The Centre Tecnolgic de

Telecomunicacions de Catalunya
A gateway to advanced communication technologies

MIMO1: Single symbol over flat

fading CSIT/CSIR
Miguel ngel Lagunas
m.a.lagunas@cttc.es

The Scenario

s ( n)

H.
H

A .

B.

X T , n B.s (n)

X R , n H .B.s (n) W n

Flat Fading, CSIT and CSIR, Single

Symbol

The ML Receiver
X T ,n B.s (n)

ET trace B.B .E s (n)

H

2 ns 1
H
.trace B.B
d .
6
2

X R ,n H .B.s (n) W n

The likelihood

s(n) X R,n H.B.s(n)

F

Traza X R,n H.B.s(n) . X R,n H.B.s(n)

2
H
H
H
H
2.Re s(n)*.Traza B .H .X R,n s(n) .Traza B .H .H.B

ML Receiver
A H .B

Optimum receiver

when ( s(n)) ( s(m)) m n decide s(n)

After some manipulations and with

~
s ( n) s ( n) s ( m)

2
H
H
H
Traza B .H .H .B . s (n) 2.Re s (n).Traza W n H .B

The global Tx-H matrix

define

d 2 .Trace H H .R 01.H .B.B H d 2 .Trace R H . B.B H

The Probability of Error

2
H
H
H
Traza B .H .H .B . s (n) 2.Re s (n).Traza W n H .B

N
Variance
Varianza .
2
2No

Pe

Error only to the nearest neighborhood

Pr( s (n) s (m)) Pe Q

2.N 0

Tx Optimization

d 2trace R H .B.B
s.t.

MAX

E .traceB.B E
H

The channel matrix

1

R H H R 0 .H
H

Max. Quality with a

given power budget

The Tx matrix and constraint

nb
1
2
H
H
2
Q ( B.B ).Es ( B.B ).d .
6
nb
1
H
2 2
Trace Q d .
.Trace( B.B ) ET
6

Full CSIT Design

d 2trace R H .B.B
s.t.

MAX

E .traceB.B E
H

Since, for definite positive matrixes, we have:

TraceF .G max F .TraceG

Equal when:

B ET .e max .cs

cs unit norm

Full CSIT Architecture and Performance

ET

Pe Q
.MAX R H . ns

N
2

1
0

H V H .L.U
Receiver

Transmiter

Channel gain

min( nT ,nR )
H
A H .B r .v r .u r .ET .u max max .ET .v max
r 1

Intuitive Explanation

V
Just use the
best channel
for all the
available Tx
power

1
2
....

10

Spatial diversity

B
E
A

Spreading cs

M
F
O
M

Time diversity

I
N
G

Code diversity cs(t)

Space diversity Rank(HHH)

B
E
A
M

De-spreading cs

F
O
M

M.A.Lagunas

Trades (Quality, Access,..)

with capacity or pcu

I
N
G

11

CSIR Only (Define a Game)

Define PLAYERS

Define payoffs

Define strategy of
the game

Constrains/player

TX Engineer

Minimize PE

Channel

Destroy
Rx Energy

Channel plays first, Tx

engineer plays second. Only
one pass

ET

Trace R H

12

CSIR Only

max min R H .Q
Q Rh

One play game

1

R H H .R 0 .H
H

Traza R H .B.B

min B.B

Q B.B

.Traza R
H

Channel plays
Tx Eng. plays as maximize the minimum
eigenvalue when the trace is constrained
ET
B
nT

1/ 2

with . I n
H

13

The CSIR Performance

k2
nT

B .

NO CSI
e

y 4 Es .Traza R H .B.B

2.ET

Q
N
0

Traza R
H
.

nT

4.Es .k2
.Traza R H
nT

3
.
2nS 1

We pass from the maximum eigenvalue gain to the

arithmetic mean of the eigenvalues.

14

The CSIR only Strategy

Uses all the available

eigenmodes

UPA
Uniform Power
Allocation

15

PCU and Increase Rate

Since B

Is unitary, it has to be full rank, i.e. Size

nT by nT (at least)

One symbol for nT channel uses Rate 1/nT

It is possible to increase this rate??

SPACE-TIME BLOCK CODES

16

BER

ET/N0
BER versus SNR for a MIMO system without CSIT. De abajo
a arriba: MIMO(4,4) six streams and four PCUs (r=3/4);
MIMO(3,3); MIMO(2,2) four streams and 2 PCUs (r=1).

The Centre Tecnolgic de

Telecomunicacions de Catalunya
A gateway to advanced communication technologies
Centre Tecnolgic de Telecomunicacions de Catalunya
Parc Mediterrani de la Tecnologia (PMT)
Av. Canal Olmpic S/N 08860 Castelldefels Barcelona (Spain)
Voice: +34 93 645 29 00 :: Fax: +34 93 645 29 01
E-mail: info@cttc.es :: Web: http://www.cttc.es

18

Instantaneous Detection

2
H
H
H
H
*

s (n) 2.Re s (n) .Traza B .H . X R ,n s (n) .Traza B .H .H .B

The nearest neighborhood

Constant modulus
constellation (BPSK,
QPSK, M-PSK

H
H

Re Traza B .H . X R ,n
0

H
H
Im Traza B .H . X R ,n 0

19

The maximum likelihood detector:

H .Bs (n) R 0 X Rn H .Bs (n)

Rn
H

with

1 / 2

R0 R0

.. .R
H

1 / 2
0

s (n) .R 0 . X Rn .R 0 .H .B.s (n)

1 / 2

1 / 2

With the previous design:

s ( n ) v

H
max

1 / 2

.R 0 . X Rn max R H .s (n)

Enabling the symbol by symbol detection