CIGRE-Over Head Line Fault Locator

CIGRE
INDIA
Prashant Das
Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd
prashant.das@tauruspowertronics.com
www.tauruspowertronics.com
Transmission lines constitute more than 60% of asset of power

transmission.
They traverse an incredible range of kilometer in harsh
environments, climates and terrains.
Transmissio
n lines
In India many of the Transmission lines currently in service

were built in the 1960s and 70s and are subject to many
problems including ageing.
With growing demands, there is huge expectations from
transmission companies to keep the transmission line uptime
near to 100%.
Hence accurate fault location, health check / monitoring the
same is very much essential.
Prashant Das
Type of
common
faults in
overhead
Transmission
lines
All Types of Open & Short Category faults
Prashant Das
Overhead
Transmission
line fault
locator &
Analyzer
Pre-Commissioning Check of EHV Lines Continuity,

Phase Sequence, line length verification.
Ascertaining line healthiness before re-Charging.
For Preventive & Predictive Maintenance of
existing EHV Lines.
Restore the EHV lines ASAP to maintain UP TIME.
Prashant Das
Fault
Locator and
types of
fault locator
OVER HEADTRANSMISSIONLINE FAULT

LOCATOR (OHFL)
Online
Offline
Prashant Das
OHFL
Basic
Principals of
working
ONLINE-Systems works on the principal of power

system Parameters & Data is taken during stressed
breakdown condition and this data is in percentage
accuracy depending on the residual impedance of
the line.
OFFLINE-Systems works on the principal of Multiple
pulse Eco Co-relation technique & doesn't require
any input parameters for accurate fault finding.
Prashant Das
Online
method
some of its
limitations
Each Line require one dedicated

equipment.
It is not helpful for spur lines.
Open Circuit faults cant locate through
online systems.
Fault locating accuracy may vary in
percentage. (+/_ 10% or more)
Pre-Commissioning tests are not possible.
Prashant Das
Advanced high frequency multiple pulse

co-relation technique
Offline
method
How it works:
- High frequency Coded pulse sent in to
the powerline
- picks up different types of disturbance
and location
- Information Decoded
- Generates User Friendly Report and gives
complete vision of the line end to end
Prashant Das
Offline
methods
and its
advantages
It is accurate up to +/- 100Mtr.

One equipment is enough for whole sub station.
It can be used for Spur line fault locating.
Pre Commissioning tests are possible.
Offline system can identify the secondary faults
before re charging the line.
It can find out Open Circuit faults.
Does not require any complimentary system at other
end of the sub station.
It can Locate faults up to 2500KM.
Prashant Das
Offline
OHFL
Diagnostic
outputs
Fault Locator(Breakdown): For finding the faults at

accurate distance.
Line Signature Analysis: for understanding the
healthiness of the line.
Prashant Das
10
Overhead
transmission
line fault
locator
benefits
Apart from finding dead faults , useful for

predictive and preventive maintenancei) It can detect developing faults .
ii) It can detect nature of the fault(Open/Short)
iii) It can indicate severity of the fault (Level of the
Faults).
Less time to find faults and its location.

Healthiness check up for the entire line .
Prashant Das
11
Case
Studies
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
All jumpers not through in Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related problems
High frequency effects on transmission lines
Prashant Das
12
CASE STUDIES
SHORT CIRCUIT FAULT at 112 KM
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
All jumpers not through in
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related problems
High frequency effects on
transmission lines
Prashant Das
13
CASE
STUDIES
Decapping Fault at 69 Km in B Phase
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
Decapping
Fault
14
CASE
STUDIES
ALL JUMPERS NOT THROUGH AT 55 KM
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
All jumpers not through
in Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
15
CASE
STUDIES
Corona due to loose jumper
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
16
CASE
STUDIES
SIGNATURE AFTER THROUGH JUMPER
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
17
CASE
STUDIES
Flashover insulator at 5.8 and 5.3 KM
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
18
CASE
STUDIES
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
19
CASE
STUDIES
Trees very close to Transmission Line in B-phase
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
20
CASE
STUDIES
After Removal of trees
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
21
CASE
STUDIES
Line Signature Analyser could identify the stress of the line
caused by high frequency noise flowing on the surface of
insulators and flashover.
Line Signature Analyser printout with and without filters

reveal the presence of several kVs of high frequency noise
and really a cause for flash over of insulators
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
The noise was later found due to parallel HVDC lines and
Quad line
thyristor switching action
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
22
CASE
STUDIES
Annexure A without filter

Padghe BBLR gain 1 without filter-Lots of noise
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
23
CASE
STUDIES
Annexure B with HVDC filter

Padghe BBLR Gain1 No noise observed
Short circuit Fault

De-capping
Quad line
Leaky Insulators
Clearance related
problems
transmission
lines
Prashant Das
24
CASE
STUDIES
OFFLINE
OVERHEAD
LINE FAULT
LOCATOR
Case Studies of 25 lines taken in a Transmission ZONE during 2011-2012 . Statistics are based on the OnM internal
record maintained for 365 days
With
Ideally
Time
Without OHFL
No. Of
Time taken
Average
with
taken to
Tota
OHFL time time
Lines in
Total
to find
Line
No. of
OHFL OHFL
find
OHFL
l EXTRA
taken to taken to the Zone
Trippi
fault in
Lengths in
Tripping
time used
fault
not
time HOUR
rectify the rectify
(Total
ngs in
HRS
KMs
in a
would
at
with
used
take S
fault in a fault in a Sample 25
a Year
without
Year/Line
have
OHFL in
n
line (Hrs)
line
lines)
OHFL (Hrs)
taken
( Hrs)
(Hrs)
0 to 150
KMs
15
19
57
171
hrs
30
places
90
hrs
27
places
405
hrs
495 324
hrs hrs
150 to
250 Kms
19
32
hrs
5
Places
20
hrs
3
Places
95
hrs
115
hrs
83
hrs
250 to
350 Kms
23
16
hrs
1
places
4
hrs
1
place
23
hrs
27
hrs
11
hrs
Prashant Das
25
Case
Studies
Case Studies of 73 new lines in a Utility Transmission company in India

No. of lines
No.of Lines signature successfully charged
test was done
after Signature
Analyzer
KV of the line
No.of Lines
No of Tripping
Without Line
Signature test
OFFLINE OHFL
132KV
Line
Signature
220KV
20
11
400KV
40
16
14
14
765KV
Prashant Das
26
Important
parameterswhile
choosing an
overheadtransmis
sion line fault
Equipment should be Portable & Battery operated.

Induction Voltage Suppression capability.
Auto Impedance matching facility for the kit to be
used in any EHV Lines.
Instrument should be EMI/EMC Compliance.
locator
Prashant Das
27
PAPER
Presented by
POWERGRID IN CBIP
INTERNATIONAL
CONFERENCE
Using Offline Fault

Locator
TO DIAGNOSE THE
TRANSMISSION LINE
Prashant Das
28
29
Thank
you for
your
attendan
ce
For more information Write to :

PRASHANT DAS
+91 9766355355
Prashant Das
30

CIGRE-Over Head Line Fault Locator

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CIGRE

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Transmission lines constitute more than 60% of asset of power

In India many of the Transmission lines currently in service

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

All Types of Open & Short Category faults

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Pre-Commissioning Check of EHV Lines Continuity,

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

OVER HEADTRANSMISSIONLINE FAULT

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

ONLINE-Systems works on the principal of power

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Each Line require one dedicated

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Advanced high frequency multiple pulse

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

It is accurate up to +/- 100Mtr.

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Fault Locator(Breakdown): For finding the faults at

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Apart from finding dead faults , useful for

Less time to find faults and its location.

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

SHORT CIRCUIT FAULT at 112 KM

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Decapping Fault at 69 Km in B Phase

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

ALL JUMPERS NOT THROUGH AT 55 KM

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Corona due to loose jumper

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

SIGNATURE AFTER THROUGH JUMPER

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Flashover insulator at 5.8 and 5.3 KM

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Trees very close to Transmission Line in B-phase

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

After Removal of trees

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Line Signature Analyser printout with and without filters

Short circuit Fault

Annexure A without filter

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Annexure B with HVDC filter

Short circuit Fault

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Case Studies of 73 new lines in a Utility Transmission company in India

Tauruspowertronics Pvt. Ltd

Equipment should be Portable & Battery operated.