Solution to Economic Dispatch by Equal Incremental Cost Criterion

RM Saloman danaraj EEE Department

Jubail Industrial Collge, Jubail,Kingdom Of Saudi Arabia.
Mail:salorajan@gmail.com
1. Introduction
.
Economic load dispatch problem is allocating loads to plants

for minimum cost while

meeting the constraints. It is formulated as an optimization problem of minimizing the total

fuel cost of all committed plant while meeting the demand and losses .The variants of the
problems are numerous which model the objective and the constraints in different ways.
The basic economic dispatch problem can described mathematically as a minimization of
problem of minimizing the total fuel cost of all committed plants subject to the constraints.
n

Minimize Fi ( Pi )

(A1)

i 1

Fi ( Pi ) is the fuel cost equation of the ith plant. It is the variation of fuel cost ($ or Rs) with

generated power (MW).Normally it is expressed as continuous quadratic equation.

2

Fij ( Pi ) ai Pi bi Pi ci ,

Pi

min

Pi Pi

max

(A2)

The total generation should meet the total demand and transmission loss. The transmission
loss can be determined form either Bmn coefficients or power flow.
n

P
i 1

D Pl
n

(A3)

Pl Bij Pi Pj

(A4)

2. Solution by Genetic Algorithm

1. Select a reference plant. For better convergence chose a plant which has maximum
capacity and range. In this program It is considered as plant 1. The reference plant allocation
is fixed by the equations (A3&A4).
2. Convert the constrained optimization problem as an unconstrained problem by penalty
function method.
Minimize
n

i 1

i 1

i 1

j 1

Fi ( Pi ) 1000 * abs( Pi D Bij Pi Pj )

3. This software contain two examples gatest.m and gatest.1.By running the programs as
they are in the default folder. The allocation minimum fuel cost and transmission losses can
be determined.
% The Example system is taken from the book Power System Analysis by Prof Haadi Sadaat
Example 7.8
% the data matrix should have 5 columns of fuel cost coefficients and plant limits.
% 1.a ($/MW^2) 2. b $/MW 3. c ($) 4.lower lomit(MW) 5.Upper limit(MW)
%no of rows denote the no of plants(n)
% x=[0 0]
global data B B0 B00 Pd
data=[0.008

200

10

0.009

6.3

180

10

80

0.007

6.8

140 10 70];

85

% Loss coefficients it should be squarematrix of size nXn where n is the no

% of plants
B=.01*[.0218 .0093 .0028;.0093 .0228 .0017;.0028 .0017 .0179];
B0=[.0003 .0031 .0015];
B00=100*.00030523;
options = gaoptimset;
options

gaoptimset('PopulationSize',

50,'Generations',

200,'StallTimeLimit', 100,'PlotFcns', {@gaplotbestf,@gaplotbestindiv})

500,'TimeLimit',

[x ff]=ga(@eldga1,2,options)
[ F P1 Pl]=eldga1(x)
The results

Best: 1599.9847 Mean: 12024.7275

3.5

x 10

Fitness value

3
2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0

50

100

150

200

300

350

Current Best Individual

Current best individual

250
Generation

-0.1
-0.2
-0.3
-0.4
-0.5
-0.6
-0.7
-0.8

Number of variables (2)

F=
1.6000e+003
P1 =
34.0089 64.0272 54.6342
Pl =
2.3491
ALL THE BEST

400

450

500