Ramos, Josephine Mari G.

Nat Sci 2

1/12/16
Dr. Mylene O. Andaya

Different Types of Bone Diseases

Last Updated: Jul 29, 2010 | By Wendy Melton

Bones are hardened tissue made up of calcium and minerals. They are responsible for
movement, support, strength and the underlying structure of the body. Bone diseases
are disorders and conditions that cause abnormal development and/or impairment in
normal bone development. This can result in weakened bones, inflamed joints and pain.
Your bones naturally lose density after the age of 20 due to the aging process; however,
some diseases of the bone can cause excessive loss of bone strength and density.
Nutrient deficiencies such a lack of vitamin D or C, hormonal imbalances and cell
abnormalities can also cause bone disorders in both children and adults. Diseases can
rob the bones of the essential nutrients they need and cause them to weaken and
sometimes break. Other disorders can add too much calcium, causing excessive tissue
growth and abnormalities.
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis occurs when bone loses density. Bones are constantly changing. New
bone is produced while old bone is broken down. As we grow, more bone is made than
is lost so our bones remain strong. When we reach a certain age, the process reverses
itself. Less bone is created while more bone breaks down. This causes the bones to
weaken and fracture more easily. Hips, wrists and spinal bones are some of the more
common bones prone to fractures.
Brittle Bone Disease
Brittle bone disease, or osteogenesis imperfecta, is a congenital defect that causes
abnormalities in the genes that produce collagen. According to Healthline.com, several
defects can stem from these abnormalities. The degree of severity of osteogenesis
imperfecta is determined by which gene is affected. A person has about a 50 percent
chance of passing it on to her children. Brittle bone disease is characterized by bones
that fracture easily. Some people might have a bluish tint to their eyes and in some
cases, deafness is also a symptom.
Paget's Disease
Paget's disease is a bone disorder characterized by inflammation in the bone. It causes
the bones to become enlarged and soft, weakening them and sometimes causing them
to break. Almost any bone in the body can be affected including the femur, pelvis and
skull.
Unlike osteoporosis, which usually affects women, Paget's is more often found in men

older than 40 years of age. According to the Better Health Channel, it is believed that at
least 3 percent of that age group is affected with Paget's disease.

Cancer of the Bone

Bone cancer starts in the bone. It is uncommon, but can begin in almost any bone in the
body. Most cases of bone cancer originate in the long bones of the body. Osteosarcoma
begins in the osteoid part of the bone, while chondrosarcoma begins in the cartilage.
Primary bone cancer is cancer that originates in the bone itself. Metastatic cancer starts
in other areas of the body such as the lungs or breasts and metastasizes to the bone
tissue
Hyperparathyroidism
Hyperparathyroidism occurs when the parathyroid glands produce too much hormone.
Excessive amounts of parathyroid hormone will cause the bones to release too much
calcium, according to the University of Maryland Medicine. This causes the bones to
become weak and can cause fractures. It can also lead to osteoporosis and other
disorders that affect the bones.

1. ______ are hardened tissues made up of calcium and minerals.

A. joints
B. bones
C. muscles
D. teeth
2. At what age do bones start to lose its density?
A. 18
B. 20
C. 30
D. 40
3. Also called osteogenesis imperfecta
A. Osteoporosis
B. Paget's Disease
C. Brittle Bone Disease
D. Cancer of the Bone
4. Which bone is the least prone to fractures?
A. Hips
B. wrists
C. Spinal
D. Ribs
5. Is a bone disorder characterized by inflammation in the bone
A. Paget's Disease
B. Osteoporosis
C. Hyperparathyroidism
D. Cancer of the Bone

6. Paget's disease is more often found in men older than ____ years of age
A. 20
B. 40
C. 50
D. 60

7. ___________ starts in other areas of the body such as the lungs or breasts and
metastasizes to the bone tissue.
A. Metastatic cancer
B. Leukemia
C. Prostate cancer
D. Osteoporosis

A. Why is it important to be aware of bone diseases? Site some benefits of studying

bone diseases and disorders.
It is important to have information about bone disorders and diseases in order to be
prepared and to have the right the knowledge when it occurs, especially when we get
old. Aging is inevitable and aging is accompanied by the possibility of having bone
disorders. The most common to our ears is osteoporosis, it usually occurs because of
bones lessening of density. Having the right knowledge on what to eat, what to avoid,
what to do etc. can decrease our chances in acquiring one. This knowledge is not just
for us but also for our loved ones. We can help them identify signs and symptoms. I
think that its one of the reasons aside from natural occurrence. In other words,
Prevention is better than cure.
B. Are bone diseases considered inevitable? If no, site some of the reasons why. If yes,
site some of the ways in preventing its occurrences.
You can do some ways that can prevent approaching bone diseases but sometimes it is
just naturally occurring, sometimes it depends on the history of your family, but having
history of a particular bone disease does not mean that you will automatically acquire it.
That enters the taking of vitamins and drinking milk in order to prevent any appearances
of such disease. So my answer would be both. It depends on the case but that is why
we need to gain more knowledge and information about this issue for us to be not
ignorant of the approaching diseases and improve our lifestyle in order to improve our
health status.

Summary:
There are different bone diseases some are preventable while others can occur even
with a healthy lifestyle like bone disease such as Brittle bone disease can be passed on
because of genes. Some diseases are caused because of nutrient deficiency, hormonal
imbalance, cell abnormalities and most commonly because of aging.
Some of the most common bone diseases are:
Osteoporosis
Brittle Bone Disease
Paget's Disease
Cancer of the Bone
Hyperparathyroidism