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Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
Tutorial Conventions
To make this tutorial easy to use, the following conventions will be employed. For the command conventions, the item (or
an example of one) that you need to perform is noted in bold on the left. To the right of the item is a short description of the
action and/or results of the action.
User Input Notation Conventions
Type "algframe" using the keyboard. Text that you need to type is noted in bold type using a Courier
font.
algframe
<Esc>
Press the <Esc> key (or choose "Esc" from the current menu if using Superview). Some of the other
keys expressed in this manner are <Enter>, <Tab> and the function keys, for example <F9>.
<Ctrl>-c
Press <Ctrl> and the letter "c" simultaneously. Keys to be pressed at the same time are shown with a
hyphen between them.
"Enclose"
Choose the "Enclose" option. The names of pop-up menus, options and buttons are enclosed in
quotation marks and shown as they are on the screen.
"Selection:
Shape:Point"
Access the SELECTION pull-down menu and choose the "Shape" option. Then, from the cascading
menu, choose "Point". Commands in sequences are separated by colons.
Mouse
Use the mouse to click on the specified location. ALGOR software is designed for a two-button
mouse. Where "click" or "left click" is used, you should press the left mouse button. "Right click"
means you should press the right mouse button. If you have a three-button mouse, you will not use
your middle button for ALGOR software.
In the tables throughout this tutorial, input instructions for using toolbars and pull-down menus are in the two left columns.
Descriptions or more detailed instructions are given in the right column. For example:
Selection
filename.doc
\model directory
Directory names may appear in Courier type and be followed by the term "directory". (The
directory where all your ALGOR software is stored is usually referred to as the installation
directory.)
FILE menu
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
Superdraw III- ALGOR's single user interface for FEA and finite element model-building tool provides a CADlike environment in which engineers can design piping systems and then transfer them directly into PipePak,
enabling you to design pipe systems faster.
PipePak - a highly accurate piping analysis system, which complies with well-known piping codes worldwide
including:
ASME B31.1 power piping code
ASME Section III Class 2 and Class 3 component piping code
ASME B31.3 chemical plant and petroleum refinery piping code
ASME B31.4 liquid transportation piping code
ASME B31.8 gas transmission and distribution piping code
British Standard BS806 piping code
PipeView a visualization package, which enables you to view graphically the shape of the piping system and
display various properties and results.
HTML Report Wizard - PipePak enables engineers to view graphical results and create tabular reports with an
HTML report wizard. The Report Wizard creates formatted, fully customizable reports that can include specified
graphics and be displayed using any web browser.
Piping Import Extender - provides the capability to import files from CADPIPE, Intergraph PDS (Plant Design
System) and CAESAR II.
For more information about PipePak, refer to the PipePak User's Guide, which can be accessed from the initial PipePak
screen.
To complete the tutorial, you will perform the following steps:
I. Setting up the Model Create the piping system geometry using the PipePak spreadsheet and add finite element
properties. Visually check the model for errors using PipeView.
II. Analyzing the Model Perform a linear static stress analysis of the model with modal analysis included using the
PipePak analyzer.
III. Reviewing the Results View the displacements, stresses, mode shapes and natural frequencies graphically using
PipeView. Create and view HTML reports using the Report Wizard. Reanalyze the model using a time history
analysis and examine the results.
Two appendices describe other ways to build a piping system model and bring it into PipePak:
Appendix A Shows how to create the piping system in Superdraw III including adding FEA piping objects.
Describes how to add finite element properties in the "Superdraw III to PipePak" interface and transfer the model to
PipePak.
Appendix B Shows how to import the piping system into Superdraw III from a supplied .dxf file (pipe_dxf.dxf),
use the "Superdraw III to PipePak" interface and transfer the model to PipePak.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Save As"
command. The "Save As" screen will appear.
In the "Save in:" drop-down box, navigate to the directory
location on your computer in which the file will be saved, such as
c:\tutorial.
In the "File name:" field, type a name for the model, such as
pipe1. See Figure 4.
Press the "Save" button to accept the filename and close the
"Save As" screen.
Mouse
pipe1
"Save"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
"OK"
"Tools: Options: Check Mode:
Normal"
"Tools: Options: Input Mode:
Relative"
"Tools: Options: Orientation: Y up"
Accept the default input unit system data by pressing the "OK"
button.
Access the TOOLS pull-down menu and select the "Modify
Units" pull-out menu. Select the "Output Units" command.
The "Unit Selection Wizard" will appear. Confirm that the
"Unit system" field shows "English" as the chosen unit system.
Press the "OK" button.
Access the TOOLS pull-down menu and select the "Options"
pull-out menu. Select the "Check Mode" pull-out menu and
select the "Normal" command.
Access the TOOLS pull-down menu and select the "Options"
pull-out menu. Select the "Input Mode" pull-out menu and
select the "Relative" command.
Access the TOOLS pull-down menu and select the "Options"
pull-out menu. Select the "Orientation" pull-out menu and select
the "Y up" command.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
12 <Enter>
Type "12" in the first row of the "Pipe" column. (The identifier
"12" was chosen because this will be a 12-inch diameter pipe.
Any alphanumeric string of up to three characters may be used for
the identifier.) The "Pipe Definition" table will appear.
Select the "12 NPS: 300 - DN" option in the "Pipe Identifier"
drop-down box in the "Pipe Definition" screen in the lower left
corner. See Figure 6.
Type "cs" in the first row of the "Material" column , and press
<Enter>. The "Material Information" and "User Defined
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Figure 9: Completed Material Information and User Defined Allowable Stress Data Tables
Enter pipe loading information.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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150 <Enter>
Type "150" in the first row of the "Load" column and press
<Enter>. The "Pressure / Temperature Load Data" table will
appear in the lower left corner.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Enter information about piping components such as supports in the "Data" columns.
Mouse
"Anchor"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Define point 3.
3
5
Mouse
"Anchor"
Define point 4.
4
1
L
Define point 5.
5
-2.5
2.5
L
Define point 6.
6
1.5
Define point 7.
7
3.5
Define point 8.
8
3.5
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Define point 9.
Type "9" in the tenth row of the "Point" column.
Type "2.5" in the tenth row of the "Z" column to indicate an
offset of 2.5 feet in the Z direction.
Type "S" in the tenth row of the "Bend" column.
9
2.5
S
Define point 10.
10
2.5
S
Define point 11.
11
2.5
Mouse
"Anchor"
Review the model graphically to see how it looks at this intermediate stage.
"Results: View Contours"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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8 <Enter>
"8 - NPS: 200 - DN"
2.0
2.2
1.0
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Mouse
"Reducer"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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18
5.5
S
Define point 19.
19
-2.5
Mouse
"Anchor"
Review the model graphically.
"Results: View Contours"
Because the branches at point 6 are identical to branches to be defined at points 7 and 8, you will copy the branches at point
6 to define the additional branches. Copying will save time and prevent potential mistakes in data entry.
First, copy data from rows 13-17 to after row 22.
Mouse
Mouse
"Copy"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Mouse
Mouse
"Paste"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Mouse
"Copy"
Mouse
Mouse
"Paste"
Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Save" command
to save the model as the PipePak database file named pipe1.dbs.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display" pullout menu. Select the "Show Dimensions" command.
Dimensioning symbols will appear in the display area, correlating
to the spreadsheet information. Errors can be easily identified.
Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display" pullout menu. Select the "Show Dimensions" command again to
toggle off the dimensions.
Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display" pullout menu. Select the "Show Point Names" command. The name
of each point will be displayed.
Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display" pullout menu. Select the "Show Point Names" command again to
toggle off the dimensions.
Check each option in the INPUTS pull-down menu to see how PipeView enables easy checking of piping parameters
graphically.
"Inputs: Schedule"
"Inputs: Wall Thickness"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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"Inputs: Material"
"Inputs: Temperature"
"Inputs: Pressure"
Redisplay the model as it was before using the ANALYSIS pull-down menu.
"Analysis: No Results"
Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Exit" command
to close PipeView.
Check the model for geometric or stiffness problems by using the "Analysis: Check Model" command.
"Analysis: Check Model"
"OK"
"OK"
"OK"
"OK"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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"OK"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Use PipeView to examine the deflections in the model for the various load combinations.
"Analysis: Displacement:
Displacement"
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Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display" pullout menu. Select the "Show Point Names" command. The name
of each point will be displayed.
Click on the section of pipe that is between points 1 and 2 (see
Figure 18). The model tree will expand to list the pipes of the
model. Pipe 1 will be highlighted.
"Close"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display" pullout menu. Select the "Show Point Names" command to toggle
off the display of point names.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Save Image
As" command. The "Save image as" screen will appear.
Type "pipe1" in the "File name:" field.
In the "Save In" drop-down box, specify the directory location in
which you want to save the image file.
Press the "Save" button. The model display will be saved as a
file named pipe1.bmp. Later, you will use the Report Wizard to
insert this image into an HTML report.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Exit" command.
PipeView will close and you will return to the PipePak
spreadsheet.
2. Examining Analysis Results in Tabular Report Format with the PipePak HTML Report Wizard
Next, you will create and view tabular reports of the analysis results using the PipePak HTML Report Wizard.
Viewing a Report on Complete Input Data
View a report on all of the model information that was entered for analysis.
"Results: Report Wizard"
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By default, all options are active (indicated by a checkmark in the box to the left). Deactivate all items except for "Input
(Full)".
Mouse
Mouse
Press the "Next" button to advance to the "Step 2" screen. You
will use the default settings on this screen.
Press the "Next" button to advance to the "Step 3" screen. You
will use the default settings on this screen.
Press the "Finish" button to accept the specified data and create
the report.
Your web browser will start up and the HTML report will be displayed as shown in Figure 24.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Use the scroll bar at the right side of the display area to move
through the report.
When finished viewing the report, close the web browser by
pressing the "X" button at the right side of the title bar.
Mouse
Mouse
Viewing a Report on Analysis Results
View a report on the static analysis results.
"Results: Report Wizard"
Mouse
Mouse
"Next"
Mouse
"Add Entry"
3-D System <Tab>
Stresses on Piping System
"Browse"
"pipe1.bmp"
"Open"
"OK"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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"Next"
Press the "Next" button to advance to the "Step 3" screen of the
Report Wizard.
Press the "Finish" to accept the specified data and create the
report.
"Finish"
Your web browser will start up and the HTML report will be displayed.
Move through the report to examine its contents. Notice the
bitmap image displayed in the appendix. .
When finished viewing the report, close the web browser by
pressing the "X" button at the right side of the title bar.
Mouse
Mouse
Performing a Time History Analysis
After examining the results of the static stress analysis, now you will perform a time history analysis of the model. Time
history analysis basically involves setting up an input forcing function (or many input forcing functions) and defining the
time-step (delta t) for the analysis.
"Load: History"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Press the "OK" button to accept the values and close the "Time
Function Data" entry screen.
Press the "OK" button to accept the entered data and close the
"Define Time History" data entry screen.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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1.00
"OK"
Make sure that modal analysis will not be included with the time history analysis.
"Tools: Options: Include Modal
Analysis"
"OK"
"OK"
"OK"
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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"OK"
Because the model is simple, the analysis might take only a few seconds. The "PipePak Analysis" screen will appear and
will display status messages during the analysis.
"OK"
Figure 29: Stress Ratios for the Time History Load Case
"File: Exit"
Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Exit" command
to close PipeView. You will return to the PipePak spreadsheet.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Examining Analysis Results in Tabular Report Format with the PipePak HTML Report Wizard
Next, you will create and view tabular reports of the time history analysis results using the PipePak HTML Report Wizard.
"Results: Report Wizard"
Mouse
"Next"
"Remove Entry"
Mouse
"Next"
"Finish"
Mouse
Mouse
Congratulations! You have completed the Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Setting Parameters
"Tools: Model Data Control"
"Units"
"OK"
Mouse
pipesd3
"Save"
"English (ft)"
"OK"
"Close"
"Options: Input Relation"
"Use Relative"
"Done"
"View: Display Switches"
"Display Endpoint as X"
"Done"
Access the TOOLS pull-down menu and select the "Model Data
Control" command.
Press the "Units" button in the "FEA Model" section of the
"Model Data Control" window.
Press the "OK" button to close the "NOTE" screen.
Use the mouse to navigate to the proper location in the "Save in:"
field.
Type "pipesd3" in the "File name:" field.
Press the "Save" button to save the model.
Select the "English (ft)" in the "Unit System" drop-down box.
Press the "OK" button to accept the specified units and close the
screen.
Press the "Close" button in the "Model Data Control" screen.
Access the OPTIONS pull-down menu and select the "Input
Relation" command.
Activate the "Use Relative" checkbox to specify relative input
mode.
Press the "Done" button to close the "Relation" screen.
Access the VIEW pull-down menu and select the "Display
Switches" command.
Activate the "Display Endpoint as X" checkbox to display the
endpoints of lines as X.
Press the "Done" button.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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"Modify: Delete"
Modifying Group, Layer and Surface Numbers for Convenient Data Input
Piping data will not be assigned to the model in Superdraw III; rather, it would be assigned later in the "Superdraw III to
PipePak Interface". However, because piping data is related to groups, layers and surfaces portions of the model, it may be
convenient to modify the group, layer and surface numbers for portions of the model in Superdraw III.
On your own, you can use the features of the SELECT pull-down menu to select a portion of the model, and then assign it to
a group/layer/surface number with the "Modify: Update Object Parameters" command.
Another way to assign portions of the model to group/layer/surface numbers is to change the entity number first, so that
everything drawn afterwards is applied to that entity number. For example, click on the "L=" button in the status bar and
specify a layer number. Anything drawn afterwards is assigned to that layer. Use the "Tools:Layer Control" command
to display the model according to layer number.
The following table summarizes piping data that is related to groups, layers and surfaces.
Table A1: Input Data for the Piping System
Groups
Layers
Surfaces
Pipe - Material
- Material allowable stresses at temperatures
Pipe - Size
- Schedule
- Corrosion allowance
- Insulation thickness
- Insulation density
- Content specific gravity
Pressure and/or temperature loading on the piping system
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Access the FEA ADD pull-down menu and select the "PipePak
Analysis" pull-out menu. Select the "Anchor" command.
Press the "Values" button. The cursor will go to the dialog bar
where stiffness and displacements for the anchor can be specified.
By default, the anchor is fully fixed in rotation and translation.
Press <Enter> to accept the default settings.
Click on the upper left node of the model.
Click on the lower right node of the model.
Press the "Done" button to close the "Anchor" screen.
Access the FEA ADD pull-down menu and select the "PipePak
Analysis" pull-out menu. Select the "Tee" command.
Click on the X where the two branches meet.
Press the "Done" button.
Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Export" pullout menu. Select the "PipePak Piping System" command.
A screen will appear asking if you want to save current work.
Press the "Yes" button to save the model and close the window.
The "Superdraw III to PipePak Interface" screen will open. You can use this interface to enter data for the piping system
model.
"Edit: Pipe(Layer)"
<Esc>
"Edit: Material(Group)"
<Esc>
"Edit: Load(Surface)"
<Esc>
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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PipePak will start up and display the spreadsheet data for the transferred model.
Define the nominal pipe diameter.
1 <Enter>
"12.000"
" STD"
Type "1" in the first row of the "Pipe" column and press <Enter>.
The "Pipe Definition" table will appear.
Select the "12.000" option in the "Nominal Diam" drop-down
box.
In the "Schedule" pull-down menu, select the "STD" option.
Type "cs" in the first row of the "Material" column and press
<Enter>. The "Material and Allowable Data" table will
appear.
Select the "Low C.S. A106B (Carbon content below .30%)"
option in the "Material Name" drop-down box.
Type "1" in the first row of the "Load" column and press <Enter>.
The "Load Data" table will appear.
Press <Enter> to accept the default values for the pipe loading.
Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Piping Design & Analysis Tutorial, Revision 19.000printed locally from files supplied electronically.
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Appendix B. Importing a .dxf File into Superdraw III and Transferring to PipePak
The same 3-D piping system that was created in the main body of this tutorial using the PipePak spreadsheet can also be
created using a CAD wireframe model imported to Superdraw III as a .dxf file.
This appendix provides a brief description of the steps you would perform to import a representative portion of the piping
system into Superdraw III from a supplied .dxf file and then transfer the model to PipePak.
To perform the demonstration outlined in this appendix, you must have a pipe_dxf.dxf file in the ALGOR\Tutorials
directory. (This appendix shows the location of the file as the c:\tutorial directory. You can choose to copy the file to
this location if you prefer.)
Once the pipe_dxf.dxf file is in place, you are ready to begin.
Importing the .dxf file into Superdraw III
"Start: Programs: ALGOR V19:
FEMPRO"
"Cancel"
"Tools: Transfer to Superdraw III"
"File: Import:
CAD Wireframe Model"
Mouse
pipe_dxf.dxf
"Open"
"View: Pre-Defined Views: Isometric"
"View: Enclose"
Specify a units system in Superdraw III before transferring the model to PipePak.
"Tools:Model Data Control"
"Units"
"English (ft)"
"OK"
Access the TOOLS pull-down menu and select the "Model Data
Control" command.
Press the "Units" button in the "FEA Model" section of the
"Model Data Control" screen.
Select the "English (ft)" option in the "Unit System" drop-down
box.
Press the "OK" button.
Transferring to PipePak
"File: Export:
PipePak Piping System"
Access the FILE pull-down menu and select the "Export" pullout menu. Select the "PipePak Piping System" command.
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PipePak will start up and display the spreadsheet data for the transferred model.
Define the nominal pipe diameter.
1 <Enter>
"12.000"
" STD"
Type "1" in the first row of the "Pipe" column and press <Enter>.
The "Pipe Definition" table will appear.
Select the "12.000" option in the "Nominal Diam" drop-down
box.
In the "Schedule" pull-down menu, select the "STD" option.
Type "cs" in the first row of the "Material" column and press
<Enter>. The "Material and Allowable Data" table will
appear.
Select the "Low C.S. A106B (Carbon content below .30%)"
option in the "Material Name" drop-down box.
Type "1" in the first row of the "Load" column and press <Enter>.
The "Load Data" table will appear.
Press <Enter> to accept the default values for the pipe loading.
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