-Behavior and MotivationHypothalamus and

The Limbic System

Sinan Canan, PhD
sinancanan@gmail.com

Hypothalamus

Midbrain (Diencephalon)
Homeostatic control centers
Thalamus relay station and sensory
integration
Hypothalamus
Hunger/Satiety
Thirst: Body osmolarity
Fight or flight response
Rage fear...
Control of biological rythms
Endocrine and ANS synchrony

Hypothalamus
Hypothalamus

Midbrain

Pons
Hypophysis

Hipotalamus
Oxytocin, water retention
Blood P; bladder
contraction
Neuroendocrine
control

ADH

Hunger
Blood P; mydriasis,
shivering

GIS uyarm
Satiety,
Neuroendocrine
control

Feeding reflexes

Hypothalamus
Paraventricular nucleus:
Oxytocin+ADH
Medial preoptic area:
Bladder contraction
Heart rate
Blood pressure#
Supraoptic nucleus:
ADH release
Posterior preoptic and anterior
hypothalamus:
Body temperature
Respiration
Sweating

Hypothalamus
Lateral hypothalamus:
Thirst and hunger; Rage!
Arcuate nuclei:
Dopamine, GHRH#
Periventricular area:
Neuroendocrine control
Mamillary body:
Recognition memory, feeding
reflexes
Ventromedial nucleus:
Satiety center, NE control
Perifornical area:
Hunger, Blood pressure , anger

Hypothalamus
Dorsomedial neucleus:
GIS Stimulation
Posterior hypothalamus:
Blood pressure
Pupil dilatation
Shivering
Suprachiasmatic nucleus:
Biological rhythms
Control of the pineal gland

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus Coronal Sections

Hypothalamus

Lateral Hypothalamus & Medial Forebrain

bundle
Hunger
Thirst
Emotional drive

Hypothalamus and Behavior

Lateral Hypothalamus
Rage-Euphoria-Fight
Ventromedial nucleus
Satiety-calmness
Periventricular area
Punishment-fear
Anterior-posterior hypothalamus
Sexual instincts

Hypothalamus and Behavior

Punishment-Reward System
Reward centers
Lateral hypothalamus
Ventromedial hypoth.
Secondary areas:
Septum
Amygdala
Thalamus
Basal ganglia basal tegmentum

Hypothalamus and Behavior

Punishment-Reward System
Punishment centers
Periventricular area*
Lateral hypothalamus*
Suppressing centers:
VM nucleus
Hippocampus
Anterior limbic cortex

Hypothalamus and Endocrine control

The Limbic System

The Limbic System

Limbus: Border, circle
Limbic system
Cingulate gyrus
emotions and
behavior; decision
Hippocampus
learning and memory;
navigation
Amygdala
emotions and emotinal
memory

The Limbic System

Limbic System
Cingulate gyrus
Hippocampus
Amygdala
Hypothalamus
Mamillary body
Septum
Orbitofrontal cortex.

The Limbic System

The Limbic System

The Limbic System - Hippocampus

Hippocampal formation
Hippocampus proper
(Cornu ammonis-CA)
Gyrus dentatus
Subiculum
Enthorhinal cortex
Fornix

The Limbic System - Hippocampus

Hippocampal formation
Paleocortex
Laminated structure
Learning and memory
Short-term memory
LTP!

The Limbic System - Hippocampus

CA2
CA1

CA3

Limbic System Hippocampus Papez Circuit

Limbic System Hippocampus Papez Circuit

Limbic System Amygdala

Amygdala

Coronal section

Amygdala

Limbic System Amygdala Fear&Phobias

Limbic System Amygdala

Feelings and motivation

Cooperative function of:

Hypothalamus, limbic system and cortex
Feelings: Pleasure, sexual arousal, anger and
fear; limited concious control hard to block"
Motivation: driving power ;
increases arousal; goal-directed behavioral
coordination

Kluver-Bucy Syndrome
Extensive damage in
limbic structure
Feeding disturbances
Hypersexuality
Oral focusing
Loss of fear
Submission
Dementia/aphasia/amnesia
Visual agnosia

Learning and memory circuits

Hippocampus
Frontal
cortex

Cortical
regions
Thalamus

Thats all for now...

"If the brain were simple

enough for us to understand
it, we would be too simple to
understand it."
Ken Hill

Questions?