Biology and the future of psychoanalysis: A new

intellectual framework for psychiatry revisited

Kandel E.R.
722 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, United States
Abstract: The American Journal of Psychiatry has received a number of letters in response to my earlier
'Framework' article (1). Some of these are reprinted elsewhere in this issue, and I have answered them
briefly there. However, one issue raised by some letters deserves a more detailed answer, and that relates to
whether biology is at all relevant to psychoanalysis. To my mind, this issue is so central to the future of
psychoanalysis that it cannot be addressed with a brief comment. I therefore have written this article in an
attempt to outline the importance of biology for the future of psychoanalysis.
Year: 1999
Source title: American Journal of Psychiatry
Volume: 156
Issue: 4
Page : 505-524
Cited by: 315
Link: Scorpus Link
Correspondence Address: Kandel, E.R.722 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, United States
Document Type: Article
Source: Scopus
Authors with affiliations:
1. Kandel, E.R., 722 West 168th St., New York, NY 10032, United States

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