AUTOMATION STRATEGY

FEED MHPP Mamasa

AUTOMATION STRATEGY OF
MHPP Mamasa

1 Introduction of Automation Systems

Hydropower stations are mainly located in remote mountainous area and
far from town, which use computer monitoring and control system instead
of manual operation and timing tour of inspection and record etc
miscellaneous labor to realize the unattended or less unattended.
Integrated

automation

of

hydropower

station

is

full

automatic

monitoring control system and based on the basis of computer monitoring

and control system, which is used for the hydrological measuring and
reporting the whole hydropower plant, even the cascade hydropower
stations or the entire river basin(including start-stop control and operating
condition monitoring of the Unit, auxiliary and utility equipments, load
distribution), until the automatic control of transmission line in the whole
operation

process,

and

is

able

to

accurate

and

real-time

data

communicate etc with the scheduling department at the next higher level.
Generally it includes five subsystems.
SCADA (supervisory control and data acquisition) is a system that
operates with coded signals over communication channels so as to
provide control of remote equipment (using typically one communication
channel per remote station). The control system may be combined with a
data acquisition system by adding the use of coded signals over
communication channels to acquire information about the status of the
remote equipment for display or for recording functions. SCADA systems
are used to monitor all the parameters of the power plant and its
supporting tools. In principle, SCADA systems are used to maintain the
rotation of the turbine so that all the electrical parameters of both voltage
and frequency can be maintained. Rotation of the turbine is set by
adjusting the governor means regulate the amount of water into the
1 | Page

AUTOMATION STRATEGY
FEED MHPP Mamasa

turbine. Besides other parameters that must be observed by the SCADA is

vibration and temperature of the turbine itself.
In general, this SCADA system controls has 3 main part:
1.

Turbine Control System

Following is a typical block diagram which shows function & operation
carry out by Turbine Controller.

Speed & load control.

Turbine Controller has state of art measuring & controlling function
for speed regulation, load measurement & control.
Turbine Controller has special feature of Energy measurement for
speed regulation. In Energy measurement the Turbine Controller
not only monitors the rotational speed but also monitors the
acceleration & deceleration part for regulation during ramping up
& down of turbine.
Sequence Control.
Once start command is given to controller (by a Digital input or
through touch panel or by Modbus command), controller will give
necessary commands (to OPU system, to LUB plant, to CW system
& all other auxiliaries if present) to carry out the sequencing
operation, Brake control operation is also been taken care by
controller during starting & stopping sequence. Once all preset
2 | Page

AUTOMATION STRATEGY
FEED MHPP Mamasa

conditions are met to rotate turbine, controller will take the

machine to rated RPM.
Synchronization

&

load

control
Once reached to Rated RPM in Auto mode, controller will start
synchronization & once all the condition are met, controller will
close the generator breaker & regulate the machine to given power
set point. This power set point can be changed either by Touch panel,
or by Analog input or by Modbus command.
Mechanical Protection
All the RTD connected to Turbine Controller are measured continuously
& once Temperature rises above given set point Turbine Controller will
give suitable alarm or Trip. Text & protection set points for RTD are
freely configurable from Touch Panel & can be changed easily.
Electrical Protection
Turbine Controller is built in protection unit in it. It measures the
voltage (of generator & mains) & current of generator & carry out the
necessary protections. All the set points & time delay for protection
function can be changed by Touch panel.
2.

LV and MV Control System

Relay protection at low voltage (LV)& Medium voltage (MV) panel is
used to limit the existing electrical parameters. Protection relays have
two values, namely limit values and alarm trip value. If the parameters
are detected has reached the value of the alarm, the alarm will sound
and the system operator take steps to eliminate the alarm, if it can not
reached the nominal value then the parameter will rise to reach the rip
level. If the trip level is reached then the circuit breaker open to

3 | Page

AUTOMATION STRATEGY
FEED MHPP Mamasa

disconnect between the system and the load. It is used to secure the
load / customers from excess voltage.
3.

Auxiliary Control system

Auxiliary control system is a support system so that all systems can
work well. In addition to oil cooling system for the turbine, some
sensors

are

also

used

for

detecting

parameters

to

be

detected. Parameters like vibration is also necessary to keep the

turbine has been working without any interruption of the mechanical
side. There was also a sensor to determine the water pressure in the
penstock pipe.
The water pressure is needed to determine whether the pressures of
water is sufficient to run a turbine or not.

4 | Page

5 | Page