SMK ISKANDAR SHAH, 77000 JASIN, MELAKA

MODULE FOR SCIENCE FORM FOUR

YEAR 2012

CHAPTER 4

MATTER AND SUBSTANCE

(Week 8 week 11)
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4.5
4.6

Changes in states of matter

structure of atom
proton and nucleon number
type of substance
metal and non- metal
purification method

Satu untuk semua dan semua untuk satu

Prepared by Pn. Habibah Binti Abdullah

4.1

CHANGES IN STATE OF MATTER

1

1. Characteristic of the solid, liquid and gas

State of
matter

Arrangement
of particles

Solid

Movement
of
particles
Vibrates
only

Liquid

Force
between
particles

Kinetic
energy
content

Volume

Shape
Fixed

high

Follows the
volume of
container

Moderate

Low
Moderate

Far a part

Follows the
volume of
container

Gas
2. The effect of heat on the state of matter
A.
Word puzzle

LDOSI

SEAGSA

QDILUI

B. think and copy

FREEZING

CONDENSATION

MELTING

S__________

SUBLIMATION

BOILING

F_______
_
M______
B ______

C. Objective Questions

density

C__________ _
__
2

Question number 1 and 2 refer to below diagram

A

1. Which process represents freezing ?

2. Which process involving matter changes from gases to liquid ?
3. Which of these changes represents a substance sublimating ?

A.

B.

C.

D.

D. Relation Between Changes in Heat with Changes in Kinetic Energy of the particles in Matter
1. Relate changes in heat to changes in kinetic energy of the particles in matter .
Concept

: When temperature rises , the particles obtain more kinetic energy

and move faster and vice versa .

* Picture Key : Compact bubbles to Loose bubbles = absorbs heat / energy (seraph aba / tenaga)
Loose bubbles to Compact bubbles = releases heat / energy (bebas haba / tenaga)
_____________ HEAT / ENERGY

_____________ HEAT / ENERGY

4.3.

ATOMIC STRUCTURE
3

A. Diagram 1 shows model of an atom

Nucleus

Diagram 1
1. Atoms made up of three different particles:
P________________,

E___________________ & N___________________

2. The nucleus contains ______________ and ________________________

3. The ________________ of an atom move around the nucleus in paths called orbits.
4. PROTON NUMBER, NUCLEON NUMBER & ISOTOPES
A. Match

Proton number

Same number of proton but different number

of neutrons

Isotopes

Total number of protons and neutrons

Nucleon number

Nucleon number proton number

Neutron number

Number of protons

B. Complete the table

Element

Number of
protons

Number of
electrons

Number of
neutrons
4

Proton
number

Nucleon
number

3+4=7
14

19

11

23

13

27

(Use periodic table to help student identify an elements)

C. Table 1 shows examples of atom
Atom

Number of protons

Number of electrons

Number of neutrons

16

16

16

17

17

18

18

17

17

17

17

17
Table 1

1. Which of the following atoms are isotopes of the same element ? : ______________________________
D. Multiple choice questions
1. The table shows information about elements P, Q, R and S. Which of the elements are isotopes ?
Element

Nucleon Number

Proton number

12

A P and Q

14

B P and R

14

C Q and R

16

D Q and S

2.
2.

4.4
PERIODIC TABLE
Complete the Periodic Tables with proton number from 1 to proton number 20 . Some of them have been provided .
GROUP
l

ll

lll

lV

Vl

Vll

Vlll

Period
1
Period
2
Period
3
Period
4
Period
5
Period
6

2
4

11

9
15

18

20
Transition Elements

1. The element in the Periodic Table are arranged in order of increasing

A.
B.

number of neutrons
number of protons

C.
D.

mass of the atom

melting point

2. A period in the Periodic Table refers to .

A.
B.
C.
D.

a horizontal row of elements

a vertical column of element
a list of elements having similar chemical properties
a list of element having physical properties

3. Which of the following statements describe the trend in the properties of the
elements moving from left to right across a period ?
l
ll
lll

The elements change from metal to non metal

The electrical conductivity increases
The oxides of elements change from basic to acidic

A.
B.
C.
D.

l and ll only
l and lll only
ll and lll only
l , ll and lll

4. Sketch the periodic table to show the elements metal, semi-metal and non-metal
Note : Elements in the same group have similar chemical properties .
5. Figure below shows an incomplete Periodic Table.
a) Using the letters A , B , C , D , E , F and G name ;
(i)
( ii )
( iii )
( iv )
1

two elements in the same group

a noble gas
an alkaline
element with the largest proton number
2

13

14

15

16

17

C
A

6
B

18

E
D

G
F

b) When moving across a period from A to D , state a change in physical properties .

__________________________________________________________________
c) Element G is a .
A.
B.

non metal
metal

C.
D.

semiconductor
transition element

d) which element represents non metal ?

A.

4.5

PROPERTIES OF SUBSTANCES
A. Write A for substance made of atom, M for substance made of molecules and I for ionic substances in
the boxes provided
a) Low melting point
b) Conduct electricity only in molten state
c) Do not dissolve in water or organic solvents
d) The force of attraction between particles is strong and called ionic bonding
e) Cannot conduct electricity in any form

4.6

METAL AND NON-METAL

A. Classify the following substance into correct groups
Magnesium

Chlorine

Lead

Gold

Potassium

Sulphur dioxide
Phosphorus

Calcium
Zinc oxide

Copper sulphate
Sodium chloride

Lead bromide
Ammonia

Potassium bromide
Sulphur

Substance made of atoms

Substance made of molecules

Substance made of ions

B. Characteristic of metal and non-metal

METAL

NON-METAL
7
CHARACTERISTICS

C. State the uses of metal and non-metal in daily activities.

Numb
1.

Materials

Uses

Silver
Aluminium
Chlorine
Sulphur
Graphite
Diamonds

4.7 METHOD OF PURIFICATION

1. Pure substance has constant melting and boiling point because it has only pure molecules
a. Distilled water melting point :
b. Alcohol

melting point : ..

boiling point
boiling point

:
:

2. Impurities can increase the boiling point of the substance but lower the melting point
a. The melting point of ;
i. Sea water
:
ii. Salt solution
iii. Sugar solution:

..
..
..

3. Method of purification
Method
1. Crystallization (draw the diagram)

Steps
Dissolve the mixture in water

Example of Mixture /
reason

Filter the mixture

Evaporate the filtrate/ allowed to cool

Crystal
2. Evaporation

3. Distillation

4. Separating funnel

5. filtration