DESIGN & FABRICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SPRAYER

VISVESVARAYA TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

BELAGAVI-590018

PROJECT SYNOPSIS ON

DESIGN AND FABRICATION OF

AGRICULTURAL SPRAYER
(10ME86)
PROJECT ASSOCIATES
NAMES

USN

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Dr. C.B. SURESH MEM, Ph.D.
Professor

(2015-2016)

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

BAPUJI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
DAVANGERE-577004, KARNATAKA

Contents

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DESIGN & FABRICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SPRAYER

Page No:

Chapter 1. Synopsis

Chapter 2. Literature Survey

Chapter 3. Objectives

Chapter 4. Methodology

Chapter 5. Design

Chapter 6. References

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DESIGN & FABRICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SPRAYER

Chapter 1.
Synopsis
Agriculture is one the key elements of any flourishing economy and a nation as
a whole. As a result, it is necessary to develop new and innovative ways to efficiently
plant and cultivate crops, in order to stay in a favourable standing globally as well as
maintain sufficient supply of crops to satisfactorily suffice the needs of the nation and
meet the demands of export.
Crops face an imminent threat from various sources such as the weather, pests,
rodents, etc. To prevent these from becoming an inconvenience various pesticides
and insecticides are used during cultivation to make them resistant to the respective
issues. To do so general purpose sprayers are used which suit only particular plants,
who can withstand the force with which the liquid is sprayed whereas the other smaller
or weaker plants perish due to the same.
To address this issue we feel the design and fabrication of a mechanical
sprayer which works without the use of electricity in any form and is light weighted so
that it can be easily handled by the operator is an innovative fix to the problem at hand.
We have also designed the sprayers height to be adjustable so as to make it more
versatile for the use of the operator and can be used for both the small and taller
plants.
A sprayer is a device used to spray a liquid. In agriculture, a sprayer is a piece
of equipment that spray nozzles to apply herbicides, pesticides, and fertilizers to
agricultural crops.
Types of Sprayer

Backpack/knapsack

Foot

Garden

Hand compression

Power

Stirrup

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The disadvantages of this system are that it is very heavy, has to be operated
by hand and moreover carrying it on the shoulder is very tiresome. Hence need for an
innovative type of sprayer and thus, we have decided to make an attempt at designing
just that.

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Chapter 2.
Literature Survey
Sprayers are commonly used on farms to spray pesticides, herbicides,
fungicides, and defoliants as a means of crop quality control. There are many kinds of
machine-operated sprayers, the most common of which are low-pressure, highpressure, air-carrier, and fogger types.

Early Sprayers
Though methods of chemical pest control have been used for centuries, they
were not always spread by machine; before the 1800s, most pesticides were applied
by hand. Early sprayers were most likely first developed to apply fungicides in
France. Between 1850 and 1860, John Bean of California, D.B. Smith of New York,
and the Brandt Brothers of Minnesota developed the hand-operated insecticide
sprayer. 1874 marked the year that knapsack sprayers first entered the U.S.
market. At the beginning of the following decade, the first commercial spraying
machine was introduced. By 1887, the first spraying machine that did not rely on
manpower was developed. This traction sprayer was supplied with power by the
machines wheels and was horse-drawn. In 1894, the first steam-powered sprayer
was produced.

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DESIGN & FABRICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SPRAYER

Chapter 3.
Objectives
We have decided on this project with the purpose to achieving these varied goals
which we feel are very necessary to be addressed in this day and age.
1. To cover a maximum area in a minimal amount of time.
For an agriculturist, it is very important to manage time as to efficiently
manage the whole field which is usually over a large geographical area. Such a
large area cannot be handled if proper methods are not in place. The wide
coverage span of the sprayer arm ensures that a larger area is covered as
compared to the conventional sprayer.
2. Save Electricity
Since the sprayer is mechanically operated and no form of electricity is used
in its operation it does not increase the electricity usage of the agriculturist. An
asset which is quite scarcely available in most agricultural areas.
3. Reduce human effort
Since the entire apparatus is quite light unlike the conventional sprayer the
operator does not need to exert as much effort as the operator would using the
conventional method and also has a wheel which is much more convenient to
pull/push as opposed to carrying the heavy weighted sprayer tank.
4. Handling is easy
As mentioned above the wheel and light weight of this apparatus makes its
handling quite easy.
5. No skilled labour required
No prior knowledge of the device is required to operate it as it just requires
to be pushed and the liquid is sprayed accordingly, so much so that if it were
suitably attached to cattle they could perform the entire operation with minimal
supervision. The conventional method, on the other hand, requires the method of
operation of the sprayer to be known.

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DESIGN & FABRICATION OF AGRICULTURAL SPRAYER

Chapter 4.
Methodology
Phase I:

Data Collection
Data collection phase involves the collection of reference material for
project concept, the idea is taken from book ingenious mechanisms for
designers and inventors

Phase II:

System Design
The system design comprises of the development of the mechanism so
that the given concept can perform the desired operation. The system
design also determines the system components and their shape and
overall dimensions, the parts are as shown in the part list above.

Phase III:

Mechanical Design
The parts mentioned above in the part list will be designed for stress and
strain under the given system of forces, and appropriate dimensions will
be derived.

Phase IV: Production Drawing Preparation

Production drawings of the parts are prepared using NX-CAD, with
appropriate dimensional and geometric tolerances. Raw material sizes for
parts are also determined.
Phase V:

Material Procurement & Process Planning

The material is procured as per raw material specification and part
quantity. Part process planning is done to decide the process of
manufacture and appropriate machine for the same.

Phase VI: Manufacturing

Parts are produced as per the part drawings.
Phase VII: Assembly Test & Trial
Assembly of the device is done as per assembly drawing, and test and
trial are conducted on the device for evaluating performance.
Phase VIII: Report Preparation
Report preparation of the activities carried out during the above phases is
done.

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Chapter 5.
Design

Figure 1: Design of Agricultural Sprayer

When the equipment is pushed forward by using handles, the wheel rotates
and the sprocket which is mounted on the axle of the wheel also starts to rotate. The
rotation is then transferred to the shaft carrying the crank through the chain drive. The
rotary motion of the shaft is converted into the reciprocating motion by the single slider
crank mechanism, as a result, the connecting rod moves upward and downward which
then reciprocate the piston of single acting reciprocating pump mounted at the top of
the storage tank. During the upward motion of the connecting rod the pesticide is
drawn into the pump and during the downward motion of connecting rod the pesticide
is forced to the delivery valve, the delivery is connected to the pipe carrying the number
of nozzles.

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Chapter 6.
References
http://www.ritchiewiki.com/wiki/index.php/Sprayer
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pesticide_application

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