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1. (a) Write short notes on “Two cavity Klystron oscillator”.
(b) Derive the expression for transadmittance of Reflex Klystron Oscillator and
explain the condition of oscillation from admittance spiral.. [6+10]
2. (a) Draw a labeled schematic diagram of Helix TWT and explain the structural
features. Show that output power gain of TWT is G=-9.54 + 47.3 CN db.
(b) How are oscillators prevented in a TWT?.
(b) Compare the features of rising Sun magnetron with cavity magnetron. [8+8]
5. (a) A rectangular wave-guide has a cross section of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm, σ=0, µ= µ0
and ∈= 4∈0 . The
magnetic
field component is given as
πx 3πy 11
Hx = 2Sin a cos b Sin (π × 10 t − β z) A/m
Determine
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i. The mode of operation
ii. The cut off frequency
iii. The phase constant
iv. The propagation constant
v. The wave impedance.
(b) Write short notes on “Rectangular resonant Cavity”. [10+6]
7. (a) Determine the S parameters for a 10dB directional coupler. The directivity
is 30 dB. Assume that directional coupler is lossless and the VSWR at each
port is 1.0 under matched conditions.
(b) Explain the Faraday rotation in Ferrites in detail. [8+8]
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1. (a) Discuss the advantages of microwaves over low frequencies.
(b) A two cavity Klystron amplifier has the following parameters.
V0 = 1200V, I0 = 25mA, Ro = 30 KΩ, f= 10GHz, d= 1 mn, L = 4 cm, Rsh
= 30Ω Calculate
i. the input voltage for maximum output voltage
ii. the Voltage gain in decibels
iii. Efficiency..
2. (a) Distinguish between different types of slow wave structures. Why is a slow
[7+9]
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4. (a) Discuss in detail how negative resistance region appears in the characteristics
of a GUNN diode.
(b) What is transferred electron effect? Explain LSA diode along with its appli-
cations. [8+8]
5. (a) A rectangular wave-guide has a cross section of 1.5 cm x 0.8 cm, σ=0, µ= µ0
and ∈= 4∈0 . The
magnetic field component is given as
3πy
Hx = 2Sin πxa
cos b
Sin (π × 1011
t − β z) A/m
Determine
i. The mode of operation
ii. The cut off frequency
iii. The phase constant
iv. The propagation constant
v. The wave impedance.
(b) Write short notes on “Rectangular resonant Cavity”. [10+6]
6. (a) Derive the expressions for coupling factor and directivity of a two hole direc-
tional coupler.
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(b) Using slotted line, draw a typical microwave bench setup for measurement of
unknown load and explain. [8+8]
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1. (a) Compare “Drift space bunching” and “Reflector bunching” with the help of
Applegate diagrams.
(b) A reflex Klystron operates at the peak of n=1 or 3/4 mode. The dc power
input is 40mW and ratio of V1 to V0 is 0.278.
i. Determine the efficiency of the Reflex Klystron Oscillator
ii. Find the total power output in mW.
iii. If 20% of the power delivered by the electron beam is dissipated in the
cavity walls, find the power delivered to the load.. [6+10]
2. (a) Draw a labeled schematic diagram of Helix TWT and explain the structural
features. Show that output power gain of TWT is G=-9.54 + 47.3 CN db.
(b) How are oscillators prevented in a TWT?. [10+6]
3. (a) Draw neatly the cross section of a 8 cavity magnetron and explain the mech-
anism of oscillations.
(b) For a magnetron a= 0.6 m, b = 0.8m, N=16, B= 0.06T, f= 3 GHz and V0 =
1.6 KV. Calculate the average drift velocity for electrons in the region between
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cathode and anode. [8+8]
5. (a) Starting with the equation for the propagation constant of a mode in a rec-
tangular wave guide, Derive the expression λ = √ λgλc
2 2
λg +λc
Where λg is the guide wave length and λc is the cutoff wave length
(b) An air filled rectangular wave guide has dimensions of 0.9” x 0.4” and is
supporting T E10 mode at a frequency of 9800 MHz. Calculate the wave guide
impedance. Calculate the percentage change in this impedance for a 10%
increase in the operating frequency. [8+8]
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7. (a) What are ferrite devices? Explain how Faraday rotation is utilized in the
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construction of a 4 port circulator.
(b) What are the advantages of scattering matrix representation over impedance
and admittance matrix representations? [10+6]
8. (a) What are the precautions to be taken while setting up microwave bench for
measurement of various parameters.
(b) How do you measure microwave power using a Bolometer. [8+8]
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1. (a) Explain clearly the different high frequency effects in electron tubes and show
how these are eliminated in the design of a high frequency microwave tube.
(b) The bunching grids of a Klystron amplifier are 2 mm apart. The beam voltage
is 2KV and the drift space is 2.8 cm. Long. What must be the value of the RF
voltage at the bunching grid to produce maximum fundamental components
of the current at the catcher. Assume the operating frequency 2.8 GHz. On
what factors does the bunching parameter depend upon?. [8+8]
2. (a) What is a slow wave structure? Explain and differentiate between different
structures.
(b) Explain the working principle of TWT amplifier.. [8+8]
3. (a) Describe how microwave frequencies are generated in a magnetron tube with
neat sketches.
(b) What is Π mode? What are the various modes that are possible in a mag-
netron. [8+8]
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(b) What is a MASER? What does its name signify? What applications does it
have? [8+8]
7. (a) What are microwave ferrites? Explain the working of ferrite isolator.
(b) Derive the S-matrix of a directional coupler in standard form. [8+8]
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