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Figure 0
Working methods
Next, I wish to prove that GDC and MCN are similar. We have that the
angles ADC and DCB are right angles. Also, the angle CMN is a right angle.
This means MCN and CNM add up to 90.
Then, since DCB is a right angle, it means that MCN and DCG add up to 90.
Therefore, DCG = CNM.
Respectively, we have that DGC = MCN. Therefore, GDC and MCN are
similar.
After proving GDC and MCN are similar, I wish to prove that CK is equal to
CB. Consider BO1KC. Since O1K and O1B are both the radii of the semicircle,
they are equal in length. Also, we have that O1BC is 90 because it is an
angle of a square and O1KC is 90 because KC is tangent to the semicircle
AB; O1KC = O1BC.
Now that we have CK = 10. I wish to find the length of KG.
Consider the quadrilateral O1AGK. Both O1A and O1K are radii of the
semicircle and therefore have the same value; 5. We also see that the angle
O1AG is 90 because it is an angle of a square and O1KG is 90 since K is the
point of tangency of CG and the semicircle. We shall express the length KG
using .
We shall now consider the triangle GDC. Using the knowledge of the
Pythagorean Theorem, the relationship between the lengths of the three
sides of the triangle can be expressed by:
H2 =
A2 + O2
where, given an angle , H is the hypotenuse side, A the adjacent side and O
the opposite side to the angle.
Now let us express the equation in terms of . We know that the hypotenuse
is the longest side, therefore we shall express it as 10+. The opposite is the
shortest side, therefore it is 10-. The adjacent side is a side of the square,
therefor it is 10. The second equation we have is:
1
a b sin ( c)
2
Since we know that the triangle GDC is similar to the triangle MCN, we can
now find the ratio of length between the two triangles by comparing the
shortest side of each triangle. The shortest side of GDC is 7.5 units while
the shortest side of MCN is 5 units. The ratio of length of GDC to MCN is
therefore
7.5
5 . As a final step, to obtain the ratio of areas, we have to
Conclusion
56.25
25
= 2.25
Works Cited
1. Boutin Chad. 2006. Rothman helps reveal intricacies of ancient math
phenomenon. Princeton University.
http://www.princeton.edu/main/news/archive/S15/04/04O77/index.xml?
section=topstories Web. Accessed 1st April 2016.
2. Bogomolny. Alexander. Another Sangaku in Square from Interactive
Mathematics Miscellany and Puzzles. Cut-the-Knot. http://www.cut-theknot.org/pythagoras/SangakuInSquare3.shtml#solution Accessed 2nd
April 2016