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Pulse Width
Demodulator
The second type is let the PWM signal convert to PPM (pulse position modulation) signal, as shown
in figure 4-2. In figure 4-2, we can obtain the PPM signal by differentiating the PWM signal. After
that, it will produce a negative edge PPM pulse at the positive edge of the PWM pulse until the
end of the negative edge PWM pulse. At the same time, reset a positive edge pulse until the period
of the pulse terminated, that is the PPM(1) signal in figure 4-2. Next we utilize diode to eliminate
the negative edge pulse of the PPM(1) signal, then we obtain PPM(2) signal. If we let this signal
pass through a monostablemultivibrator, which can provide a fixed bandwidth with square wave
signal, then we can obtain the typical PPM signal as shown in PPM(3) in figure 4-2. Finally, let
the PPM signal pass through a narrow timer and R-S flip-flop with edge trigger effect, then at the
output port, we can obtain the demodulated PWM signal.
Another type of PWM demodulator is the product detector. The block diagram and signal waveform
of product detector PWM demodulator are shown in figure 4-3. If we let the PWM signal and carrier
signal input to the product detector, at the meanwhile, let the PWM signal and carrier signal to be
positive or negative simultaneously, then the output terminal of the product detector will
receive a pulse signal Va, and send the signal Va to the low-pass filter to obtain the demodulated
PWM signal.
Figure 4-4 is the internal circuit diagram of MC1496. The transistor Q 5and Q6 is the differentiator.
They are used to activate the double differential amplifiers, which are formed by Q 1,Q 2, Q 3 and
Q4. The Q 5 and Q 6 can also be used to control the current capacity of double differential amplifiers.
The transistors Q7 and Q8 are the current source. They supply a constant current to Q5 and Q6. We
can connect a resistor between pin 2 and pin 3 to control the gain of the whole circuit.
(b) The waveform after processed by the integrator and voltage threshold circuit
Figure 4-3 Block diagram of signal waveform of product detector PWM demodulator.
The PWM modulated signal is inputted through pin 1 and pin 4. The carrier signal is inputted
through pin 8 and pin 10. The bias current of amplifier is determined by the external resistor,
which is normally connects to the bases of Q 7 and Q 8 at is pin 5. This is because the detector
has two output terminals (pin 6 and pin 12), so we can let one of the output terminals to be the
output of the detector. Then another output can be used as the automatic gain control (AGC).
the
VR3 is
used to changethe
input
signal
PWM.
range
of
In this experiment,
output
MC1496
signal
is
the
of
the
pulse
signal
C11,
C12,
R 13
R11,R 12
and
which is the 2 nd
order
low-pass filter to
obtain
signal; therefore, we need some extra synchronous or phase-locked circuit. Figure 4-1 shows the
method of PWM to PAM demodulation or called asynchronous PWM .Modulator. Since this circuit
needs not the synchronous signal, therefore, we can save the phase-locked circuit, this is another
demodulation technique.
1.
3.
In figure 3-8, the astable multivibrator output terminal (i.e., pin 3 of U1 LM555,
test point TP3) connects to the carrier signal input terminal (Carrier I/P).
4.
5.
6.
Adjust VR2 and VR3 until we obtain the demodulated signal correctly.
7.
By using oscilloscope, observe on the PWM input signal, carrier signal, U1 output signal (test
point TP1), U 2 output signal (test point TP2), output signal of MC1496 pin 10 (test point
TP3), output signal of MC1496 pin 1 (test point TP4), output signal of MC1496 pin 12 (TP5
test point), input signal of low-pass filter (test point TP6) and demodulation PWM
signal (Audio O/P). Finally record the measured results in table 4-1.
8.
Refer to figure 3-8, change the input audio signal frequency to 500 Hz and the others remain
the same.
9.
Repeat step 5 to step 7 and record the measured results in table 4-2.
Carrier Signal
Input Terminal
Audio O/P
TP1
TP2
TP3
TP4
TP5
TP6
Audio O/P
Carrier Signal
Input Terminal
Audio O/P
TP1
TP2
TP3
TP4
TP5
TP6
Audio O/P
2.
3.
Refer to figure 3-8, if we adjust the audio signal frequency to a minimum value, then,