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JournalofBusinessManagement&SocialSciencesResearch(JBM&SSR)ISSNNo:23195614

Volume2,No.2,February2013
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Provision Of Welfare Under Factories Act & Its Impact


On Employee Satisfaction
Parul P Bhati, Research scholar, Karpagam University, Coimbatore, Assistant Professor, MBA (HR), IDS,
Nirma University, Ahmedabad, Gujarat
Dr.Ashokkumar M., Professor & Head, Department of Management, Karpagam University, Coimbatore,
Karpagam University, Tamilnadu, India

ABSTARCT
This Paper contains the overviews of ENGINEEIRNG INDUSTRY. This also contains the different welfare
provisions to be given to the employees under the Factory Act 1948. This paper contains the research on
employee satisfaction towards welfare facilities under the act. This includes the study of 50 employees from
each of the company i.e. Jyoti CNC, Rajoo Engineering, Steel Cast, Atul auto & Amul industries making a total
sample size of 250 employees. In our study we measured the impact of welfare provisions on employee
satisfaction by way of the correlation technique and we also measured that whether any difference in terms of
employee satisfaction towards welfare provision exists by way of using one way Annova test.
Key Terms:
Worker, Washing Facility, First Aid, Canteen, Crches, Appropriate Government.

1.INTRODUCTION
The Engineering sector is the largest in the overall
industrial sectors in India. It is a diverse industry
with a number of segments, and can be broadly
categorized into two segments, namely, heavy
engineering and light engineering. The engineering
sector is relatively less fragmented at the top, as the
competencies required are high, while it is highly
fragmented at the lower end (e.g. unbranded
transformers for the retail segment) and is
dominated by smaller players.
Gujarat contributes to over 8% of Indias total
engineering output, and is home to several
industrial units with operations across the entire
engineering value chain over 300 units in large
sector and over 75,000 units in Small and medium
enterprises (SME) sector (excluding repair and
services). Major production base for sponge iron,
steel pipes and tubes, copper cathode, electrical,
switchgear, transformer and transmission line
towers, heavy fabrication, ship building and auto
components. 30 out of the 83 product clusters in

the State are dedicated to engineering and auto


sector.
Major engineering clusters in Gujarat include
foundry, ship breaking, induction furnace industry,
steel re-rolling mills, brass parts, oil engines,
fabrication and machine tools, auto components
and SS utensils Hindalcos copper smelting and
refining complex at Dahej in Bharuch District is
the worlds largest copper smelter at a single
location with a capacity of 5,00,000 tones a year.
Engineering industry in Saurashtra region is mainly
concentrated in the areas like Rajkot, Bhavnagar,
Jamnagar, some portion of Junagadh & Porbandar
etc. Each of these districts has specialties for the
manufacturing of the different engineering
products. The main concentration of engineering
industry in Saurashtra region is Rajkot & it is very
well supported by other district. Besides Saurashtra
Kutch region is also enriched with the industries
manufacturing saw pipes, Steel Bars & components
of
wind
mill.

DISTRICT
Rajkot

SPECILAITY
Auto components, Diesel Engine, CNC
machinery, Casting products

Bhavnagar
Jamnagar

Rerolled steel, castings


Brass Parts

MAJOR PLAYERS
Amul auto, Kadvani forging, Jyoti CNC, Rajoo
engineering, P M Diesels, Forge & Forge, Rolex
Bearing
Steel cast, Investment & Precession castings limited
Rajhans Mtal Pvt.ltd, Trupti Brass

2.LITERATURE REVIEW
A Sabarirajan, T.Meharajan, B.Arun (2010) in
their study of the Cotton Textile plays a vital role
in human life. Textile industries are one of the
important industries of India for earning Foreign

Exchange and giving employment to lacks of


workers .Because of being a highly labor intensive
industry it needs to concentrate more in the area of
employee welfare. In this study we selected Salem
District in Tamil Nadu, India for identifying

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JournalofBusinessManagement&SocialSciencesResearch(JBM&SSR)ISSNNo:23195614
Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
various methods and also to identify the
effectiveness of the methods. The study shows that
15% of the employees are highly satisfied with
their welfare measures. 22 % of the employees are
satisfied with their welfare measures.39% of the
employees is average with their welfare measures.
16% of them are in highly dissatisfied level.
Welfare measures plays important role in employee
satisfaction and it results in improved quality of
work life. This study throws light on the impact of
welfare measures on QWL among the employees
of textile mills in Salam district.
B D Singh (Industrial Relations and Labour
Laws)Excel (2008) Edition This legislation is
being enforced by technical officers i.e. Inspectors
of Factories, Dy. Chief Inspectors of Factories who
work under the control of the Chief Inspector of
Factories and overall control of the Labour
Commissioner, Government of National Capital
Territory of Delhi. The Factories Act, is a social
legislation which has been enacted for occupational
safety, health and welfare of workers at work
places. In India the first Factories Act was passed
in 1881. This Act was basically designed to protect
children and to provide few measures for health
and safety of the workers. This law was applicable
to only those factories, which employed 100 or
more workers. On the basis of the
recommendations of the Factory Labour
Commission, more comprehensive Law was
introduced in 1911, which got amended in 1923,
1926 and 1931 With the amendments made by
Royal
Commission
of
Labour
(1931),
Comprehensive Factory Act, 1934 was introduced.
Shobha Mishra and Dr Manju Bhagat (2007) in
their article discuss labour welfare activities in an
industrialized society has far reaching impact not
only on the work force but also all the facets of
human resources. Labour welfare includes all such
activities, which not only secures existential
necessities but also ensures improvement in
spiritual and emotional quotient. It comprises of
short term and long terms goal toward building a
humane society. As labour welfare is a dynamic
concept, changes in its principles activities and the
rationale supporting them have not been static.
They closely follow the stages of advancement of
the industrialized society from police Theory to
Functional Theory. Accordingly principles for
successful implementation of labour welfare
activities ranges from adequacy of wages to impact
on efficiency as well as transformation of
personality in nut shell, it is extension of
democratic values in an industrialized society.
Kwong-leung Tang and Chau-kiu Cheung
(2007) studies that employs survey data from1240
welfare recipients in Hong Kongto investigate the
effectiveness of various measures for raising the
recipients work motivation and diminishing their

welfare dependency. The measures examined


include the Intensive Employment Assistance
Project (IEAP), Community Work (CW) Program
and Disregarded Earnings (DE) arrangements.
Findings reveal the effectiveness of these three
measures. Particularly, help received from various
services of the IEAP was the principal factor in the
effectiveness of the IEAP and the IEAP was
effective for welfare recipients who were older or
less skilled. The findings thus offer support to the
generality of the claim about the effectiveness of
welfare-to-work programs.
C. P. John (2004) studied in the paper the large
gaps existing between the rich and the poor and the
unorganized workers and the organized workers
have led in several countries to attempts at
providing social and economic security to the poor
and to the unorganized sectors. In Kerala, the
introduction of modern techniques of production
and the growth of capitalist production relations
had important implications for the traditional crafts
as well as craftsman in Kerala. One of its
implications has been the breakdown of the
conventional social security set-up. Craftsmen in
Kerala belonged to a specific caste group, namely,
Kammala or Viswakarma. The social security
system among craftsmen was embedded in the craft
and caste traditions and practices. The customs and
practices of the craft as well as of caste groups
were eroded in the processes of change that
transformed caste-based occupational traditions
and the social structure itself.

3.RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
3.1 RESEARCH PROBLEM Welfare provisions
of Factories Act 1948 are important as far as the
nature of the work in the engineering industries is
concerned. It may happen that the employees
working in the engineering industry are not
satisfied with the welfare provisions provided
under Factories Act 1948. So our study will aim
at studying the satisfaction level of the
employees.
3.2 OBJECTIVES OF RESEARCH
1. To review the welfare provisions extended to the
employees in Jyoti CNC, Rajoo engineering, steel
cast, Atul Auto & Amul industries.
2. To identify whether any relation exists between
welfare provisions & Employee satisfaction.
3.3 HYPOTHESIS
Hypothesis for studying the relationship
existence between welfare provisions &
Employee satisfaction.
Null Hypothesis (Ho): The welfare provision &
employee satisfaction are corelated. Alternate
Hypothesis (Ha): The welfare provisions &
employee satisfaction are unrelated. This

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JournalofBusinessManagement&SocialSciencesResearch(JBM&SSR)ISSNNo:23195614
Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
hypothesis is tested by considering each & every
welfare provisions individually.
Hypothesis for comparing satisfaction level
among all five companies due to welfare
provisions extended to employees.
Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance
difference in employee satisfaction among five
companies. Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is
significance difference in employee satisfaction
among five companies. This hypothesis is tested by
considering each & every welfare provisions
individually.
3.4 RESEARCH DESIGN
For research we select the entire Engineering
industry of Saurashtra region as population of our
study and select five engineering companies i.e.
Jyoti CNC, Rajoo Engineering, Steel Cast, Atul
Auto & Amul industries by judgmental sampling.
.

From the above five companies we select


sample size of 50 employees from each of the
company i.e. 250 as our total sample size of the
study by simple random sampling. The data is
collected using primary data collection tool
questionnaire.
TEST APPLICATION: In our study we use
Correlation & One Way ANNOVA for our
objective analysis. The test is conducted at 5%
level of significance.

4 DATA ANALYSIS &


INTERPRETATION
On the basis of data collected we got the following
outcome. Data chart of welfare provisions co-relate
with employee satisfaction of five companies as
below

Chart 2

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JournalofBusinessManagement&SocialSciencesResearch(JBM&SSR)ISSNNo:23195614
Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________

Chart 3

Chart 4

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JournalofBusinessManagement&SocialSciencesResearch(JBM&SSR)ISSNNo:23195614
Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________

Null Hypothesis (Ho): The Washing facility &


employee satisfaction are co related.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The Washing facility &
employee satisfaction are un - related

5 HYPOTHESIS TESTING
For identifying relation between the welfare
provisions & employee satisfaction by applying
Correlation Analysis for each welfare provisions.
1. For washing facility.
.
Table 1
Highly satisfied

Washing Facilities

Job Satisfaction

116

97

Satisfied

80

59

Moderate

35

67

Dissatisfied

14

21

Highly Dissatisfied

TOTAL

250

250

Washing Facilities

Washing Facilities

Job satisfaction

0.977678273

Job satisfaction
0.977678273
From the above table Variable X: washing facility
Variable Y: Job satisfaction
This Correlation table shows there is positive
relationship between washing facility & employee
satisfaction & the inferred value is 0.977.

So the null hypothesis gets accepted & hence


proved that the washing facility & employee
satisfaction are correlated.

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Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The Washing facility &
employee satisfaction are un - related.

2. Storing & drying Facility


Null Hypothesis (Ho): The Washing facility &
employee satisfaction are co related.
Table 2
Highly satisfied

Storing & Drying

Job Satisfaction

51

97

Satisfied

135

59

Moderate

58

67

Dissatisfied

21

Highly Dissatisfied

250

250

Storing & Drying

Job Satisfaction

Storing & Drying

0.558238634

Job Satisfaction

0.558238634

From the above table Variable X: storing & drying facility


Variable Y: Job satisfaction
This Correlation table shows there is positive
relationship between storing & drying facility &
employee satisfaction & the inferred value is 0.558.
So the null hypothesis gets accepted & hence
proved that the storing & drying facility &
employee satisfaction are correlated.

3. Sitting Arrangement during work


Null Hypothesis (Ho): The sitting arrangement
facility & employee satisfaction are co related.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The sitting arrangement
facility & employee satisfaction are un - related.
Table 3

Facility for sitting

Job Satisfaction

Highly satisfied

18

97

Satisfied

82

59

Moderate

143

67

Dissatisfied

21

Highly Dissatisfied

250

250

Facility for sitting

Job Satisfaction

Facility for sitting

0.423138985

Job Satisfaction

0.423138985

From the above table Variable X: sitting arrangement facility


Variable Y: Job satisfaction
This Correlation table shows there is positive
relationship between sitting arrangement facility &
employee satisfaction & the inferred value is 0.423.
So the null hypothesis gets accepted & hence
proved that the sitting arrangement facility &
employee satisfaction are correlated.

4. First Aid facility


Null Hypothesis (Ho): The First Aid facility &
employee satisfaction are co related.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The First Aid facility &
employee satisfaction are un - related.
Table 4

Highly satisfied

First Aid

Job Satisfaction

135

97

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Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
Satisfied

82

59

Moderate

22

67

Dissatisfied

21

Highly Dissatisfied

250

250
First Aid

Job Satisfaction

First Aid

0.848305

Job Satisfaction

0.848305

From the above table Variable X: first aid facility


Variable Y: Job satisfaction
This Correlation table shows there is positive
relationship between first aid facility & employee
satisfaction & the inferred value is 0.848. So the
null hypothesis gets accepted & hence proved that
the first aid facility & employee satisfaction are
correlated.

5. Canteen facility
Null Hypothesis (Ho): The canteen facility &
employee satisfaction are co related.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The canteen facility &
employee satisfaction are un - related.
Table 5

Highly satisfied

Canteen

Job Satisfaction

177

97

Satisfied

53

59

Moderate

15

67

Dissatisfied

21

Highly Dissatisfied

250

250
Canteen

Job Satisfaction

Canteen

0.822544

Job Satisfaction

0.822544

From the above table Variable X: canteen facility


Variable Y: Job satisfaction
This Correlation table shows there is positive
relationship between canteen facility & employee
satisfaction & the inferred value is 0.822. So the
null hypothesis gets accepted & hence proved that
the canteen & employee satisfaction are correlated.
6. Shelters, lunch room, restroom
For comparing the level of the employee
satisfaction among these five companies due to

welfare provisions by applying One Way Annova


test at 5% level of significance.
Null Hypothesis (Ho): The shelters, lunchroom,
restroom facility & employee satisfaction are co
related.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The shelters,
lunchroom, restroom facility & employee
satisfaction
are
un
related.
Table 6

Lunch room,restroom

Job Satisfaction

Highly satisfied

42

97

Satisfied

151

59

Moderate

40

67

Dissatisfied

14

21

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Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
Highly Dissatisfied

250

250

Lunch room,restroom

Job Satisfaction

Lunch room,restroom

0.403177506

Job Satisfaction

0.403177506

From the above table Variable X: shelters, lunchroom, and restroom facility
Variable Y: Job satisfaction
In our study none of the organization gets affected
This Correlation table shows there is positive
by this provision given under Factories Ac 1948
relationship between shelters, lunchroom, restroom
because of not having 30 or more than 30 women
facility & employee satisfaction & the inferred
employees.
value is 0.403. So the null hypothesis gets accepted
8. Welfare officer
& hence proved that the shelters, lunchroom,
Null Hypothesis (Ho): The welfare officer facility
restroom & employee satisfaction are correlated.
& employee satisfaction are co related.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): The welfare officer
7. Crches or baby care facility.
facility & employee satisfaction are un - related.
Table 7
Welfare Officer

Job Satisfaction

Highly satisfied

97

Satisfied

34

59

Moderate

171

67

Dissatisfied

39

21

Highly Dissatisfied

250

250

Welfare Officer

Job Satisfaction

Welfare Officer

0.204941685

Job Satisfaction

0.204941685

From the above table Variable X: welfare officer facility


Variable Y: Job satisfaction
Atul auto & Amul Industires due to welfare
provisions.
1. For washing facility.
Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
washing facility given by company.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
washing facility given by company.

This Correlation table shows there is positive


relationship between welfare officer facility &
employee satisfaction & the inferred value is 0.204.
So the null hypothesis gets accepted & hence
proved that the welfare officer & employee
satisfaction are correlated.
Comparing the level of the employee satisfaction
among Jyoti CNC, Rajoo engineering, Steel cast,
Table 8
Washing Facilities
Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

Highly satisfied

125

135

100

90

130

Satisfied

68

48

80

68

56

Moderate

15

18

24

27

21

Dissatisfied

10

Highly Dissatisfied

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Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
From the above test the calculated value which is
0.0020 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.So there is no

significance difference in the employee satisfaction


due to washing facility given by company.

Storing & drying Facility


Source of
SS
Variation

Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance


df

MS

Fc

Ft

0.0020

F(4,20)=2.87

Between

37.04

9.26

Within

91012.22

20

4550.61

Total

91049.26

24

Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance


difference in the employee satisfaction due to
storing & drying facility given by company.

difference in the employee satisfaction due to


storing & drying facility given by company.

Table 9
Storing & Drying
Highly satisfied

Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

50

80

25

30

70

Satisfied

108

76

144

116

96

Moderate

30

39

27

42

36

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

Source of Variation

SS

Df

MS

Fc

Ft

Between

16.96

4.24

0.0019

F(4,20)= 2.87

Within

43944.56

20

2197.22

Total

43961.52

24

From the above test the calculated value which is


0.0019 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.
So there is no significance difference in the
employee satisfaction due to storing & drying
facility given by company.
Sitting Arrangement during work

Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance


difference in the employee satisfaction due to
sitting arrangement facility given by company.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
sitting arrangement facility given by company.

Table 10
Facility for sitting
Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

Highly satisfied

15

25

15

15

20

Satisfied

60

68

56

64

80

Moderate

96

78

87

90

78

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

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Volume2,No.2,February2013
_________________________________________________________________________________
Source of Variation

SS

df

MS

Fc

Ft

Between

17.20

4.3

0.0027

F(4,20)= 2.87

Within

31106

20

1555.3

Total

31123.2

24

From the above test the calculated value which is


0.0027 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.
So there is no significance difference in the
employee satisfaction due to sitting arrangement
facility during work given by company.

2. First Aid facility


Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to first
aid facility given by company.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to first
aid
facility
given
by
company

.
Table 11
First Aid
Highly satisfied

Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

130

155

115

130

145

Satisfied

72

60

64

60

72

Moderate

15

12

18

15

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

Source of Variation

SS

Df

MS

Fc

Ft

Between

61.84

15.46

0.0045

F(4,20)= 2.87

Within

67536.23

20

3376.81

Total

67598.07

24

From the above test the calculated value which is


0.0045 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.
So there is no significance difference in the
employee satisfaction due to first aid facility given
by company.

3. Canteen facility
Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
canteen facility given by company.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
canteen facility given by company.

Table 12
Canteen
Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

Highly satisfied

200

180

145

195

165

Satisfied

24

40

68

24

56

Moderate

12

12

12

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

Source of Variation

SS

Df

MS

Fc

Ft

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Between

14.24

3.56

Within

116659.8

20

5832.99

Total

116674.04

24

From the above test the calculated value which is


0.0006 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.
So there is no significance difference in the
employee satisfaction due to canteen facility given
by company.
4. Shelters, lunch room, restroom

0.0006

F(4,20)= 2.87

Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance


difference in the employee satisfaction due to
shelter, restroom & lunchroom facility given by
company.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
shelter, restroom & lunchroom facility given by
company.

Table 13
Lunch room,restroom
Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

Highly satisfied

25

40

35

50

60

Satisfied

144

116

120

120

104

Moderate

18

30

27

18

27

Dissatisfied

Highly Dissatisfied

Source of Variation

SS

Df

MS

Fc

Ft

Between

9.2

2.3

0.0009

F(4,20)= 2.87

Within

49296

20

2464.8

Total

49305.2

24
because of not having 30 or more than 30 women
employees.
6. Welfare officer
Null Hypothesis (Ho): There is no significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
welfare officer facility given by company.
Alternate Hypothesis (Ha): There is significance
difference in the employee satisfaction due to
welfare officer facility given by company.

From the above test the calculated value which is


0.0009 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.
So there is no significance difference in the
employee satisfaction due to shelter, restroom &
lunchroom facility given by company
5. Crches or baby care facility.
In our study none of the organization gets affected
by this provision given under Factories Ac 1948

Table 14
Welfare Officer
Jyoti

Rajoo

Steel Cast

Atul

Amul

Highly satisfied

10

Satisfied

20

40

24

12

40

Moderate

108

87

90

129

99

Dissatisfied

14

18

28

10

Highly Dissatisfied

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Source of Variation

SS

Df

MS

Fc

Ft

Between

13.2

3.3

0.0017

F(4,20)= 2.87

Within

37461.27

20

1873.06

Total

37474.47

24

From the above test the calculated value which is


0.0017 is less than tabular value i.e. 2.87 so our
Null hypothesis gets accepted.
So there is no significance difference in the
employee satisfaction due to welfare officer facility
given by company

6. IMPLICATION OF STUDY
This study can be implied in any of the industry as
a tool for identifying the employee tendency &
belief towards the welfare provisions. One can
know the requirement of the workers in terms of
different non financial motivational tools by
implying this study. This study can be useful for
identifying the factors which leads to employee
satisfaction so that company can use those factors
as retention tool for retaining employees in the
organization.

7. LIMITATION OF STUDY
1. Few of the respondents hesitated to give the
correct information.
2. Few respondents hesitated to give opinion
against their management.
3. The period of the study was limited.
4. The validity of the study depends up on the
reliability of the primary data.
5. Due to the size of the organizations in the
Saurashtra region put curse on some welfare
provisions to be implemented which leads to
inconsideration in our study i.e. Having less than
30 no. of women employees leads to deduction of
the organization from following the provision of
giving Creches facility to women employees.

8.SCOPE OF FUTURE STUDY


This study can be used in future for analyzing the
welfare provisions & its impact on employee
satisfaction in different area as we had done in
engineering industry. This study also can be taken
as a reference for studying the other provisions of
the different acts as well as of same act like
provision for safety, health, etc. And can be studied
with reference to employee satisfaction.

9. FINDINGS & SUGESSTIONS


From our study of PROVISION OF WELFARE
UNDER FACTORIES ACT & ITS IMPACT ON

EMPLOYEE SATISFACTION we suggest that


the provisions provided to the employees in each
industry should always be made more beneficiary
for their welfare. So , for this each industry should
appoint the welfare officer who can take better care
for the welfare facility of the employees in an
industry. From our study we have found out that
the employees have positive attitude towards their
industry for the welfare provisions.

10. CONCLUSION
Our research study conclude in terms of proving
that the different welfare provisions provided to the
employees working in an organization under
Factories Act 1948 are having positive relation
with the employee satisfaction. In our study after
analyzing the Correlation between these two
factors gives the result. The reason behind this
result is that these are the factors that lead to
satisfaction & if they are not present can sometimes
lead to dissatisfaction i.e. on basis of Herzbergs
theory of motivation.
Study also gives the outcome on basis of the One
Way Annova test that the welfare provisions given
to employees in five companies i.e. Jyoti CNC,
Rajoo Engineering, Steel Cast, Atul auto & Amul
Industries dose not have significant difference in
the employee satisfaction level.
The reason behind the acceptance of hypothesis &
getting the above result is that the companies under
our study follows or provides more or less same
kind of the welfare provisions to their employees.
The companies who are giving the provisions to
their employees vary slightly. E.g. in canteen
provision variation is in terms of the rate at which
they provide food, the quality of food, test etc. In
the same manner the shelter, restroom &
lunchroom facility vary in terms of the location, its
ambiance etc.

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[2] Frieda Fuchs(2005). The Effects of Protective
Labor Legislation on Womens Wages and
Welfare: Lessons from Britain and France.

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