Contrapunto I

Conservatorio Nacional de Msica

Definiciones:
1. Llmese Contrapunto al arte de combinar simultneamente dos o ms
melodas diferentes, las que a su vez toman el nombre de partes reales
Torre Bertucci, Jos
Tratado de Contrapunto
Ricordi Americana. Buenos Aires MCMXLVII Pg. 5
2. El estudio del contrapunto es ante todo el estudio de la conduccin de las
voces. All donde haya conduccin de las voces, donde exista movimiento
y direccin de las voces al margen del estilo o perodo, existe contrapunto.
La opinin de que los estudios contrapuntsticos conducen nicamente al
entendimiento y a la escritura de polifona del Siglo XVI, o de invenciones,
cnones y fugas, es limitada y engaosa, e ignora completamente la
penetrante influencia del concepto contrapuntstico tan caracterstico de la
msica occidental tanto tonal como modal.
Salzer, Felix y Schachter, Carl
El Contrapunto en la Composicin
S.A Idea Books 1999, XVIII XIX
3. The chief objective of Counterpoint study, in the authors view, is to awaken
or sharpen in students a feeling for the contrapuntal element that is present
to some degree in virtually all music; to make them sensitive to the forces of
opposition and agreement, tension and relaxation direction, climax, and the
like, that operate whenever two or more voices are sounded
simultaneously.
Kent, Kennan
Counterpoint
Prentice Hall, Inc. U.S.A 1999
4. Le contrepoint est la science des lignes mlodiques et de leurs
superpositions. Il considre la musique sous son aspect horizontal.
Gallon, Nol et Bitsch, Marcel
Trait de Contrepoint
Durand S.A. Editions Musicales Paris, 1964

Maestro: Johnny Flores

Lima - 2016

Contrapunto I

Conservatorio Nacional de Msica

5. The word Counterpoint presumably originated in the beginning of the

fourteenth century and was derived from punctus contra punctum point
against point or note against note .
When we use this expression today, we had a much more concrete, well
defined concept than was had formerly. In the Middle Ages and a part of
modern times, counterpoint meant quite simply the same as polyphony.
Today, however we think of counterpoint as one particular style among other
polyphonic types.
Just as polyphony immediately suggests the contrasting idea, homophony,
so the term counterpoint calls to mind the correlative concept, harmony.
Knud, Jeppesen
Counterpoint The Polyphonic Vocal Style of the Sixteenth Century.
Nex York: Prentice Hall, Inc. Pg. 3
6. Nomine Contrapuncti composition intelligitur ad Artis Regulas elaborata
Fux, Joanne Josepho
Gradus ad Parnassum
Viennae Austria typis Petri Van Ghelen, Sac. Cae. Regia que Catholicae
Majestatis Aulae typographi, 1725 Pg.45
7. Counterpoint occurs when the composer places two or
simultaneously sounding related lines in opposition to each other.

more

Counterpoint occurs when listener perceives that two or more

simultaneously sounding lines display both a relationship and an opposition
to each other.
Green, Douglas M. and Jones, Evan
The Principles and Practice of Modal Counterpoint
First published 2011 by Routledge, New York Pg. 281, 282

Maestro: Johnny Flores

Lima - 2016

Contrapunto I

Conservatorio Nacional de Msica

8. Hablaremos de Contrapunto cuando las distintas lneas meldicas inter

actuantes sean reconocibles ms all de sus coincidencias verticales, las
cuales debern responder a las reglas tcitas de la armona, es decir del
manejo adecuado de consonancias y disonancias en los acordes que
resulten en cada momento (acordes que inevitablemente debern ser
consonantes con los puntos de apoyo, es decir con aquellos en que existe
acento mtrico). Cuando la verticalidad sea predominante por sobre la
sensacin de multiplicidad de lneas horizontales simultneas, hablaremos
de armona.
Aharonin, Corin
Introduccin a la Msica
2 edicin corregida y aumentada, 2002. Tacuab, Uruguay Pg.40
9. Contrapunctus itaque est moderatus ac rationabilis concentus per
positionem unius vocis contra aliam effectus. Diciturque contrapunctus a
contra et punctus, eo quod una nota contra aliam posita tanquam uno
puncto contra alium constituatur. Hinc omnis contrapunctus ex mixtura
vocum fit.
Quequidem mixtura aut dulciter auribus consonat, et sic est concordantia,
aut
aspere
dissonat,
et
tunc
est
discordantia.
Sed quoniam in contrapuncto principaliter concordantie precipiuntur,
discordantie vero interdum permittuntur, primo de illis ac postremo de istis
scribere decrevimus.
Tinctoris, Johannis
Liber de arte contrapuncti, Liber primus
Corpus scriptorum de msica, Opera theoretica, 1477
10. El contrapunto consiste en el manejo de lneas meldicas independientes
que se desarrollan de manera horizontal, pero que entre s forman
relaciones verticales, sean consonantes y/o disonantes.
Snchez Prez, Fernando

Maestro: Johnny Flores

Lima - 2016