Multivariable calculus, 2008-10-31.

Per-Sverre Svendsen, Tel.035 - 167 615/0709 - 398 526.

Minimum requirements: Grade 5: 27p, 4: 21p, 3: 15p.
You are allowed to use one unmarked, ordinary (non-mathematical) dictionary of your choice.
No additional written material is allowed. Also, no calculators or any other electronic equipment.
2

1. The function f (x, y) = ex

+2x+y 2

is defined on the disk D = {(x, y) R2 | x2 + 2x + y 2 0}.

(a) Calculate the maximum directional derivative of f (x, y) at the point (

1 1
2 , 2 ).

(2p)

(b) Calculate the absolute minimum and maximum values of f (x, y) (on D).
ZZ
(c) Calculate
f (x, y) dx dy.

(3p)
(3p)

2. Find and classify all critical points of the function g(x, y) = x2 y + y 2 + 2xy.
3. Calculate

ZZ r

(3p)

x
dx dy, where A is bounded by the curves x2 y = 1, y = 1 and x = 4.
y

(3p)

4. Calculate

ZZ

5. Calculate

ZZZ

(x2

y 2 ) ln(x + y) dx dy , D = {(x, y) R2 | 0 x

y 1, 1 x + y 2}. (3p)

1
x2

+ y2 + z2

dx dy dz, where B is the solid sphere x2 + y 2 + z 2 3.

6. Find the absolute minimum and maximum values of f (x, y) = x2 + y 2

subject to the constraint 5x2 6xy + 5y 2 = 4.
7. Calculate

ZZZ
K

x2 + y 2 dx dy dz , K = {(x, y, z) R3 |

x2 + y 2 z 2

(3p)

(5p)
x2

y 2 }. (5p)

Reference formulas and equations in Multivariable Calculus

Trigonometry and Logarithms

xy
xy
cos
2
2
x+y
x y
cos x cos y = 2 sin
sin
2
2
x+y
x y
cos x + cos y = 2 cos
cos
2
2

sin(x y) = sin x cos y cos x sin y

sin x sin y = 2 sin

cos(x y) = cos x cos y sin x sin y

tan x tan y
1 tan x tan y
cot x cot y 1
cot (x y) =
cot x + cot y
tan (x y) =

sin 2x = 2 sin x cos x

cos 2x = cos2 x

sin2 x = 2 cos2 x

1=1

2 sin x sin y = cos(x

y)

2 cos x cos y = cos(x

y) + cos(x + y)

2 sin2 x 2 sin x cos y = sin(x

ln x + ln y = ln xy

ln x

ln y = ln

ln xa = a ln x

(x, y > 0)

y) + sin(x + y)

x
y

Standard limits
lim x loga x = 0 (a > 1, > 0)

x!0+

sin x
=1
x
ln(1 + x)
lim
=1
x!0
x
x
e
1
lim
=1
x!0
x
lim

x!0

ax
= 1 (a > 1)
x!1 x

x
lim
= 1 (a > 1, > 0)
x!1 loga x
an
lim
=0
n!1 n!
lim

Basic derivatives
f (x)

f 0 (x)

xa

axa

ax

ax ln a

ln |x|

1
x

sin x

cos x

cos x

sin x

tan x

1 + tan2 x =

arcsin x

arccos x
arctan x
p
ln x + x2 +
p

1
2x

x2 + +

ln x +

x2 +

1
1

x2
1
p
1 x2
1
1 + x2
1
p
x2 +
p
x2 +

1
cos2 x

cos(x + y)

Taylor Series
Taylors formula for a function f : R ! R

1
X
f 00 (a) 2
f (n) (a) n
h + =
h
2
n!
n=0

f (a + h) = f (a) + f 0 (a) h +

Table of particular expansions (a = 0, h ! x)

1.

1
1

1
X

k=0

xk = 1 + x + x2 + x3 + ( 1 < x < 1)

2. (x + 1) = 1 + x +

3. ex =

( 1) 2
( 1)(
x +
2
23

2)

x3 + ( 1 < x < 1)

1
X
1 k
1
1
x = 1 + x + x2 + x3 +
k!
2
6

k=0

4. sin x =

1
X
( 1)k+1 2k
x
(2k 1)!

= x

k=1

5. cos x =

1
X
( 1)k 2k
x = 1
(2k)!

1 2
1
x + x4
2
24

k=0

6. ln(x + 1) =

1
X
( 1)k+1 k
x = x
k

k=1

7. arctan x =

1
X
( 1)k+1 2k
x
(2k 1)

1 3
1 5
x +
x
6
120

= x

k=1

1 2
1
x + x3
2
3

( 1 < x 1)

1 3
1
x + x5
3
5

( 1 x 1)

Taylors formula for a function f : R2 ! R

1 2
f (a + h, b + k) = f (a, b) + h fx (a, b) + kfy (a, b) +
h fxx (a, b) + 2hkfxy (a, b) + k 2 fyy (a, b) + =
2
1
X
1 @
@ n
h
+k
f (x, y)(a,b)
n!
@x
@y
n=0

Tangent plane
Function z = f (x, y)
Equation of tangent plane through the point (a, b, f (a, b))
z = f (a, b) + fx (a, b)(x

a) + fy (a, b)(y

b)

Level surface F (x, y, z) = C

Equation of tangent plane through the point (a, b, c)
Fx (a, b, c)(x

a) + Fy (a, b, c)(y

b) + Fz (a, b, c)(z

c) = 0

Directional derivative
The directional derivative of a function f : R3 ! R at the point (a, b, c) and direction u (|u| = 1)
Du f (a, b, c) = fu0 (a, b, c) = u rf (a, b, c) = u (fx (a, b, c), fy (a, b, c), fz (a, b, c)).

Double Integrals
General substitution
Assume a one-to-one mapping between a region D in the xy-plane and a region Duv in the uv-plane
8
8
>
>
>
< x = x(u, v)
< u = u(x, y)
,
>
>
>
: v = v(x, y)
: y = y(u, v)
Then

ZZ

f (x, y) dxdy =

with

ZZ

f (x(u, v), y(u, v))

@(x, y)
dudv,
@(u, v)

Duv

@(x, y)
=
@(u, v)

xu

xv

yu

yv

6= 0.

Polar coordinates
8
>
< x = r cos
>
: y

r sin

@(x, y)
= r,
@(r, )

ZZ

f (x, y) dxdy =

ZZ

f (r cos , r sin ) rdr d

Dr

Triple Integrals
General substitution
As above assume a one-to-one mapping between points (x, y, z) in and (u, v, w) in
ZZ
ZZ
@(x, y, z)
f (x, y, z) dxdydz =
f (x(u, v, w), y(u, v, w), z(u, v, w))
dudvdw,
@(u, v, w)
uvw

with

@(x, y, z)
6= 0
@(u, v, w)

Spherical coordinates
8
>
>
x = sin cos
>
>
>
<
y = sin sin
>
>
>
>
>
: z =
cos

@(x, y, z)
= 2 sin
@(, , )
ZZZ
ZZZ
f (x, y, z) dxdydz =
f ( sin cos , sin sin , cos ) 2 sin d d d

uvw .

Line Integrals
Line integral with respect to arc length
Given a parametrized curve C : r(t) = (x(t), y(t), z(t)), a t b and a function f : R3 ! R.
Z

f (x, y, z) ds =

Zb

f (x(t), y(t), z(t))

(x0 (t))2 + (y 0 (t))2 + (z 0 (t))2 dt, (ds = d|r|)

Surface Integrals
General parametrized surface
S : r = r(u, v) = (x(u, v), y(u, v), z(u, v)), (u, v) D.
ZZ
ZZ
@r @r
f (x, y, z) dS =
f (r(u, v))

dudv
@u @v
S

Function graph z = h(x, y)

S : r = (x, y, z) = (x, y, h(x, y)), (x, y) Sxy .
ZZ
ZZ
q
f (x, y, z) dS =
f (x, y, h(x, y)) 1 + h2x + h2y dxdy
S

Sxy