MIAA V.

CITY OF PASAY
TOPIC: ADMINISTRATIVE LAW
DOCTRINE: The term government "instrumentality"
is broader than
the
term
"government-owned
or
controlled corporation." They have different definitions
under the Admin Code.
Facts:
1. Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA)
operates and administers Ninoy International
Airport Complex under EO 903.
2. MIAA received final notice of real property tax
delinquency from the City of Pasay for the taxable
years 1992 and 2001.
a. City of Pasay, through its City treasurer,
issued notice of levy and warrants of levy for
the NAIA Pasay properties.
b. City Mayor of Pasay threatened to sell at
public auction the NAIA Pasay properties if
the delinquent real property taxes remain
unpaid.
3. MIAA filed with the CA petition for prohibition and
injunction with prayer for preliminary injunction or
TRO. It sought to enjoin City of Pasay from imposing
real property taxes, levying against, and auctioning
for public sale the NAIA Pasay properties. CA
DISMISSED THE PETITION.
a. Sec. 193 and 234 RA 7160 [LGC], withdrew
the exemption from payment of real property
taxes granted to natural or juridical persons,
including GOCCs, except local water districts,
cooperatives duly registeres under RA 6938,
non-stock and non-profit hospitals, and
educational institutions.
i. MIAA is a GOCC; hence, its ta
exemption has been withdrawn.

ISSUE: WON NAIA Pasay Properties of MIAA are exempt

from real property tax. YES.
HELD:
Court has already resolved the issue of whether the
airport lands and buildings of MIAA are exempted
from tax under existing laws.
o MIAA v. CA MIAA is not a GOCC under Sec.
2[13] Introductory provisions of the Admin
Code because it is not organized as a stock
or non-stock corporation. Nor it is a GOCC
under Sec. 16 Art. XII of the Constitution
because MIAA is not required to meet the
test of economic viability.
o MIAA is a government instrumentality vested
with corporate powers and performing
essential public services. As a govt
instrumentality, it is not subject to any kind
of tax by local govt.
The exception to the exemption in
under Sec. 234 does not apply to MIAA
because it is not a taxable entity
under the LGC.
o Airport lands and buildings of MIAA are
properties devoted to public use and this are
properties of the public dominion.
"instrumentality" Section 2(10)1 of the Introductory
Provisions of the Administrative Code uses the
phrase "includes x x x government-owned or
controlled corporations" which means that a
government "instrumentality" may or may not be a
1

Instrumentality refers to any agency of the national Government, not

integrated within the department framework, vested with special functions or
jurisdiction by law, endowed with some if not all corporate powers,
administering special funds, and enjoying operational autonomy, usually
through a charter. This term includes regulatory agencies, chartered institutions
and government-owned or controlled corporations.

"government-owned or controlled corporation." The

term government "instrumentality" is broader than
the term "government-owned or controlled
corporation." "Government-owned or controlled
corporation" has a separate definition under
Section 2(13)2 of the Introductory Provisions of the
Administrative Code.
A close scrutiny of the definition of "governmentowned or controlled corporation" in Section 2(13)
will show that MIAA would not fall under such
definition. MIAA
is
a
government
"instrumentality" that does not qualify as a
"government-owned
or
controlled
corporation."
o

A
government-owned
or
controlled
corporation must be "organized as a stock or
non-stock
corporation."
MIAA
is
not
organized
as
a
stock
or
non-stock
corporation. MIAA is not a stock corporation
because it has no capital stock divided into
shares. MIAA has no stockholders or voting
shares.

MIAA is also not a non-stock corporation because it

has no members. A non-stock corporation must
have members.

Even if we assume that the Government is

considered as the sole member of MIAA, this will
not make MIAA a non-stock corporation.
o

Section 11 of the MIAA Charter

mandates MIAA to remit 20% of its
annual gross operating income to the
National Treasury.

This prevents MIAA from qualifying as a nonstock corporation.

MIAA is a government instrumentality vested with

corporate powers to perform efficiently its
governmental functions. MIAA is like any other
government instrumentality, the only difference is
that MIAA is vested with corporate powers.

When
the
law
vests
in
a
government
instrumentality
corporate
powers,
the
instrumentality does not become a corporation.
Unless the government instrumentality is organized
as a stock or non-stock corporation, it remains a
government instrumentality exercising not only
governmental but also corporate powers.

MIAA is not a government-owned or controlled

corporation but a government instrumentality

Government-owned or controlled corporation refers to any agency organized

as a stock or non-stock corporation, vested with functions relating to public
needs whether governmental or proprietary in nature, and owned by the
Government directly or through its instrumentalities either wholly, or, where
applicable as in the case of stock corporations, to the extent of at least fifty-one
(51) percent of its capital stock: Provided, That government-owned or controlled
corporations may further be categorized by the department of Budget, the Civil
Service Commission, and the Commission on Audit for the purpose of the
exercise and discharge of their respective powers, functions and responsibilities
with respect to such corporations.

Non-stock corporations cannot distribute any

part of their income to their members.

which is exempt from any kind of tax from the local

governments.
DISPOSITIVE: Petition Granted. MIAA exempt from tax.