lnstructionsfor the use of

Viscometer
The Cannon-Fenske
Opaque(Reverse-Flow)
SeealsoASTMD 445.D2170.D 446andISO3105
1. Cleanthe viscometerusingsuitablesolvents,and dry by passingclean,dry, filteredair
through the instrumentto removethe final tracesof solvents. Periodically,tracesof
organicdepositsshouldbe removedwith chromicacid or non-chromiumcleaning
solution.
2. If thereis a possibilityof lint, dust,or othersolid materialin the liquid sample,filter the
samplethrougha fritted glassfilter or fine meshscreen.

N
|
L

a
1

To chargethe sampleinto the viscometer,invert the instrumentand apply suctionto tube

L, immersingfube N in the liquid sample,and draw liquid to mark G. Wipe cleanarm N,
and tum the instrumentto its normal vertical position.

4.

Placethe viscometerinto the holder,and insertit into the constanttemperaturebath. A

Routineviscometerand the Cannonviscometerholderwhich fits the Cannon-Fenske
Manning Semi-Microviscometerwill also fit the Cannon-FenskeOpaqueviscometer.
Align the viscometervertically in the bath by meansof a small plumb bob in tube L, if a
self-aligningholderhasnot beenused.

5 . Allow sampleto flow throughcapillary tube R and approximatelyhalf-fillbulb A,

stoppingthe meniscusin bulb B by placing rubber stopperin tube N.

Allow approximatelyl0 minutesfor the sampleto come to bath temperatureat 40"C and
15 minutesat 100oC. Make surethe meniscusin bulb B doesnot reachline E.

6.

J
F

7 . Removethe rubberstopperand allow the meniscusto travel upwardsinto bulbs C and D.

Using two clocks,measurethe efflux times for the meniscusto passfrom mark E to mark
F, and from mark F to mark I.

8 . Calculatethe kinematicviscosityof the sampleby multiplying the efflux time in seconds

for eachbulb by the viscometerconstantfor eachbulb.

Repeatmeasurementcan be madeby repeatingstepsI thru 8.

e.

Cannon-Fenske(Reverse-Flow)
Viscometerfor Opaque and
Transparent Liquids
VISCOSITY
RANGES
FORTHE
RECOMMENDED
VISCOMETERS
OPAQUE
CANNON-FENSKE

The expandeduncertainty'with 95% confidenceof the calibration

measurements
relativeto the primary standardis as follows:

Range of Viscosity

Kinematic Viscosity Range

mm t/s, (cSt)
Size mm t/s t, lcst/s;

25
50
75
100
150
200
300
3s0
400
450
500
600
650
700

0.002
0.004
0.008
0.015
0.035
0.1
0.25

0.s
t.2
2.5
8
20
45
100

0.5
0.8
1.6
J

7
20
50
100
240
s00
1600
4000
9000
20000

t
t
t
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to
to

o
o
o

2
4
8
15
35
100
250
500
1200
2500
8000
20000
45000
100000

Combined Expanded

mm'/s
<10
l0 - 100

Uncertainty
0.16%

100- 1000
1000- 10000
10000- 100000

0.29%
0.38%
0.44%

0.22%

The assigned uncertainty of the primary viscosity standard at 20oC

is f 0.17%. SeeISO 3666.
'
An expandeduncertaintyU is determinedby multiplying the combined
standarduncertainly u. by a coveragefbctor k: U : kt4, where k = 2. See
NIST TechnicalNote 1297,1994edition, GuidelinesJbr Evoluatingand
Expressingthe Uncertainty of I'llST futeusuremenlResults.

THISPRODUCT
wAS CALIBRATEDWITHINA QUALITYSYSTEMWHICHIS REGISTERED
TO ISO9001:2000.

PA I6803
STATECOLLEGE,

CANNONINSTRUMENTCOMPANY
P10.0103

@zoo+

0204

Certificate
of Calibration
Gp.gp1,1y,,op'iutt
935,\

Viscometer No.

1262.01

rheinctusion
oftheA2LA-^9:
(REVERSE
cANNON-FENSKE
FLow) TypE FoR opAeuE LIeurDS
!:::
approval
notimplycertificationt
of
(Standard
rest ASTM D 445and3104)
or tested.
theorocrttcts
caribrated

ACCREDITED
*1262.011
Certificate
Constant,
m*t/st, (cSt/s)
C
D

ViscometerConstantat 40"C
ViscometerConstantat 100"C

0.2391

{ ) .t 7 3 5

0.2409

0.r 7J8

The viscometerconstantat othertemperaturescan be obtainedby interpolationor extrapolation.To obtain kinematic viscos

mmt/s (cSt) multiply the efflux time in secondsby the viscometerconstant.To obtain viscosityin mPa.s(cP), multiply the l
viscosity in mm2/s(cSt) by the densityin gramsper milliliter.
The aboveconstantsassumea value for the coefficientof thermalexpansiontypical to that for mineral oil, and that the visco
was filled with test sampleat room temperature.If the filling temperatureTe is substantiallydifferentthan room temperaturt
viscometerconstantat testtemperahueT1 is C" (l + B [Tt - Tr]). The valuesof Coand B shown below arebasedon a coeff
thermalexpansiontypical t0 that for a mineral oil.
Kinematic viscositiesof the standardsused in calibratingwere establishedin MasterViscometersas describedin Ind. Eng. C
Anal. Ed. 16,708(1944),ASTM D2162, and the Joumal of Researchof the National Bureauof Standards,Vol. 52, No. 3, Mi
ResearchPaper2479. Kinematicviscositiesare basedon the primary viscositystandard,water, at20"C (ITS-90). The inten
acceptedvalue for the viscosityof waterat 20oC(ITS-90)is 1.0016mPa.sor kinematicviscosityis 1.0034mm2/sas listedir
3666. The gravitationalconstant,g, is 980.1 cm/sec2at the CannonInstrumentCompany. The gravitationalconstantvaries
0.1% in the United States.To make this small correctionin the viscometerconstant,multiply the aboveviscometerconstant
factor [g (at your laboratory)/ 980.1]. The calibrationdatabelow are traceableto the National Institutefor Standardsand Te
Temperaturemeasurementtraceableto NIST (SPRT Test No. available).

CALIBRATION DATA AT 4OOC

Viscosity
Standard
t6{)
It00

Constant,
mmt/s2,(cSt/s)
C
D
0 . 2 t 9 2 0 .r 7 3 1

Effluxtime,Seconds
C
D
282.87 390.19

Kinematic Viscosity
mmt/s.(cst)
6 7 .6 6
| 2 l i .0

51J.35

0.23e5 0.l716

7 1 7 .| 8

Room Temp.(approx.)

2-1

oc.

Charge(approx.)

l l.lJ

ml.

Driving fluid head(approx.)

l5.l

c mf o rC , I l . l

cm for D.

cm for C, 2.u

cm for D.

o/ofor C,

o/ofor D higherthan at 40'C.

Working diameterof upper reservoir 2.6

Constantat 100'C. is
Calibrated
bv

lt)l ll orr I l ll2l01

0.65

Average: 0'2391

0.77

0 .| 7 3 5

Co:

0' l l tl 9

r )r. 7 ll

B :

ll)9

l l tt

x l0- 6/ oC,

under supervisionof

tutless (l) the I'i;-colltetelltas been

Please nr'rte:This calitrratirrrtlertraius ralid tbl' 10 1,ent'.danragederr (l) uratelials u{rich cheuicallv attack trolosilicate glass (e 9.. ln'cholluoric acicl
rrl highll' alkaline srrltttitrru-) hove beerr used. Nonetheler-s. it is recrruuuertcleclthat the
calibraticru be velitied n'ith li.iueuratic r.isct'rsit1'stanclalrls pa'iodicalll': if a change iu
caliblatiou is inclicatecl. caletirlll' esanrine all scrurces r-f enor. incltrdiug especiallv
teurllelattu'e lllfl::-ul'nlntsince nrr-rstapparort change* irt calitrlatiern ctf the r.'iscc-rrttetel
are
(hle tr) en't'rrs itt tot4ra'ntttre lltear-ufllrllt.
Thrs certificate shall not be reproduced except in full, without the written approval of Cannon Instrument Company

R.E. Manning,PhD, P.E.

K.O. Henderson
M.T. Zubler
CannonlnstrumentCo.
StateCollege,PA 16803,USA
www.cannoninstrument.com
'l'e
s t N o . : I | 1 0 0 --l l

The S.I. unit of kinematicviscosityis 1 metersquaredper second,and is equalto 104stokes.The S.I. unit of viscosityis I pa
second,and is equalto l0 poises.One centistokesis equalto onemillimetersquaredper second.
P 1 00 1 0 3

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