Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
WOMEN
IN TRIPURA:
Group- 09
Contents
1. Introduction
1.1
Formulation of the Problems
1.2
Objectives of the Study
1.3
Hypothesis
1.4
Findings of the Study
1.5
Significance of the Study
2. Methodology
2.1
Method of the Study
2.2
Sample
2.3 Data collection & Analysis
3. A Case Study on Amtali Village Committee
4. Suggestions
5. Conclusion
6. References
7. Contributors
1.Introduction
The term Political Participation, has a very wide meaning. It is not
only related to Right to Vote, but simultaneously it is related to participation
in; decision making process, political activism, political consciousness etc. India
is the cusp of paradigm change in its growth and its position in the world. Both
men and women must act decisively to capture this opportunity. Political
supremacy is the key to extracting better social deal. Therefore the Constitution
of India makes provisions for women reservation and empowerment for their
upliftment. After 73rd Amendment Act, 1992 Tripura has taken a step towards
womens political participation and empowerment like other states of India.
The 73 rd Amendment Act inserted an Article 243(D) in the constitution
which deals with reservation of seats and political offices for women in PRIs.
As per the Article, 1/3 of the total seats shall be reserved for ST and SC Women
in the Panchayats and in the office of the Chairperson. However, there is the
presence of gender inequality between men and women. Liberal Feminism
argues that the women are essentially of same human capacity as males, which
is forgotten by sexual division of labour and patriarchy. In a step towards
womens empowerment, Tripura Cabinet has decided to reserve 50 per cent
seats for them in 3 tier Panchayats and Nagar Palikas. After learning about the
reservation women started to take interest in politics as well as empowerment
through participation.
The empowerment of women is one of the concepts that, has developed in
connection with improving their status. Raising the status of tribal women is not
just a moral imperative but also a strategic one. Within the framework of a
democratic policy, our laws, developmental policies, plans and programmes
have aimed at womens advancement in different spheres. In recent years, the
2.Methodology
2.1 Method of the Study:
The Study is an Empirical Study of Tribal Women in structural politics
in Tripura. The method of Social Survey has been applied. Among the various
methods in social survey, sample survey method has been adopted. Apart from
this, participatory and case study methods have been used marginally. Through
participative method it was possible to have some in-depth information, which
enriched the data- analysis.
2.2 Sample:
In order to collect the data the methods of Random Sampling and Quota
Sampling have been used in this study. There are 10 Village Committees; out of
this we had selected 1 Village Committee with 10 respondents.
2.3
Data Collection:
Some data has been collected through secondary sources such as books,
booklets, newspapers, internet, Govt. Gazette notifications, journals, etc.
Some data through structure scheduled has been collected from the
selected 10 respondents from structural political body and the local
villagers.
Some data has been collected through personal interviews, telephonic
interviews and group discussions.
Some data has been collected from Block Office.
2.3 Data Analysis:
This data analysis deals with the populations sex wise respondents,
education, political representatives, ration card holders, Pension Holders, voters,
etc.
Table 1: Population (R.D. Block)
Male
Female
34134
ST - 13225
33699
ST-13541
Total
67833
26766
Male
Total
Female
1655
1751
3406
APL
BPL
Antoday
3930
1155
632
Annapurn
Total
a
92
5901
Male
Female
95%
Total
85%
90%
Men
Women
ST-506
SC-257
OBC-348
Minorities-81
General-93
Male Total-1802
ST-524
SC-563
OBC-431
Minorities-130
General-135
Female Total-1539
Total (Men+
Women)
1030
820
779
211
228
Grand Total-3347
Male
980
Source: Amtali V.C
Female
1062
Total
2042
Name of the
Male
Female
Total
3
5
5
4
3
4
5
4
5
6
4
4
3
4
3
4
5
4
9
9
9
7
7
7
9
9
9
V.C
1.Amtali
2.Bastali
3.Bathanmura
4.Chelikhala
5.Padmanagar
6.Bangshibari
7.Rangmala
8.Sutarmura
9.Ramnagar
10.Dhariathal
Grand Total-75+
Male
4
Source: Charilam R.D. Block
Female
Total
10
Male
9
Female
1
Total
10
Male
Female
383437
375117
Source: TTAADC office, Khumulwng
Total
758554
Male
Female
25+( 2 Nominated) =27
3
Source: TTAADC office, Khumulwng
Total
30
Elected
Fema
ST
Tota % of
Mal
Fema
ST
Tota % of
le
Fema
le
Fema
le
Fema
le
le
Femal
e
1987-
213
07
220
3.18
58
02
60
3.33
88
199
392
15
407
3.68
59
60
1.66
3-94
199
243
23
266
8.64
53
60
1.66
7-98
200
237
17
254
6.69
59
60
1.66
3-04
200
282
31
313
9.36
57
60
8-09
201
234
15
249
6.02
55
60
8.33
3-14
The Village which we had surveyed was Amtali ADC Village, which is situated
10Km away from Charilam R.D. Block. There are 803 families and 3406
populations. This Village Committee is divided into 05 Wards and has 09
representatives. This Village is completely dominated by the tribals so, all the
seats are reserved for tribals. Here, 06 seats are reserved for women
representatives. In 2011 ADC Village election Smt. Namita Debbarma had been
elected as the Chairperson of Amtali Village Committee. In the recent 2016
election she was elected again as its Chairperson. But when we interviewed her
she told us that the women had many queries regarding the political
participation of women and their empowerment in the decision making process.
She told us they need more and more training, so that they are awareness
regarding their rights and duties, the powers and function of the ADC Village
Committee which is conferred by the Constitution of India. She told us that
most of the women members are busy with their domestic affairs that make
them unable to come to the office regularly. This shows that they are still
overruled by their male counterparts or husband. Due to these problems with the
help of male representatives they run the Village Committee office and
performed their duty. She informed us that, due to insufficient funds they could
not implement the all village developmental projects like for 1062 female only
10 sewing machines are provided. This overall shows that the women of Amtali
Village Committee should participate more in the decision making process.
Limitation during Survey
Time is very limited
Inconvenience when collecting data due to lack of sufficient information
4. Suggestions
The following suggestions can be put forward for consideration: Need to encourage the tribal women to take leadership role in decision
making and also to meet social responsibilities.
Not on the political empowerment, economic empowerment of women
also should be ensured so, that they become self reliant.
More space should be given by the family so that they are able to perform
their duties properly and participate in the decision making process.
Training is also essential for capacity building of elected tribal women
representatives of 3-tier Panchayat for been competent in every sphere of
political process.
Improvement in education, health, economic and social issues.
5. Conclusion
From the above tables and discussion it becomes evident that the
participation of tribal women is not mentioning. The trend of women
participation all over the world remains more or less the same with a few
exceptions. The above depiction of different aspect of tribal women
representation in the politics in Tripura does not provide a hopeful picture in the
context of women empowerment in Tripura. It may easily expressed that if,
participation of tribal women in decision making process is taken to be an
indicator or gender empowerment measurement in favour of women then the
women of Tripura may be considered to be far from empowered. Tribal women
Tripura in spite of their strong presence in political arena still lack spoke person
in the Legislative bodies, administration and top decision making bodies.
Though their large participation in all area of formal and non formal
politics are very prominent in Tripura. The positive experience of tribal women
participation in the local bodies strongly argues in favour of them. In short, in
spite of large participation of tribal women in voting and non formal political
affairs with great enthusiasm and with top leadership skills show that they are
fully capable of participate in all decision making bodies and process. It is only
necessary to identify barriers to tribal womens full participation in decision
making bodies and a sincere effort to those constraints.
6. REFERENCES
i.
ii.
Women in Tripura
Sinha,Niroj (2007): Empowerment of Women Through Political
iii.
Participation
Government of Tripura : List of Women MLAs, Tripura Legislative
iv.
Assemble
Tripura Tribal Areas Autonomous District Village Committee
(Administration) Rule 2006,Published Extraordinary Issue of Tripura
v.
vi.
vii.
of Tripura: An Overview.
Saxena, Alka: Women and Political Leadership
Vali, Md. Mastan(2002): Women and Politics
ii.
iii.
Padma Sundari Molsom, Roll No- 26, Add- Vill + P.O- Thelakumg
P.S- Takarjala
Dist- Sipahijala
Pin- 799102
Contact- 8415012378
iv.
Mrimoy Uchoi, Roll No- 53, Add- Vill-Thanda Chandra Uchoi Para
P.O- Jatanbari
P.S- Nutanbazar
Dist- Gomati Tripura
Pin- 799104
Contact- 8974165826