Configuring Routing Protocol using

Cisco Packet Tracer

Muhammad Niswar

Agenda

Introduction to Packet Tracer

Configuring Static Routing

Configuring Dynamic Routing

Routing Protocol

Static Routes

Dynamic Routes

RIP

EIGRP

OSPF

BGP

Routing

To enable the packet to be routed, router need

at least the following information:

Destination address
Neighbor routers from which it can learn
about remote networks
Possible routes to all remote networks
The best route to each remote network
How to maintain and verify routing
information

Static Routing

Manual configuration.
A static route includes the network address and subnet
mask of the destination network, along with the exit
interface or the IP address of the next hop router.
The routing table designates static routes with an S.
More stable and reliable than routes learned
dynamically which results in a lower administrative
distance compared to the dynamic routes.

Dynamic Routing

Dynamic routing protocols also add remote

networks to the routing table.
Dynamic routing protocols enable routers to
share information about the reachability and
status of remote networks through network
discovery.

Dynamic Routing

Each protocol sends and receives data packets

while locating other routers and updating and
maintaining routing tables.
Routes learned through a dynamic routing
protocol are identified by the protocol used. For
example, R for RIP and D for EIGRP. They are
assigned the administrative distance of the
protocol.

Static vs. Dynamic Routing

Static Routing

Dynamic Routing

Configuration Complexity

Increase with network size

Generally independent of
the network size

Topology Changes

Administrator intervention
required

Automatically adapts to
topology

Scaling

Suitable for simple

topologies

Suitable for simple and

complex topologies

Security

More secure

Less secure

Resource Usage

No extra resources needed

Uses CPU, Memory, Link

BW

Predictability

Route to destination is
always the same

Routes depends on the

current topology

Cisco Packet Tracer

Cisco Packet Tracer

Basic Command

Switch to Configuration Mode

Router>en

Router#

Display the configuration:

Router#show running-config
Router#show starup-config
configuration in NVRAM

----> OR sh star

Router#copy running-config startup-config ----> OR

copy run star Save the configuration

Cisco Packet Tracer

Basic Command
Bring back to default configuration:

Router#wr erase
Erasing the nvram filesystem (remove all
configuration file)
Router#reload

....Turn the switch off (Power cable)

....Turn it on while pressing for at least 5-10
secs the mode button.

Cisco Packet Tracer

Basic Command

Change the hostname:

Switch#configure terminal

Switch(config)#hostname SW1

SW1(config)#

Cisco Packet Tracer

Basic Command

Setting address on fastethernet interface:

Switch#configure terminal

Switch(config)#interface fastethernet 0/1

Switch(config-if)#ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0

Switch(config-if)#no shutdown

Switch(config-if)#exit

Switch(config)

Static Routing Configuration

Cisco Configuration
Router(config)#ip route [network-address] [subnet mask]
[address of next hop OR exit interface]

Steps of Routing Configuration

Draw the topology

Determine the IP addressing Scheme

Assign IP address to interfaces with subnet

mask

Configure Routing Protocol

Verify the connection

Static Routing

Dynamic Routing
Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

Distance-Vector Protocol
Bellman-Ford Algorithm to calculate its routes
Each router sends a list of distance-vectors
each of its neighbors periodically.
Metric = Number of hops (cost to get the
destination)
Two version of RIP:

RIPv1 (RFC1055)

RIPv2 (RFC2453)

Configuring RIP
Step 1: Enter privileged EXEC mode:
Router>enable password
Step 2: Enter the configure terminal command to enter global configuration mode.
Router#config terminal
Step 3: Enter the router rip command
Router(config)#router rip
Step 4: Add the network number to use RIP &repeat this step for all the
numbers.
Router(config-router)#network network-number
Example: Router(config-router)#network 192.168.10.0
Note: To turn off RIP, use the no router rip command.
Router(config)#no router rip

RIPv1

Classfull Routing Protocol

Hop Counts Max : 15 hops

Routing Update:

every 30 sec

No Authentication

RIPv2

Classless Routing Protocol

Hop Counts Max : 15 hops

Routing Update:

every 30 sec

Authentication