ANSWER SCHEME FORMATIVE TEST 2 FORM 4 (2011)

SECTION A
1. D
2. D
3. A
4. D
5. B

6.
7.
8.
9.
10.

C
B
C
B
B

SECTION B
NO
1(a)
(i)

(ii)

(b)

(c)(i)

CRITERIA
Able to state the health problems suffered by the two
individuals.
Answer :
P : Kwashiorkor
Q : Obesity

MARKS

1
1

1
1

Able to state what is the cause of health problem in individual

P?
Answer :
Deficiency / lack of protein in diet.

Able to explain the above statement.

Answer :
Children require more proteins for growth and labours require
more carbohydrates to provide sufficient energy for heavy work.

1
1

Able to state what is the reason for the health problem in

individual Q?
Answer :
Excessive consumption of foods especially fats and carbohydrates.

(c)(ii)

The excess food will be stored in the form of fat (adipose tissue)
under the skin and around the intestine.

(d)

1. The problem in individual Q is caused by the habit of overeating, whereas anorexsia nervosa is rooted to a psychological
problem, that is the obsession to maintain the body shape without
assuming proper diet.
2. The problem in individual Q brings about the effect of gaining
20% more weight than the normal weight, whereas anorexia
nervosa results in loss of weight and malnutrition.

1
2

1
1
2

2(a)

(b)

(c)(i)
(c)(ii)

(c)(iii)

Able to label the palisade cell

Right label and name of the cell

Able to state two adaptation
P1 : Pallisade mesophyll(cells) are closely arranged to absorb
maximum sunlight for photosynthesis.
P2 : spongy mesophyll(cells) are loosely arranged for gaseous
exchange for photosynthesis.
Able to state the place where light reaction occurs in
chloroplast
Grana
Able to explain the mechanism of light reaction
Sample answer :
P1 : Chlorophyll absorbed light energy
P2 : Energy is used to split water molecules into hydrogen ion
and hydroxyl ion
P3 : Electron is received by hydrogen ion to form a hydrogen
atom
P4 : Hydroxyl ion loses electron to form hydroxyl
P5 : Produce water and hydrogen
Able to state three differences between light reaction and dark
reaction of photosynthesis
Light reaction
Occur in grana
Needs light
Produce oxygen and water
Photolysis of water occurs

Dark reaction
Occur in stroma
Does not need light
Produce glucose and water
Photolysis of water does not
occur
TOTAL

1
1
2
1

1
1
1
Max

1
1

1
1
1
1

3
20

SECTION C
NO
1(a)
(i)

(a)(ii)

CRITERIA
Able to explain the formation of faeces in a human
- faeces which contain dead cells that are shed from
intestinal linings, toxic substances and bile pigments
enter the colon
- by action of peristalsis.
- in colon more water is absorbed.
- the undigested food residues harden to become faeces.
- faeces contain undigestible residues that remain after
the process of digestion and absorption of nutrients
that take place in the small intestine.
Able to explain the effect on a child who is given
insufficient amounts of any two nutrients of food
Protein
- Insufficient amount of protein causes kwashiorkor and
marasmus.
- A child suffering from kwashiorkor has flaky skin, thin
muscles, thin hair and swelling of the body especially
the abdomen because of the retention of fluid in tissue.
- The child normally experiences stunted growth.
- A child that suffers marasmus will become very thin
and has wrinkled skin.
Vitamin D and calcium/phosphorus
- Vitamin D and calcium deficiency in children will
cause rickets.
- Children that suffer this disease will have poor teeth
and bone formation.
- Deformities such as bowed legs.
- Experienced stunted growth.

(b)(i)

Able to state the value of energy contained in the daily

food intake and whether the food intake satisfy the daily
energy requirement of the boy.
Answer : 8230kJ
- The food does not satisfy his daily energy
requirement.

(b)(ii) Able to explain the consequences to the boy if he takes the

menu for a long period of time .
- The diet menu provides enough sources of proteins.
However, it provides excessive sources of fats and
cholesterol and lack of carbohydrates, vitamins,
minerals and fibres.
- The boy needs food which are rich in protein and
vitamins during the period of rapid growth. Therefore,

MARKS
1
1
1
1
1

Max
4

1
1
1
1

Max
6

1
1
1

1
1

he gets enough protein from milk and boiled eggs.

Excessive fats and cholesterol are contained from
chicken curry and potato chips. Excessive fats and
cholesterol can cause arteriosclerosis and hypertension
as they will be deposited in the arterial wall that could
decrease the size of lumen artery.
Excessive fats will also deposited in the adipose tissue
beneath the skin and around the internal organs.
The intake of oily food can also causes the boy to have
pimples and acne.
Deficiency in carbohydrates will slow down the cell
transportation due to insufficient energy. As a result,
the boy will become weak and experienced fatigue
easily.
In this diet, the boy has not taken sufficient fruits and
vegetables as a supply of fibres. This might lead to
constipation.
Vegetables and fruits are the main sources of minerals
and vitamins. Insufficient intake of vegetables and
fruits may lead to dry, scaly skin and scurvy.
In addition, sausage is a fast food which contains
preservatives and chemicals which might cause cancer
if it is taken for a long period of time.
TOTAL

1
1
1

1
1
1

Max
8
20