CH 7 Respiration Student

PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN
CHAPTER 7 : RESPIRATION
Multiple Choice Question
Instruction : For Question 1 to Question 10, each question is followed by four options. A, B,
C and D. Choose one correct answer for each question and blacken the corresponding space
in your answer sheet.
7.1: The Respiratory Process in Energy Production
1. Which of the following are true about anaerobic respiration in animal ?
2.
C6H12 O6
2C3H603
energy
C6H 12O6
2C2H5OH
2CO2
6CO2
C6H 12O6
+ 6H20
+
energy
6O2
energy
C6H 12 O6
6CO2
+ 6H20
6CO2
+
energy
The equation above is glucose fermentation by yeasts

zimase
Glucose
R +
energy
What is R and S?
3.
Ethanol
and Oxygen
Lactic acid and Oxygen
Ethanol
Lactic acid and Carbon dioxide
and Carbon dioxide
What are the end products of aerobic respiration in green plants?

I
Oxygen
II
Ethanol
III
Carbon dioxide
IV
Water
I and II
I and III
II and III
III and IV
7-1
BIOLOGY QUESTION BANK
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Which statement about ATP is not true?

A
It has low energy
It is a fast source of energy
It is formed in the mitochondria
It is energy that is produced from the break-down of glucose
Which of the following statement about respiration is true?

A
Respiration occurs only in the day time
Only plants carry out respiration
Internal respiration involves the oxidation of food
Respiration occurs only at night
Which of the following are true about aerobic and anaerobic respiration in yeasts?
I
Breakdown of glucose
II
Formation of ATP molecules
III
Catalysed by enzymes
IV
Production of carbondioxide
I and II only
I, II and IV only
I , III and IV only
I, II, III and IV
Which is not true about ATP?

A
Has a low energy
A fast source of energy
Formed in the mitochondria
Energy that is produced from the breakdown of glucose
Which of the following is true about respiration?

A
Only plants carry out respiration
Respiration occurs only in the day time
In plants, respiration occurs only at night
Cell respiration involves the oxidation of food
7-2
7.2 : The Respiratory Structures and Breathing Mechanism in Humans and Animals.
9.
Diagram 7.1 shows an organism with a different respiratory system than human.
DIAGRAM 7.1
Which of the following statements about the organism is true ?
10.
11.
The breathing system is made up of trachea
Blood flows in the blood vessels
Blood is pumped into the tracheal system
Oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood mix in the haemocoele
Which of the following statements on the intercostal muscles is not true ?

A
They lie in between the ribs
They help to enlarge the thoracic cavity
They assist in breathing
They cause the rib to expand
Which of the following paths does a molecule of carbon dioxide take as it leaves the
body?
12.
Alveolus
bronchiole
bronchus
trachea
Alveolus
bronchus
bronchiole
trachea
Trachea
bronchus
bronchiole
alveolus
Bronchiole
bronchus
alveolus
trachea
Diagram 7.2 shows a simple wooden parallelogram model to illustrate the breathing
mechanism in human.
7-3
DIAGRAM 7.2
What processes occur to change from position P to Q ?
13.
External intercostal muscles contracts
II
In ternal intercostal muscles relax
III
Ribcage is pushed downwards and inwards
IV
Exhalation occurs
I and II only
III and IV only
I , II and III only
I , II , III and IV
Diagram 7.3 shows the longitudinal section of a thorax viewed from the side.
DIAGRAM 7.3
During the breathing process, which of the following occurs when the diaphragm is arch
shaped?
External intercostal
muscles
Ribcage
Movement of air
Relax
Moves downwards and Air forced out of the

inwards
lungs
Relax
Moves upwards
outwards
Contract
Moves downwards and Air sucked into the lungs

inwards
Contract
Moves upwards
outwards
7-4
and Air forced out of the

lungs
and Air sucked into the lungs
7.3 : Gaseous Exchange across the Surfaces and Transport of Gaseous in Humans
14.
Diagram 7.4 shows the structure for gaseous exchange.
Diagram 7.4
Which of the following are its characteristics ?
15.
Always moist
II
Thin and permeable
III
Has a large surface area
IV
Complete with main blood vessel
I and III only
II and IV only
I, II and III only
III and IV only
Which of the following statement is true ?

A
Partial pressure of O2 is higher air than in the pulmonary artery
Partial pressure of O2 is higher in muscle cells than in surrounding capillaries
Partial pressure of CO2 is higher in the pulmonary vein than in the pulmonary
artery
D
16.
Partial CO2 is higher in alveolar air than in the pulmonary artery
Diagram 7.5 shows exchange of respiratory gases in the lungs and at body cells.
7-5
DIAGRAM 7.5
Which of the following is true?
In the alveolus
Partial pressure
of O2
17.
In the body cells
Partial pressure of
CO2
Partial pressure of
O2
Partial pressure
of CO2
High
Low
High
Low
Low
High
Low
High
High
Low
Low
High
Low
High
High
Low
A student exhaled air several times onto a piece of dry cobalt chloride paper. He
noticed that the paper changed from blue to pink. Another piece of dry cobalt chloride
paper that have been placed in an open Petri dish remained blue for the duration of the
experiment (1 minute).
What is the conclusion of the experiment?
18.
Exhaled air contains more oxygen than inhaled air
Exhaled air contains more carbon dioxide than inhaled air
Exhaled air contains more water vapour than inhaled air
Exhaled air contains more heat energy than inhaled air
Diagram 7.6 shows the arrangement of equipment required to measure the gaseous
content of air.
DIAGRAM 7.6
Length of exhaled air column
10.0 cm
Length of ehhaled air column after

treatment with potassium hydroxide
9.6 cm
Length of ehhaled air column after

treatment with potassium pyrogallate =
7-6
8.5` cm
What is the percentage of oxygen content in the exhaled air?
19.
4.2 %
8.5 %
11.0 %
21.0 %
Which of the following factors does not affect the rate of respiration in man?
A.
Exercise
B.
Food
C. High attitudes
D. Fear
7.4 : The Regulatory Mechanism in Respiration
20.
Which of the following graphs show the changes in concentration of lactic acid in
muscles during and 10 minutes after vigorous activities?
21.
What are the changes in skeletal muscles when an athlete is running a 400 metre race?
Glycogen
ATP
Lactic acid
Decreased
Increased
Decreased
Decreased
Increased
Increased
Increased
Decreased
7-7
Decreased
D
22.
Increased
Decreased
Increased
When a person lives at high altitudes for a long time, he becomes acclimatized to the
low partial pressure of oxygen by increasing the
23.
24.
total number of red blood cells
II
total haemoglobin content
III
ventilation rate
IV
rate of heart beat
III and IV
I,II and III
I,II and IV
I,II,III and I
Which of the following statements are true when a person run 400 metres race?
I
The rate of heart beat increase
II
Anaerobic respiration occurs in the skeletal muscles
III
Lactic acid accumulates in the lungs
IV
There is an oxygen debt
I,II and III only
I,II and IV only
II,III and IV only
I,II,III and IV only
The graph below shows the changes in lung air pressure during inhalation and exhalation.
. Air pressure in
the lungs (mm Hg)
765
P
760
R
7-8
755
Time/sec
Which part represents the time when the rib bone starts moving upwards?
A P
B Q
C R
D S
25.
Which factor is most effective increasing the rate of breathing in human?

A
Increased partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood which results in more
carbonic acid and decreased in blood pH
Increased partial pressure of oxygen in the blood
Decreased partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the blood
Decreased partial pressure of oxygen in the blood
7.5
The Importance of Maintaining a Healthy Respiratory System
26.
What are the harmful effects of smoking?
27.
Higher risk of having a child who suffers from down syndrome
II
Causes emphysema
III
Increases the risk of heart attacks and stroke
IV
Higher risk of getting lung cancer
I and II only
I,III and IV only
II,III and IV
I,II, III and IV
Which of the following substances is a respiratory poison?

A
Magnesium
Chloride
Cyanide
Calcium
7-9
7.6
Respiration in Plants
28.
Diagram 7.7 shows three tubes contained an equal volume of hydrogen carbonate
indicator solution which had been created
.
DIAGRAM 7.7
What will be the color of the indicator solution after two hours ?
M
A
B
C
D
29.
Yellow
Yellow
Red
Red
Yellow
Purplish red
Red
Red
Yellow
Purplish red
Red
Yellow
Which of the following information is true for both photosynthesis and respiration?
Photosynthesis
A
B
C
D
Aerobic respiration
Cell that carries out the Cell with chloroplast

process
All type of living cells
Condition at which Presence of light

process takes place
Absence of light
substrate
Water
dioxide
Products
Glucose, oxygen and Carbon dioxide, ethanol
7-10
and
carbon Glucose
water
30.
and energy
Which of the following is not true of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration that occur in
a green plant?
Photosynthesis
31.
Aerobic respiration
Occurs only in photosynthesis cell
Occurs in all living cells
Water and carbon dioxide are Glucose and oxygen are requared
requared
Glucose and oxygen are produced
Carbon dioxide, water and energy are

released
Occurs during the day
Occurs during the night
How do plants carry out gaseous exchange between their living cell sand the
surrounding?
32.
Through the stomata pores
II
Through the lenticels
III
Through the cork layer of the stem
IV
Through the cells wall of young root tips
A.
I,II and III only
B.
I, II and IV only
C.
II,III and IV only
D.
I, II, III and IV only
Which of the following strategy is meant to increase the efficiency of gas exchange in
plants?
A
Having a large number of leaves
More stomata in the upper epidermis
Having the intercellular spaces filled with fluid
Dropping the old leaves
7-11
Structured Items
7.1:
The Respiratory Process in Energy Production
1.
Cell respiration occurs in both plants and animals. This process can generally be
represented by the following equation :
(a)
The above equation shows that oxygen is used for cell respiration. So, when an
animal is actively running, its rate of inhalation and exhalation increases.
Explain why does the rate of heart beat also increases?
[1 mark]
(b)
(i)
What is the form of energy temporarily stored during tissue

respiration before it is used by muscles?
[1 mark]
(ii)
Besides energy, what are the end products of anaerobic

plants and animals?
respiration in
[2 marks]
(c)
Why does an animal continue to have a high rate of respiration even at the end
of a vigorous exercise?
[3 marks]
7-12
...
(d)
State 3 characteristics of the alveoli which ensure efficient gaseous

exchange.
[3 marks]
(e)
The trachea and bronchii in mammals have rings of cartilage in their walls.
Why are these cartilage rings necessary?
[2 marks]
7-13
7.2 :
The Respiratory Structures and Breathing Mechanism in Humans and

Animals.
2.
Diagram 7.8 shows the arrangement of some organs in the thoracic region of
human.
Diagram 7.8
(a) (i)
Name the part labelled P and state its function.
(1 marks)
..
..
(ii)
Name the tissue Q found in the trachea and state its function.
(2 marks)
..
..
(iii)
Name the part labelled R and state its function.
(2 marks)
..
..
(b) (i)
Name the process by which the exchange of gases occurs in

the alveoli.
(1 mark)
...
7-14
(c) State two ways in which smoking can decrease the efficiency of the
respiratory system.
human
(2 marks)
3.
Diagram 7.9 shows the respiratory organ A and B.
Organ A
Organ B
Figure 3
ORGAN A
ORGAN B
DIAGRAM 7.9
(a)
Name organ A and organ B.
(2 marks)
Organ A:
Organ B :
(b)
Draw and label the respiratory surfaces of X and Y.
7-15
(4 marks)
(c)
Explain four characteristics of the respiratory structure X and

structure Y that enable gaseous exchange to be carried out efficiently
in the respiratory organs.
(4 marks)
(d)
Explain how microorganism carry out respiration without specialized

respiratory structure.
( 2 marks)
..
7-16
7.3 :
Gaseous Exchange across the Surfaces and Transport of Gaseous in

Humans
4.
Diagram 7.10 shows gaseous exchange in the lungs and tissues in humans.
Red blood cell
Blood
capillary
Body cells
Diagram 7.10
(a) (i)
Name Y which is found in the lungs.
[1 mark]
(ii)
Name two characteristics of Y which makes it efficient for

gaseous exchange.
[2 marks]
(b)
(i)
Name the substance in red blood cells that help in the transport
of oxygen.
[1 mark]
(ii)
Name the mineral found in the substance in (b)(i).
[1 mark]
.
(c)
In what form is carbon dioxide transported in the blood plasma to the

lungs?
[1 mark]
..................................................................................................................
7-17
(d)
M and N are physical processes that occur during gaseous exchange.

Name M and N.
[2 marks]
..
..
(e)
What happens to carbon monoxide when it is absorbed into the

blood?
[1 mark]
..
(f)
When there is lack of oxygen, what is produced from cellular

respiration in human body cells?
[1 mark]
(g)
Smoking can damage lungs. Name two substances which can be

found in cigarette smoke.
[2 marks]
7-18
7.4 : The Regulatory Mechanism in Respiration

5.
Diagram 7.11 shows the changes of the lactic acid concentration in a mans blood
Lactic acid concentration in blood

( mg/ 100 cm3 blood )
during and after vigorous exercise.
DIAGRAM 7.11
(a)
Explain the changes that occur during stage X.
Time [3 marks]
8 minutes of
(minute)
vigorous activity
(b)
(i)
Based on Diagram 7.7, when will the lactic acid concentration level return
to normal level during stage Y?
[1 mark]
(ii)
Explain what happen to the excess lactic acid?
[2 marks]
. .
7-19
(c)
Write the chemical equation of respiration which produces lactic acid.

[1 mark]
..
(d)
Diagram 7.12 shows a regulating mechanism of oxygen and carbon

dioxide content in the body.
DIAGRAM 7.12
Based on Diagram 5.2, explain how the heart beat and breathing rates increase
after vigorous exercise.
[4 marks]
..
..
.
.
..
.
.
..
..
7.5
The Importance of Maintaining a Healthy Respiratory System
7-20
6.
Diagram 7.13 shows the apparatus used to investigate the effects of smoking
on
white cotton wool and bicarbonate indicator solution.
Diagram 7.13
(a)
What does the glass U-tube represent?
[1 mark]
.
(b)
What would be the thermometer reading after cigarette has been

completely burnt?
[1 mark]
.
(c)
State the effect of the cigarette smoke on

(i)
[2 marks]
the white cotton wool in the U-tube,

..
(ii)
the bicarbonate indicator solution

..
(d)
(i)
Name two carcinogenic substances contain in the cigarette.

[2 marks]
...
(ii)
Explain how these substances can cause cancer.
7-21
[3 marks]
....
.
....
....
(e)
State three harmful effects of smoking.
[3 marks]
....
.
...
.............
Essay Items
7-22
(a)
Explain how energy is released during respiration.
[4
marks]
(b)
Yeast is capable of both aerobic and anaerobic respiration.

State the comparison between aerobic and anaerobic respiration in yeast.
[6 marks]
(c)
Diagram 7.15 shows an athlete is running in track. Diagram 7.16 shows oxygen
debt graph
DIAGRAM 7.15
DIAGRAM 7.16
Based on the above diagram and graph, explain the production of energy by the
body of the athlete.
(a)
[10 marks]
The mechanism of inspiration in the human body is an active process and

expiration is a passive process.
Describe how inspiration and expiration occur in human body.
[10 marks]
(b)
Explain how an oxygen debt is built up when an athlete is running a 400 metres
race and how it is repair after the race.
7-23
[10 marks]
3.
(a)
(b)
Describe gaseous exchange in

(i)
Insects
(ii)
Flowering plants
[ 10 marks ]
Compare the respiratory surface of an insect with that of a flowering plant.

[ 6 marks ]
(c)
Describe the path of an oxygen molecule from the atmosphere to the heart.
[ 4 marks ]
(a)
Diagram 7.17 shows the longitudinal section through the thorax of a man.
DIAGRAM 7.17
Describe briefly the mechanism of breathing in man. In your answer, describe
the parts played by the
(i)
diaphragm
(ii)
intercostals muscles and ribs, and
(iii)
alveoli
[ 10 marks ]
(b)
Explain, with the help of a labelled diagram, how gaseous exchanges between human
alveolus and blood capillaries in the lungs occur.
How is the respiratory surface adapted for this process?
7-24
[ 10 marks ]
7-25

CH 7 Respiration Student

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PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN

1. Which of the following are true about anaerobic respiration in animal ?

The equation above is glucose fermentation by yeasts

Lactic acid and Oxygen

Lactic acid and Carbon dioxide

and Carbon dioxide

What are the end products of aerobic respiration in green plants?

BIOLOGY QUESTION BANK

PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN

Which statement about ATP is not true?

It has low energy

It is a fast source of energy

It is formed in the mitochondria

It is energy that is produced from the break-down of glucose

Which of the following statement about respiration is true?

Respiration occurs only in the day time

Only plants carry out respiration

Internal respiration involves the oxidation of food

Respiration occurs only at night

Formation of ATP molecules

I , III and IV only

I, II, III and IV

Which is not true about ATP?

Has a low energy

A fast source of energy

Formed in the mitochondria

Energy that is produced from the breakdown of glucose

Which of the following is true about respiration?

Only plants carry out respiration

Respiration occurs only in the day time

In plants, respiration occurs only at night

Cell respiration involves the oxidation of food

BIOLOGY QUESTION BANK

PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN

The breathing system is made up of trachea

Blood flows in the blood vessels

Blood is pumped into the tracheal system

Oxygenated blood and deoxygenated blood mix in the haemocoele

Which of the following statements on the intercostal muscles is not true ?

They lie in between the ribs

They help to enlarge the thoracic cavity

They assist in breathing

They cause the rib to expand

BIOLOGY QUESTION BANK

PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN

External intercostal muscles contracts

In ternal intercostal muscles relax

Ribcage is pushed downwards and inwards

III and IV only

I , II and III only

Moves downwards and Air forced out of the

Moves downwards and Air sucked into the lungs

and Air forced out of the

and Air sucked into the lungs

BIOLOGY QUESTION BANK

PANITIA BIOLOGI NEGERI KELANTAN

Diagram 7.4 shows the structure for gaseous exchange.

Thin and permeable

Has a large surface area

Complete with main blood vessel

I and III only

I, II and III only

III and IV only