MUSIIIIBRIDGE

PALEMBANG SUMSEL

JEMBATANMUSIIII
POSSIBILTYOFIMMERSEDTUNNNELAPPLICATION
Juli 2013
Juli2013
ATINDONESIA

Jakarta,October30,2014

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

Outline

Overview:tunnelconstructioninIndonesia
Tunnel construction methods
Tunnelconstructionmethods
Immersedtunnel
Advantageofimmersedtunnel
Constructioncostofimmersedtunnel

CaseStudy:MUSIIIIBridge
Introduction
Road Network Development Plan of Palembang City
RoadNetworkDevelopmentPlanofPalembangCity
TechnicalDataofMusiIIIBridge
AlternativesofMusiIIIBridge
PPPSchemeandImplementationSchedule
Closing
MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

TunnelConstructioninIndonesia
ExistingProjects

Convensional
1)
2)

Cut and cover method (Tomang Underpass,

Underpass Pramuka
Underpass, etc);
Jacking method (Dukuh Atas Underpass, Cibubur
Underpass, etc);

TomangUnderpass
Cut & Cover Method
Cut&CoverMethod

CibuburUnderpass
HorizontalDrillingMethod

DukuhAtasUnderpass
HorizontalDrillingMethod

Mechanics TBM (Tunnelling Bor Machine)

1)

PLTA Danau Singkarak;

Along 19 km and time construction within 6 years (1992
1998).

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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TunnelConstructioninIndonesia
F t
FutureProjects
P j t

Ngarai Sianok Tunnel

1)
2)
3)

Connecting Balingka Ngarai Sianok

Length 985 m
NATM Method

Cisumdawu Tunnel
1)
2)

3)

Connecting Cileunyi Dawuan

Excavation method:

NATM with soil reinforcement

C t & Cover
Cut
C
Length 472 m

MRT Jakarta

Terbanggi Lampung Tunnel

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Tunnel Construction Methods

TunnelConstructionMethods

Classicalmethods
Mechanicaldrilling/cutting
Cutandcover
Drill and blast
Drillandblast
Shieldsandtunnelboringmachines(TBMs)
NewAustrianTunnellingMethod(NATM)
Immersedtunnels
Specialmethods(Tunneljacking,etc.)

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

ImmersedTunnel

Immersed tunnel is a method of tunnel construction under shallow water.

Immersed tunnel method has been in widespread use for about 100 years and
today there are about 150 immersed tunnels in the world: about 100 of them for
road or railway and others include water supply and electricity cable tunnels.

Immersed tunnel made by sinking precast concrete segments (length

approximately of 90-150 m) into a dredged channel. Then the segments are
joined, connected and protected by backfilling the excavation.

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

ImmersedTunnelApplication
pp
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
7)
8)
9)

Suitable for shallow bay with soft soil

Possibilities ships collision is null
Easy to construct for deep bay
Small impact to environmental condition in phase of
construction
No conflict with ROW
No conflict with big ships traffic
Independence with climate condition (safe for traffic)
Operational and maintenance cost is relatively small
Endurance to achieve service life is more reliable, this
structure type have strength to resist dynamic loads
loads,
because of the flexibilities form of it

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AdvantageofImmersedTunnel
g
((1))
Economicuseofshape(cross section)
Crosssectionofimmersedtunnel
donothavebeacircle.Almostall
t
typesofcrosssectioncanbe
f
ti
b
accommodatedsoimmersed
tunnelwidelyappliedtohighway
oracombinationofroadandrail.

Economiclength
Economical length of immersed tunnel is shorter than the bored tunnel or bridge.

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

AdvantageofImmersedTunnel
g
((2))
Verticalclearance
Tunnel(immersedtunnelandboredtunnel)allowsmaximumclearancerequiredforshipping
activities.
Ground/seismiccondition
Immersed tunnel can be accommodated in soft soil conditions. Immersed tunnel
construction can also be designed to accommodate the vibrations caused by the
earthquake.
earthquake

Summary of Advantages and Disadvantages

ImmersedTunnel

Boredtunnel

Bridge

E
Economicalshape/crosssection
i l h
/
ti

EconomicalLength

Verticalclearance

Depth of water
Depthofwater

Hardsoilcondition

+/

Softsoilcondition

+/

+/

Seismic condition
Seismiccondition

+/
/

+/
/

Environtmentalimpact

Constructioncost

+/

Maintenancecost

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

ConstructionCostforImmersedTunnels
PROJECT

Jack Lynch in Cork, Ireland, crossing the River Lee

Ted Williams Tunnel in Boston, USA

Thomassen Tunnel, Netherlands

DATE
COMPLETED

COST

MULTIMODAL

LENGTH&SIZELX
(HXWXUNIT
LENGTH)

CONSTRUCTION
PERIOD

JackLynchTunnel
Ireland (Dualtwo
lane)
lane)

1999

IR70M

No

1.9kmx(8.5mx
24.5m
x 120m)
x120m)

4years

TedWilliams
Tunnel,Boston,
USA (Dualtwo
lane)

1996

Notavailable

No

2.6kmx(1.2km
underwater)x(6mx
24mx?)

Notavailable

Thomassen Tunnel,
Tunnel
Netherlands(Dual
ThreeLane)

2004

DFL
DFL
350,000,000

No

1km x (9m x 34m x

1kmx(9mx34mx
?)

5 years
5years

Warnow Tunnel,
Germany(Dualtwo
lane)

2003

224M

No

790mx(9mx23mx
?)

Notavailable

resund Crossing,
Denmark(Dualtwo
laneplusRail)

1998

DNKR
3.8Bn

Yes
Includes
cellfor
lightrail.

3.5kmx(9mx41mx
120m)

7years

MedwayTunnel,
UK(Dualtwolane)

1996

80M

No

585mx(9mx24mx
126)

4.5years

ThuTiem Tunnel,
Vietnam

2011

456MUSD

No

1,490meterlong
tunnel(370.8meter
underwater)

6years

Warnow Tunnel of the Warnow River in

Germany

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING Drogden Tunnel of resund Crossing, Denmark

DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

Medway Tunnel crossing River Medway in Kent, UK

MusiIIIBridge

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

INTRODUCTION
1. Palembang citys current road network system consist of 2 Rings
and 5 Radials with one central axis, whereas connected by the
Ampera Bridge. West Ring is connected by Musi II bridge and the
East Ring will be connected by the planned Musi III Bridge.
2 Ampera bridge built over the Musi river with a length of 1,177
2.
1 177
meters, a width of 22 meters and a height above the water
surface is 11, 50 meters, from a war reparation funds from the
Government of Japan on the orders of President Soekarno in April
1962 and officially opened in May 1965.
3. Musi Bridge II is located in the Southwestern part of Palembang
and part of west ring, and used to serve the outer city traffic. The
bridge was built in 1994 with a total length of 520 m and a width
of 9 m, and currently in the development process of bridge
duplication.
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INTRODUCTION
4. Planned Musi III Bridge and Eastern Ring Road is intended to
develope the eastern region of Palembang City.
City Musi III Bridge

is planned to be constructed 6.5 km towards the

downstream of existing Ampera Bridge, located in Kemaro
Island with length of 1,2 km and width of 30 m. However, it is
still constrained by clearance of 70 m as requested by
P li d
Pelindo.
5. The existence of the ring road will be able to manage the
th
through
h traffic
t ffi and
d distribute
di t ib t traffic
t ffi from
f
th city
the
it center
t
(Ampera Bridge).

6 SSouth
6.
th Sumatra
S
t Governor
G
b letter
by
l tt No.
N 630/1586 / BAPPEDA
/ 2013 dated July 10, 2013, proposed the accelerated
development of Musi III Bridge as an alternative to Ampera
Bridge.
MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

ROAD NETWORK DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF PALEMBANG CITY

1. Road network development plan of Palembang City consist of 3 Rings and 7
Radials including one center axis connected by Ampera Bridge. The Ring
Roads consist of: Inner Ring Road (plan), Ring Road (eksisting), Outer Ring
Road (plan).
2. Existing
i i inner
i
ring
i road,
d in
i the
h mean time,
i
are not connected
d yet. In the
h
eastern side will be connected by Musi IV Bridge, while in the western side
will be connected by Musi VI Bridge.
3. Only the western part of ring road is existing now, the eastern part of ring
road will be accomodated by Planned Musi III Bridge and the approaching
road.
d
4. Outer Ring Road will be constist of Toll Road in western part (Kayu Agung
PalembangBetung)
Palembang
Betung) which where private sector initiatives.
initiatives While the
Eastern part of the outer ring road will be develop after the capacity of
planned easter ring road (Jembatan Musi III) have approached the
saturation point.
point
MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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ROAD NETWORK DEVELOPMENT PLAN OF PALEMBANG CITY

Network Concept:
p
3 Rings, 7 Radials

A.
B.
C.
D.
E.

Ampera Bridge
Musi II Bridge
g
Musi III Bridge
Musi IV Bridge
Musi V Bridge

Jl. Sutan Mahmud Badaruddin

Existing

E
B
Note:
Planned Ring Road/Toll Road
National Road
Province Road
Previously National Road
Proposed National Road

6
3

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PROJECT INFORMATION
Palembang
EastOuterRing
Road

Starting point of Musi III Highway and

Bridge project is at the north side of
Palembang City providing direct access to
the SMB II Airport. End point is at the

Musi III
Highwayand
Highway
and
Bridge

south of Musi River near Plaju Area.

Musi III Highway and Bridge will be

connected to the future Palembang East
Kapal Betung
Highway

Outer Ringroad, Kapal Betung Highway

and Palembang-Indralaya Highway. It will
also become part of Trans Sumatera
Highway.

To Bengkulu
Palembang
P
l b
I d l
Indralaya
Highway

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PROJECT INFORMATION

Total project length is 25,700 km stretching

on the eastern side of Palembang City,
crossing Kemara Island and Musi River.
Estimated area affected by this project is
, Ha.
17.252,2

Bridges
Location

Total length of Musi river crossing is 4,4 km

including 1 km cable-stayed bridge and 3,4
km approach bridge. Approach bridge
yp , such as
consists of several structure type,
pile slab, prestressed concrete bridge, and
balanced cantilever bridge.

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GEOLOGICAL CONDITION

Swampy sediment (mud, silt and

sand) is located from soil surface layer
up to 10 meter depth.
Soil layer from 10 meter to 60 meter
depth is kasai formation (tuff, sandy
tuff, and sandy rock tuff with
limestone) and Muara Enim formation
(clay rock and silt rock tuff with
intermediate coal layer).

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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MUSI RIVER CONDITION

Bridges
Centerline

49o

Navigation
Channel
301 m

Horizontal
Clearance

Bathymetric Map of Musi River (2008), river depth varies between 1.30 m to 12.0 m.
Clear horizontal clearance is 400 m x sin 49o = 301 m, satisfies the requirement of
Ministry of Transportation (240 m).
m)
MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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TECHNICAL DATA OF MUSI III BRIDGE

Totallength

:25,70Km

Bridgelength

:4258m

Lengthofapproachingroad:21,4Km
Road
ROW
: 70,00 80,00 m
Number of traffic lane

: 2 @ 2 x 3,50 m

Type of pavement
Main Bridge1,00 km
Span

: Rigid Pavement
:(250 500 250)m

Girdertype

:Compositesteel

Mainbridgetype

:Cable stayed

Foundationsystem
:Borepile2,00m
Approaching Bridge
ApproachingBridge
Length (North)
: 1,983 m, consist of:
Concrete box
girder

: 1.074 m

U-Girder
U
Girder

: 98 m

: 811 m

Pile slab
Length (South)
Concrete box
girder
d
U-Girder
Pile slab

: 1.491 m, consist of
: 867 m
: 503 m
: 121 m

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

ProjectReadiness
1.
FeasibilityStudyhasbeendonein 2010
2.
DED hasbeendonein2011
3
3.
Wind Tunnel Test has been done in 2012
WindTunnelTesthasbeendonein2012

ALTERNATIVE OF MUSI III BRIDGE

Bridge Clearance of 50 m and 70 m

NO

ITEM

BRIDGE
(withCLEARANCEof50M)

BRIDGE
(withCLEARANCEof70M)

TotalBridgeLength

4258m

6638m

Lengthofapproachingroad

21,4km

19,02km

EstimatedCostructionCost

Rp.8,73Trillion

Rp.10,202Trillion

Restrictionregardingto
Aviation

Restrictionregardingto
Navigation

Constraininnavigationchannel

DED

Ready

RequireReview

EnvironmentImpact
p
Assessment

O
Ongoing
i

R
RequireReview
i R i

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
DIRECTORATEGENERALOFHIGHWAYS

IMMERSEDTUNNEL(IMT)

studyshouldbedone ifclearancecan
notbereduced.

PPP SCHEME ANDIMPLEMENTATIONSCHEDULE

N
o

Criteria

Description

1 Length
2

25,7km

CostofProcurement
(
(Year2011)
)

PPJT

Rp.8,73Trillion

4 InvestmentCost

Rp.14,73Trillion

6 InitialTollFare(2019)

FIRR

Government/BPJT

Rp. 733 Billion*

Rp.733Billion

3 ConstructionCost

5 TrafficVolume*))

Government/
BinaMarga

APBN/ForeignLoans

Resiko lalu lintas oleh BUJT

Pemerintah memberikan
dukungan berdasarkan
progres penyelesaian

Equity

ShareHolder

15.694Veh/dayy

Services
Di id d
Dividend

Gol.I:Rp.778/km
orRp.20.000,

Penggunajalan

BUJT

Loan

Toll

Lenders
Payment

(VGF=0)

7,11%

(VGF =77%)
(VGF
77%)

12,00%

(VGF=86%)

16,00%

Construction
Cost

Construction

*)Source:FSMusiIII2010

Construction,
Operation, and
Maintenance

Construction

O&M Cost

O&M

(withsupport)

Year

ComparisonofVGF &FIRR
100
80
60
60
40
20
0

NO

Action

2014

2015

2016

2017

2018

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4
1 LandAcquisition
Land Acquisition
2 Prequalification
3 Procurement
6.59

12.00

16.00

4 Establishmentof SPV
5 FinancialClose
Fi
i l Cl
6 Construction

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22

CLOSING
C
OS G
1.

Road Network System of 3 Rings & 7 Radials supported by 6 bridges that cross
Sungai Musi. Two of the bridges have already operated. Priorities need to be set for
the remaining 4 bridges as follows:
a. Musi III Bridge, which form the Ring Road of Palembang, which serves the
Eastern Region of Palembang
b. Musi V Bridge, as part of Kapal Betung Toll Road
c. Musi IV Bridge dan Musi VI Bridge, which form the Inner Ring Road Of
Palembang

2.

Acceleration of land acquasition is required for high priority bridge

3.

Clearance height of 70 m cause significant additional costs up to Rp. 1.5 T to Rp.

10.2 T. Alternatives study should be done such as Immersed Tunnel (IMT) if
clearance can not be reduced.

4
4.

The project is not financially feasible and requires high government support,
support so it is
necessary to find a more appropriate financing/PPP scheme.

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ATTACHMENT

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KayuAgungPalembangBetung
Kayu
AgungPalembangBetung
(
(KAPALBETUNG)TollRoad
)

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ALIGNMENT OF KAPAL BETUNG TOLL ROAD

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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TECHNICAL DATA OF KAPAL BETUNG TOLL ROAD

RoadLength:

111,65 km
Section I (Kayuagung Jakabaring): 33,50 km
S ti II (Jakabaring
Section
(J k b i Musilandas):
M il d ) 33,90
33 90 km
k
Section III (Musilandas Betung): 44,25 km

Speed Design:

100 km/hour

Number of lane:

2x2

Lane width:

3,60 m

Inner shoulder:

3,00 m

Outer shoulder:

1,50 m

Median width:

5.50 m (include shoulder)

Number of Barrier Gate:

1 location (STA 01+800)

RestAreasandServices:

4 pairs (type-A)

River bridge:

8 locations

Overpass:

17 locations

Land acquasition schedule: Section I: 2012 (selesai 100% ) *)

*)

refer to Letter of Gubernur Sumatera

Selatan No. 620/3580/V/2012
tanggal 27 Desember 2012)

Section II: 2013 (on going)

Number of Interchange: 10 locations

SS Siran Pulau Padang (STA 13+30)

Section III: 2013 (on going)

SS Muara Batun/Jejawi
/ j
((STA 23+950))

SS Jakabaring (STA 33+300)

SS Keramasan (STA 40+250)

Section II: January 2014-December 2016

SS Gandus (STA 52+400)

Section III: January 2014-December 2016

SS Sungai Renggas (STA 59+400)

SS Musi Landas (STA 66+650)

SS Pulo Rimau (STA 75+500)

g
Balai ((STA 92+950))
SS Pangkalan

SS Betung (STA108+253)

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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Construction schedule:

Operation schedule:

Section I: March 2013-December 2014

Section I: January 2015

Section II: January 2017
S ti III:
Section
III January
J
2017

RingRadialConcept

MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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Management of Traffic Congestion in Urban Areas

Relieve traffic congestion
in urban areas

* beltway construction and maintenance

of nation arterial highway network
* [Beltway maintenance ratio ]
Seoul 33%, London 74%, Paris 99%,
Tokyo 59%, Beijing 100%
* Reducing greenhouse gas emission
by increasing travel speed

Construction of beltways in
Seoul/Busan/Daegu/Gwangju
Maintenance of nation arterial highway
network in metropolitans
Maintenance
M i t
off national
ti
l highways
hi h
alternative detour roads
MINISTRYOFPUBLICWORKSANDHOUSING
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Effective
Eff ti link
li k off beltways
b lt
for traffic congestion relief

Control of through traffic

London

Berlin

Plan

Amsterdam

Tokyo

Paris

Direct movement

Washington D
D.C
C

Dispersion of traffic

Eff t off A
Effect
Amsterdam
t d
Ri
Ring R
Road
d construction
t
ti
-

20% reduction of travel time

reduction of through traffic
38% reduction
d ti off mileage
il
4% reduction of traffic accident
reduction of emission and noise

Tokyo : reduction of 200~300 million ton CO2

Plan

Beijing

Seoul

annually
- Nagoya
g y : reduction of 60,000
,
ton CO2 annuallyy
- Saitama : reduction of 10% CO2 emissions
- Hiroshima : increase of average speed
(reduction of 3.5 billion yen delay cost)
Use
Plan

Total

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Effect of Japan beltway construction