Chapter 2: Cell as Unit of Life

2.1 What is cell?

1. Cell is the basic unit of life.
2. Its function is to carry out life processes.
Cell

Protoplas
m

Nucleus

Animal Cell

Cell
membran
e

Cytoplas
m

Characteristic

Plant Cell

Irregular in shape
No cell wall
No Chloroplast
Mostly no vacuole

Shape
Cell Wall
Chloroplast
Vacuole

Regular in shape
Have cell wall
Have chloroplast
Have large vacuole

3. The function of cell structures:

Structure
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Cell membrane
Cell wall
Chloroplast
Vacuoles

Function
Controls all the cell activities
A place where chemical
processes takes place
Control flow of materials in
and out of the cell
Gives shape of the cell
Carry out photosynthesis
Stores water and dissolved
materials

4. A microscope is used to study the general structure of a cell.

2.2 Unicellular and Multicellular organism

1. Unicellular organism is an organism that has one cell only.
Pleurococcus

Amoeba

Chlamydomonas

Paramecium

Euglena

Yeast

2. Multicellular organism is an organism that has (more

than/many) one cell.
Chondrus

Hydra

Spirogyra

Org anis
Cell
m
Tis sue Org an Syste m
(s im ple )
(c omple
x)

2.3
Organism in Human Body
1. Organization of cell:
2. Example of cell:
Nerve cell

Red blood cell

Epithelial Cell

Bone cell

Cell

3. Tissue is a combination of cells that carry out specific

function.
4. Examples of tissue:
Connective tissue:

Muscle Tissue:

Nerve tissue:

Epithelial tissue:

5. Organ is combination of tissues joined in a structural

unit that carry out a common function.
6. Examples of organs:
Lungs:

Stomach:

Eye:

Kidney:

Tongue:

Brain:

7. System is a group of organ that work together to carry

out a particular task.
Cardiovascular system

Digestive system

Endocrine system

Integumentary system /
Exocrine system

Lymphatic system / Immune

system

Muscular system/ Skeletal

system

Nervous system

Urinary system

Reproductive system

Respiratory system

2.4
The
Human Being A Complex Organism
1. A human being is a complex multicellular organism
because the cells are organized into cells, tissue,
organs and systems.

2. Cell specialization helps to divide body functions

among the different types of cells.
3. Cell specialization and cell organization ensures the life
processes are carried out respectively.

Exercise 2
1. Explain cell.
2. Draw plant cell and animal cell.
3. Make a comparison of plant cell and animal cell.
4. Complete the table below:
Structure

Function
Controls all the cell activities

Cytoplasm
Control flow of materials in
and out of the cell
Gives shape of the cell
Chloroplast
Vacuoles
5.

Tis u
e

Re
d
6. Explain unicellular organism and multicellularbloorganism and
gives examples.
od
7. Complete below:
ce l

8. Draw and explain:

a) Nerve cell
b) Red blood cell
c) Epithelial cell
d) Bone cell
9. Define tissue
10.
Draw and explain:
a) Connective tissue:
b) Muscle Tissue
c) Nerve tissue
d) Epithelial tissue
11.
Define organ.
12.
Defin
e system.
13.
List
out all the system that present in human body including the
functions and organs involves.
14.
What is cell specialization?
15.
Draw
below and identify whether unicellular organism or
multicellular organism:
a) Pleurococcus
b) Amoeba
c) Chlamydomonas
d) Paramecium
e) Euglena
f) Yeast
g) Chondrus
h) Hydra
i) Spirogyra