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In order to understand a qualitative application of GD&T to a production environment, one must understand
the design model. A design model consists of a collection of geometric shapes, referred to as features. In a
completed design, the geometry of the feature must be defined and the deviation of its geometry attributes
(e.g., location, orientation, size, and form) must be constrained. There are two common approaches to
constraining the deviation of the geometry attributes of the features in the design model. GD&T may be
applied to each feature based on how the part functions or it may be based on how the part is manufactured.
It is generally considered best practice for application of GD&T based on part function.
The geometric characteristic symbol, along with a tolerance value, modifying symbols, and a datum
reference frame are grouped together in a feature control frame as shown below.
The feature control frame, sometimes referred to as a GD&T callout, defines the allowable feature deviation
based feature function and design intent.