SCIENCES BEHIND THE HIROSHIMA AND NAGASAKI

BOMBING TRAGEDY

As we know,the tragedy that happened on japan in August 1945 was involved two types
of atomic bomb that called "Little Boy" and "Fat Man" which detonated at Hiroshima and
Nagasaki.It was the worst tragedy for japanese people at that time.These atomic bomb
was created American scientist.
"Little Boy"is the slim shape of atomic bomb that used for bombing event.In this guntype device, the critical mass is achieved when a uranium projectile which is sub-critical
is fired through a gun barrel at a uranium target which is also sub-critical. The resulting
uranium mass comprised of both projectile and target becomes critical and the chain
reaction begins.The weight of this bomb is 9700 lbs and have diameter about 28 inch.It
fuel was Highly enriched uranium and "oralloy" and the uranium fuel is 140 lbs and 55
lbs was projectile.This "little Boy" have a huge explosive force which 15 000 tons of
TNT equivalent.

Stucture of Little Boy Atomic Bomb

A big size bomb that called "Fat Man" is has been detonated at Nagasaki."Fat Man"
was the second plutonium, implosion-type bomb.The first was the "Gadget" detonated at
the Trinity site on July 16, 1945.In the implosion-type device, a core of sub-critical
plutonium is surrounded by several thousand pounds of high-explosive designed in such a
way that the explosive force of the HE is directed inwards thereby crushing the plutonium
core into a super-critical state.This bomb has a bigger weight than "Little Boy" which is
about 10 800 lbs.The diameter of the bomb is 60 inch and the lenght was 10 ft.The fuel is
highly enriched plutonium-239.The uranium fuel was approximated like a size of
softball.This bomb initiator is a berylium and polonium.The explosive force is 21 000
tons of TNT which more effective than "little Boy".

Structure of Fat Man Atomic Bomb

After the bombing tragedy happens,these town which Hiroshima and Nagasaki was
vulnerable to the radiation that produce from detonation of both bombs.Probably the two
most direct designations are radiation injury and gamma ray injury.This is because from
the bombarded of plutonium and uranium will produce a radiation which will defecting
our cells.Besides,this type of materials are have a long half-life about a thousand years
perhaps a million years.At last,both Hiroshima and Nagasaki residents was suffer with
the various infection.
According to Japanese observations, the early symptoms in patients suffering from
radiation injury closely resembled the symptoms observed in patients receiving intensive
roentgen therapy, as well as those observed in experimental animals receiving large doses
of X-rays. The important symptoms reported by the Japanese and observed by American
authorities were epilation (lose of hair), petechiae (bleeding into the skin), and other
hemorrhagic manifestations, oropharyngeal lesions (inflammation of the mouth and
throat), vomiting, diarrhea, and fever.
Epilation was one of the most spectacular and obvious findings. The appearance of the
epilated patient was typical.Petechiae and other hemorrhagic manifestations were striking
findings. Bleeding began usually from the gums and in the more seriously affected was
soon evident from every possible source. Petechiae appeared on the limbs and on
pressure points. Large ecchymoses (hemorrhages under the skin) developed about needle
punctures, and wounds partially healed broke down and bled freely.Nausea and vomiting
appearing within a few hours after the explosion was reported frequently by the Japanese.
This usually had subsided by the following morning, although occasionally it continued
for two or three days.
It was concluded that persons exposed to the bombs at the time of detonation did show
effects from ionizing radiation and that some of these patients, otherwise uninjured, died.
Deaths from radiation began about a week after exposure and reached a peak in 3 to 4
weeks. They practically ceased to occur after 7 to 8 weeks.