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In this 21st century, electrical design has become more and more
dependent on accurate knowledge of materials, their properties and applications.
The important factors such as insulation and finishes can mean the success or
failure of an otherwise perfect electrical development. Moreover, insulation,
finishes and other chemical products are needed in large quantities in
formulation as exact as those made in small laboratory lots to put them into
actual production. Chemical engineers are required in the production of power
transformer.
The most important element found in transformer is copper wire, which
must be insulated from itself and from adjacent structures. The second major
component is the cellulosic insulation, used to separate metal conducting parts.
The cylinder, which is wounded by the wire is composed of continuously wound
paper, bound together by suitable impregnants and adhesives. Modifications of
the paper and adhesives resulting in a stronger cylinder. The third component of
the transformer is the insulating varnish, which provides both insulation and
mechanical strength. It is also used for the treatment of component parts and
assembled units. The chemical engineer must recognize the distinct properties of
each to make sure it fits the particular application. The fourth component is the
dielectric liquid used for insulating and cooling. This dielectric liquid must be
filtered before use to remove impurities and must also be entirely free of air.
Chemical engineers involve in the processing of assembled finished
transformers. Firstly, they wound the insulated wire on the cylinder. Some
windings will have poor mechanical and electrical strength. The low dielectric
strength is due to a lot of water present in the cellulose insulation. The water can
be removed by heating it under vacuum. Chemical engineers had improved this
process by using the vacuum bake tank. The whole process results in the
removal of all absorbed moisture with the appropriate shrinkage of the cellulosic
parts. The mechanical strength is improved by immersing the whole assembly
into suitable insulating varnishes. When final drying is complete, the unit is free
of both moisture and air, and the dielectric fluid is run into the treating tank to
completely immersed the coils. This provides a temporary barrier to the
absorption of water and allows the unit to be handled before dropping into their
own enclosures. In short, the application of chemical engineer principles to many
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for students. Writing and defending the thesis provides the students with the
skills necessary to undertake similar projects in their Masters Program or career
field.