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7. EXPONENTIAL SERIES AND LOGARITHMIC SERIES

PREVIOUS EAMCET BITS

1.
e3x
( e + e ) = a 0 + a1x + a 2 x 2 + ..... ⇒ 2a1 + 23 a 3 + 25 a 5 + ....... =
1 x 5x
[EAMCET 2009]

1) e 2) e −1 3) 1 4) 0
Ans:
Sol: e −2x + e 2x
⎡ ( 2x )2 ( 2x )4 ⎤
= 2 ⎢1 + + + .......⎥
⎢⎣ 2! 4! ⎥⎦
⇒ a1 = 0, a 3 = 0, a 5 = 0..... and so on.
1 1 1
2. + + + ...... = [EAMCET 2008]
1.3 2.5 3.7
1) 2 log e2 − 2 2) 2 − 2 log e2 3) 2 log e4 4) log e4
Ans: 2
∞
1 1 1 1
Sol: + + + ...... = ∑
1.3 2.5 3.7 n =1 n ( 2n + 1)

∞ ∞
1 ⎡1 1 ⎤
= 2∑ = 2∑ ⎢ −
n =1 2n ( 2n + 1) n =1 ⎣ 2n 2n + 1 ⎥⎦
⎡1 1 1 1 ⎤
= 2 ⎢ − + − + .....⎥
⎣ 2 3 4 5 ⎦
⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤
= 2 − 2 ⎢1 − + − + .....⎥ = 2 − 2 log e2
⎣ 2 3 4 ⎦
1 − 2x − x 2
3. The coefficient of xk in the expansion of is [EAMCET 2007]
e− x
1− k − k2 k2 +1 1− k 1
1) 2) 3) 4)
k! k! k! k!
Ans : 1
1 − 2x − x 2
Sol: Now = (1 − 2x − x 2 ) e x
e− x
⎡ x 2 x3 xk ⎤
= ⎣⎡1 − 2x − x 2 ⎦⎤ ⎢1 + x + + + .... + + ....∞ ⎥
⎣ 2! 3! k! ⎦
⎛ x2 xk ⎞ ⎡ x3 xk x k +1 ⎤
= ⎜1 + x + + .... + + ....∞ ⎟ −2 ⎢ x + + ..... + + + .....∞ ⎥
⎝ 2! k! ⎠ ⎣ 2! ( k − 1)! k! ⎦
⎡ x4 xk x k +1 ⎤
− ⎢ x 2 + x 3 + + .... + + + .....∞ ⎥
⎣ 4! ( k − 2 )! ( k − 1)! ⎦
1

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Exponential series and logarithmic series

1 2 1
∴ coefficient of xk is − −
k! ( k − 1) ! ( k − 2 ) !
1 2k k ( k − 1) 1 − k − k 2
− − =
k! k! k! k!
1 1 1 1
4. − + 3− + ... = [EAMCET 2007]
2 2.2 3.2 4.24
2

1 ⎛3⎞ ⎛3⎞ ⎛2⎞

1) 2) log 3 ⎜ ⎟ 3) log e ⎜ ⎟ 4) log e ⎜ ⎟
4 ⎝4⎠ ⎝2⎠ ⎝3⎠
Ans: 2
x 2 x3 x 4
Sol: x − + − + ...... = log (1 + x )
2 3 4
2 3 4
⎛1⎞ ⎛1⎞ ⎛1⎞
1 ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎜⎝ 2 ⎟⎠ ⎛ 1⎞ ⎛3⎞
− + − + ..... = log ⎜1 + ⎟ = log 3 ⎜ ⎟
2 2 3 4 ⎝ 2⎠ ⎝2⎠
1 − 2x
5. The coefficient of xn in is [EAMCET 2006]
ex
1 + 2n n (1 + 2n ) (1 − 2n ) (1 + 4n )
2) ( −1) 3) ( −1) 4) ( −1)
n n
1)
n! n! n! n!
Ans :
1 − 2x
Sol: = (1 − 2x ) e− x
ex
⎡ x x 2 x3 n x
n
⎤
(1 − 2x ) ⎢1 − + + + ........ + ( −1) + .....⎥
⎣ 1! 2! 3! n! ⎦
1 − 2x
Coefficient of xn in
ex
( −1) 2 ( −1) (1 − 2n )
n n

= − ⇒ (1)
n

n! ( n − 1)! n!
x 2 x3 x 4
6. If |x| < 1 and y = x − + − + ...... then x is equal to [EAMCET 2006]
2 3 4
y 2 y3 y 2 y3 y 4
1) y + + + ...... 2) y − + − + .....
2 3 2 3 4
y 2 y3 y 2 y3 y 4
3) y + + + ..... 4) y − + − + .....
2! 3! 2! 3! 4!
Ans:
x 2 x3 x 4
Sol: y = x − + − + .....
2 3 4
y = log e (1 + x ) ⇒ 1 + x = e y

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Exponential series and logarithmic series

y2
⇒ 1+ x = 1+ y + + .....
2!
y 2 y3
∴x = y + + + .....
2! 3!
∝
2n 2 + n + 1
7. ∑
n =1 n!
= [EAMCET 2005]

1) 2e − 1 2) 2e + 1 3) 6e − 1 4) 6e + 1
Ans: 3
∝
2n 2 + n + 1 ∝ ⎡ 2n 2 n 1 ⎤
Sol: Let s = ∑ = ∑⎢ + + ⎥
n =1 n! n =1 ⎣ n! n! n!⎦
∝ ⎡
2 3 1⎤
= ∑⎢ + + ⎥
n =1 ⎣ ( n − 2 ) ! ( n − 1)! n!⎦
⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤ ⎡ 1 1 ⎤ ⎡1 1 1 ⎤
= 2 ⎢1 + + + + .... ∝ ⎥ + 3 ⎢1 + + + .... ∝ ⎥ + ⎢ + + + ... ∝ ⎥
⎣ 1! 2! 3! ⎦ ⎣ 1! 2! ⎦ ⎣1! 2! 3! ⎦
= 2e + 3e + e − 1 = 6e – 1
∝
ak
8. If a < 1, b = ∑ , then a is equal to [EAMCET 2005]
n =1 k

( −1) ( −1) ( −1) b k ( −1) b k

k k −1 k k −1
∝ ∝ ∝ ∝
bk bk
1) ∑
n =1 k
2) ∑
k =1 k!
3) ∑
k =1 ( k − 1) !
4) ∑
k =1 ( k + 1) !

Ans: 2
∝
ak a a 2 a3
Sol: b = ∑ = + + + .... ∝
k =1 k! 1 2 3
b = − log e (1 − a )
⎡ b b 2 b3 ⎤
e − b = 1 − a ⇒ a = 1 − e − b = 1 − ⎢1 − + − + .... ∝ ⎥
⎣ 1! 2! 3! ⎦
( −1)
k −1
∝
bk
∴a = ∑
k =1 k!
( −1)
k −1
∝
bk
9. The value of the series ∴ a = ∑ [EAMCET 2004]
k =1 k!
1) cosh ( x log ae ) 2) coth ( x log ae ) 3) sin h ( x log ae ) 4) tan h ( x log ae )
Ans: 3.
e x loge − e − x loge ⎡ e x − e− x ⎤
a a
x3 x5
Sol: ⎢∵ = x + + + ....⎥
2 ⎣ 2 3! 5! ⎦
= sinh ⎡⎣ x log ae ⎤⎦

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Exponential series and logarithmic series

10. Coefficient of x10 in the expansion of ( 2 + 3x ) e − x is [EAMCET 2004]
26 28 30 32
1) − 2) − 3) − 4) −
(10 )! (10 )! (10 )! (10 )!
Ans: 2
⎡ x x 2 x3 x 9 x10 ⎤
( 2 + 3x ) e− x = ( 2 + 3x ) ⎢1 − + − ...... +
9! 10! ⎥⎦
Sol: .....
⎣ 1! 2! 3!
∴ Coefficient of x in the above series
10

2 3 1 28
= − = ( 2 − 30 ) ⇒ −
10! 9! 10! 10!
1 1+ 2 1+ 2 + 3
11. + + + .... is equal to [EAMCET 2003]
2! 3! 4!
e e e e
1) 2) 3) 4)
2 3 4 5
Ans: 1
∝
1 + 2 + 3 + ..... + n
Sol: = ∑
n =1 ( n + 1)!
∝
n ( n + 1) 1 ∝ 1
=∑ = ∑
n =1 2 ( n + 1) n ( n − 1) ! 2 n =1 ( n − 1) !
1⎡ 1 1 1 ⎤ 1 e
= ⎢1 + + + + .....⎥ = e =
2 ⎣ 1! 2! 3! ⎦ 2 2

If 0 < y < 21/ 3 and x ( y3 − 1) = 1 , then

2 2 2
12. + 3 + 5 + ...... is equal to [EAMCET 2003]
x 3x 5x
⎛ y3 ⎞ ⎛ y3 ⎞ ⎛ 2y3 ⎞ ⎛ y3 ⎞
1) log ⎜ 3 ⎟
2) log ⎜ 3 ⎟
3) log ⎜ 3 ⎟
4) log ⎜ 3 ⎟
⎝ 2− y ⎠ ⎝1− y ⎠ ⎝ 1− y ⎠ ⎝ 1 − 2y ⎠
Ans: 1
1
Sol: y3 − 1 =
x
x3 x5 1 ⎛ 1+ x ⎞
x + + + ...... = log ⎜ ⎟
3 5 2 ⎝ 1− x ⎠
⎡ 3
⎛1⎞ ⎛1⎞
5
⎤
⎢ ⎜ ⎟ ⎜ ⎟ ⎥
⎛ 1 + 1/ x ⎞
= 2 ⎢ + ⎝ ⎠ + ⎝ ⎠ + .....⎥ ⇒ 2 × log ⎜
1 x x 1
⎢x ⎥ ⎟
3 5 2 ⎝ 1 − 1/ x ⎠
⎢ ⎥
⎣ ⎦
⎡1 + y 3 − 1 ⎤ ⎡ y3 ⎤
= log ⎢ ⎥ = log ⎢ 2 − y3 ⎥
⎣1 − y + 1 ⎦
3
⎣ ⎦
x2 x3
1 + x log + ( log e ) + ( log ae ) + ...... ( a > 0, x ∈ R ) is equal to
a 2
a 3
13. e [EAMCET 2002]
2! 3!

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Exponential series and logarithmic series

x
1) a 2) ax 3) a loge 4) x
Ans: 2
x x2 x3
Sol: 1 + + + + ........ = e x
1! 2! 3!

x log ae ( x log e )
a 2
ax
1+ + + ........ = e x loge = eloge = a x
a

1! 2!
1 + 2 1 + 2 + 22
14. 1+ + + ..... is equal to [EAMCET 2002]
2! 3!
1) e 2 + e 2) e 2 3) e 2 − 1 4) e 2 − e
Ans: 4

n −1 1
(2 n
− 1)
∝
1 + 2 + 2 + ..... + 2
2 ∝
2 −1
Sol: ∑
n =1 n!
=∑
n =1 n!
∝
2 −1
n ∝
2 n
1 ∝
=∑ = ∑ −∑
n =1 n! n =1 n! n =1 n!

= ( e 2 − 1) − ( e − 1) = e2 − e
2 2+4 2+4+6
15. + + + ...... [EAMCET 2001]
2! 3! 4!
1) e 2) e −1 3) e−2 4) e−3
Ans: 1
∝
2 + 4 + 6 + ......... + 2n ∝
2 (1 + 2 + 3 + .....n )
Sol: = ∑ ⇒∑
n =1 ( n + 1)! n =1 ( n + 1)!
∝
n ( n + 1) ∝
1
=∑ ⇒∑
n =1 ( n + 1) n ( n − 1) ! n =1 ( n − 1) !

1 1 1
= 1+ + + + ....... = e
1! 2! 3!
16. |x| < 1, the coefficient x3 in the expansion of log (1 + x + x 2 ) in ascending powers of x is
[EAMCET 2001]
2 4 2 4
1) 2) 3) − 4) −
3 3 3 3
Ans: 3
⎡ (1 + x + x 2 ) (1 − x ) ⎤ ⎡1 − x 3 ⎤
Sol: We have log (1 + x + x 2 ) = log ⎢ ⎥ = log ⎢ ⎥
⎢⎣ 1− x ⎥⎦ ⎣ 1− x ⎦
⎡ x6 x9 ⎤ ⎡ x2 x3 ⎤
= log ⎡⎣1 − x 3 ⎤⎦ − log [1 − x ] = − ⎢ x 3 + + + ......⎥ + ⎢ x + + + ......⎥
⎣ 2 3 ⎦ ⎣ 2 3 ⎦

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Exponential series and logarithmic series

1 2
Coefficient of x3 is −1 + = −
3 3

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