Reactions to know:

1. Combustion Reaction
Combustion is another name for burning. It is a reaction in which a substance is
chemically combined with oxygen.
General Word Equation for this type of combustion reaction:

Element + oxygen gas

element

oxide of the

Word Equation for the combustion reaction we performed:

Magnesium + oxygen gas

oxide

magnesium

Chemical Equation for the combustion reaction we performed:

Mg

+ O2

MgO

Reactions to know:
2. Corrosion Reaction
When metals are exposed to the air, they often take oxygen in from the air. This
produces an oxide coating on the metal. This is called corrosion. Iron metal corrodes
to form rust (iron oxide).
General Word Equation for corrosion reactions:

metal + oxygen gas

metal

oxide of the

Word Equation for the corrosion reaction we performed:

Iron + Oxygen gas

Iron Oxide

Chemical Equation for the corrosion reaction we performed:

Fe + O2

FeO

Reactions to know:
3. Precipitation
Reaction
Precipitation reactions result in an insoluble solid (called a precipitate) being formed
when two clear solutions are mixed.
General Word Equation for precipitation reactions:

solubl
e salt
A
+

solubl
+ e salt
B

insolubl
e salt C
(the
precipitate)

solubl
e salt
D

Word Equation for the precipitation reaction we performed:

Silver
nitrate

Sodiu
+ m
chlorid

Silver
chloride
(the
precipitate)

Sodiu
m
nitrate

Chemical Equation for the precipitation reaction we performed:

AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq)

AgCl(s) + NaNO3(aq)

Reactions to know:
4. Acid on metal
Reaction
When an acid reacts with a metal, hydrogen gas and salt are produced. A salt is an
ionic compound containing the ions left over after the reaction. Hydrogen can be
tested by the pop test.
General Word Equation for acid on metal reactions:

acid

+ metal

salt

+ hydrogen

Word Equation for the acid on metal reaction we performed:

Hydrochlori + Magnesium
c acid
hydrogen

Magnesiu
m
chloride

Chemical Equation for the acid on metal reaction we performed:

HCl

+ Mg

MgCl2 + H2

Reactions to know:
5. Acid on carbonate
Reaction

When acids are mixed with substances containing carbonates, carbon dioxide gas is
formed, as well as salt and water. You can test for carbon dioxide by bubbling the gas
through limewater. The limewater solution goes from clear to a milky colour in the
presence of carbon dioxide.
General Word Equation for acid on carbonate reactions:

acid + carbonate
carbon dioxide

salt

+ water +

Word Equation for the acid on carbonate reaction we performed:

Hydrochlo
ric acid

+ Calcium

carbona
te

Calciu
m
chlorid

Carbo
n
dioxid

+ water
+

Chemical Equation for the acid on carbonate reaction we performed:

HCl

+ CaCO3

CaCl2 + H20

CO2

Reactions to know:
6. Neutralisation
Reaction
When an acid and base are mixed, they react to form salt and water in a process
called neutralization.
General Word Equation for neutralisation reactions:

acid +
water

base

salt

Word Equation for the neutralisation reaction we performed:

Hydrochlo
ric acid

Sodium
hydroxid
e

Sodiu
m
chlorid

Chemical Equation for the neutralisation reaction we performed:

water

HCl

+ NaOH

NaCl

H 20

Reactions to know:
7. Decomposition
Reaction
A decomposition reaction is one where a single substance breaks down into simpler
compounds or elements. Decomposition reactions are the opposite of synthesis
reactions.
General Word Equation for this type of decomposition reaction:

single substance
elements

simpler compounds or

Word Equation for a decomposition reaction:

copper carbonate
carbon dioxide

copper oxide +

Chemical Equation for the decomposition reaction we performed:

CuCO3(s)

CuO(s) + CO2(g)