Sets

Partition of Sets

Theory

SOLVED PROBLEMS
Q1) if A={a} , B={b,c} , C={d,e,f} , find 1) ABC 2) AB
Solution:
1) ABC={(a1,a2,a3)|a1A,a2B,a3C}
={(a,b,d),(a,b,e),(a,b,f),(a,c,d),(a,c,e),(a,c,f)}
2) AB={(a1,a2)|a1A,a2B}
={(a,b),(a,c)}

Q2) Prove following relations

1)A(BUC)=(AB)U(AC)
Solution: A(BUC)={(x,y)|xA and yBUC}
={(x,y)|xA and yB or yC}
={(x,y)|(xA and yB) or(xA and yC)}
={(x,y)|xA and yB} U {(x,y)|xA and yC}
=(AB)U(AC)

Sets

Partition of Sets

Theory

Q3) Consider following collection of subsets

S={a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h}
I. [{a,b,c},{d,e,f},{f,g,h}]
II. [{a,b,c},{d,e,f},{g,h}]
III. [{a,b},{d,e,f},{g,h}] which of the these collection Is a
partition and which are not ? Give reason.
Solution:
I. Here intersection is not null as f is getting repeated
hence it is not a partition.
II. It is a partition as it follows both conditions.
III. It isnt partition as union is not equal to U.

Q4) A survey of 550 T.V watchers produce following info:285 watch football,195 watch hockey,115 watch baseball
game,45 watch football and baseball,70 watch football and
hockey,50 watch hockey and baseball,100 do not watch any
game
a) how many people watch all three games?
b) how many people watch only one of 3 games?

Sets

Partition of Sets

Theory

Solution: let F denote people watching football,H denote

hockey and B denote baseball game. So by given data,
|F|=285
|H|=195
|B|=115
|FB|=45
|FH|=70
|BH|=50
|FUBUC|=100
a) no of people who watch all 3 games can be denoted by
|FHB|. 100 people do not watch any of given games
|(FBC)|=100
FUBUC=550-|FUBUC|=550-100=450
Now by theorem of inclusion and exclusion
|FUBUH|=|F|+|B|+|H|-|FH|-|FB|-|BH|+|FBH|
450=285+115+195-70-45-50+|FBH|
|FBH|=450-(285+115+195-70-45-50)
=450-430=20
Number of people who watch all 3 games=20.

Sets

Partition of Sets

Theory

b) Number of people who watch only one of 3 games.

It is given by
(FUBUH)-|FB|-|BH|-|FH|+2|FBH|
=450-45-50-70+220=450-125=325

Q5) In an examination,there was result as: 42% students

passed in mathematics, 45% passed in physics, 41% passed in
chemistry,16% passed in mathematics and physics,19%
passed in physics and chemistry,18% passed in chemistry and
mathematics.
a) Find no of students who passed in all 3 subjects. Also, total
students=260 and 15% failed in all subjects
Solutions: passing percentage is passing out of 100.
Let ,M denote students passed in Mathematics, P-Physics and
C-Chemistry

Sets

Partition of Sets

By given data,
n(M)=42, n(C)=41, n(P)=45, n(MP)=16, n(PC)=19,
n(MC)=18 required PMC
Now by principle of inclusion and exclusion
n(MUPUC)=n(M)+n(P)+n(C)-n(MP)-n(MC)n(PC)+n(MPC)
=42+45+41-(16+19+18)+ n(PMC)
But 15% students have failed in all 3 subjects
n(MUPUC)=n(S)-n(MUPUC)=100-15=85
85=42+45+41-53+ n(PMC)
n(MPC)=85-128+53=10
But this is for 100 10%
for 260 students=26010/100=26
Therefore 26 students have failed in all 3 subjects.

Theory

Sets

Partition of Sets

Theory

Q6) Among the first 1000 positive integer,how many of

these.
a) are not divisible by 3,5, or 7.
b) are divisible by 3 not by 5 and 7.
Solution:
a) Let A denote numbers divisible by 3, B denote numbers
divisible by 5 and C denote numbers divisible by 7.
n(A)=|A|=|1000/3|=333
n(B)=|B|=|1000/5|=200
n(C)=|C|=|1000/7|=142
|AB|=|1000/(35)|=66 , |AC|=|1000/(37)|=47 ,
|BC|=|1000/(57)|=28 ,
|ABC|=|1000/(357)|=9
Now numbers not divisible by 3,5 or 7 is given by (AUBUC)
By principle of inclusion and exclusion
|AUBUC| = |A| + |B| + |C| |AB| |AC| |BC| +
|ABC|
|AUBUC|=333+200+142-66-47-28+9=543
|AUBUC|=100-543=457
Numbers not divisible by 3,5 or 7=457.

Sets

Partition of Sets

Theory

b) n=Numbers which are divisible by 3 not by 5 and 7 is given

by
|A|-|BA|-|BC|+|ABC|
= 333-(66+47)+9=229
Numbers which are divisible by 3 but not by 5 and 7 =229.