Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Presented by:
Ronald E. Thornton, PE
DELTA OVERVIEW
About Delta:
Offices
Offi
iin Bi
Binghamton,
h t
NY and
dD
Delhi,
lhi NY
Company
p y Established in 1976
96 Total Employees
ISO 9001 Certified
Services:
Ser ices
o
About Delta:
Transportation
T
t ti
Design:
D i
o
Mechanical, Electrical
Mechanical
Electrical, Plumbing
Plumbing, Site/Civil
Site/Civil, Environmental
Environmental,
Architectural, Building Structural, Construction
Administration, and Land Surveying
Precast Design:
o
Daryl Burns, PE
Project Manager
Sallie Valentine, PE
Senior Engineer
Greg Shirhall
Senior Engineer
Kim Kvassay, EIT
Assistant Engineer
Ronald Thornton, PE
Project Manager
Business Development
Justin Marshall, PE
Project Engineer
Kris Brown
Assistant Engineer
Stuart Gorka, PE
Project Manager
Nathan Clark, EIT
Engineer
Larry Donahue
Technician
Gerald Paglia
Technician
h i i
Traffic Loads
H20
HS20
HS20-44 AASHTO Standard Specification
A-16 ASTM C890, C857
HL-93
HL 93 AASHTO LRFD Specification
Legal
g or Permit Loads
Live Loads
HS-20
HS 20 (36 Ton Tr
Truck,
ck 16kip wheel)
heel)
HS-25 (45 Ton Truck, 20kip wheel)
HL-93
o
o
Pedestrian
P d ti
o
AASHTO 85psf
ASTM 300psf
300 f
Special Loads
Aircraft
Ai
ft FAA Circular
Ci l 150-5320-6
150 5320 6
Railroad AREMA Cooper
p Series
Heavy Equipment
Design Methods:
ASD/WSD:
ASD/WSD All
Allowable
bl St
Stress D
Design
i M
Method
th d
AKA Working Stress Design
oWidely
Wid l used
d until
til early
l 1970
1970s
oAASHTO method Similar to ACI 318-63
o
Design Methods:
LFD:
LFD Load
L d Factor
F t Design
D i Method
M th d
Introduced into AAHSTO Std. around 1970
oUses
U
various
i
lload
d combinations
bi ti
ffor d
dead,
d lilive,
wind, ice, etc.
oBoth WSD and LFD are included in the Standard
code.
oSimilar to strength
g method of ACI 318 until 2005
Code
o
Design Methods:
LRFD:
LRFD L
Load
d and
dR
Resistance
i t
F
Factor
t D
Design
i
Incorporated by AASHTO in 1993 based on TRB
research started in 1986
oIntended to provide a more uniform and consistent
level for bridge safety under a wide variety of load
and resistance models.
oBased on statistical reliability of any structural
element exceeding a given limit state.
oMany differences in methodology from both
AASHTO Standard
St d d and
d currentt ACI 318
o
Differences:
AASHTO St
Standard
d d
16 kip Wheel
oe = 4+.06S
4+ 06S
oLL Surcharge .5% of
wheel load
oSL Cracking Z
Value
o2 Limit States
o
Factored
Service
AASHTO LRFD
32 kip Axle with lane
load or tandem axle
oe = 96+1.44S
oLL Surcharge
Surcharge, 2
Tables of values
oSpacing
p
g limitation
oAt least 4 Limit
States
o
Typical Loading
Questions ?
Contact Information
Delta Engineers
184 Court St
Binghamton, NY 13901
607 231 6600
607-231-6600
Fax 607-231-6650
www.deltaengineers.com
rthornton@deltaengineers.com