TRANSMISSION

(OFC SPLICING)

OFC Splicing
Splices are permanent connection between two fibers.
The splicing involves cutting of the edges of the two fibers
to be spliced.

Splicing Methods
The following three types are widely used :
Adhesive bonding or Glue splicing.
Mechanical splicing.
Fusion splicing.

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Adhesive Bonding or Glue Splicing

This is the oldest splicing technique used in fiber splicing.
After fiber end preparation, it is axially aligned in a
precision Vgroove.
Cylindrical rods or another kind of reference surfaces are
used for alignment. During the alignment of fiber end, a
small amount of adhesive or glue of same refractive index as
the core material is set between and around the fiber ends.
A two component epoxy or an UV curable adhesive is used as
the bonding agent.
The splice loss of this type of joint is same or less than fusion
splices. But fusion splicing technique is more reliable, so at
present this technique is very rarely used.
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Mechanical Splicing
This technique is mainly used for temporary
splicing in case of emergency repairing. This
method is also convenient to connect measuring
instruments to bare fibers for taking various
measurements.

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Fusion Splicing
The fusion splicing technique is the most popular technique
used for achieving very low splice losses. The fusion can be
achieved through electrical arc.
The process involves cutting of the fibers and fixing them in
micro-positioner on the fusion splicing machine.
The fibers are then aligned automatically core aligning
process.
Afterwards the operation that takes place involve
withdrawal of the fibers to a specified distance, preheating
of the fiber ends through electric arc and bringing together
of the fiber ends in a position and splicing through high
temperature fusion.
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FIBRE GEOMETRY

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OPTICAL FIBRE PARAMETERS

Optical fibre systems have the following

parameters.
Window.

Attenuation.
Dispersion.

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ATTENUATION

Attenuation is defined as the loss of

optical power over a set distance, a fiber
with lower attenuation will allow more
power to reach a receiver than fiber with
higher attenuation.

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DISPERSION
It is defined as the spreading of light pulse as it
travels down the fiber. Because of the spreading
effect, pulses tend to overlap, making them
unreadable by the receiver.

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WINDOW
A narrow window is defined as the range of wavelengths at which
a fiber best operates. Typical windows are given below :

Window
800nm - 900nm
1250nm - 1350nm
1500nm - 1600nm

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Operational Wavelength
850nm
1300nm
1550nm

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