GENERAL STUDIES Prelims Mock TEST No.

1768
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Q.1 :c
Tropical Evergreen forests are found in the
western slope of the Western Ghats, hills of
the northeastern region and the Andaman
and Nicobar Islands. They are found in warm
and humid areas with an annual precipitation
of over 200 cm and mean annual
temperature above 22C. Tropical evergreen
forests are well stratified, with layers closer
to the ground and are covered with shrubs
and creepers, with short structured trees
followed by tall variety of trees. In these
forests, trees reach great heights up to 60 m
or above. There is no definite time for trees
to shed their leaves, flowering and fruition.
As such these forests appear green all the
year round. Species found in these forests
include rosewood, mahogany, aini, ebony,
etc.

Q.2 :d

faulting. The Narmada and Tapi flow in

trough faults.
3. Slight tilting of the Peninsular block from the
northwest to southeast direction.

This gave orientation to the entire drainage system

towards the Bay of Bengal. Therefore, all the three
geological events are associated.

Q.4 :b
Statement 1 is incorrect. Hemis National Park
is a high altitude national park in the eastern
Ladakh region of the state of Jammu and
Kashmir in India. Statement 2 is correct. It is
the only national park in India north of the
Himalayas. Statement 3 is correct. It has
high density of snow leopards.

Q.5 :c

According to Koppen's scheme, India can be divided

into eight climatic regions.
Type of Climate
Monsoon with short :
dry season
Monsoon with dry
:
summer
Tropical Savannah :
Semi-arid steppe
climate
Hot Desert

Monsoon with dry

summer
Cold humid winter
with short summer
Polar Type

:
:

The correct answer is Chenab. It is the

largest tributary of the Indus. It forms in the
upper Himalayas in the Lahaul and Spiti
district of Himachal Pradesh, India, and flows
through the Jammu region of Jammu and
Kashmir into the plains of the Punjab,
Pakistan. The waters of the Chenab are
allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the
Indus Waters Treaty.
It is also known as Chandrabhaga because
the two streams Chandra and Bhaga meet at
Keylong.

Areas
West coast of India
(south of Goa)
Coromandel Coast of
Tamil Nadu
Most of Peninsular
Plateau
North-western Gujarat
Extreme western
Rajasthan
Coromandel Coast of
Tamil Nadu
Arunachal Pradesh

Q.6 :a
All these are the characteristic features of
laterite soil. It develops in the areas of high
rainfall and high temperature. Due to heavy
rainfall other water soluble minerals are
leached away and soil rich in iron oxide and
aluminium compound is left behind. This
imparts the typical brick-like red colour and
texture to this soil type.

J&K, Himachal
Pradesh and
Uttarakhand

Q.3 :d
Three major geological events in the distant past
have shaped the present drainage system of
Peninsular India:
1. Subsidence of the western flank of the
Peninsula block - It led to its submergence
below the sea and disturbed the symmetrical
plan of the river on either side of the original
watershed.
2. Subsidence of the northern flank of the
Peninsular block - It occurred due to
upheaval of Himalayas and led to trough

Q.7 :c
The westernmost point of India is located in
the state of Gujarat. Therefore, statement 1
is incorrect.
The Indian easternmost point is located in
Arunachal Pradesh. hence, statement 2 is
incorrect.
The main land extends between latitudes
84'N and 376'N and longitudes 687 'E and
9725' E thus latitudinal and longitudinal

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extent of India are roughly about 30 degrees.
So statement 3 is also correct.

ideal for intensive agriculture.

The rivers, after descending from the
mountains deposit pebbles in a narrow belt
of about 8 to 16 km in width lying parallel to
the slopes of the Shiwaliks. It is known as
bhabar. All the streams disappear in this
bhabar belt. South of this belt, the streams
and rivers re-emerge and create a wet,
swampy and marshy region known as terai.

Q.8 :d
In India, the mangrove forests spread over
vast area which is 7 per cent of the worlds
mangrove forests. They are highly developed
in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands and the
Sunderbans of West Bengal. Other areas of
significance are the Mahanadi, the Godavari
,the Kaveri and the Krishna deltas region.

Q.13 :b
The part of the Peninsular plateau lying to
the north of the Narmada river covering a
major area of the Malwa plateau is known as
the Central Highlands.
Statement 1 is incorrect. The flow of the
rivers draining this region, namely the
Chambal, the Sind, the Betwa and Ken is
from southwest to northeast.
Statement 2 is correct. The Central Highlands
are wider in the west but narrower in the
east.
Statement 3 is also correct. Highly denuded,
discontinuous relict mountains are found in
Central Highlands.

Q.9 :d
Shifting cultivation refers to the cyclic
cultivation involving the removal and burning
of vegetation to create a non-permanent
clearing which are followed in forest areas at
varying lengths of time. All the given
statements are adverse effects of shifting
cultivation.

Q.10 :d
Bardoli Cheerha is the local thunderstorm of
hot weather season in Assam, which is useful
for cultivation of tea, rice and jute.
Blossom Showers are the local storm of hot
weather season in Kerala and nearby areas,
which is useful for cultivation of coffee.

Q.11 :d

Q.14 :d
NOBEL PRIZE IN CHEMISTRY
To Paul Modrich , Aziz Sancar and Thomas Lindahl For explaining the DNA repair mechanism.
The given term are related to DNA repair
mechanisms.

All the statements given are correct.

The rivers coming from northern mountains
are involved in depositional work.
In the lower course, due to gentle slope, the
velocity of the river decreases which results
in the formation of riverine islands. Due to
Erosion activity in the upper reaches of
Himalayan mountains, rivers carry the
alluvial sediments .When deposited in the
floodplains, forms the riverine islands.

Q.12 :d
All the statements given are incorrect.
The largest part of the northern plain is
formed of older alluvium. They lie above the
flood plains of the rivers and present a
terrace like feature. This part is known as
bhangar.
The newer, younger deposits of the flood
plains are called khadar. They are renewed
almost every year and so are fertile, thus,

Paul Modrich demonstrated "Mismatch repair

System". This mismatch system contains a
number of important protein, who can
recognise the mismatch and also recognise
the newly synthesised strands then create
new synthesis and take away the piece of
DNA containing mismatch the DNA
synthesised the correct strand.
Aziz Sancar Investigated "UV induced
damage" in DNA. He has identified the
components and characteristics and their
mechanism know as "Nucleotide excision
repair".
Thomas Lindahl demonstrated that DNA
decays at a rate that ought to have made the
development of life on earth impossible. This
insight led him to discover molecular
machinery "Base Excision Repair" which
constantly counteracts the collapse of our
DNA.

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Q.15 :d

straw. It helps to retain soil moisture.

Contour barriers: Stones, grass, soil are
used to build barriers along contours.
Trenches are made in front of the barriers to
collect water.
Rock dam: Rocks are piled up to slow down
the flow of water. This prevents gullies and
further soil loss.
Terrace farming: These are made on the
steep slopes so that flat surfaces are
available to grow crops. They can reduce
surface run-off and soil erosion.
Intercropping: Different crops are grown in
alternate rows and are sown at different
times to protect the soil from rain wash.
Contour ploughing: Ploughing parallel to
the contours of a hill slope to form a natural
barrier for water to flow down the slope.
Shelter belts: In the coastal and dry
regions, rows of trees are planted to check
the wind movement to protect soil cover.

The IUCN Red List is used to inform and

influence many different sectors of society. It
enables biodiversity needs to be factored
into decision-making processes.The IUCN
Red List informs decision-making which
shapes Multilateral Environmental
Agreements, including the Convention on
International Trade in Endangered Species,
the Convention on Migratory Species and the
Ramsar Convention.
The Ramsar Convention works closely with
five other organisations known as
International Organization Partners (IOPs).
These are Birdlife International, the
International Union for Conservation of
Nature (IUCN), the International Water
Management Institute (IWMI), Wetlands
International and WWF International.

Q.16 :b
Q.19 :c
Japanese scientist Takaaki Kajita and
Canadian researcher Arthur B. McDonald
shared 2015 Physics Nobel for the discovery
that neutrinos-fundamental particles that
come in three types, or flavors-can actually
swap identities and change flavors as they
fly through space.
The discovery contradicted the Standard
Model of particle physics which predicted
that neutrinos would be massless. For
neutrinos to change flavors, however, they
must have mass. Kajita and McDonald
demonstrated that neutrinos must therefore
have a very small but nonzero mass.The
discovery that neutrinos have mass has
profound consequencesnot only for particle
physics, pointing at physics beyond the
Standard Model, but also for astrophysics
and cosmology

Diphu Pass - Arunachal Pradesh at trijunction

of India, China and Myanmar
Bum La - Arunachal Pradesh, very close to
Bhutan
Nathu La - Sikkim, connects it with Tibet
though Chumbi Valley
Khardung La - Located on Ladakh Range,
road from Leh to Siachen base passes
through it

Q.20 :b
Vale of Kashmir is the intermontane valley in
western Jammu and Kashmir flanked by the
main range of the Himalyas on the northeast
and the Pir Panjal Range on the southwest.
Karewas are the lacustrine deposits in the
Valley of Kashmir. They are known for the
cultivation of saffron.
In deltaic plains, uplands are called and
marshy lands as Bugyals are alpine pasture
lands, or meadows of the Himalayas in the
Indian state of Uttarakhand.

Q.17 :d
Some important mountain peaks in Andaman
and Nicobar islands are Saddle peak (North
Andaman 738 m), Mount Diavolo (Middle
Andaman 515 m), Mount Koyob (South
Andaman - 460 m) and Mount Thuiller (Great
Nicobar 642 m).

Q.18 :d
There are following methods of soil conservation:
Mulching: The bare ground between plants
is covered with a layer of organic matter like

Q.21 :a
Ritchie's Archipelago and Labyrinth Islands
are two principal groups of islets in the
Andaman and Nicobar Island archipelago.
Ritchie's Archipelago is a cluster of smaller
islands which lie some 25-30 km (16-19 mi)
east of Great Andaman, the main island
group of the Andaman Islands.

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Q.22 :b
Maximum development of glaciers occurs in
the Karakoram range. This range accounts
for about 16000 sq. km or about half of the
snow bound area of the Himalayan region.
Some of the largest glaciers outside the polar
and sub polar regions are found in this
raange. The 75km long Siachin Glacier in
Nubra Valley has the distinction of being the
largest glacier outside the polar and sub
polar regions. Gangotri Glacier which is 30
km long is the largest glacier in the kumaon
Garhwal region of the Himalayas.

where hard and soft rocks exist parallel to

each other. A rectangular drainage pattern
develops on a strongly jointed rocky terrain.
The radial pattern develops when streams
flow in different directions from a central
peak or dome like structure.

Q.27 :b
During the monsoon season, a northward
shift in the ITCZ causes an attraction of
Maritime Tropical (mT) air mass. This air
mass is laden with moisture and is said to
bring about monsoon over the Indian subcontinent.

Q.23 :b
Statement 1 and 3 are correct. Western
Ghats are comparatively higher in elevation
and more continuous than the Eastern Ghats.
Their average elevation is about 1,500 m
with the height increasing from north to
south. They stretch from River Tapi upto
Kanyakumarai.

Q.24 :a
Tropical Evergreen Forests- Some of the
commercially important trees of this forest
are ebony, mahogany, rosewood, rubber and
cinchona.
Tropical Deciduous Forests- Teak is the most
dominant species of this forest.
Bamboos, sal, shisham, sandalwood, khair,
kusum, arjun, mulberry are other
commercially important species.
Montane Forests- Silver fir, junipers, pines
and birches are the common trees of these
forests.
Himalayan Moist- Walnut.

Q.28 :c
Nirbhay missiles are not part of India's Integrated
Guided Missile Development Programme.
The missiles developed under the programme are:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

Prithvi
Trishul
Nag
Akash
Agni

Q.29 :d
Green bond is a debt instrument (and not
equity instrument) which publicly states that
capital is being raised to fund 'green'
projects, that typically include those relating
to renewable energy, emission reductions
and so on.
Green bonds are issued by multilateral
agencies such as the World Bank,
corporations, government agencies and
municipalities.

Q.25 :d
River Mahi rises from the northwestern part
of the Vindhyan Range in Madhya Pradesh
and empties in the Gulf of Khambhat.
Rest three are part of Inland Drainage.

Q.26 :c

India has embarked on an ambitious target of

building 175 gigawatt of renewable energy capacity
by 2022, from just over 30 gigawatt now. This
requires a massive $200 billion in funding. This is
likely to increase India's share in green bond market

Q.30 :d
The dendritic pattern develops where the
river channel follows the slope of the terrain.
The stream with its tributaries resembles the
branches of a tree, thus the name dendritic.
A river joined by its tributaries, at
approximately right angles, develops a trellis
pattern. A trellis drainage pattern develops

Only statement 3 is incorrect.

In mountainous areas, the decrease in
temperature with increasing altitude leads to
a corresponding change in natural
vegetation.
The Himalayan ranges show a succession of
vegetation from the tropical to the tundra,

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which change in with the altitude.
Deciduous forests are found in the foothills of
the Himalayas. The temperate forests are
called Sholas in the Nilgiris, Anaimalai and
Palani hills.

the sandy shoals and forms many riverine

islands, the most important of which is
Majuli.

Q.35 :b
Q.31 :a
The river Indus rises in Tibet, near Lake
Mansarowar. Flowing west, it enters India in
the Ladakh district of Jammu and Kashmir. It
forms a picturesque gorge in this part.
Several tributaries, the Zaskar, the Nubra,
the Shyok and the Hunza, join it in the
Kashmir region.
Ramganga is tributary of river Ganga.

Nainital is located in Kumaon hills of

Himalayas and not Shiwaliks. Mt Abu is
situated in Aravalis and Ooty in Nilgari Hills.

Q.36 :a
Ranchi, Bhopal and Gandhinagar are situated
south of the tropic of cancer line.

Q.37 :c
Q.32 :c
The Malabar coast has got certain
distinguishing features in the form of 'Kayals'
(backwaters), which are used for fishing,
inland navigation and also due to its special
attraction for tourists. Every year the famous
Nehru Trophy Vallamkali (boat race) is held
in Punnamada Kayal in Kerala.

The monsoon approaches the Indian landmass in

two branches - Arabian Sea branch and Bay of
Bengal branch. The Arabian Sea Branch is much
more powerful than the Bay of Bengal branch. This is
because of two reasons:
1. Arabian Sea is larger than the Bay of Bengal
2. Entire Arabian Sea current advances towards
India while only a part of Bay of Bengal
current enters India, the remainder
proceeding to Myanmar, Thailand and
Malaysia.

Q.38 :a
The correct sequence is Option A.
The Cardamom Hills, southern hills of India
and part of the southern Western Ghats are
located in southeast Kerala and southwest
Tamil Nadu. Anaimalai hills are placed just
north of Cardamom hills. The Nilgiri (blue
mountains), are a range of mountains
forming a part of the Western Ghats situated
in the western part of Tamil Nadu state at
the junction of Karnataka and Kerala states.
The Javadhu Hills (also Jawadhi, Jawadhu
Hills) are an extension of the Eastern Ghats
spread across parts of Vellore and
Tiruvannamalai districts in the northern part
of the state of Tamil Nadu.

On arriving in the mainland of India, Arabian Sea

Branch is divided into three distinct streams (one
branch obstructed by Western Ghats, the other
striking the coast north of Mumbai and the third
striking the Saurashtra Peninsula and Kachchh). Bay
of Bengal branch, on the other hand, is divided into
two streams( one branch moves along the Ganga
plains reaching as far as Punjab Plains and the other
branch moves up the Brahmaputra valley in the
north and the northeast).

Q.33 :c
Superimposed drainage system exhibits
discordance with the underlying rock
structure because it originally developed on
a cover of rocks that has now disappeared
due to denudation. Peninsular rivers exhibit
this type of drainage.

Q.39 :a
Guru Shikhar, a peak in the Arbuda
Mountains of Rajasthan, is the highest point
of the Aravalli Range.
While, Barak is a river which originates from
Barail Range.
Nokrek Peak is the highest point of the Garo
Hills region of the State.

Q.34 :c
Flowing through Assam, Brahmaputra mostly
has a braided channel passage. There is a
constant shifting of the river channels and

Q.40 :d

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Because of their ability to remove soil and
transport it, wind and water are powerful
agents of soil erosion. While wind erosion is
significant in arid and semi-arid regions,
erosion by running water is more active in
wet areas. Water erosion takes place mainly
in the form of sheet and gully erosion. While
sheet erosion takes place on level lands,
gully erosion is common on steep slopes.
Badland topography is associated with gully
erosion as large number of deep gullies or
ravines develop in a region. Ravines are
widespread in Chambal Basin. Therefore,
none of the statements are correct.

seats and has no bearing on National

Advisory council. Statement 2 is wrong.
Provisions under Schedule V: If the President
so directs, each State having Scheduled
Areas and also any State having Scheduled
Tribes but not Scheduled Areas, of a Tribes
Advisory Council consisting of not more than
twenty members of whom, as nearly as may
be, three-fourths shall be the representatives
of the Scheduled Tribes in the Legislative
Assembly of the State.
However, the fifth schedule does not
provides for National Tribal Advisory council.
Hence statement 2 is wrong.
The council will be chaired by the Prime
Minister and will meet once or twice in a
year. Hence, statement 3 is wrong.

Q.41 :d
Projects such as Crocodile Breeding Project,
Project Hangul and conservation of
Himalayan Musk deer have been launched by
the Government of India as special
conservation efforts for these species. There
is no special project launched by th
Government of India for the exclusive
protection of Himalayan Tahr.

Q.42 :c

Q.44 :a
Sundarbans house littoral and swamp
forests. Mangroves are found here, not
evergreen forests.
Other places (except Andaman and Nicobar)
have mangroves, but not evergreen forests.

Q.45 :c
The DRDO inaugurated an Extreme Altitude
Research Centre at Chang La in Jammu and
Kashmir at 17,600 ft above mean sea level,
the world's highest terrestrial R&D centre.
It has been established by Defence Institute
of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Leh, a
constituent establishment of Defence
Research and Development Organisation
(DRDO).
Numerous life sciences activities will be
undertaken at this centre. This will include
human physiological work, long term
conservation of plant genetic resources,
designing, testing and demonstration of
mobile and portable greenhouses. The centre
will also work towards the conservation and
propagation of endangered extreme altitude
medicinal plants and others.

Q.43 :a
Government has decided to set up a National
Tribal Advisory Council for effecting
monitoring and implementation of various
tribal welfare schemes.
The Fifth Schedule to the Constitution of
India contains provisions concerning the
administration and control of Scheduled
Areas and Scheduled Tribes.
Fourth Schedule speaks about allocation of

The Tamil Nadu coast remains dry during the

summer monsoon season. There are two factors
responsible for it:
1. The Tamil Nadu coast is situated parallel to
the Bay of Bengal branch of South-West
monsoon.
2. It lies in the rain shadow area of the Arabian
Sea branch of the South-West.So both
statement are correct .

Q.46 :d
Reasons for excessive cold during the cold weather
season in North India are:
1. States like Punjab, Haryana etc are far away
from the moderating influence of sea.
2. Snowfall in the nearby Himalayan ranges
creates cold wave situation.
3. Cold winds coming from the Caspian Sea and
Turkmenistan bring cold wave along with
frost and fog over these regions.

Q.47 :d
To prevent gully erosion and control their
formation all the mentioned methods, except
shelter belts, may be applied. Finger gullies

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can be eliminated by terracing. In bigger
gullies, the erosive velocity of water may be
reduced by constructing a series of check
dams. Special attention should be made to
control headward extension of gullies. This
can be done by gully plugging, terracing or
by planting cover vegetation.

naked. However some ornaments are worn

by them but these are not in the sense to
cover their nudity.
4. The marriage generally occurs between the
adolescents. A widow/widower can get marry
in the Jarawa community. Though the jarwa
are strictly monogamous, subsequent
marriages are common.

Q.48 :d
Q.51 :b
Hiran is a tributary to the Narmada River.
Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojana RSBY was
launched in early 2008 to provide for
cashless insurance for hospitalisation in
public as well as private hospitals.
Unorganized sector workers belonging to BPL
category and their family members (a family
unit of five) shall be the beneficiaries under
the scheme.

Q.49 :b
Black soils swell and become sticky when
wet and shrink when dried. So during the dry
season, these soil develop wide cracks. Thus,
there occurs a kind of self ploughing.
Therefore statement 1 is wrong.

Benefits:
Chemically, the black soils are rich in lime,
iron, magnesia and alumina. They also
contain potash. But they lack in
phosphorous, nitrogen and organic matter.
They are also known as Regur Soils.
Hence B is the correct answer.

The unroganised sector worker and his family

(unit of five) will be covered and the total
sum insured would be Rs. 30,000/- per family
per annum on a family floater basis.
Cashless attendance to all covered ailments.
All pre-existing diseases to be covered.
Transportation costs (actual with maximum
limit of Rs. 100 per visit) within an overall
limit of Rs.1000 Earlier RSBY was a project
under the Ministry of Labour and
Employment. Now it has been transferred to
Ministry of Health and family welfare from
April 1, 2015.

Q.50 :b
The tribes of the Andaman Islands - the Jarawa,
Great Andamanese, Onge and Sentinelese - are
believed to have lived in their Indian Ocean home for
up to 55,000 years. Considered one of the most
isolated people on earth, the Jarawa are a huntergatherer tribe that has lived in the dense forests of
Andaman Islands completely cut off from the outside
world for thousands of years.
However, with the increasing flow of outsiders, the
Jarawas are facing the threat of extinction. Today,
approximately 400 members of the nomadic Jarawa
tribe live in groups of 40-50 people in chaddhas - as
they call their homes.

Hence, statement 1 and 2 are correct and statement

3 is wrong.

Q.52 :b
Mawsynram is a village in the East Khasi Hills
district of Meghalaya state in north-eastern
India, 65 kilometres from Shillong. It is
reportedly the wettest place on Earth, with
an average annual rainfall of 11,872
millimetres.

They are kept in the category of Scheduled Tribes.

Some more facts about Jarawas:
1. Contraceptive methods used by Jarawa: As
contraceptive leaves known as Vachahi and
Hatho are used.
2. There are specific divisions of labour among
the jarawas when they are on movement.
Male members pick and carry their hunting
implements and clean the way, the female
members carry the food articles and other
household belongings.
3. The jarawas of both sexes go complete

Q.53 :b
The Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve (NBR), the first
of the fourteen biosphere reserves of India,
was established in September 1986. The
topography of the NBR is extremely varied,
ranging from an altitude of 250 m to 2,650
m. It has largest population of two
endangered species Lion-tailed macaque and
Nilgiri tahr. The Western Ghats, Nilgiri Sub-

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Cluster, conjoining the Nilgiri Biosphere
Reserve, is a World Heritage Site declared by
UNESCO in 2012. It includes the Mudumalai,
Mukurthi, Wayanad and Bandipur national
parks.

one crop to the other. But more damage is

caused by the cotton leaf curl virus that is
transmitted by the same insect. There are no
control measures for this virus. The diseaseaffected plants are stunted, with fewer
numbers of bolls and reduced yields.
Besides, the infected plants serve as source
of inoculums and infestation for the
remaining healthy fields. Hence, statement 1
is correct.
The late-sown crop is tender in July-August,
when weather conditions - hot, humid and
cloudy - are most congenial for the whitefly
and leaf curl virus transmission. The earlysown crop is less susceptible, as the mature
leaves are not preferred by whiteflies.
Whiteflies have a white waxy coating on their
body at nymphal stage and on wings at the
adult insect stage. The waxy coating protects
whiteflies from most insecticides. On the
other hand, many broad-spectrum
insecticides like synthetic pyrethroids and
mixtures kill a wide range of insects in the
fields. That includes even beneficial insects
known to control whiteflies naturally. The
absence of beneficial natural enemies leads
to whitefly resurgence and out breaks.
Hence, statement 2 is correct.
The ineffectiveness of genetically modified
(GM) cotton against the recent whitefly
attack in Punjab and Haryana, which
witnessed widespread protests by farmers,
has raised concern among agricultural
experts and farmers over the growing
dependency on Bt cotton. Hence, statement
3 is wrong. Whiteflies are physically delicate
and can be controlled even with water
sprays. The best approach is to select
methods causing least disturbance to
beneficial insects that can control the
whitefly naturally. Therefore broad-spectrum
insecticides such as synthetic pyrethroids
and mixtures should be strictly avoided. It is
better to rely initially on water sprays,
followed by soap sprays, suction traps,
yellow sticky traps and reflective sheets or
sprays with preparations of neem oil, castor
oil, fish oil and rosin soap. There are
chemicals, also known as insect growth
regulators, like buprofezin and pyriproxyfen.
These control whiteflies, while seen to have
less effect on beneficial insects.

Q.54 :b
India has a rich variety of wetland habitats.
About 70% of this comprises areas under
paddy cultivation.

Q.55 :d
Lakshadweep has zero per cent forest
area;So statement 1 is correct. Most of the
states with less than 10 per cent of the forest
area lie in the north and northwestern part of
the country. These are Rajasthan, Gujarat,
Punjab, Haryana and Delhi.So Statement 2 is
also correct. The southern slopes of the
Himalayas carry a thicker vegetation cover
because of relatively higher precipitation
than the drier north-facing slopes .statement
3 is also correct.

Q.56 :d
Montane Forest These trees are called
coniferous trees. Chir, Pine and Deodar are
important trees of these forests. Throny
Cactus, khair babol, keekar are important
and are found in the states of Rajasthan,
Punjab, Haryana, Eastern slopes of Western
Ghats and Gujarat.Mangrove forest Sundari
is a well-known species of trees in mangrove
forests after which Sunderbans have been
named.
Tropical Deciduous: Important trees of
these forests are sal, teak, peepal, neem and
shisham.

Q.57 :b
Whiteflly is a small (1-2 mm) white-coloured
insect affecting cotton, and also occurring on
vegetables and other crops in tropical and
sub-tropical regions. The whitefly sucks sap
from the phloem or living tissue carrying
organic nutrients, causes yellowing and
upward curling of the leaves. The insect also
deposits sticky honey dew excretion, which
promotes sooty mould fungi that interfere
with photosynthesis. Sticky cotton makes
ginning and milling difficult. In north India,
whitefly is present throughout the year, due
the wide range of crops grown, shifting from

Q.58 :a
IAFS is an official platform for the AfricanIndian relations. It is held every 3 years and
the venue is selected on rotational basis
from both sides. Agenda of the summit: It
covers various fields including agricultural

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sector, trade, industry and investment,
peace and security, promotion of good
governance and civil society, information and
communication technology (ICT) etc.
First Summit: It was held in 2008 in New
Delhi and was represented by 14 countries of
Africa chosen by the African Union.
Second Summit: It was held at Addis Ababa,
Ethiopia and 15 African countries had
participated in it.
Third Summit: Present summit was earlier
scheduled in December 2014 in New Delhi,
but it was postponed to October 2015 due to
deadly Ebola outbreak in few western African
countries.
The Third India-Africa Forum Summit (IAFS)
was the largest international gathering of
leaders in New Delhi after the 1983 NonAligned Movement (NAM) summit. It was also
one of the largest gatherings of African
countries outside Africa as all 54 nations of
the continent had participated.
The Indo-African Forum summit was initiated
to revisit the declining relations between the
two countries since 1990s. It was not a part
of the NAM but was an independent forum.

Q.59 :b
The Global Competitiveness Report
2015-2016 assesses the competitiveness
landscape of 140 economies, providing
insight into the drivers of their productivity
and prosperity. It was published by World
Economic Forum (WEF).
Competitiveness Report 2015-2016: India
has been placed at 55th position on 2015
Global Competitiveness Index of the world's
most competitive economies. Switzerland
has retained its top position as the world's
most competitive economy for seventh year
in a row.
India moved up 16 positions in this edition of
index as compared to 71th position in 2014.
Most problematic factors for doing business
in India are policy instability, corruption,
inflation and access to finance. India ranks in
areas such as investor protection, quality of
education system, gross national savings,
venture capital availability, GDP and
domestic market size, hiring and firing
practices, burden of government regulation
and public trust in politicians.
No member of the South Asian Association
for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) features in
the top 50.
India leads the way at 55th, followed by Sri
Lanka (68th, up five). Nepal (100th, up two),
Bhutan (105th, down two), Bangladesh
(107th, up two), and Pakistan (126th, up

three) all rank 100th or below.

Although last year all SAARC countries
except Bhutan posted small gains, since
2007 only Nepal has managed to progress
significantly (14 places gained); Pakistan lost
34 places during that period and India,
despite leapfrogging 16 places this year, still
ranks seven notches lower than it did in
2007.

Q.60 :a
Areas of Low Rainfall(receive rainfall
between 50-100 cm):Western Uttar
Pradesh,Delhi, Haryana, Punjab,Jammu and
Kashmir,eastern Rajasthan, Gujarat and
Deccan Plateau. Eastern Madhya Pradesh,
Jharkhand comes under Areas of Medium
Rainfall : (Rainfall between 100-200 cm).

Q.61 :c
Heritiera fomes is a species of mangrove tree in the
family Malvaceae. Its common names include
sunder, sundri, jekanazo and pinlekanazo. It is the
dominant mangrove tree species of the Sundarbans
of Bangladesh and India, and comprises about 70%
of the trees in the area. H. fomes is a major timberproducing tree. It is threatened by over-harvesting,
water diversions in the Ganges Basin, fluctuations in
salinity due to upstream and coastal development
and top dying disease. The International Union for
Conservation of Nature has assessed it as being
"endangered".

Q.62 :b
Shelter belts are used in arid and semi-arid
areas to protect cultivable lands from
encroachment by sand dunes.
Strip cropping is a method of farming which
involves cultivating a field partitioned into
long, narrow strips which are alternated in a
crop rotation system. It is used when a slope
is too steep

Q.63 :b
Among the given seasons, spring season and
autumn season are called weaker seasons as
their duration may be reduced from 3 weeks
to 6 weeks depending upon the intensity of
the approaching or the receeding seasons.

Q.64 :a

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Tundra type of region is the place which is
extremely cold. The growth of natural
vegetation is very limited here. Only mosses,
lichens and very small shrubs are found here.
It grows during the very short summer.

Q.68 :d
Forest fires always start by one of two ways naturally caused or human caused. Natural
fires are generally started by lightning,
volcanoes, rolling stones giving off sparks
and friction due to swaying of bamboos by
winds. Shifting cultivation is an
anthropogenic cause of forest fires.

Q.65 :b
During the south-west monsoon period after
having rains for a few days, if rain fails to
occur for one or more weeks, it is known as
break in the monsoon. These breaks are
believed to be brought about by the collapse
of the Tibetan High which results in
northward shifting of the monsoon
trough(ITCZ) to the foothills of the
Himalayas. This results in high flooding of the
rivers having their catchment areas in the
Himalayas. These breaks in the different
regions are due to different reasons. Over
the west coast, the dry spells are associated
with days when winds blow parallel to the
coast.

Q.69 :c
The state government by notification may
declare an area to be a sanctuary if it
considers that area has adequate ecological,
faunal, floral, geomorphic, natural or
zoological significance for the purpose of
protecting, propagating or development of
wildlife of its environment.
National Park: Hunting or any human
activity is completely prohibited in a national
park.
Game Reserve: In any area notified by
state government in India as game reserve,
hunting of wild animal is permitted inside the
game reserve.
Closed area: An area declared by state
Government closed for hunting for a certain
period. No hunting of any wild animal is
permitted in a closed area.

Q.66 :b
Drainage system development is a slow
process and takes thousands of years, hence
geological time period is an important factor.
Nature and structure of rocks determine the
type of drainage pattern, for instance the
Gangetic plain is dendritic due to the
presence of soft alluvium, while the drainage
pattern in the peninsular India is trellis
because of the presence of harder rocks.
Drainage system is independent of the
chemical property of water. Options
containing this has to be eliminated. If
amount and periodicity of water flow is on
the higher side, it increases the
degradational capacity of of water and
affects the drainage pattern. Topography and
gradient's contrasting effect can be proved
by the difference in the drainage pattern of
Himalyan and Peninsular rivers.

Q.70 :a
The monsoon advance with startling
suddenness accompanied by lot of thunder,
lightening and heavy downpour. This sudden
onset of rain is termed as monsoon burst.
The shift in the position of the ITCZ is related
to the phenomenon of the withdrawal of the
westerly jet stream from its position over the
north Indian plain, south of the Himalayas.
The easterly jet stream sets in along 150N
latitude only after the western jet stream has
withdrawn itself from the region. This
easterly jet stream is held responsible for the
burst of monsoon in India.
Northward shifting of the monsoon
trough(ITCZ) to the foothills of the Himalayas
is associated with break in the monsoon.

Q.67 :a
Western Disturbance (WD) is the term used
to describe an extratropical storm that brings
sudden winter rain and snow to the
northwestern parts of the Indian
subcontinent. This is a non-monsoonal
precipitation pattern driven by the
Westerlies. The moisture in these storms
usually originates over the Mediterranean
Sea. Western Disturbances are important to
the development of the Rabi crop.

Q.71 :a
Operation Smile is a successful model for
tracing and rescuing the missing children. It
was started in the city of Ghaziabad. This
unique model has been appreciated all over
the country. The drive pioneered by home

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minister has seen different state police and
women and child departments step up efforts
to rescue missing children, with Haryana and
Maharashtra taking the lead.
Home Ministry has also asked the state
governments to sensitise and train police
officers at various ranks about issues related
to missing children, POSCO Act, Juvenile
Justice Act and Protection of Child Rights Acts
and then sent to various parts of the country
including Delhi, Jaipur, Haridwar, Gurgaon,
Mumbai and Kolkata to recover missing
children.

through Assam must pass through Rajasthan

as it is between 23.5 degree to 30 degree.
While this is not true for other three states.

Q.75 :b
Andaman and Nicobar islands are separated
by the Ten Degree channel. The Great
Channel separates Nicobar and Sumatra
islands. Coco Channel separates the
Andaman and Coco island (Myanmar) While,
Eight Degree channel separates
Lakshyadweep and Maldives.

Q.72 :b
Q.76 :c
International shipping regulators revised the
'high-risk area' boundary in the Indian Ocean
and have shifted its eastern boundary away
from the western coastline of India to 65
East longitude. HRA was extended from 65
East longitude to 78 East longitude in 2010
in the wake of a surge in piracy incidents off
the coast of Somalia. Since then, the
international maritime forces have
undertaken extensive counter-piracy
operations and successfully mitigated piracy
in this region. However it has been again
shifted to 65. Hence Statement 1 is wrong.

Chemical fertilizers in the absence of organic

manures is harmful to the soil. This is
because, unless the soil gets enough humus,
chemicals harden it and reduce the fertility
of the soil in the long run.
Salinity increases mainly due to excessive
irrigation. Chemicals fertilizers do not
decrease the nitrogen content. Fertilizers
have no relations as such with loosening of
the soil.

Q.77 :b
Most part of India receive rainfall of 70 cms
to 200 cms concentrated over a limited
period of time in a year. Also known as
monsoon type climate though most of the
year observes tropical climate. Hence the
corresponding vegetation is deciduous in
those part of the India.

Implications:
Economic: Reduce in insurance premium
paid by shipping companies for security
purpose against piracy. Consequently huge
savings for India's EXIM (export-import) trade
and Indian consumers on account of reduced
freight cost due to less insurance premium.
Maritime Security: It will be not jeopardized
as there will be shift of International
maritime traffic density along the western
Indian coastline which earlier had led to
maritime congestion.

Q.73 :b
Anaimudi is the highest peak in the Western
ghats while the Agasthamalai is the not the
highest and in the western ghats .
Doddabetta is the highest peak in the Nilgiri
hills. Mahendragiri is the highest peak in the
Eatern Ghats.

Q.74 :b

Q.78 :c
Both statements are correct. Mizoram is
called a land of rolling hills, valleys, rivers
and lakes. As many as 21 major hills ranges
or peaks of different heights run through the
length and breadth of the state, with plains
scattered here and there. The average height
of the hills to the west of the state are about
1,000 metres (3,281 feet). These gradually
rise up to 1,300 metres (4,265 feet) to the
east. Some areas, however, have higher
ranges which go up to a height of over 2,000
metres (6,562 feet).
Molasses basin are made up of soft
unconsolidated deposits generally in foreland
of mountain foothills. Mizoram has plenty of
that and hence called molasses basin.

Assam lies between latitude 24 degree and

28 degree. Hence, all the latitudes that pass

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Q.79 :b
Western coastal plains are example of
submergent coasts due to subsidence one
portion of landmass along the fault line. The
steep overlooking western ghats are the
other part of that landmass. Western coasts
are narrower offering natural condition for
harbor and forms estuaries for swift flowing
rivers. Eastern coasts are broader and hence
it is a costly affair to build and maintain a
port on this coast. Continuous dredging is
required to maintain depth for berthing of
ships.

extended for all citizens of the country from

1 May 2009 including the un-organized
sector workers on voluntary basis.
Its objective is to provide retirement income
to all the citizens.
The Reserve Bank of India (RBI) has allowed
non-resident Indians (NRIs) to subscribe to
the National Pension System (NPS) enabling
them access old age income security.

Q.82 :c
Regions with variability of less than 25 per
cent include western coasts of western
ghats, northeastern Peninsula, eastern plains
of the Ganga, north-eastern India,
Uttrakhand and Himachal Pradesh and Southwestern part of Jammu and Kashmir. These
areas have annual rainfall of over 100 cm.
Western Part of Rajasthan, northern part of
Jammu and Kashmir and interior parts of the
Deccan Plateau have a variability of over 50
per cent. These areas have annual rainfall of
less than 50 cm.
Rest of India have a variability of 25-50 per
cent and receive an annual rainfall between
50-100 cm.

Q.80 :b
Bonds are instruments of debt - typically
used by corporates to raise money from
investors. Masala bonds have to be explained
in the context of Indian corporates raising
money from overseas investors. Before
masala bonds, corporates have had to rely
on avenues such as external commercial
borrowings or ECBs. Masala bonds are rupeedenominated bonds issued to overseas
buyers. As the Indian rupee has limited
convertibility, the investors lend the dollar
equivalent of the rupee. The Indian corporate
needs to pay back the dollar equivalent sum
of rupees agreed before. The currency risk is
with the investor.
The International Finance Corporation (IFC),
the investment arm of the World Bank,
issued a Rs. 1,000 crore bond in November
last year. The purpose of the issue was to
fund infrastructure projects in India. IFC
named them masala bonds to reflect the
Indian angle to it. This kind of naming has
been done before. This is, in fact, much like
IFC's Chinese yuan-denominated Dim sum
bonds. It isn't unusual in the foreign bonds
market to encounter names such as Yankee
and Bulldog. By the way, Japanese yendenominated bonds are called Samurai.
There was even much speculation about
what the rupee-denominated bonds would be
called before 'masala' was confirmed.
Samosa, Ganga, and Peacock were
apparently some of the names doing the
rounds.

Q.83 :d
The outer most range of the Himalayas is
called the Shiwaliks, The northern most
range is known as the Great or Inner
Himalayas or the Himadri. Therefore
statement 1 is incorrect.
The folds of Great Himalayas are
asymmetrical in nature. Therefore statement
2 is also incorrect.

Q.84 :b
Saline Soils are also known as Usara soils.
Saline soils contain a larger proportion of
sodium, potassium and magnesium, and
thus, they are infertile, and do not support
any vegetative growth. They have more
salts, largely because of dry climate and poor
drainage. They occur in arid and semi-arid
regions, and in waterlogged and swampy
areas. Their structure ranges from sandy to
loamy. They lack in nitrogen and calcium.
Saline soils are more widespread in western
Gujarat, deltas of the eastern coast and in
Sunderban areas of West Bengal.

Q.81 :d
Governed and administered by the Pension
Fund Regulatory and Development Authority
(PFRDA) NPS was launched in 2004 and was
initially introduced for the new Government
recruits (except armed forces). It was

Q.85 :c

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The northern boundary of peninsular block is
a little north to Satpura mountains from
Kachchh in Gujarat to Ganges delta. This
boundary roughly runs parallel to Yamuna
and Ganga. Satpura mountains are not fold
but block mountains.

economies. G20 is not an organization, but

operate as a forum. It does not have any
permanent secretariat or management and
administrative structure.
Statement 2 is correct: The G-20 heads of
government or heads of state have
periodically conferred at summits since their
initial meeting in 2008, and the group also
hosts separate meetings of finance ministers
and central bank governors.
Statement 3 is correct: India is set to be the
G20 Chair in 2018, and New Delhi could host
the prestigious annual G20 summit. China is
chairing the G20 in 2016, following which
Germany will in 2017.

Q.86 :d
IST does not divide India exactly into two half
meridionals rather it is the closest meridian
which to the one which divides India into two
half and is multiple of 730'. It is a
convention to take the meridian which is
multiple of 7 30' as standard time and which
also divides a country into two nearly equal
part if not exactly. Many countries with large
meridional expanse have more than one
standard time meridian like Australia etc. IST
does not pass through Telangana. It passes
through U.P., Odisha, M.P., Chhattisgarh and
Andhra Pradesh.

Q.87 :d

Q.89 :d
Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Nagaland and
Mizoram share the boundary with Myanmar.
Tripura shares the boundary with Bangladesh
and not with the Myanmar.

Q.90 :d
Poor signal strength,Interference by bad
environment condition,Shortage of spectrum
are some major reason for call drops while
low availability of tower are major reason for
call drop.
Mobile phones work using radio waves in the
frequency range of 300 MHz and 3,000 MHz.
But the entire range is not available for use.
Critically, the lower the number, the better
the quality of transmission.
Towers act as boosters that help radio waves
travel better, and are a necessary part of the
telecom architecture in any country. There
are approximately 5,50,000 towers in India,
and industry associations reckon another
1,00,000 are needed.
There is a shortage of spectrum in key bands
like 900 MHz and 1,800 MHz. The
government insists that call drops can be
addressed to a large extent through better
management of spectrum, but that can
provide only partial relief.
Bad weather conditions like dense cloud,
thunder & lightning etc. affects the call drop
issues.
Thus only statement 3 is incorrect.

Q.88 :d
Statement 1 is correct: The Group of Twenty
(also known as the G-20 or G20) is an
international forum for the governments and
central bank governors from 20 major

The Gondwana land included India, Australia,

South Africa,South America and Antarctica as
one single landmass.

Q.91 :d
Betla National Park is a national park located
in the Chota Nagpur Plateau of the Latehar
district of the Indian state of Jharkhand, in
India. The park boasts a wide variety of wild
life. "Betla" is an acronym of the following
words: bison, elephant, tiger, leopard, axisaxis.
Bannerghatta National Park is in Karnataka,
the Bannerghatta Biological Park, popularly
known as BBP, has been an integral part of
Bannerghatta National Park. The Orang
National Park, located on the north bank of
the Brahmaputra River in the Darrang and
Sonitpur districts of Assam, It is also known
as the mini Kaziranga National Park.

Q.92 :b
During the winter months, a high pressure
centre in the region lying to the north of the
Himalayas. This centre of high pressure gives
rise to flow of air from Central Asia towards
Indian subcontinent. Hence, statement 1 is
wrong.

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Q.93 :d

Arabian Sea branch as well. The winds flow

through the rift valley between Vindhyas &
Satpura & cause rainfall over the plateau.
Position of Equatorial jet stream along
eastern coast of Africa is one of the many
factors that impact the distribution &
intensity of Monsoon in India.

Indian Seasons may be classified as follows:

Vasanta: March-April
Grishma: May-June
Varsha: July-August
Sharada: September-October
Hemanta: November-December
Shishira: January- February

Q.98 :b
Second statement is wrong. Patkai Bum forms the
international boundary between Arunachal Pradesh
and Myanmar.

Q.94 :b
Karewas are lacustrine deposits of kashmir
valley. Here zaffron, a variety of safron is
grown; Chos are small streams in Punjabthese come down from hills and cause water
logging in plains; Duars are terai regions of
Bengal, Assam and Bhutan. Their economy is
based on 3 Ts- Tea, timber and Tourism.

Q.95 :d
Algorithm Trading is a tool to conduct
transaction in stock exchanges, It uses
mathematical codes and codes to make the
transactions on exchanges. The execution by
using this strategy is of very high speed,
giving an added advantage to the traders.

Q.96 :a
The Quartet - composed of the United States,
the European Union, Russia and the United
Nations - came together in 2002 to explore
new options for Israeli-Palestinian peace. In
April 2003, the Quartet released its
"Performance-based Roadmap to a
Permanent Two-State Solution to the IsraeliPalestinian Crisis." The Roadmap outlines a
three-stage program leading to an
independent Palestinian state and a "final
and comprehensive settlement of the IsraelPalestine conflict" by 2005. But as a
"performance-driven" process with no
enforcement mechanism, the Roadmap
depended on the good faith of all sides and
their voluntary compliance with obligations
under the plan. The process reached a
deadlock early in phase I and the plan was
never implemented. India endorses this
roadmap as was emphasized by our
President recently on his visit to Israel.

Q.97 :c
Chota Nagpur region gets rainfall due to

Q.99 :b
The Western Disturbance originate over the
east Mediterranean sea and travel eastward
across West Asia.
The moisture content of the Western
Disturbance gets augmented from the
Caspian Sea in the north and Persian Gulf in
the south.
The Western disturbance are highly regarded
as beneficial for Rabi crops in North India.
Hence only statement 1 and 2 are correct.

Q.100 :c
Kharai Camels- are an eco-tonal breed, as
they survive in a dry land ecosystem as well
as in a coastal ecosystem, and can easily
swim in deep sea.They are the only camels
who can swim and who have adapted to the
extreme climate of Rann and shallow seas
and high salinity.Gujarat(Rann of Kutch) is
the only home to this breed of camel. They
feed and digest on saline trees and
shrubs.The growth of industrial activities in
the coastal areas of Kutch has minimized the
availability of camel food and water sources.
Salinity has increased throughout the region.
Thus, the socioeconomic condition of Kharai
camel breeders ( Maaldhari Community) in
Kutch is under threat. Hence, option (c) is the
correct answer. Saltwater Crocodile-The
saltwater crocodile is one of the three
crocodilians found in India, the other two
being the more widespread, smaller mugger
crocodile and the narrow-snouted, fish-eating
gharial. Apart from the eastern coast of India
i.e. Bhitarnika Wildlife Sanctuary (Odisha) ,
Sundarbans, they are also present within the
mangrove forests and other coastal areas of
the Andaman and Nicobar Islands. The
saltwater crocodile is extremely rare on the
Indian subcontinent.The primary behaviour
to distinguish the saltwater crocodile from

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other crocodiles is its tendency to occupy
salt water. Though other crocodiles also have
salt glands that enable them to survive in
saltwater, a trait which alligators do not
possess, most other species do not venture
out to sea except during extreme conditions.
Saltwater crocodiles are agile predators.
Dugong- is an endangered, herbivorous,
marine mammal, also known as the Sea Cow
and is the State Animal of the Andaman and
Nicobar Islands. The dugong is largely
dependent on seagrass and fishes and other
acquatic vegetation for subsistence and is
thus restricted to the coastal habitats which
support seagrass meadows, with the largest
dugong concentrations typically occurring in
wide, shallow, protected areas such as bays ,
mangrove channels , the waters of large
inshore islands and inter-reefal
waters.Dugong is distributed in shallow
tropical waters in Indo-Pacific Region. In
India, Dugong is reported from Gulf of Kutch,
Gulf of Mannar and Palk Bay. Wild Water
Buffalo- also called Asian buffalo and Asiatic
buffalo, is a large bovine native to the Indian
Subcontinent and Southeast Asia. It is listed
as Endangered in the IUCN Red List since
1986.The global population has been
estimated at 3,400 individuals, of which
3,100 (91%) live in India, mostly in
Assam.Wild water buffalos are both diurnal
and nocturnal .They are probably grazers by
preference, feeding mainly on true grasses
when available, such as scutch grass and
sedges , but they also eat herbs, fruits, and
bark, as well as browsing on trees and
shrubs. They also feed on crops, including
rice , sugarcane , and jute , sometimes
causing considerable damage.Some of the
reasons for their habitat loss could be
:habitat loss of floodplain areas due to
conversion to agriculture and hydropower
development;degradation of wetlands due to
invasive species such as stem twiners and
lianas ;diseases and parasites transmitted by
domestic livestock ; interspecific competition
for food and water between wild buffalo and
domestic stock; tigers preying on adult wild
water buffalo, etc.

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Q.1

Q.36 a

Q.71 a

Q.2

Q.37 a

Q.72 a

Q.3

Q.38 a

Q.73 a

Q.4

Q.39 a

Q.74 a

Q.5

Q.40 a

Q.75 a

Q.6

Q.41 a

Q.76 a

Q.7

Q.42 a

Q.77 a

Q.8

Q.43 a

Q.78 a

Q.9

Q.44 a

Q.79 a

Q.10 a

Q.45 a

Q.80 a

Q.11 a

Q.46 a

Q.81 a

Q.12 a

Q.47 a

Q.82 a

Q.13 a

Q.48 a

Q.83 a

Q.14 a

Q.49 a

Q.84 a

Q.15 a

Q.50 a

Q.85 a

Q.16 a

Q.51 a

Q.86 a

Q.17 a

Q.52 a

Q.87 a

Q.18 a

Q.53 a

Q.88 a

Q.19 a

Q.54 a

Q.89 a

Q.20 a

Q.55 a

Q.90 a

Q.21 a

Q.56 a

Q.91 a

Q.22 a

Q.57 a

Q.92 a

Q.23 a

Q.58 a

Q.93 a

Q.24 a

Q.59 a

Q.94 a

Q.25 a

Q.60 a

Q.95 a

Q.26 a

Q.61 a

Q.96 a

Q.27 a

Q.62 a

Q.97 a

Q.28 a

Q.63 a

Q.98 a

Q.29 a

Q.64 a

Q.99 a

Q.30 a

Q.65 a

Q.100 a

Q.31 a

Q.66 a

Q.32 a

Q.67 a

Q.33 a

Q.68 a

Q.34 a

Q.69 a

Q.35 a

Q.70 a

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