General
The Textile processing involves both dry and wet process. Textile process consumes large
quantities of water, use large variety of chemicals and consume energy. Environmental impacts
from textile processing industries include consumption of various natural resources like water,
fuel and energy and chemicals. Apart from this textile industry creates water pollution, air
pollution, hazardous and non hazardous wastes and noise. Many in plant measures are
required to conserve the resources and reduce the generation of wastes. This chapter highlights
various environmental aspects from different unit processes and utilities
5.1 Unit Processes in Textiles

Various unit processes involved in textile processing with brief description is outlined below
Cotton
spinning
Spinning
industry
Wool
spinning
Figure (1) shows the production line for cotton spinning. In this line
cotton from bales is processed through successive machines to be
cleaned from dust, trashes and foreign matters, opened, mixed,
carded, then drafted to a thin thread and twisted to produce the
yarn. This line could also be used for spinning man-made fibers with
characteristics similar to cotton, or blends of cotton and man-made
fibers. The produced yarn is wound on large packages with conical
shape on winding machines producing cone packages.
Figure (2) shows the production processes for wool spinning. In this
line, wool fibers from bales are scoured to be cleaned from grease,
carbonized to remove the plant matter, carded, combed then drafted
to a thin thread and twisted to produce woolen or worsted yarns.
The produced yarn is wound on large package as final product for
weaving or knitting, or for carpet production. The same line may be
used to process man-made fibers of the type similar to wool, or
blends of wool and man-made fibers.
Weaving
Knitting
Fabric
formation
industry
Non-woven
Tufted
Carpet
Singeing
Desizing
Figure (3) shows the production processes for weaving yarns into
fabric. In this line a large number of parallel threads are arranged
with the required length, wound on a beam, strengthened and
smoothed by sizing, and interlaced with weft threads on the loom to
produce a woven fabric, which is wound on another beam (cloth
beam).
Figure (4) shows the production processes for knitting yarns into
fabrics. In both circular and flat knitting, yarn packages feed the
knitting machine, which forms a fabric by interlooping the threads
together, using knitting needles. But in warp knitting, a large
number of warp threads are arranged in parallel and wound on a
beam to feed the knitting machine. The warp-knitting machine
forms a fabric by interlooping the threads, using knitting needles.
Figure (5) shows the production line for needle punched non-woven
fabric. In this line, man-made fibers are opened to form a fiber web
with the required weight, then passed through the needle punching
machine, where the fibers are pushed depth wise by barbed needles
and get entangled, to produce a felt-like fabric with high coherence
and strength. To strengthen the needle-punched non-woven, it may
be treated with adhesive to give more bonding between fibers. This
may be achieved by spraying the fabric with a chemical adhesive.
Figure (6) shows the production processes of tufted carpet. In this
technology, the tufting machine is fed with a large number of
threads, and a spun-bonded non-woven fabric, as the ground of the
carpet. The needles of the tufting machine make tracks of parallel
stitches through the ground fabric, creating a terry surface. The
formed carpet is back coated with adhesive resin to bind the carpet
pile to the ground fabric and the adhesive is covered with jute fabric
as a back. Then, the carpet surface is sheared to improve the
appearance and regulate it.
This process (cotton only) is considered one of the processes for
finishing preparation, and is only concerned with cotton woven
fabrics. In this process the greige fabric surface on both sides is
subjected to a gas flame, which burns the protruding fibers and
results in a smooth surface.
In this process the size materials on the warp threads of the fabric
are removed, by passing the fabric in a bath of sulpheric acid or by
using enzymes, soap or hot water depending on the sizing material.
This process is also considered one of the preparation processes for
finishing.

31
Scouring
Finishing
industry
In this process, the desized fabric is passed through a cleaning bath,

using alkaline or solvent solutions to dissolve any impurities or
soiling on the fabric.
Desizing and scouring could be done in one operation in some
plants. The operation is a preparation step for bleaching and dyeing.
It is possible to do desizing by using hot water and soap.
Bleaching
This process (for natural fibres) is also one of the preparation
processes for finishing, to obtain white colour in the fabric, by using
bleaches, such as hydrogen peroxide or hypochlorite.
Mercerizing This process (for cotton only) is also a preparation process for
finishing, in which the fabric is treated with sodium hydroxide to
create luster, more strength and higher affinity for dyes in the fabric.
This process could be applied to woven or knitted cotton fabrics.
Dyeing
This process is the finishing process in which the yarn, fabrics, or
garments are treated to add color and intricacy to the product, using
dyestuffs, auxiliaries, reductants, oxidants, etc. This process is well
known to be a major source of pollution due to the many chemicals
used, and the large quantities of wastewater resulting from the
process, and loaded with pollutants.
Printing
In this process the fabric is printed with color and patterns, using
pigments, dyes, acids, alkalis, softener, binder and emulsifier
solvents. Printing is also one of the major sources for pollution.
Carbonizing In this process (for wool), woven or knitted wool fabrics are treated
with sulphuric acid to remove the vegetable cellulosic matter
naturally existing in wool fibers.
Special
In the special finishing process (moth-proofing, water repellant,
finishing
stain resist, etc.), the fabric is chemically treated to achieve certain
characteristics in the finished fabric giving it special performance,
such as water-proof, crease resistance, etc.
Brushing
This process is considered as a mechanical finishing process, in
and
which the fabric surface is subjected to a brushing action to raise
napping
fibers from the yarns and create a hairy surface in the fabric. This
process may be applied to both woven and knitted fabrics.
Shearing
This process is also a mechanical finishing process that is applied to
woven fabric, to shear the protruding fibers from fabric surface and
create smooth surface fabrics. This process is a sources for fiber
particulates
Softening
This is a mechanical finishing process simulating, the ironing
by
process of fabric to produce smooth unwrinkled surface. The woven
calendering fabric is passed between smooth pressed rollers to remove surface
fibers and reduce friction between fibers, resulting in soft feel in the
fabric
Sanforizing This is a mechanical finishing process applied to woven fabrics to
compact the structure by passing the fabric between smooth heavy
rollers, and produce compacted fabrics

32
Fabric
laying
Garment
Industry
Placing
patterns
Cutting
Sewing
Sticking
interlining
Ironing
Packaging
In this process the fabric is laid on a long table in multiplayer

arrangement, using a special machine with reciprocating carriage.
This process is applied for the main garment fabric, and also the
lining fabric
After collecting the number of fabric layers, the patterns of the
garment are placed on top of the layers, and fixed by special pins
The multi layers are cut according to the patterns by using electric
cutter which moves around the patterns to produce garment parts
and, similarly lining parts and interlining parts
In this process, the garment parts are assembled together by
stitching on sewing machines. Also, the lining parts are assembled
by sewing operation
In this process, stiffening interlining pieces are heat pressed on some
garment pieces, using a special heat press
This is a finishing process to remove wrinkles from garment and
give a neat appearance
In this process, finished garments are packed in plastic bags, then in
carton boxes according to the size
5.2 Inputs to Various Processes

It is essential to control inputs to get right out puts from each process and to reduce wastes. As
the environmental impacts arise from the inputs into processes, we need to understand the
inputs. The following table provides information on basic input materials requirement in
different processes.
Cotton Spinning
Wool Spinning
Weaving
Knitting
Non woven
Tufting
Garment
Sizing
Desizing
Scouring
Inputs to dry processes

Raw cotton fibers, man-made fibers with specifications similar to cotton, or
blends of cotton and man-made fibers. The raw fibers are supplied in bales.
Raw wool fibers, man-made fibers with specifications of wool, or blends of
wool and man-made fibers. The raw fiber material is supplied in bales.
Cotton yarns, woolen yarns, man-made yarns, blended yarns, textured
yarns, stretch yarns, etc.
Cotton yarns, woolen yarns, man-made yarns, blended yarns, textured
yarns, stretch yarns, etc.
Man-made fibers, wool fibers, or blends
Acrylic yarns, polypropylene yarns, blended yarns with the wool-type.
Woven or knitted fabrics, from cotton, wool, man-made fibers, blends of
natural and man-made fibers, interlining fabric and lining fabric, buttons,
zebs, etc.
Inputs to wet processes
Polyvinyl alcohol, Carboxy methyl Cellulose, Oils, Waxes, Adhesives, Urea,
Diethylene glycol, etc.
Enzymes, Sulphuric acid, Detergents and Alkali
Sodium hydroxide, Sodium Carbonate, surfactants, chlorinated solvents

33
Bleaching
Mercerization
Dyeing
Printing
Chemical
finishing
Hypochlorite, hydrogen peroxide, acetic acid.

Sodium hydroxide, surfactants, acid, liquid ammonium
Dyestuffs, auxiliaries, reductants, oxidants
Dyes (acids or alkalis), pigments, kerosene, binders, ammonia, xylenes.
Formaldehyde, phosphorus, ammonia, silicone, fluorocarbon resins, toluene,
zircon salts etc.
5.3 Dye Inputs

Not all the dye is fixed to the fibre during the dyeing process. Table 5.3 shows the percentage of
unfixed dyes for various textiles. The reactive dyes used for cotton have the poorest fixation
rate, and since 52% of the textile-fibre market is cotton, most colored effluent problems arise
from dyeing cotton with reactive dyes. Heavy metals are associated with the effluents from
wool dyeing.
Table 5.3 Percentage of unfixed dye for different dye types and applications
Fibre
Dye type
Unfixed dye (percentage)
Wool and Nylon
Acid dyes/reactive dyes for wool
7 20
Pre-metalised dyes
27
After chromes
12
Cotton and viscose
Azoic dyes
5 10
Reactive dyes
20 50
Direct dyes
5 - 20
Pigment
1
Vat dyes
5 20
Sulphur dyes
30 40
Polyester
Disperse
8 20
Acrylic
Modified basic
23
Polypropylene
Spun dyed
N/A
Source: Water and Chemical use in the Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industry (GG62 Guide)
(http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk.html)
5.4 Out puts of Processes and Waste Generation

The various pollutants likely generated from the different processes are given in the following
tables:

34
Table 5.4.1 Cotton Spinning Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process
Opening
and
cleaning
Carding
Combing
Drawing
Roving
RingSpinning
Open-end
spinning
Conepackage
winding
Input materials
Function
Product
(purpose)
Raw
cotton Opening
and Flow
of
different man- cleaning cotton
cleaned
made
fibres
and
(cotton-type),
opened
or both
cotton
Layer
of Further opening Card
cleaned cotton
and cleaning
sliver
Card sliver
Further cleaning Combed
removing
neps sliver
parallelizing the
fibres
Card slivers or Improving
Drawn
combed slivers regularity,
sliver
cotton,
man- blending
made, or both
different fibres
Drawn sliver
Reducing
Roving
thickness,
inserting
some
twist
to
strengthen
resulting roving
Roving
Drafting roving Ring-spun
to
yarn
and yarn
on
inserting
final bobbin
twist
Drawn sliver
Drafting sliver to Open-end
yarn
and yarn
on
inserting
final cheese
twist
package
Ring-spun yarn Removing yarn Finished
or bobbin
defects
and Ring-spun
winding yarn to yarn
on
cone packages
cone
packages

Effluents
_____
Solid
wastes
Fibres
______
Fibres
______
Fibres
_____
Fibres
_____
Fibres
_____
Yarns
_____
Yarns
_____
Yarns
35
Table 5.4.2 Wool Spinning - Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process
Selection
and sorting
Scouring
Input
materials
Raw wool
Raw
warm
water
Function
(purpose)
Classifying
wool
according
to
quality
wool Cleaning wool
soapy from natural
grease, suint,
dirt and dust
Carbonizing Scoured wool
Suphuric
acid
(low
concentration)
Mixing and Pretreated
oiling
wool oil
Carding
Cleaned and
oiled wool
Gilling and Carded wool

combing
Roving
Spinning
Combed
sliver
Roving
Product
Effluents
Required
_____
quality
of
raw wool
Clean wool High solids,

from grease BOD, COD,
suint
and grease,
dust
solvent and
detergent
residues
neutral to
high
pH,
temperature
Removing
Wool
Normal pH
vegetable
cleaned from below
7
matter
vegetable
occasional
matter
acid
bath
dumps
Mixed
and Wool
_____
oiled
wool
ready
for
carding
Fiber
Wool roving _____
separation and
forming fiber
rope (roving)
Parallelism
Combed
_____
fibres, separate sliver
entanglement
Drafting sliver Roving (or _____
to form roving top)
Draft
roving Woolen yarn _____
and
insert (without
twist to form combing) or
yarn
worsted yarn
(combed)
Solid
wastes
Wool
fibres
waste
Wool
fibre
waste
Little
charred
carbon
residue
Wool
fibres
wastes
Fibre
waste
(typically
reused)
Fibre
waste
(reused)
Fiber
waste
Fiber
waste
4.

36
Table 5.4.3 Weaving Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process
Input
materials
Yarn cones
Function
(purpose)
Warping
Forming
the
longitudinal
parallel
arrangement of
warp threads
Slashing
-Warp
Treating
warp
(sizing)
threads on threads with size
warp beam solution
size solution
Preparing
Sized warp
Threading warp
for
the
threads
in
loom
harnesses, reed
and rop wires to
be ready for the
loom
Weaving
Warp
Enterlacing warp
threads
threads with weft
arrangement threads to from
woven fabric
Product
Warp
threads
beam
Effluents
Solid
wastes
Yarnspackaging
waste
_____
Sized warp
BOD,
COD,metals,
size
washing
residues
Warp beam ______
ready
for
weaving
Fiber lint,
yarn
scarp size
residues
Woven
fabric
Yarn and
fabric
scrap
_____
______
Table 5.4.4 knitting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process
Input materials
Function
Product
(purpose)
Warp
Yarns (cotton, Preparing warp Warp
knitting:
wool, blended, yarns on warp beam
Warping
man-made,
beam
filament,
textured)
Knitting
Warp beam
Interloping
the Warp
warp yarns to knitted
from
knitted fabric
fabric
Circular
Yarns cones
Interloping
Circular
knitting or
threads to form knitted
flat knitting
weft
knitted fabric
fabric

Effluents
Solid wastes
_____
Yarnspackaging
waste
______
Yarn
and
fabric scraps,
packaging
waste
Yarn
and
fabric scraps,
packaging
waste
_______
37
Table 5.4.5 Non woven Fabric Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Process
Input
materials
Web
Man-made
formation
fibres
(polyester,
nylon, etc)
Web
Card
fiber
condensation web
Needle
punching
Multilayer
fiber web
Adhesive
Needle
spraying and punched
drying
fabric
Function
Effluents
Product
(purpose)
Opening and Card web of _____
carding
the fibres
fibres
Solid
wastes
Fibres
Condensing
fiber web to
required
weight
Mechanical
bonding
of
fibre web
Strengthening
the
fabric
coherence
______
Fibres
Needled non- ______

woven felt
Fibres
Needle
______
punched nonwoven fabric
Fibres, nonwoven
fabric scraps
Multiplayer
fiber web
Table 5.4.6 Tufting Industry - Waste Water & Solid Waste

Process
Input
materials
Tufting
- Carpet yarn
(wool, manmade fiber)
Ground
fabric (spun
bonded nonwoven)
Adhesive
Adhesive
coating of resin
tuft back
- Jute woven
fabric
Function
Effluents
Product
(purpose)
Inserting rows Ground fabric _____
of tufts on tufted
with
ground fabric
carpet wool pile
Solid
wastes
- Yarns
-Packaging
wastes
-Fabric
scraps
Fixing tufts to Tufted

carpet Chemicals
ground fabric
backed
with reducing
adhesive
the
dissolved
oxygen in
water
Covering
Woven
jute Sticking
the Tufted
carpet ______
carpet
fabric
and backing to the with
finished
back with tufted carpet
adhesive
back
jute fabric
coating
and drying
Shearing
Tufted carpet Leveling
the Finished tufted ______
pile
with solidified pile surface
carpet
surface
adhesive
Spills
of
adhesives

Fabric
scraps
Fibres
38
Table 5.4.7 Finishing Industry (Textile wet processes) - Waste Water & Solid Waste
Process
Singeing
(cotton
only)
Input materials
Function
(purpose)
Unfinished
To burn the
woven
cotton surface fibres
fabrics
of
greige
goods to give
smooth
surface
Desizing
- Singed fabric
- Enzymes
Acids
(Sulphuric)
Scouring
-Knitted
or
desized woven
fabric
-Alkaline
or
solvent
solutions
Bleaching
Scoured fabric,
(for natural hydrogen
fibres)
peroxide,
hypochlorite
Mercerizing
Dyeing
-Woven
or
knitted cotton
fabric
-Caustic
soda
(15-20%)
-Acid
Woven
or
knitted fabric,
dye
stuffs,
auxiliaries,
reductants and
oxidants
Effluents
Fabric with _____

smooth
surface,
surface and
no
protruding
fibres
To
remove Fabric free BOD
from
size material from size
sizes,
from woven
lubricants,
fabric
biocides, antistatic
compounds
Cleaning
Clean fabric High BOD and
fabric from
temperature
impurities
very high pH,
fats,
waxes,
detergents, size
mix residues,
solvent
residues
Eliminating
White
Low
to
unwanted
bleached
moderate BOD,
colored
fabric
high pH and
matter
temperature,
decolorizing
bleach
and
colored
additives
impurities
residues
To
give Mercerized
Very high pH,
luster, more woven
or dissolved
strength, and knitted
solids,
some,
higher
fabric
BOD, NaOH
affinity
for
dyes
Add colour Dyed fabric
Depending on
and intricacy
type of dye,
to fabrics
dissolved
solids,
COD
heavy metals
causing
toxicity, BOD

Product
Solid
wastes
Little or
none
Fiber
lint, yarn
waste,
cleaning
materials
Little or
no
residual
waste
Little or
more
Little or
none
Chemical
residues,
fabric
scrap
39
Printing
Woven
or
knitted fabric,
pigments and
dyes, acids or
alkalis, softener,
binder,
emulsifier
solvents
Carbonizing Woven
or
(for wool)
knitted
wool
fabric sulphuric
acid
Printing
Printed
color
and fabric
patterns on
fabric
High COD and Chemical

salt
content residues
solvents toxic
metals
BOD,
foam, heat
Removing
vegetable
matter
Wool fabric Normal

pH Little
cleaned
below
7 charred
from
occasional acid carbon
cellulosic
bath dumps
residue
matter
Special
Woven
or Giving fabric Fabric with BOD,
COD Chemical
finishing
knitted fabric
special finish special
suspended
residues
(moth- Mitin, Dieldrin
finish
solids,
toxic fabric
proofing
and
Beconize
materials, spent scrap
water
for
mothsolvents
repellant
proofing fluoro
stain
rest, chemicals
for
etc)
water and oil
repellant
Brushing
Woven
or Raise surface Fabric with ______
Fiber
and
knitted fabric
fiber
and hairy
waste
napping
change feel surface
and texture
of fabric
Shearing
Woven fabric
Removing
Fabric with ______
Fiber
surface fibres smooth
waste
surface
Softening
Woven fabric
Removing
Soft fabric
______
______
by
surface fibres
calendering
friction
between
fibres
Sanforizing Woven fabric
Compacting
Fabric with ______
______
the fabric
compressed
structure
Addition of Woven fabric
Adding
Fabric with ______
______
luster
luster
to lustrous
fabric surface flattened
and
smoothed
yarns
Source: Self Monitoring Manual, Textile Industry, Egyptian Pollution Abatement Project, Ministry
of State of Environmental Affairs
40
5.5 Utilities
The textile units may have utilities such as raw water treatment system, diesel generator(s),
boilers(s), cooling towers, laboratory, workshop(s), fuel storage facilities, waste water treatment
plant, administrative block, canteen etc. The pollution potential from these operations should be
assessed and suitable mitigation measures should be planned.
5.6 Wastewater generation Industry Benchmarks

Below table provides industry benchmark about wastewater discharges from unit processes of
textile industry:
Waste generation*
Outputs per unit of product
Unit
Wastewater -Wool Scouring
l/kg
Wastewater - Yarn Finishing
l/kg
Wool
l/kg
Cotton
l/kg
Synthetic Fiber
Wastewater
Knitted
Fabric
l/kg
Finishing
Wool
Wastewater
l/kg
Knitted Fabric Finishing
Cotton
Wastewater
l/kg
Knitted Fabric Finishing
Synthetic Fiber
Wastewater
l/kg
Woven Fabric Finishing
Wool
Wastewater
l/kg
Woven Fabric Finishing
Cotton
Wastewater
l/kg
Woven Fabric Finishing +
Print
Cotton
Wastewater
l/kg
Woven Fabrics Finishing
Synthetic Fiber
Sludge from Wastewater
kg/m3
Treatment
treated
Industry Benchmark
26 **
3545
100120
6585
6070
60135
3580
70140
5070
15080
100-180
15 ***
41
Wastewater
* European Commission (2002b)
** BAT is 24 l/kg of greasy wool for medium and large mills (15000 tons/year of
greasy wool) and 6 l/kg for small mills)
*** Volume of sludge produced after dewatering 15 kg/m3 of treated
wastewater
Source: EHS Guidelines for Textile Manufacturing, April 30, 2007 International
Finance Corporation & World Bank Group (www.ifc.org)
5.7 Environmental Norms

S. No
01.
Description of the norms

Notification/Circular
Sector
Specific
Standards Notification No. S.O.844 (E) dated 19.11.1986 as
Notified Under the Provisions of amended G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05. 2003.
the E (P) Act
Schedule I:
S.No 6 Standards for Cotton Textile Industries
(composite and processing)
02.
CETP Inlet standards
03.
General Standards for Discharge

of Effluents
04.
Prohibition on the Handling of

Azodyes
Air
Emission Standards
Notified Under the Provisions of
the E (P) Act
05.
S.No. 7 - Standards for Composite Woolen Mills

(Annexure 5)
Notification No G.S.R (E) dated 21.02.1991 as
amended (Annexure 19)
Notification No. G.S.R 422 (E) dated 19.05.1993
and G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993 issued under
the provisions of E (P) Act 1986
(Annexure 20)
Notification No. S.O.243 (E) dated 26.03.1997
(Annexure 21)
S.O.844 (E) dated 19.11.1986 as amended G.S.R.
422(E) dated 19.05. 2003 & G.S.R 801(E) dated
31.12.1993
Schedule VI:
standards
(Annexure 6)
Part
General
emission
Schedule I:
06.
07.
S.No34 Standards for small boilers

(Annexure 7)
National Ambient Air Quality MoEF Notification dated 16th May 2009
(Annexure 8)
Standards
National Noise Ambient Air The Noise Pollution (Regulation & Control)
Quality Standards
Rules, 2000 S.O. 123 (E) dated 14th February
2000 and as amended in S.O. 1046 (E) dated

42
08.
09.
22.11.2000 and S.O 50 (E) dated 11th January 2010

(Annexure 9)
Noise Limit for Generator Sets Notification No. G.S.R 371 (E) dated 17th May,
Run With Diesel
2002(Annexure 22)
Hazardous waste categorization Hazardous Material (Management, Handling
and
Transboundary
Movement)
Rules
Notification No. 2265(E) dated 24.09. 2008

43
CHAPTER 6
Treatment Technologies
6.0 Conventional Treatment Systems and Limitations
Typically the conventional wastewater treatment system in textile processing industries
includes screen chamber, oil & grease trap, equalization and coagulation in primary treatment
systems. Activated sludge treatment or two-stage aeration, clarifier in secondary treatment
system. Although COD/BOD reductions are achieved through this conventional treatment
system, objectionable color, high TDS levels of effluents remain and effluents are not fit to be
discharged to surface water or on land. Hence, tertiary treatment systems are becoming
necessary for achieving disposal standards. The Central Pollution Control Board had recently
published a report on Advance Methods for Treatment of Textile Industry Effluents. Some of
the options available are described briefly here:
6.1 Adsorption
The adsorption process is used to removes color and other soluble organic pollutants from
effluent. The process also removes toxic chemicals such as pesticides, phenols, cyanides and
organic dyes that cannot be treated by conventional treatment methods. Dissolved organics are
adsorbed on surface as wastewater containing these is made to pass through adsorbent. Most
commonly used adsorbent for treatment is activated carbon. The activated carbon once it is
saturated needs replacement or regeneration. Regeneration can be done chemically or
thermally. The chemical regeneration can be done in within the column itself either with acid or
other oxidizing chemicals. This normally effects partial recovery of activity and necessitate
frequent recharging of carbon. For thermal regeneration, the exhausted carbon is fed to furnace
and heated in a controlled condition. This process volatilizes and oxidizes the impurities held in
carbon. Other materials such as activated clay, silica, fly ash, etc are also known to be promising
adsorbents
6.2 Ion Exchange

Ion exchange process is normally used for the removal of inorganic salts and some specific
organic anionic components such as phenol. All salts are composed of a positive ion of a base
and a negative ion of an acid. Ion exchange materials are capable of exchanging soluble ions
and cations with electrolyte solutions. For example, a cation exchanger in the sodium form
when contacted with a solution of calcium chloride, will scavenge the calcium ions from the
solution and replace them with sodium ions
However, this process generates backwashes and
concentrated effluents, which requires
further treatment such as evaporation. This process is not suitable for removal of non- ionic
compounds.
6.3 Membrane Filtration

Reverse Osmosis
The process of reverse osmosis is based on the ability of certain specific polymeric membranes,
usually cellulose acetate or nylon to pass pure water at fairly high rates and to reject salts.
Reverse osmosis can be used as end-of-pipe treatment and recycling system for effluent. After
primary, secondary and/or tertiary treatment, further purification by removal of organics and
dissolved salts is possible by use of reverse osmosis. RO membranes are susceptible to fouling
due to organics, colloids and microorganism. Scale causing constituents like hardness,
carbonate. Silica, heavy metals, oil etc has to be removed from the feed. As the membranes are
sensitive to oxidizing agents like chlorine or ozone, they should also be absent.
Ultra filtration
This process is similar to reverse osmosis. The difference between reverse osmosis and ultra
filtration is primarily the retention properties of the membranes. Reverse osmosis membranes
retain all solutes including salts, while ultra filtration membranes retain only macromolecules
and suspended solids. Thus salts, solvents and low molecular weight organic solutes pass
through ultra filtration membrane with the permeate water. Since the membrane does not retain
salts, the osmotic pressure differences across ultra filtration membrane are negligible. Flux rates
through the membranes are fairly high, and hence lower pressures can be used. Ultra filtration
membranes may be made from cellulose acetate, polyelectrolyte complexes, nylon and inert
polymers. Hence, acidic or caustic streams may also be treated.
Nano filtration
Nano filtration can be positioned between reverse osmosis and ultra filtration. Nano filtration
is essentially a lower pressure version membrane where the purity of permeate water less
important. This process is used where the high salt rejection of reverse osmosis is not necessary.
The nano filtration is capable of removing hardness elements such as calcium or magnesium
together with bacteria, viruses and color. Nano filtration operated on lower pressure than
reverse osmosis and as such treatment cost is lower than reverse osmosis treatment. Nano
filtration is preferred when permeate with TDS but without color, COD and hardness is
acceptable. Feed water to nano filtration should be of similar qualities as in case of reverse
osmosis. Turbidity and colloids should be low. Disinfection of feed may also necessary to
remove microorganism.
Filtration Spectrum of Different Membranes

Filtration type
Pore size (micron)
Molecular weight
Micro filtration
0.007 2.00
> 1,00,000
Ultra filtration
0.002 0.10
1,000 2,00,000

Used for removal of

pollutant
Bacteria, pigments, oil
etc
Colloids, virus, protein
45
Nano filtration
0.001 0.07
180 15,000
Reverse osmosis
< 0.001
< 200
Source: Resource Recycling Series; RERES/7/2007, CPCB
etc
Dyes,
pesticides,
divalent ions etc
Salts and ions
Ozonization
Large, complex organic molecules, detergents, phenols etc. can be broken into simpler
compounds by ozonation. Among the industrial applications, oxidation of organic and
inorganic, deodorization, and decolorization are the main usages. Ozone doses in level of 2
mg/l have been reported to result in virtually complete removal of colour and hard pollutants
such as detergents.
6.4 Evaporation
Typically evaporation process is used for evaporation of high concentrated rejects of R.O, ultra
filtration, nano filtration etc, where TDS concentration is high. Multiple Effect Evaporators,
Mechanical Vapor Compression, Direct Contact Evaporation are various methods used for
evaporation of effluents.
6.5 Crystallization
This method is used to crystallize salts and recover them from its mother liquor. The
crystallizers may be single stage or multi-stage for extracting useful chemicals like sodium
sulphate, calcium sulphate, sodium chloride, calcium chloride etc, from process solutions and
effluents.
6.6 Cost Benefit Analysis A Case Study

The effluent stream bearing high salt i.e. the spent dye bath can be segregated and treated with
recovery of salt. This effluent stream has low volume and can be treated using chemical
treatment followed by multi-effect evaporation and crystallization. Glauber salt (Sodium
Sulphate Decahedrate Na2SO4.10H2O) based dyeing enables recovery of the salt. The other
effluent stream i.e. wash water can be treated separately by primary/secondary treatment
methods followed by RO system to recover water.
A case study done of treatment system by CPCB based on above concept in an industry, which
is engaged in processing of hosiery fabrics and yarns with an average production of 5 tonnes of
hosiery cloths and yarns per day. During processing i.e. scouring, bleaching and dyeing
contaminated wastewater is generated which is about 500 KLD. The treatment of wastewater
consists of primary treatment, ozonation, reverse osmosis membrane filtration, multiple effect
evaporators and crystallizer. These measures enabled the industry to recover water and glauber
salt (sodium sulphate) for recycle in the production process.

46
Total estimated wastewater discharge is 500 KLD. Out of this, 50 KLD is from dye bath
wastewater and the first wash, and remaining 450 KLD is wash water effluent. In the RO stage
I, about 75% of wash water effluent i.e. 382.5 KLD is recovered, and remaining 25% (42.5 KLD)
reject is treated in RO stage II. The water recovery in RO stage II is 50% i.e. 21.25 KLD. Water
recovery by RO system is 403.75 KLD, which is 80.75 % of the entire effluent generated. Water
recovery is also done by condensation of vapors, which was reported to 60 KLD. Therefore,
total water recovery in the system is 463.75 KLD, which is 92.75 % of total wastewater discharge
of industry. Besides the water recovery, the system facilitates salt recovery, which is estimated
to be about 2000 kg per day. The capital cost and operation and maintenance cost of different
units is presented in the Table 6.6
Capital Cost, operation and maintainace cost of treatment scheme
Treatment units
Capital cost Rs.
Operation cost
Maintenance cost, Rs.
Lakhs
Lakhs/month
Lakhs/month
Primary treatment
45
1.5
0.25
R.O System
92
1.0
0.25
Evaporation
and
55
1.9
0.50
crystallizers
Economics of treatment scheme for recovery or water and glauber salt
Particulars
Primary
Primary + Reverse
Primary + Reverse
treatment
osmosis
osmosis + Multiple
effect evaporator
crystalliser
Capital cost (Rs. Lakhs)
45
137
192
Annualized capital cost
8.96
27.29
38.25
[@15% p.a. interest &
deprecation, plant life 10
years] (Rs. Lakh)
Operation
and
21.0
36.0
64.8
maintenance cost (Rs.
Lakh/annum)
Annual
burden
29.26
63.29
103.05
(Annualized cost + O&M
cost) Rs. Lakh
Annual burden /annual
2.99
6.33
10.30
turnover ratio (%)
Treatment cost Rs./KL
13.46
23.07
41.53
(without
interest
&
depreciation)
Treatment cost Rs./KL
19.18
40.57
66.05
(with
interest
&
deprecation)

47
Details of recovery and savings

Quantity of water recovered
= 382.05 + 21.25 + 60
= 463.75 KLD
= 12057.5 KL per month
= 144690 KL per year
Cost of water @ Rs. 50/KL
= Rs. 72,34,500 per year
Cost of recovered salt (as reported by = Rs. 0.35 lakh per month = Rs. 4.20 lakhs per
industry)
year
Total recovery
= 72.34 + 4.20 = Rs. 76.54 Lakhs/year
Loss/Saving
= Rs. 103.05 76.54 = 26.51 lakh/year (loss)
Saving (without taking into interest and = 76.54 64.8 = Rs. 11.74 lakhs/year
depreciation)
6.7 CPCB Findings of the Case Study
The dye bath effluent is 10% of the total waste generated and the remaining 90% is wash
water
The pollution load in terms of BOD, COD and TDS in dye bath effluent was measured as
1823 mg/l, 9366 mg/l and 17000 mg/l respectively. The values of BOD, COD and TDS in
wash water effluent is 190 mg/l, 586 mg/l and 3104 mg/l
The wash water effluent after primary treatment and ozonation achieves 77.8% COD
reduction and 78.4% reduction in BOD
The further treatment of the effluent in two stage RO system gives a permeate having BOD,
COD and TDS levels of 6 mg/l, 17-26 mg/l and 196-922mg/l respectively. Colour content
and hardness were also completely removed
The reject stream of RO system contains TSS 124mg/l, COD 754mg/l and TDS of 17828mg/l
The liquid after evaporation in multi-effect evaporators contains 212384mg/l of TDS, the
value of which before evaporation is 18340mg/l. evaporation process is continued till the
liquid attends specific gravity of 1.24
The condensate of evaporation is pure water with TSS, COD and BOD contents of 8mg/l,
81mg/l and 30mg/l. colour content and hardness were found to be zero in the condensate
The RO stage I gives permeate water which was found to 76.5% (382.5 KLD) of the total
wastewater. This water is recycled in the production process
The total recovery of permeate water with the use of RO stage II, comes to be 80.75% (403.75
KLD) of the total effluent generation
The estimated condensate from multiple effect evaporators comes to be 60 KLD and as such
the total recovery of water for the entire system works out to be 92.75% (463.75 KLD)
The capital cost of primary treatment, RO technology and, evaporators and crystalliser is Rs.
45 lakhs, 92 lakhs, 55 lakhs respectively. When expressed as Rs./KL, the capital cost comes
to be, (i) Rs. 9000/KL, for primary treatment, (ii) Rs. 27,400/KL fort he primary and RO
system, and (iii) Rs. 38,400/KL for the entire treatment and recycling system
The estimated annual burden on account or primary treatment alone is Rs. 29.93 lakh/year.
Annual burden goes up to Rs. 63.29 lakhs/year with primary and RO system. The entire
treatment system i.e. primary, RO evaporation and crystallization pus annual

48
burden of Rs. 103.05 lakh per year

Annual burden to turnover ratios in respect of the three sets of treatment works out to be, (i)
2.99% for primary treatment, (ii) 6.33% for primary and RO system, and (iii) 10.30% for the
entire treatment and recycling plant
Recurring cost for treatment waste waster using primary treatment comes to be Rs. 13.46 per
KL. When primary treatment and RO system are put together, the recurring cost goes up to
23.07 per KL. With all the treatment units (primary + RO + Evaporation crystallize) this cost
comes to be Rs. 41.53 per KL of wastewater
The industry recovers water and glauber salt, which gives returns of Rs. 76.54 lakhs per year
6.8 Limitations of Advance Treatment Methods

For advance treatment like reverse osmosis, different units such as sand filter, activated carbon
adsorption, iron and manganese filter etc. may be required to meet the feed effluent
requirement. Maintaining desired effluent quality at each stage requires regular monitoring.
The treatment system requires trained manpower to operate. In some cases suppliers man the
system.
Activated carbon and other media are periodically required to be replaced or regenerated.
Regeneration is a specialized operation.
Performance of membrane filtration largely depends on the performance of primary treatment
system. Consistency in primary treatment system is of prime importance. The evaporators used
for effluent volume reduction or concentration is not free from trouble. They require frequent
cleaning to remove scale deposition on tube walls.
Reverse osmosis technology is extensively being used for water purification and now gained
importance in wastewater treatment as well. The filtration methods do need to dispose high
concentrated wastewater produced as reject.
6.9 Recommendations of CPCB for Effluent Management in Textile Industries
Textile industry effluent can be treated with or without segregation of effluent streams.
Treatment of effluent streams collectively can give recovery of water but the recovery of salt
may not be feasible. Segregation of effluent streams on other hand makes it possible to recover
both water and salts. The highly polluting effluent streams such as spent dye bath has low
volume, which is normally 10 per cent of the total effluent discharge. Low polluting streams like
wash water contributes the remaining 90 per cent of effluent. In plant house keeping measures
reduce the volume of the effluents. Segregation of these streams could be so managed that low
polluting stream contains nominal dissolved solids so that it meets quality requirement for its
reuse or disposal after treatment. Advance treatment methods can be appropriately applied to
manage both the effluent streams.

49
For effective management of effluent in textile industries, some options are as below:
The highly polluting effluent stream can be segregated and evaporated after primary
treatment system. As volume is less, cost of treatment will be less. The other low polluting
streams can be given primary/secondary/tertiary treatment to meet the disposal standards
or for use in industry for appropriate operations. With the application of reverse osmosis,
the effluent stream can be made suitable for reuse in production process itself. The reject
stream of reverse osmosis to is be treated along with high polluting effluent stream which
can be evaporated
Spent dye bath effluent can be segregated and treated with recovery of salt. This effluent can
be treated using a primary treatment followed by evaporation and crystallization. Glauber
salt (Sodium Sulphate decahydrate, Na2SO4.10H2O) based dyeing enables recovery of the
salt. The other effluent stream i.e. wash water can be treated separately in
primary/secondary/tertiary treatment to meet the disposal standards or for reuse. It can
also be treated with reverse osmosis system to recover and recycle water.
Segregate spent dye bath effluent from wash water streams for further treatment. Dye bath
effluent is to be treated using a Nan filtration system and wash water effluent with reverse
osmosis. Nano filtration allows maximum passage of the salt with no colour in the
permeate. As such, the permeate can be directly recycled back to dye bath so as to minimize
fresh addition of salt. For this option, common salt (Sodium Chloride, NaCl) is advised for
usage in dyeing process. The rejects of reverse osmosis and Nano filtration can be disposed
of through evaporation system.
The effluent stream arising out of textile processing can be collectively treated using
primary/secondary/tertiary treatment to meet the disposal standards. In case, wastewater
is planned for reuse, and then treated water can be treated with the use of reverse osmosis
or other methods. The reject stream of reverse osmosis can be disposed of through
evaporation system. But this option increases treatment costs due to large volume of waste
For further information, please refer document on Advance Methods of Treatment of
Textile Industry Effluents by Central pollution Control Board

50
CHAPTER 7
Good Practices
Textile processing units, particularly wet processing units consume large quantities of water
and discharge large quantities of wastes. Also, uses various chemicals and dyes, which can
harm the environment. There are opportunities of using alternative chemicals and reducing
generation of wastes from process by adopting CP techniques. This chapter outlines some of the
measures based on the literature survey.
7.0 Use of Alternative Dyes

A number of dyes have been banned from use due to their potentially toxic, mutagenic or
carcinogenic properties. Some of the dyes are known to release amines during processing. Due
to carcinogenic potential of these amines, many dyes are being banned or suggested to go
alternative dyes in many countries. List of alternatives for such potentially dangerous dyes are
given hereunder
Table. 7.0 Usage of Alternative Dyes
Safer Alternatives for Banned Disperse Dyes

Banned Disperse Dye
Disperse Yellow 7
Disperse Yellow 23
Disperse Blue 12
Disperse Orange 50
Disperse Yellow 24
Disperse Yellow 46
Disperse Yellow 62
Disperse Yellow 1
Disperse Yellow 2
Disperse Yellow 29
CI Number
23660
22130
3900
22145
29185
23050
29175
22570
22311
22580
Alternative
Disperse Yellow 15
Disperse Orange 102
Disperse Red 81
Disperse Red 120
Disperse Yellow 23
Disperse Yellow 31
Disperse Yellow 4
Disperse Violet 66
Disperse Yellow 112
Disperse Yellow 51
CI Number
29156
28160
25275
29160
29100
29165
29120
29166
27720
Safer Alternatives for Banned Acid Dyes

Banned Acid Dye
Acid Orange 45
Acid Red 4
Acid Red 5
CI Number
22195
14710
14905
Alternative
Acid Orange
Acid Red 157
Acid Red 191
CI Number
1914690
17990
14730
Acid Red 24
Acid Red 26
Acid Red 115
Acid Red 49
Acid Red 12
Acid Black 94
16140
16150
27200
42640
18075
30336
Acid Red
Acid Red 37
Acid Violet 72
Acid Violet 13
Acid Black 24
17900
24785
17045
42665
16640
26370
Safer Alternatives for Banned Direct Dyes

Banned Direct Dye
Direct Yellow 48
Direct Orange 8
Direct Red 2
Direct Red 10
Direct Red 24
Direct Red 46
Direct Red 62
Direct Violet 1
Direct Brown 2
Direct Black 29
CI Number
23660
22130
23900
22145
29185
23050
29175
22570
22311
22580
Alternative
Direct Yellow 15
Direct Orange 102
Direct Red 81
Direct Red 120
Direct Red 23
Direct Red 31
Direct Red 4
Direct Violet 66
Direct Brown 112
Direct Black 51
CI Number
29156
28160
25275
9160
29100
29165
29120
29166
22720
Source: Environmental Quick Scan Textiles, complied for CBI and SIDA by Consultancy and
Research for Environmental Management, Published by CBI, SIDA, VIVO, 1996
7.1 Use of Alternative Pigments used in Printing

Below table provides alternative pigments for potentially dangerous suspected pigments
Table 7.1 Safer Alternatives for Suspected pigments
Suspected Pigment
CI Number
Alternative
CI Number
Pigment Orange 50
20170
Pigment Orange 38
Pigment Yellow 12
21090
Pigment Yellow 147
12367
Pigment Yellow 63
21091
Pigment Yellow 148
50600
Pigment Yellow 126
21101
Pigment Yellow 5
11660
Pigment Red 39
21080
Pigment Red 87
73310
Pigment Yellow 176
21103
Pigment Yellow 101
48052
Pigment Yellow 114
21092
Pigment Yellow 10
12710
Source: Environmental Quick Scan Textiles, complied for CBI and SIDA by Consultancy
and Research for Environmental Management, Published by CBI, SIDA, VIVO, 1996
7.2 Chemical Substitution

Following alternative chemicals may be considered to reduce environmental impacts of
chemicals released to environment
52
Table 7.2 Chemical Substitutions Possible in Textile Processing

Process
Chemical
Substitute
Sizing
Starch based wrap sizes by PVA
Acrylates
or
partial
substitution
Desizing Scouring Acid
Hydrogen
Peroxide
and
enzymes
Aqueous Scouring Alkylphenol Ethoxylates TSP, NaOH
Fatty alcohol ethoxylates
Sodium Carbonate
Detergent Souring Alkyl benzene sulphonates
Fatty
alkyl
sulphates
Polyglycolether
Light Scouring
NTA, EDTA
Zeolites (sodium aluminium
Silicate)
Bleaching
Reductive sulphur bleaches
Peroxide bleaches
Chlorine compounds
Peroxide Bleaches
Dyeing
Benzidine based dyestuffs and other Mineral/pigment dyes single
amine releasing dyes
class dyes like indigsol,
pigments, reactives
Dichromate used for oxidation in vat Peroxide, air oxygen, metal
and sulphur dyes
free agents
Acetic acid in the dyeing bath
Formic acid
Dispersants for dyes and chemicals
Water based system
Copper sulphate used to treat direct Polymeric compounds
dyes
Dye powder in automatic injection
Liquid dyes
Sodium hydrosulphite
Stabilized
sodium
hydrosulphite
Aldehyde and toxic metallic salts High
molecular
weight
used as auxiliaries
polymeric auxiliaries
Sodium sulphide
Glucose
based
reducing
agents
Printing
Kerosene or white spirit
Water based systems
Finishing
Formaldehyde
Poly carboxylic acid
Alkyl phenol
Fatty alcoholethyoxylates
Anti-wrinkle
Dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea
(Poly carboxylic acids mainly
finishing
1,2,3,4 butane tetra carboxylic
acid) Glyoxales
Flame
retardant Asbestos, Halogenated compounds Inorganic
salts
and
finishing
like,
bromated
diphenylethers phosphonates
(PBDEs) and heavy metal containing
compounds
Preservation
Biocides such as chlorinated phenols UV Treatment, mechanical or
finishing
(PCP), metallic salts (As, Zn, Cu or enzymatic finishing
Hg), DDE, DDT, Benzothiazole
Source: Textile Sector Part A
(http://www.eeaa.gov.eg.seam/Manuals/TextilesectorReport/content.htm)
53
7.3 Cleaner Technologies & Processes

Following alternative process technologies can reduce overall load at source
Single-stage desizing-scouring-bleaching processes for processing cellulosics and their

blends with synthetics
Solvent-aided scouring and bleaching processes
Activated peroxide bleaching taking chemically-treated goods straight into a peroxide
bath
through the washing machine
Dyeing-sizing of warp yarns for denim-style products
Hot mercerization in place of conventional cold mercerization, often enabling the
elimination of separate scouring treatment.
Combined disperse and reactive/direct colour dyeing of blended fabrics containing low
percentages of cellulosics
Use of padding method in place of exhaust methods for dyeing, wherever possible
Use of bicarbonate in a peroxide bath for vat oxidation to convert caustic alkalinity into
carbonate alkalinity for its easier removal. Alkalinity requires a plentiful supply of water
Electrolytic process for the dyeing of vat colors and reduction-clearing of disperse-colour
printed synthetic fabrics
Dry-heat fixation techniques for the development of Rapidogen prints in place of the
conventional acid-steaming method
Direct finishing of pigment-printed goods and direct carbonising of disperse-printed
goods without intermediate washing
(Source: United Nations Environment Programme Technical Report No. 16)
The pre-treatment of cellulosic fibres with cationic compounds increases the degree of
fixation for reactive dyestuffs
The alkaline dyeing process for polyester fibres offers shorter dyeing cycles by avoiding
pH changes, and improved quality by reducing oligomer problems.
Computer systems to control the dyeing process and optimize recipes. Programs to take
account of varying liquor ratios and calculate the optimum pH, salt, alkali and other
chemical levels. Other factors such as fibre, temperature, time and dye-house structure to
be accommodated in these programming
In rotary screen printing, up to 8.5 kg of colour or print paste can be present in the pipe
between the dye tank and squeegee blade. This will be lost when the pipe is cleaned out
at changeover. Reduced-diameter pipe work and reverse compressed air injection have
reduced this loss to just 1.5 kg
Wash water use for squeegee cleaning can be reduced from 100 liters per squeegee by
replacing manual washing with automatic high pressure water cleaning
Source: Water and chemical use in the Textile Dyeing and Finishing Industry (GG62 Guide)
(http://www.envirowise.gov.uk/uk.html)
54
7.4 Chemical Recovery & Re-Use Options

The recovery and re-use of chemicals are to be explored in the following areas:
The re-use of dye solutions from the dye bath;

The recovery of caustic after the mercerizing process;
The recovery of size in cotton processing (in practice this is limited to integrated
operations which apply and remove size)
In conventional dyeing, usually only the dye and a few specialty chemicals are totally
consumed during the process. Most of the chemicals remain in the dye bath and are discarded
with it. The feasibility of dye bath re-use depends on dye, colour, shade and whether dyeing is
carried out in a batch or a continuous process. In some cases, dye baths can be re-used at least 5
- 10 times (in other cases up to 25 times) until the build-up of impurities limits further re-use.
7.5 Water Conservation Measures

Repair leaks, faulty valves etc
Establish maintenance checklists and set priorities for repair, depending on the severity of the
fault. Remember that small, constant leaks may look insignificant but the associated water loss
can be substantial, especially if multiplied over a whole site. Remember, too, that leaks continue
for 24 hours/day, seven days/week.
Turn off running taps and hoses
This simple procedure can result in substantial savings. People are often unaware of the cost of
leaving taps and hoses running. They are more likely to turn off running taps and hoses if they
are made aware of the annual cost of waste. Meanwhile, fixing hand triggers to hoses is a
simple way of reducing water use and saving money.
Water Conservation Measures
Installing water meters to monitor water use,
Using automatic shut-off nozzles and marking hand-operated valves in such a way that open,
close and directed-flow positions are easily identified
Using high-pressure, low volume-cleaning systems, such as CIP (clean in place) for washing
equipment
Installing liquid level controls with automatic pump stops where overflow is not likely to
occur
Recycling cooling water through cooling towers
Minimizing spills on the floor minimizes floor washing in the dye house
Repairing leaks in the water pipe network
Handling solid waste dry
Recycling steam condensate whenever possible
55
Using technologies which do not require large quantities of water, such as low dye bath ratio,
high pressure steam washing and plasma cleaning of fabrics
Process Water Re-Use Options
Significant savings can be made in textile processing industries by recovering and re-using of
water at processes itself. Few areas where these options can be examined by the units are out
lined hereunder:
Recycling of final wash water after H2O2 bleaching as a wash water for second scouring
step or for earlier bleaching steps
Reusing bleaching wash water to start another bleaching batch
Re-use of hot bleach water for starting optical brightening batch
Re-use of optical brightening wash water to start another batch of optical brightening batch
Final wash water of cone scouring and bleaching can be used as wash water for scouring
and bleaching
Cold rinse water used after scouring step for sulphur black dying can be used for the
reduction step
Re-use of hydrosulphite wash water for another batch of hydrosulphite batch
Re- use of clarified print wash water in washing and blankets and screens of the print
machine
7.6 Energy Conservation Measures
Insulation of steam pipelines

Insulation of steam traps
Repairing or replacing steam valves
Maximizing boiler efficiency by periodical maintaiance
Re-use of condensate
Adoption of low temperature dying & printing
Installing pressure regulators on steam lines
Monitoring the rate of energy consumption for the factory (KWH/kg product) and
comparing it with the international standards
Reducing the rate of end breaks per thousand spindle per hour on the spinning machine,
because the production / hour increases while the energy consumption is constant,
resulting in lower specific energy consumption
Optimizing the level of light intensity, and avoiding bright lighting of work area
7.7 Establish a Waste Management Team

The first step is to include a waste management team with the responsibility, commitment and
resources for implementing water, chemicals, and effluent management programme. The stages
for implementing water, chemical and effluent management programme are:
Establish a management team

56
Plan the programme (resources, targets and time scales)

Carryout an audit to establish water and chemicals use and effluent production
Identify all opportunities for reducing the consumption of water and chemicals
Assess the feasibility of options
Implement the solutions
Monitor the implemented options
Report the progress and cost savings to the work force and to management
Manage the initiate to sustain and increase savings

57
CHAPTER 8
Checklists
8.0 Checklist for CTE
A. Documentation Check List

S.No.
01.
02.
03.
04.
05.
06.
07.
08.
09.
10.
11.
Document
Completely filled application form
duly signed by authorized signatory
Document authorizing the applicant
for signing application and other
documents
Copy of memorandum of article of
Association/Partnership deed
Demand Draft for consent fee
Copy of the DIC Registration or
enlistment/copy
of
SIA
acknowledgement
Copy of the duly signed project
report
Certificate
from
Chartered
Accountant for capital investment (In
case capital investment is 25 lakhs or
more)
Copy
of
letter
of
land
allotment/conversion letter from the
competent authority
Copy of the site plan
Report on the proposed pollution
control measures (For all Red category
units and large/medium scale units in
Orange category)
Undertaking in the prescribed format
on non-judicial stamp paper of RS.
10/- only duly attested by notary
public
Yes
No
Remarks
B. Environmental Check List

General
12.
Category of industry
(Red/Orange/Others)
13.
Requirement of Consent To Establish
(Water Act only/ Air Act only/ Both
Acts)
Land Environment
14.
15.
16.
17.
Whether
location
falls
under
restrictions on development projects
in Aravali region and Mount Abu
zone?
Whether the proposed site falls with
in critically polluted area identified by
CPCB?
Whether adequate land provision is
made for establishment of treatment
system, disposal of effluents, storage
of HW solids
and development of
green belt
Whether the proposed project is in
conformity with the approved master
plan/development plan of the area, if
any?
Water Environment
18.
19.
20.
21.
Whether estimation of water demand

for peak requirement is assessed?
Whether reliable source of water for
peak demand is identified?
Whether it is proposed to use ground
water?
If yes, whether NOC from CGWA is
required as per the norms?
If yes, whether NOC from CGWA
obtained?
Whether any rainwater harvesting
structures proposed to re-charge
ground water?

59
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
Whether stream wise estimation of

effluent is assessed (quantity & critical
parameters)?
Whether segregation of effluent is
planned?
What is the mode of effluent
conveyance from source to ETP
(closed or open)?
Whether precautionary measures to
avoid direct mixing of rainwater with
effluent streams is proposed?
Whether ETP and storage tanks are
planned below ground level or above
ground level?
Whether adequate safety measures
are proposed to avoid contamination
of
ground
water
due
to
leakages/spillages from the ETP and
storage tanks?
Whether on site ETP is proposed? If
yes, whether ETP is designed to meet
the norms of the Board?
Whether separate energy meter is
planned for ETP?
Whether requirement of alternative
power supply for the continuous
operation of ETP is assessed?
Whether meters to record the
wastewater generated/recycled etc
are planned?
Whether
proposal
for
water
conservation measures such as
reduce/recycle/reuse are explored?
Whether it is proposed to send the
effluent to CETP?
If yes, pre treatment details to meet
inlet standards of CETP.
Whether CETP is having CTO/HWA
of the Board?
What is the mode of conveyance of
the effluent from the unit to CETP?
Whether adequate impervious storage
facility is provided for storing pretreated water ( disposal to CETP) and
treated effluents( In house ETP)?

60
35.
36.
37.
Whether adequate number of water

meters proposed to record the water
consumption as per cess criteria?
Whether all outlet(s) are properly
reported?
Whether adequate storm water
drainage is planned and measures
taken to avoid contamination of storm
water?
Air Environment
38.
39.
40.
41.
Whether all sources of air pollution

identified and included in CTE
application?
Whether sampling ports proposed for
chimneys as per guidelines given in
emission standards of CPCB?
Whether minimum stack height is
proposed as per the norms?
Whether fugitive emission sources
identified and if so measures
proposed?
Hazardous Wastes
42.
43.
44.
45.
Whether all sources of hazardous

wastes are identified/ quantified/
categorized as per the norms?
Whether adequate provisions made
for collection and storage of
hazardous waste?
Whether proposed method of disposal
of hazardous wastes is identified?
Recycling/on site land fill facility/on
site incineration /common incinerator
/ TSDF / authorized re-cyclers
Whether pre treatment is required
before land filling?

61
46.
47.
If it is proposed to dispose at common

treatment facility, name of the facility
and whether the common facility is
having CTO/HWA of the Board?
Whether the facility is having capacity
and pre treatment (if required) to
handle the waste from the unit?
Mode of transportation of HW from
the unit to TSDF?
Noise Environment
48.
Whether noise due to unit operations

and DG set is addressed?
Green belt
49.
50.
Whether EMP outlined the green belt

development?
Whether soil suitability for the
development of green belt is
addressed?
Dye Management
51.
Whether specific commitment is given

on compliance of notification on
Prohibition of handling of Azodyes?
8.1 Checklist for CTO & HWA
A. Documentation Check List

01.
02.
03.
04.
Completely filled application form

duly signed by authorized signatory
Document authorizing the applicant
for signing application and other
documents
Demand Draft for consent fee
Undertaking in the prescribed format
on non-judicial stamp paper of RS.
10/- only duly attested by notary
public

62
05.
Certificate from Chartered Accountant

for capital investment (In case capital
investment is 25 lacs or more)
B. Environmental Check List
General
06.
Category of industry
(Red/Orange/Others)
07.
Requirement of Consent To Establish
(Water Act only/ Air Act only/ Both
Acts)
08.
Whether the unit applied for the same
line of products and capacity as per
CTE (in case of first CTO) or CTO (in
case of renewal of CTO)?
09.
Whether
any
change
in
the
categorization of the unit due to
expansion/modernization or due to
change in the Board guidelines?
10.
Whether Document proof for capital
investment as on 31.3.. is
furnished?
11.
Is there any change in capital
investment with reference to previous
CTE/CTO application?
12.
Whether any HW is generated? If yes,
whether correct CTO fee paid?
13.
Whether copy of the environmental
statement (in case of renewal of CTO)
is furnished?
14.
Whether copy of Annual return of
HW is furnished?
Consent To Operate
15.
16.
17.
Whether report of compliance of the

CTE conditions (for first CTO) / CTO
conditions (for the renewal of consent)
are submitted?
Whether
any
amendment
to
CTE/CTO conditions is sought?
Whether environmental monitoring
reports (in case of renewal CTO) are
furnished?

63
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
Whether any court judgment issued

against the unit? If yes, whether
compliance report/ status report
furnished?
Whether the unit falls under the
purview of Self assessment Scheme
Cess? If yes, whether cess paid as per
the RSPCB scheme (in case of CTO
renewal)
Whether the unit filed the cess returns
as per the requirements? Cess returns
filed up to. and cess paid up to
and copies are furnished?
Whether the unit is claiming the cess
rebate?
Whether any change in the quantity of
water requirement?
Whether any change in the quantity of
effluent generated and disposal
mechanism?
Whether the EMP implemented as per
the CTE / CTO application?
Whether any change in the pollution
control systems?
Whether water meters provided?
Whether energy meters for Pollution
Control Systems are provided?
Whether the unit is a member of
CETP? If yes, whether details such as
name of CETP, manifest maintained,
details of the quantity of effluent sent
to CETP (monthly basis for the last 12
months) are furnished?
Whether CETP issued any notice to
the unit for not meeting the in let
standards and or any time rejected the
effluent? If yes, details to be furnished.
Whether all sources of air pollution
are identified and included in CTO
application? Whether any changes in
sources and APC system from that
CTE/CTO given earlier?
Whether measures adopted for
abatement
of
noise
pollution
identified?

64
32.
33.
34.
35.
Whether green belt provided as

submitted
in
the
CTE/CTO
application?
Whether the unit had complied the
Notification
of
prohibition
on
handling of Azodyes?
Whether unit had implemented any
CPC
or
identified
CPC
for
implementation?
Whether the unit provided trained
manpower for the operation of ETP?
Hazardous Waste Authorization
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
Whether HW quantities are furnished

for different categories as per the
norms?
Whether report of compliance of the
previous
HWA
conditions
is
submitted in case of renewal of HWA?
Whether
provisions
made
for
collection and storage of hazardous
waste?
Whether proposed method of disposal
of hazardous wastes is identified?
Recycling/on site land fill facility/on
site incineration /common incinerator
/TSDF/ authorized re-cyclers
Whether pre treatment is required
before land filling?
If it is proposed to dispose at common
treatment facility, name of the facility
and whether the common facility is
having CTO/HWA of the Board?
Whether the facility is having capacity
and pre treatment (if required) to
handle the waste from the unit?
Mode of transportation of HW from
the unit to TSDF?
Whether the unit is proposing to
dispose within 90 days provision or
any specific time frame to dispose the
low quantity waste is furnished?

65
44.
Whether hazardous waste manifests

are maintained for all types of
hazardous
wastes
given
in
authorization?

66
======================================================================
Annexures
======================================================================
Annexure - 1
Performa Affidavit for CTE/CTO
I, _______________ (with name and designation) S/o Shri __________________ Resident of

__________________ do solemnly affirm and declare as under:1.
That I am responsible for establishing / operating the unit named M/s.

_________________________ (Name & address of the unit).
2.
That I, ____________________ (with name and designation) am authorized to sign the

consent application form and other enclosures with the application.
3.
That the plot area of the unit is ____________________ Sq. Meters.
4.
That the number of workers to carry out various activities in the unit is
_________________________.
5.
That the total number of employees proposed in the unit is _______________.
6.
That the total capital investment on the project is Rs. _________________.
7.
That this Consent to Establish/Operate is being obtained for manufacturing

of/providing service for ________________ up to _________________ per year. In case of
any increase/change in capacity or addition/modification/alteration or change in
process or raw material or project or discharge points, we will obtain fresh Consent to
Establish.
8.
That the quantity of trade/domestic effluent shall not exceed __________ KLD. The
mode of disposal shall be ________________. In case of any increase in quantity of
effluent or alteration in outlet or mode of disposal, we shall obtain prior consent from
the Board.
OR
That there will no effluent discharge from the premises (applicable only in the case of
dry units).
9.
That the industry is a small/medium/large scale unit with SSI Registration No. / DGTD
Registration No. /Letter to Intent No. ___________________.
10.
That all adequate measures for control / treatment / disposal of water/air pollution and
Hazardous solid waste from the various processes/activities will be taken to meet the
prescribed standards as per the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 as amended to
date and/ or as stipulated by the RSPCB.

68
11.
That adequate pollution control measures will be provided to comply the

norms
12.
That if Diesel Generator Sets (of capacity 5 KVA or more) shall be installed it will be EcoFriendly or with inbuilt acoustic enclosures to meet the prescribed norms w.r.t. noise as
per the Gazette Notification on Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India
dated 2.1.1999. Adequate stack height with D.G. Set(s) shall also be provided and
maintained and shall submit noise monitoring report.
13.
That all orders and directions issued by the Board from time to time shall be complied
with.
14.
That the name and addresses of Managing Director or other working Directors or
Partner shall be given ____________ under. Any change there of shall be intimation
immediately to the State Board.
DEPONENT
VERIFICATION
Verified at _____________ on this __________ (day, month and year) that the above
contents of this affidavit are true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief and
nothing has been concealed there from.
DEPONENT
Note: The aforementioned Affidavit must be duly signed by the Deponent and duly attested by
the Notary Public thereof.
Note: Please omit whatever is not applicable.

69
Annexure-2
Consent To Establish Fee (Schedule IV) - Water Act
SCHEDULE IV (See rule 29) Part I Fee for Industries other than Mining Units
S. No Capital Investment of the Industry
Consent Fee to Establish (Rs)
Upto 5 Lacs
3,000
Other than
Appendix A and B
2,000
1,000
More than 5 Lacs upto 10 Lacs
4,500
3,000
1,500
6,000
4,000
2,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
More than 50 Lacs upto 1 Crore
15,000
10,000
5,000
More than 1 Crore upto 5 Crore
18,000
12,000
6,000
24,000
16,000
8,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
37,500
25,000
12,500
10
45,000
30,000
15,000
11
1,05,000
70,000
35,000
12
1,27,500
85,000
42,500
13
1,50,000
1,00,000
50,000
14
1,87,500
1,25,000
62,500
15 Above 1000 Crore

2,25,000
1,50,000
th
Refer Notification dated 10 December, 2010 for details, DoE, Rajasthan
75,000
(Rs.)
Appendix A
Appendix B
Note:
1. The categorization of the projects is as Notified by the DOE, Government of Rajasthan vide dated
10th December, 2010
2. All projects requiring environmental clearance under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 shall
pay an extra amount of Rs. 15,000/- as one time consent fee to establish in addition to that mentioned
in Schedule.
3. All industries/process/projects/activities generating HW as defined under the HW (MH&TM) Rules
2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with
fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW
covered under category 5.1 of schedule 1 of HW (MH&TM) Rules 2008 if the quantity of waste /used
/spent oil is < 5 KL per annum
70
Annexure- 3
Consent To Establish Fee (Schedule IV) - Air Act
SCHEDULE (See rule 5) Part I Fee for Industries other than Mining Units
S.
Capital Investment of the Industry
No
Consent Fee to Establish (Rs)
1 Upto 5 Lacs
3,000
Other than
Appendix A and B
2,000
1,000
2 More than 5 Lacs upto 10 Lacs
4,500
3,000
1,500
6,000
4,000
2,000
9,000
6,000
3,000
5 More than 50 Lacs upto 1 Crore
15,000
10,000
5,000
6 More than 1 Crore upto 5 Crore
18,000
12,000
6,000
24,000
16,000
8,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
37,500
25,000
12,500
45,000
30,000
15,000
1,05,000
70,000
35,000
1,27,500
85,000
42,500
1,50,000
1,00,000
50,000
1,87,500
1,25,000
62,500
15 Above 1000 Crore

2,25,000
1,50,000
th
Refer DOE, Rajasthan Notification dated 10 December, 2010 for details
75,000
(Rs.)
Appendix A
Appendix B
Note:
1. The categorization of the projects is as Notified by the DOE, Government of Rajasthan vide dated 10th
December, 2010
2. All projects requiring environmental clearance under the Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 shall
pay an extra amount of Rs. 15,000/- as one time consent fee to establish in addition to that mentioned
in Schedule.
2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with
fee equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW
71
Annexure- 4
Areas as Identified by CGWA as Safe Areas, Semi Critical Areas, Critical Areas & Over
Exploited Areas
S.No
District
No of Blocks
Safe
Semi-Critical
Critical
Ajmer
Alwar
1.kekri
2. Masuda
14
1.Thanagaji
Banswara
Baran
Barmer
Bharatpur
Bhilwara
1.
Pipalkunt
1. Chhabra
2.kishangarh
3. Shabad
1.Anandpuri
2.Bagidaura
3.Ghatol
4.Kushalgarh
5.Sajjangarh
6.Talwara
1.chhipabarod
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Deeg
Kaman
Kumher
Nagar
Rupwas
11

Over-Exploited
7
1.Arain
2.Bhinai
3.jawala
4,.3Peesangan
5.Silora
6.srinagar
1.Bahror
2.Bansur
3.ktathumar
4. kishangarhbas
5.kotkasim
6.Laxmangarh
7.Mandawar
8.Neemrana
9.Rajgarh
10.Ramgarh
11.Raini
12.Tijara
13.Umrain
Gadi
1.Anta
1.Atru
2.Baran
1.Chuhtan
2.Singhri
1.Bayatu
2. Balotra
3.Dhorimanna
4.Shiva
1.
2.
3.
1.Bayana
1.
2.
3.
Kotadi
Shaara
Shahpura
Nadbai
Sewar
Weir
1.Asind
2.Baneda
3.Hurda
72
Bikaner
Bundi
10 Chittorgarh
11 Churu
1. Lunkaransar
2. Kolayat
1. Dungargarh
14
1. Churu
2. Atangarh
3. Sardarshahar
12 Dausa
13 Dholpur
1. Bari
14 Dungarpur
1. Aspur
15 Ganganagar
1. Anupgarh
2. Ganganagar
3. Karanpur
4. Padampur
5. Raisingh nagar
6. Sadulshahar
7. Suratgarh

1. Kesorai Patan
2. Talera
1. Bhainsrorgarh -
1. Sujangarh
4.Jahajpur
5.Mandal
6.Mandalgarh
7.Raipur
8.suwana
1. Bikaner
2. Nokha
1. Hindoli
2. Nainwa
1. Amod
2. Bari Sadri
3. Begun
4. Bhadesar
5. Bhopalsagar
6. Chhotisadri
7. Chittorgarh
8. Dungla
9. Gangrar
10. Kapasan
11. Nimbahera
12. Pratapgarh
13. Rashmi
1. Rajgarh
1. Baseri
1. Bichhiwara
2. Dungarpur
1. Bandikui
2. Dausa
3. Lalsot
4. Mahua
5. Sirai
1. Dholpur
2. Rajakhera
1. Sagwara
2. Simalwara
73
16 Hanumangarh
17 Jaipur
13
1. Bhadra
2. Hanumangarh
3. Nohar
1. Dudu
2. Phagi
18 Jaisalmer
19 Jalore
20 Jhalawar
1. Sam
1. Amer
2. Bairath
3. Bassi
4. Chaksu
5. Govindgarh
6. Jamwa Ramgarh
7. Jhotwara
8. Kotputli
9. Sambher
10. Sanganer
11. Shahpura
1. Jaisalmer
2. Sankra
1. Ahore
2. Bhinmal
3. Jalore
4. Jaswantpura
5. Raniwara
6. Sanchore
7. Sayla
1. Bakani
2. Dag
3. Jhalra
Patan
4. Khanpur
21 Jhunjhunu
1. Alsisar
22 Jodhpur
1. Bap
23 Karauli
24 Kota

1. Manoha Thana
2. Pirawa
1. Bhuhana
2. Chirawa
3. Jhunjhunu
4. Khetri
5. Nawalgarh
6. Surajgarh
7. Udaipurwati
1. Phalodi
1. Nadauti
1. Balesar
2. Bhopalgarh
3. Bilara
4. Mandore
5. Osaian
1. Hindaun
1. Sapotra
2. Karauli
3. Todabhim
1. Sultanpur 1. Itawa
2. Khairabad
3. Ladpura
4. Sangod
1. Luni
2. Shergarh
74
25 Nagaur
11
26 Pali
10
27 Rajsamand
1. Nagaur
1. Ladnu
1. Bamanwas 1. Gangapur
2. Sawai Madhopur
2. Bonli
3. Khandar
28 Sawaimadhopur 5
29 Sikar
30 Sirohi
Tonk
32 Udaipur
11
31
1. Degana
2. Didwana
3. Kuchaman
4. Merla
5. Mundwa
6. Parbaisar
7. Riyan
1. Jaitaran
1. Bali
2. Kharchi
2. Desuri
3. Rani
3. Pali
4. Sojat
4. Raipur
5. Sumerpur
5. Rohit
1. Railmagra 1. Amet
2. Rajsamand 2. Bhim
3. Deogarh
4. Khamnor
5. Kumbhalgarh
1. Jayal
2. Makrana
1. Fatehpur
Total
237
32
14
(Source: CGWA No: 21-4/Guidelines/CGWA/2009-832 dated 14.10. 2009)

1. Danta Ramgarh
2. Dhod
3. Khandella
4. Lachhmangarh
5. Neem Ka Thana
6. Piprali
7. Sri Madhopur
1. Abu Road 1. Reodar
2. Pindwara 2. Sheoganj
3. Sirohi
1. Deoli
2. Malpura
3. Newai
4. Toda Rai
Singh
5. Tonk
1. Kherwara
2. Kotra
3. Sarada
1. Untara
1. Badgaon
2. Bhinder
3. Dhariawad
4. Girwa
5. Gogunda
6. Jhadot
7. Mavli
8. Salumber
50
140
75
Annexure - 5
Sector Specific Environmental Standards
S.No.
Industry
Parameter
Standard
Concentration not to
exceed,
milligrams
per liter (except for
pH and bioassay)
Man-Made Fibres
(Synthetic)*
Suspended solids
100
Bio-chemical oxygen demand 30

[BOD 3 days at 27oC]
pH
5.5 to 9.0
Common
pH
Suspended solids
Bio-Chemical Oxygen
5.5 to 9
100
150
* S.No 60 may also be referred

6
Cotton Textile Industries

(Composite and
Processing)
Demand 1[3days at 27oC]

Oil and grease
Bio-assay test
Special:
Total chromium as (Cr)
Sulphide (as S)
Phenolic compounds (as
C4H2OH)
10
90% survival of fish of
after 96 hours
2
2
5
The special parameters are to be stipulated by the Central Board in case of Union territories
and State Boards in case of States depending upon the dye used in the industry. Where the
industry uses chrome dyes, sulphur dyes and/or phenolic compounds in the dyeing/printing
process, the limits on chromium of 2 mg/litre, sulphides of 2 mg/litre and phenolic
compounds of 5 mg/litre respectively shall be imposed.
Where the quality requirement of the recipient system so warrants, the limit of BOD should be
lowered upto 30 according to the requirement by the State Boards for the States and the
Central Board for the union territories.
The State Boards should impose a limit on sodium absorption ratio of 26 for the States and the
Central Board for the Union territories if the disposal of effluent is to be made on land.

76
Composite Woolen
Mills
Common:
Special:
Concentration not be
exceed,
milligrams
per later (except for
pH and bioassay)
Suspended Solids
100
pH
5.5 to 9.0
Bio-chemical oxygen demand

1[3days at 27oC]
100
Oil and grease
10
Bio-assay
90% survival of fish

after 96 hrs.
Total chromium (as Cr)
Sulphide (as S)
Phenolic Compounds (as

C6H5OH)
The special parameters are to be stipulated by the Central Board in case of Union territories
and State Boards in case of State depending upon the dye used in the industry. Where the
industry uses chrome dyes, sulphur dyes and or/phenolic compounds in the dyeing/printing
process, the limits on chromium of 2 mg/litre, sulphides of 2 mg./litre and phenolic
compounds of 5 mg/litre respectively shall be imposed.
Where the quality requirement of the recipient system so warrants, the limit of BOD should be
lowered upto 30 according to the requirement by the State Boards for the States and the
Central Board for the Union territories.
The State Boards should impose a limit on sodium absorption ratio of 26 for the States and the
Central Board for the Union Territories if the disposal of the effluent is to be made on land.
60
Man-Made Fibres
industry (SemiSynthetic)
Effluent
Concentration
in
mg/l except for pH
pH
5.5-9.0
Suspended solids
100
BOD [3 DAYS AT 27C]
30
Zinc (as Zn)
Source: S.O. 844(E) dated 19th November 1986 amended G.S.R.422 (E) dated 19th May 1993

77
Annexure - 6
General Emission Standards
S.No
Parameter
Standard
Concentration not to exceed in mg/Nm3
1
Particulate Matter (PM)
150
2
Total Fluoride
25
3
Asbestos
4 Fibres/cc and dust should not be more
than 2 mg/Nm3
4
Mercury
0.2
5
Chlorine
15
6
Hydrochloric acid vapour and mist
35
7
Sulphuric acid mist
50
8
Carbon monoxide
1% max. (v/v)
9
Lead
10 mg/Nm3
Source: G.S.R. 422(E) dated 19.05.1993 amended vide G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993

78
Annexure - 7
Standards for Small Boilers

70
Particulate Matter Emission

(mg/nm3)
Less than 2 ton/hr
1200*
2 to less than 10
800*
10 to less than 15
600*
15 and above
150**
* To meet the respective standards, cyclone/multi cyclone is recommended as control
equipment with the boiler
Small Boilers
Steam Generating Capacity
** To meet the standard, bag filter/ESP is recommended as control equipment with the
boiler
Note:
12% of CO2 correction shall be the reference value for particulate matter emission
standards for all categories of boilers
These limits shall supercede the earlier limits notified under Schedule I at serial number
34 of Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 vide notification GSR 742(E), dated 30th
August, 1990
Stack Height for small Boilers
For the small boilers using coal or liquid fuels, the required stack height with the boiler
shall be calculated by using the formula
H=14 Q0.3
Where: HTotal stack height in meters from the ground level
: Q=SO2 emission rate in kg/hr
In no case the stack height shall be less than 11 meters
Where providing all stacks are not feasible using above formula the limit of 400
mg/Nm3 for SO2 emission shall be met by providing necessary control equipment with
a minimum stack height of 11 meters
Source: G.S.R 176 (E) 02.04.1996

79
Annexure - 8
National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS)
S.
No
Pollutant
(1)
1
(2)
Sulphur dioxide
(SO2), g/m3
Nitrogen Dioxide
(NO2), g/m3
Particulate Matter
(Size less than
10m) or
PM10g/m3
Particulate Matter
(Size less than
2.5m) or
PM2.5g/m3
Ozone (O3)
g/m3
Lead (Pb)
g/m3
Carbon
Monoxide (CO)
mg/ m3
Ammonia (NH3)
g/m3
Benzene (C6H6)
g/m3
Time
Weighted
Average
24 hours**
Concentration in Ambient Air

Industrial,
Ecologically
Methods of
Residential, sensitive area
measurement
Rural and
(notified by
other areas
central
government)
(4)
(5)
(6)
50
20
-Improved West & Gaeke
-Ultraviolet fluorescence
80
80
40
30
-Modified Jacob &
Hochheiser (Na80
80
arsenite)
-Chemiluminescence
60
60
- Gravimetric
- TOEM
100
100
- Beta attenuation
Annual*
40
40
24 hours**
60
60
8 hours**
100
100
1 hour**
Annual*
180
0.50
180
0.50
24 hours**
1.0
1.0
8 hours**
02
02
1 hour**
Annual*
24 hours**
04
100
400
04
100
400
Annual*
05
05
(3)
Annual*
24 hours**
Annual*
24 hours**
Annual*

- Gravimetric
- TOEM
- Beta attenuation
- UV photometric
- Chemiluminescence
- Chemical method
-AAS/ICP method after
sampling on EPM 2000
or equivalent filter paper
-ED-XRF using Teflon
filter
-Non Dispersive Infra
Red (NDIR)
spectroscopy
- Chemiluminescence
- Indophenol blue
method
-Gas chromatography
based continuous
analyzer
-Adsorption and
Desorption followed by
GC analysis
80
10
11
12
Benzo(a)Pyrene
(BaP)
particulate phase
only, ng/m3
Arsenic (As)
ng/m3
Annual*
01
01
-Solvent extraction
followed by HPLC/GC
analysis
Annual*
06
06
Nickel (Ni)
ng/m3
Annual*
20
20

* Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken
twice a week 24 hourly at uniform intervals
** 24 hourly or 08 hourly or 01 hourly monitored values, as applicable, shall be complied with
98% of the time in a year. 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive
days of monitoring.
Note:
Whenever and wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring exceed the
limits specified above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to
institute regular or continuous monitoring and further investigation
(Source: MoEF Notification dated 16th November 2009)

81
Annexure - 9
Noise Ambient Air Quality Standards
Area code
A
B
C
D
Category of area
Industrial area
Commercial area
Residential area
Silence zone
Limits in db (A) Leq

Day time
Night time
75
70
65
55
55
45
50
40
Note:
1. Day time shall mean from 6.00 a.m. to 10.00 p.m.
2. Night time shall mean from 10.00 p.m. to 6.00 a.m.
3. Silence zone is an area comprising not less than 100 meters around hospitals, educational
institutions, courts, religious places or any other area, which is declared as such by the
competent authority.
4. Mixed categories of areas may be declared as one of the four above-mentioned categories by
the competent authority.
* dB(A) Leq denotes the time weighted average of the level of sound in decibels on scale A
which is relatable to human hearing.
A decibel is a unit in which noise is measured.
A, in dB(A) Leq, denotes the frequency weighting in the measurement of noise and
corresponds to frequency response characteristics of the human ear.
Leq: It is an energy mean of the noise level over a specified period.
(Source: Noise pollution (Regulation and control) Rules, 2000)

82
Annexure - 10
Certificate of Capital Investment
(To be issued by C.A)
This is to certify that the total capital investment (without deprecation) made by the project
proponent M/s.. for the project situated at. as on the
end of the financial year 31st March of financial year .is Rs .. . The details of
investment in various subheads are as follows
S.No
1
2
3
4
Item
Land
Building
Plant & Machinery
Miscellaneous fixed Assets
Total
Investment in Lakhs
Signature
Name:..
Designation:..
Name of firm:..
Registration Number:..
Date.
Note:
In case of Limited company (public /private) or partnership firm please enclose copy of latest
balance sheet
In case of the project or any item of the project is taken on lease or on rent investment will
include the cost of the item /project incurred by the owner / lessor

83
Annexure- 11
Consent To Operate Fee (Schedule IV) - Water Act
S.
No.
Capital investment (in Rs)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
For Consent To Operate

Appendix A
Appendix B
Other than Appendix A and B
For 1
For 3
For 1 For 5 Years For 1 Year For 10 Years
Year
Years
Year
3
4
5
6
7
8
1400
4000
1200
5000
1000
9000
2100
6000
1800
8000
1500
13500
2800
8000
2400
11000
2000
18000
4000
11000
3500
16000
3000
27000
4800
13000
4200
19000
3600
32000
6400
17000
5600
25000
4800
43000
Upto 5 Lacs
More than 5 lacs upto 10 lacs
More than 50 lacs upto 1 crore
More than 1 crore upto 5 crores
More than 5 crores upto 10
8000
22000
7000
crores
8 More than 10 crores upto 25
9600
26000
8400
crores
12000
33000 10500
crores
22000
60000 19000
crores
31000
84000 26000
crores
44000
120000 38000
crores
53000
145000 45000
crores
14 More than 750 crores upto
57000
155000 49000
1000 crores
15 Above 1000 crores
61000
166000 53000
Ref: Notification dated 10th December 2010, DoE, Govt of Rajasthan
32000
6000
54000
38000
7200
65000
48000
9000
81000
86000
15000
135000
120000
21000
189000
175000
30000
270000
205000
36000
324000
225000
39000
351000
245000
42000
378000
December, 2010
2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee
equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW
3. The Concessional fee for consent to operate shall only be applicable for the period as specified in the
schedule and no concessional fee is applicable for intervening period

84
Annexure - 12
Consent To Operate Fee (Schedule IV) - Air Act
For Consent To Operate

S.
No.
Capital investment (in Rs)
Appendix A
Appendix B
For 1
For 3 Years For 1
For 5
Year
Year
Years
3
4
5
6
1400
4000
1200
5000
2100
6000
1800
8000
2800
8000
2400
11000
4000
11000
3500
16000
4800
13000
4200
19000
2
Upto 5 Lacs
More than 50 lacs upto 1 crore
More than 1 crore upto 5
6400
17000
5600
crores
8000
22000
7000
crores
9600
26000
8400
crores
12000
33000
10500
crores
22000
60000
19000
crores
31000
84000
26000
crores
44000
120000
38000
crores
53000
145000
45000
crores
14 More than 750 crores upto
57000
155000
49000
1000 crores
15 Above 1000 crores
61000
166000
53000
Ref: Notification dated 10th December 2010, DoE, Govt of Rajasthan
1
2
3
4
5
6
Other than Appendix A

and B
For 1 Year For 10 Years
7
8
1000
1500
2000
3000
3600
9000
13500
18000
27000
32000
25000
4800
43000
32000
6000
54000
38000
7200
65000
48000
9000
81000
86000
15000
135000
120000
21000
189000
175000
30000
270000
205000
36000
324000
225000
39000
351000
245000
42000
378000
December, 2010
2008 and requiring authorization thereunder, the application for consent shall be accompanied with fee
equal to one and half times of the amount of fee prescribed under the schedule, other than th HW
3. The Concessional fee for consent to operate shall only be applicable for the period as specified in the
schedule and no concessional fee is applicable for intervening period
85
Annexure - 13
Consent Fee Structure with Reference to Submission Time of CTO Application
Consent To Operate (First Time)
S.No
1
2
Time of making an application to the state Board for

Consent to Operate
If made, at least four months before the expiry of
period of consent to establish
I If made, between four to three months, before the
expiry of period of consent to establish
Consent Fee
Fee as per Schedule IV
With additional fee of 25% of

the
fee
prescribed
in
Schedule IV
If made, between three to two months before the With additional fee of 50% of
the
fee
prescribed
in
Schedule IV
If made, between two to one month, before the With additional fee of 75% of
the
fee
prescribed
in
Schedule IV
If made, with in one months, before the expiry of With additional fee of 100%
period of consent to establish
(double the amount) of the
fee prescribed in Schedule IV
Consent To Operate (Renewal)

S.No
1
2
Time of making an application to the state Board for

Consent to Operate
If made, at least four months before the expiry of
period of consent to operate
I If made, between four to three months, before the
expiry of period of consent to operate
Consent Fee
Fee as per Schedule IV
With additional fee of 25% of

the
fee
prescribed
in
Schedule IV
3
If made, between three to two months before the With additional fee of 50% of
the
fee
prescribed
in
Schedule IV
4
If made, between two to one month, before the With additional fee of 75% of
the
fee
prescribed
in
Schedule IV
5
If made, with in one months, before the expiry of With additional fee of 100%
period of consent to operate
(double the amount) of the
fee prescribed in Schedule IV
Ref: G.S.R 38 Dated 24 June 2010 of Department of Environment, Govt.of Rajasthan

86
Annexure - 14
Form-V
Environmental statement
Part A
Name and address of the owner/occupier of the industry operation or process

Industry category primary- (STC Code) Secondary- (SIC Code)
Production capacity
Year of the establishment
Date of last environmental statement submitted
Part B
Water and raw material consumption

(1)
Water consumption m3/d

Process
Cooling
Domestic
Name of Products
Process Water consumption per unit of product output

During the Previous
During the current
Financial year
financial year
(1)
(2)
(1)
(2)
(3)
Raw material consumption
* Name of raw
Materials
Name of
products
Consumption of raw material per unit of output

-------------------------------------------------------------------During the previous
during the current
Financial year
financial year
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*Industry may use codes if disclosing details of raw material would violate contractual
obligations; otherwise all industries have to name the taw materials used.
87
Part C
Pollution discharged to environment/unit of output (Parameter as specified in the consent
issued)
(1) Pollutants
Quality of
pollutants
discharged
(mass/day)
Concentrations of
pollutants
discharges
(Mass/volume)
Percentage of
variation from
prescribed
standards with
reasons
(a) Water
(b) Air
Part D
Hazardous Wastes
(As specified under hazardous wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989)
Hazardous Wastes
Total Quantity (Kg)

During the Previous
Financial year
During the current

financial year
a. From process
b. From pollution control facilities
Part E
Solid Wastes
Total Quantity
-----------------------------------------------------During the Previous During the current
Financial year
financial year
a. From process
b. From pollution control facilities
c. (1)
Quantity recycled or reutilized within the unit.
(2)
Sold
(3)
Disposed

88
Part F
Please specify the characterizations (in terms of composition of quantum) of hazardous as well
as solid wastes and indicate disposal practice adopted for both these categories of wastes.
Part G
Impact of the pollution abatement measures taken on conservation of natural resources and on
the cost of production.
Part H
Additional measures/investment proposal for environmental protection including abatement of
pollution, prevention of pollution
Part I
Any other particulars for improving the quality of the environment

89
Annexure - 15
Form for Filing Annual Returns by the Occupier or Operator of Facility HW Annual
Returns
To be submitted by occupier/operator of disposal facility of Sate Pollution Control
Board/Pollution Control Committee by 30th June of every year for the preceding period April to
March]
1.
2
3.
4.
Name and address of the

generator/operator of facility
Name of the authorized person
and full address with telephone
and fax number
Description of hazardous waste
Quantity of hazardous wastes

(in MTA)
:
:
Physical form with

description
Chemical form
Type of hazardous waste
Quantity (in Tonnes KL)
(a)
(b)
(c)
..
5.
6.
7.
Description of Treatment
Description of transportation
Details of transportation
:
:
:
8.
Details of disposal of hazardous

waste
9.
Quantity of useful materials

sent back to the manufacturers
and others
Name &
Address
Mode of
packing
Mode of
transportation
Date of
transportation
Name &
address of
consignee
Mode of
packing
Mode of
transportation
Date of
transportation
Name and type of material

sent back to
Quantity in Tonnes/KL
Manufacturers*
Others#
*Delete whichever is not applicable

# Enclose list of other agencies
Date: ..
Place: ..

Signature:
Designation:
90
Annexure - 16
Application for obtain Hazardous Waste Authorization
From: .
To
The Member Secretary,
..Pollution Control Board/Pollution Control Committee
Sir,
I/We hereby apply for authorization/renewal of authorization under sub-rule (3) of
Rule 5 of the Hazardous Waste (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules,
2008 for collection/reception/treatment/transport/storage/disposal of hazardous wastes.
For Office Use Only
5. Code No.
6. Whether the unit is situated in a critically polluted area as identified by Ministry of
Environment and Forests
To be filled in by Applicant
Part A: General
3.
4.
5.
6.
a. Name and address of the unit and location of activity:

b. Authorization required for (please tick mark appropriate activity/activities):
i.
Collection
ii.
Reception
iii.
Treatment
iv.
Transport
v.
Storage
vi.
Disposal
c. In case of renewal of authorization previous authorization number and date
a. Whether the unit is generating hazardous waste as defined in these rules
b. If so the type and quantity of wastes (in Tonnes/KL)
a. Total capital invested on the project (in rupees)
b. Year of commencement of production
c. Whether the industry works general/2shifts/round the clock
a. List and quantum of products and by-products (in Tinnes/KL)
b. List and quantum of raw material used (in Tonnes/KL)
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
7. Furnish a flow diagram of manufacturing process showing input and output in terms of
products, waste generated including for captive power generation and demineralised water
91
Part B: Hazardous Waste

8. Hazardous Wastes:
a. Type of hazardous wastes generated as defined under these rules :
b. Quantum of hazardous waste generated
:
c. Sources and waste characteristics
:
(Also indicate wastes amenable to recycling, re-processing and reuse)
d. Mode of storage within the plant, method of disposal and capacity : (Provide details)
9. Hazardous wastes generated as per these Rules from storage of hazardous chemicals as
defined under the Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical Rules, 1989
Part C: Treatment, Storage and Disposal Facility
10. Detailed proposal of the facility (to be attached) to include
i.
Location of site (provide map)
ii.
Name of waste processing technology
iii.
Details of processing technology
iv.
Type and quantity of waste to be processed per day
v.
Site clearance (from local authority, if any)
vi.
Utilization programme for waste processed (product utilization)
vii.
Method of disposal(details in brief be given)
viii.
Quality of waste to be displayed per day
ix.
Nature and composition of waste
x.
Methodology and operational details of land filling/incineration
xi.
Measures to be aken for prevention and control of
environmental pollution including treatment of leachate
xii.
Investment on project and expected returns
xiii.
Measures to be taken for safety of workers working in the plant
Place:
Date:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Signature:..
Designation:.
* Delete whichever is not applicable

92
Water Cess Returns

Name and
Address
of
the
consumer
Purpose
for which
water
consumed
Reading at
the
beginning
of the first
day of the
calendar
month
under
report
Reading
at
the
end
of
the last
day
of
calendar
month
under
report
1
2
3
4
1. Industrial cooling spraying in mine pits or
boiler food
2. Domestic purpose
3. Processing whereby water gets polluted and

the pollutants are easily bio-degradable
4. Processing whereby water gets polluted and

the pollutants are not easily bio-degradable and
are toxic
Annexure - 17
If the meter Quantity

water
was out of of
order
the qualifying
for rebate
monthly
according
average
to
the
consumption
of water for assessee
the previous 3
months
of
working
period
5
6
7
i. From municipal water supply mans
ii. From well/tube well
iii. From canal
iv. From river
v. From any other source
i. From municipal water supply
iii. From canal
iv. From river
iii. From canal
iv. From river
iii. From canal
iv. From river
Quantity
of
water
consumed
in
kilo
liters
Remarks
(*)
(*) For claiming rebate under col. 7 the assessee shall indicate in this column the analytical and
other reports annexed to this return in support of this claim
Signature of the consumer
Name
Address

93
Annexure - 18
Water Cess Rates
Purpose for which water is
Rate of Cess under Subconsumed
section (2) of Section 3
(1)
(2)
1. Industrial cooling, spraying Five paise for kilolitre
in mine pits or boiler feeds
2. Domestic purpose
Two paise per kilolitre
3. Processing whereby water Ten paise per kilolitre
gets
polluted
and
the
pollutants are
i. Easily biodegradable; or
ii. Non-toxic; or
iii. Both non-toxic and easily
biodegradable
4. Processing whereby water Fifteen paise per kilolitre
gets
polluted
and
the
pollutants are
i. Not easily biodegradable; or
ii. Toxic; or
iii. Both toxic and not easily
biodegradable
Source: S.O. 499 (E) dated 6th May 2003, MoEF
Rate of Cess under subsection (2A) of Section 3

(3)
Ten paise for kilolitre
Three paise per kilolitre
Twenty paise per kilolitre
Thirty paise per kilolitre
Note:
Further, in exercise of the powers conferred by sub-section (1) of section 16 of the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977 (36 of 1977), the Central Government
hereby exempts all industries consuming water less than ten kilo liters per day from the levy of
Cess specified in this notification
Provided that no such exemption shall be applicable in case of industries generating hazardous
wastes as defined in clause (i) of Rule 3 of the Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling)
Rules, 1989, made under section 6, 8 and 25 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 (29 of
1986)

94
Annexure - 19
CETP Inlet Standards
55.
COMMON EFFLUENT
TREATMENT PLANTS:
EFFLUENTS (Inlet effluent

quality for CETP)
(Concentration in mg/l)
A.
pH
5.5 9.0
Primary Treatment
Temperature C
45
Oil & Grease
10*
Phenolic Compounds (as

C6H5OH)
5.0
Ammonical Nitrogen
50
(as N)
Cynide (as CN)
2.0
Chromium hexavalent (as Cr+6)
2.0
Chromium (total)(as Cr)
2.0
Copper (as Cu)
3.0
Lead (as Pb)
1.0
Nickel (as Ni)
3.0
Zinc (as Zn)
15
Arsenic (as As)
0.2
Mercury (as Hg)
0.01
Cadmium (as Cd)
1.0
Selenium (as Se)
0.05
Fluoride (as F)
15
Boron (as B)
2.0
Radioactive Materials
Alpha emitters, Hc/ml
10-7
Beta emitters, He/ml
10-8
These Standards apply to the small-scale industries, i.e. total discharge up to 25 KL/Day.
For each CETP and its constituent units, the State Board will prescribe standards as per the local
needs and conditions; these can be more stringent than those prescribed above. However, in case
of clusters of units, the State Board with the concurrence of CPCB in writing may prescribe
suitable limits.
Source: G.S.R 93 (E) dated 21.02.1991

95
Annexure -20
General Standards for Discharge of Effluents
S.
No
Parameter
Inland surface
water
(a)
*
100
Standards
Public sewers
Land for
irrigation
(b)
(c)
------*
600
200
Marine coastal
areas
(d)
*
1. For process waste
water-100
2. For cooling water
effluent 10% above
total
suspended
matter of influent
1. Floatable solids
max. 3 mm
2. Settleable solids
max. 850 microns
5.5 to 9.0
Shall not exceed 50 C
above the receiving
water temperature
1
2
Color & odour

Suspended solids
mg/l, Max
Particle size of
suspended solids
Shall pass 850

Micron IS sieve
--
--
4
5
pH Value
Temperature
5.5 to 9.0
--
5.5 to 9.0
--
Oil and grease

mg/l Max.
Total
residual
chlorine mg/l Max.
Ammonical
Nitrogen (as N),
mg/l Max.
Total
Kjeldahl
nitrogen (as NH3),
mg/l Max.
Free ammonia (as
NH3), mg/l Max.
Bio-chemical
oxygen demand (3
days at 270 C), mg/l
max.
Chemical oxygen
demand,
mg/l
max.
Arsenic (as As),
mg/l max.
Mercury (as Hg),
mg/l max.
Lead (as Pb), mg/l
max.
5.5 to 9.0
Shall not exceed 50
C
above
the
receiving
water
temperature
10
20
10
20
1.0
--
--
1.0
50
50
--
50
100
--
--
100
5.0
--
--
5.0
30
350
100
100
250
--
--
250
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.2
0.01
0.01
--
0.01
0.1
1.0
--
2.0
7
8
10
11
12
13
14
15

96
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Cadmium (as Cd), 2.0

mg/l max.
0.1
Hexavalent
chromium (as Cr
+6), mg/l max.
Total chromium (as 2.0
Cr), mg/l max.
Copper (as Cu), 3.0
mg/l max.
Zinc (as Zn), mg/l 5.0
max.
Selenium (as Se), 0.05
mg/l max.
Nickel (as Ni), 3.0
mg/l max.
Cyanide (as CN), 0.2
mg/l max.
Fluoride (as F), 2.0
mg/l max.
5.0
Dissolved
phosphates (as P),
mg/l max.
Sulphide (as S), 2.0
mg/l max.
1.0
Phenolic
compounds
(as
C6H5OH),
mg/l
max.
Radio active materials:
a. Alpha emitter 10-7
micro curie/ml
b. Beta emitter 10-6
micro curie/ml
Bio-assay test
after 96 hours in
100% effluent
30
1.0
--
2.0
2.0
--
1.0
2.0
--
2.0
3.0
--
3.0
15
--
15
0.05
--
0.05
3.0
--
5.0
2.0
0.2
0.2
15
--
15
--
--
--
--
--
5.0
5.0
--
5.0
10-7
10-8
10-7
10-6
10-7
10-6
90% survival of
fish
after
96
hours in 100%
effluent
2
90% survival of
fish
after
96
hours in 100%
effluent
--

after 96 hours in
100% effluent
Manganese
(as 2
2
Mn), mg/l
31
Iron (as Fe), mg/l
3
3
-3
32
Vanadium (as V), 0.2
0.2
-0.2
mg/l
33
Nitrate
nitrogen, 10
--20
mg/l
* All efforts should be made to remove colour and unpleasant odour as far as practicable
These standards shall be applicable for industries, operations or processes other than those industries,
operations or process for which standards have been specified of the Environment Protection Rules, 1989
Source: G.S.R 422 (E) dated 19.05.1993 and G.S.R 801 (E) dated 31.12.1993 issued under the provisions of E
(P) Act 1986
97
Annexure - 21
Prohibition on the Handling of the Azodyes
Ministry of Environment & Forests, Government of India had prohibited on the handling of
following Azodyes vide S.O. 243 (E) dated 26th March 1997. The prohibition on the handling of
the Azodyes shall apply to the whole of India
S. No
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
28.
29.
30.
31.
32.
33.
34.
35.
36.
Colour Index Generic Number

Acid Red 4
Acid Red 5
Acid Red 24
Acid Red 26
Acid Red 73
Acid Red 114
Acid Red 115
Acid Red 116
Acid Red 128
Acid Red 148
Acid Red 150
Acid Red 158
Acid Red 167
Acid Red 264
Acid Red 265
Acid Red 420
Acid Violet 12
Acid Brown 415
Acid Black 131
Acid Black 132
Acid Black 209
Basic Red 111
Basic Red 42
Basic Brown 4
Developer 14 = Oxidation Base 20
Direct Yellow 48
Direct Orange 6
Direct Orange 7
Direct Orange 10
Direct Orange 108
Direct Red 2
Direct Red 7
Direct Red 21
Direct Red 22
Direct Red 24
Direct Red 26

Colour Index Number

14710
14905
16140
16150
27290
23635
27200
26660
24125
26665
27190
20530
18133
18129
18075
21010
76035
23660
23375
23380
23370
29173
23500
24100
23560
23565
29185
29190
98
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46.
47.
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
54.
55.
56.
57.
58.
59.
60.
61.
62.
63.
64.
65.
66.
67.
68.
69.
70.
Direct Red 39
Direct Red 46
Direct Red 62
Direct Red 67
Direct Red 72
Direct Violet 21
Direct Blue 1
Direct Blue 3
Direct Blue 8
Direct Blue 9
Direct Blue 10
Direct Blue 14
Direct Blue 15
Direct Blue 22
Direct Blue 25
Direct Blue 35
Direct Blue 53
Direct Blue 76
Direct Blue 151
Direct Blue 160
Direct Blue 173
Direct Blue 192
Direct Blue 201
Direct Blue 215
Direct Blue 295
Direct Green 85
Direct Blue 222
Direct Black 91
Direct Black 154
Disperse Yellow 7
Disperse Yellow 23
Disperse Yellow 56
Disperse Orange 149
Disperse Red 151

23630
23050
29175
23505
29200
23520
24410
23705
24140
24155
24340
23850
24400
24280
23790
24145
23860
24411
24175
24115
23820
30387
30368
30400
26090
26010
26130
99
Annexure - 22
Noise Limits for Generator Sets run with Diesel
1. Noise limit for diesel generator sets (up to 1000 KVA) manufacture on or after the 1st July
2003
The maximum permissible sound pressure level for new diesel generator (DG) sets with rated
capacity up to 1000 KVA, manufactured on or after the 1st July, 2003 shall be 75 dB (A) at 1
meter from the enclosure surface
The diesel generator sets should be provided with integral acoustic enclosure at the
manufacturing stage itself
The implementation of noise limit for these diesel generator sets shall be regulated as given in
paragraph 3 below
2. Noise limit for DG sets not covered by paragraph 1
Noise limits for diesel generator sets not covered by paragraph 1, shall be as follows:
2.1 Noise from DG set shall be controlled by providing an acoustic enclosure or by treating the
room acoustically, at the users end
2.2 The acoustic enclosure or acoustic treatment of the room shall be designed for minimum 25
dB (A) insertion loss or for meeting the ambient noise standards, whichever is on the higher
side (if the actual ambient noise is on the higher side, it may not be possible to check the
performance of the acoustic enclosure/acoustic treatment. Under such circumstances the
performance may be checked for noise reduction up to actual ambient noise level, preferably, in
the nighttime). The measurement for insertion loss may be done at different points at 0.5m from
the acoustic enclosure/room, and then averaged
2.3 The DG set shall be provided with proper exhaust muffler with insertion loss of minimum
25 dB (A)
2.4 these limits shall be regulated by the State Pollution Control Boards and the State Pollution
Control Committees
2.5 Guidelines for the manufacturers/users of Diesel Generator sets shall be as under:
01. The manufacturer shall offer to the user a standard acoustic enclosure of 25 dB (A)
insertion loss and also a suitable exhaust muffler with insertion loss of 25 dB(A)
02. The user shall make efforts to bring down the noise levels due to the DG set; outside hid
premises, within the ambient noise requirements by proper siting and control measures

100
03. Installation of a DG set must be strictly in compliance with the

recommendations of the DG set manufacturer
04. A proper routine and preventive maintenance procedure for the DG set should be set
and followed in consultation with the DG set manufacturer which would help prevent noise
levels of the DG set from deteriorating with use
3. Limits of noise for DG Sets (Up to 1000 KVA) Manufactured on or after the 1st July 2003
3.1 Applicability
01. These Rules apply to DG sets up to 1000 KVA rated output, manufactures of imported in
India, on or after 1st July 2003
02. These rules shall not apply to
a. DG sets manufactures or imported for the purpose of exports outside India; and
b. DG sets intended for the purpose of sample and not for sale in India
(Please refer Notification No. G.S.R. 371 (E) dated 17th May, 2002 for details)

101

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Environmental Guidance Manual

Environmental Acts and Legal Requirements

Statutory Clearance Process

Environmental Aspects and Guidance

5.1 Unit Process in Textiles

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Mr. A. K. Puri, Sr.E.E

Sector Group Head - RSPCB Mr. A. K. Puri, Sr.E.E

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Table No. 1.1

State-Wise Distribution of Textile Industries

Table No. 5.4.1

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Proforma of Affidavit for CTE/CTO

Application for Obtaining Authorization of HW

Water Cess Rate

General Standards for Discharge of Effluents

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

About the Manual

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling & Transboundary Movement) Rules

1.1 About the Industrial Activity

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

1.2 Textile Industry in Rajasthan

1.3 Water Pollution Problems in Textile Industry

Presence of color in the waste is one of the main problems in textile

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974

Section 47 (2) (a)

Section 47 (2) (b)

The Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981

Section 40 (2) (a)

Section 40 (2) (b)

Any solid, liquid or gaseous substance (including noise) present

The Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977

Section 15 (2) (a)

Section 15 (2) (b)

Municipal corporation or a municipal council (by whatever

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

The Environmental Protection Act 1986

Includes water, air, land and the inter-relationship, which

Any chemical which satisfies any of the criteria laid down

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

of process or adverse affects to the environment

Any waste which by reason of any of its physical, chemical,

The Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2001

Lead acid battery which is a source of electrical energy and

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

E- Waste (Management & Handling) Rules, 2011

Bulk users of electrical and electronic equipment such as

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall, without the

3.1 Legal Requirements Air Act

Subject to the provisions of this section, no person shall, without the

2.Not withstanding anything contained in sub-section (1), Where an

Rajasthan State Pollution Control Board

3.2 Legal Requirements Hazardous Waste Rules

Every person who is engaged in generation, processing, treatment,

In case of transport of hazardous waste for final disposal to a facility

3.4 Restrictions - Aravalli Range