Sunday, November 22, 2015

12:02 AM

First Aid training reading assignment

The following reading assignment has been developed to ensure you

have read and understand the content of the First Aid training manual.
It is suggested that you work in peer groups and go through the
questions together after having read the training manual.

1.
What are the three rescue phases? The scene, primary emergencies and
secondary emergences

2.
What is CIS? Critical Incident Stress. This is when reactions interfere with the
ability to function
during or after the emergency

3.

What is scene assessment? An overview of the emergency at the scene

4.
What letters make up the primary assessment and what do the stand for? ABC,
A-airway, B-breathing and C-circulation

5.
What is the recovery position and when would you use it? A stable position that
helps maintain an
open airway and allow fluid to drain in and out.

6.

What is a DNR order?

7.
How does the responder prevent contacting a disease or infecting the patient?
Using gloves, pocket
mask and face shield

8.
What is shock and how do we treat it? Shock is a depression of the bodys
circulatory system

9.
What does CPR stand for and what it the rate for all age groups? Cardio
pulmonary resuscitation
100/min
10.
Is it acceptable to move a patient? If so give examples of when and how? Yes,
walking assist, one
rescuer drag, pick-a-back carry, over one shoulder carry

11.
With CPR what is the age of an infant, child and adult?
above, Child- 1-8yrs, infant- birth to 1yr

Adult- 8yrs and

12.
What action is taken to assist a coughing obstructing teenager? 5 back hit and
5 chest compression

13.
With hyperventilation, is there too much or too little, oxygen or carbon dioxide,
from over
breathing? A lot of carbon dioxide

14.
Is it recommended that bystander help with an emergency? If so, how? Yes,
the bystander can call
ems while you offer the first aid or the bystander can take over when tired

15.
What is the difference between Angina and a Heart Attack? Angina is caused
by poor blood
circulation to the heart. Heart attack is
caused when vessels carrying blood and oxygen to the heart is blocked

16.
Where does a stroke occur and what is the cause(s)? If the symptoms
disappear (less than 20 minutes), what is it called? It is caused when the brain does
not receive enough blood and oxygen due to internal bleeding or blocked arteries.
Transient Ischemic Attack (TIA)

17.
With an obstructed conscious infant, how is the object dislodged? % back
blows and % chest compressions

18.
With a non-breathing person, breathing in exhaled air is not as effective as
breathing in room air. What is the difference? Exhaled air contain less oxygen than
room air

19.
What are the causes of a seizure? when there is a large discharge of
unorganized electrical impulses from the brain

20.
What are the 5 rights? Right medicine, right amount on the right person, right
time and right method.

21.
What is the name of severe allergic reaction and how is it treated?
Anaphylaxis. Use an antidote kit such bas auto-injector

22.
What are the three parts of the Secondary Assessment? Check for vital signs,
perform a head-to-toe examination and record relevant history-victim and incident

23.
What does Insulin do? When and how do people take it? Do first aiders
administer it? Helps to convert sugar into glycogen. Through injection. no

24.
Major, life-threatening bleeding is when the body loses 1/3 of its blood volume
or the patient has significant arterial bleeding. How much body does the body hold?
4-6 liters of blood

25.
What causes fainting? loss of consciousness due to a sudden but temporary
reduction in the flow of blood to the brain

26.
What are the two types of external bleeding and what do we use on a wound
to clean it? Venous and arterial bleeding running water and dressing

27.
With spinal injuries, when is it necessary to move the victim? to open the
airway or to move the victim to a save place

28.
What is the difference between a bandage and a dressing? Dressing soak the
blood while bandage maintain direct pressure

29.
Why do we use reef knots? They lie flat for comfort, dont slip and are easy to
untie

30.

What are the areas of the spinal column? neck, upper and lower

31.

How is a nosebleed treated? Pinch nose and hold for about 20min

32.

When is a tetanus infection more likely? Animal bites

33.
What is a sucking chest wound and how is it treated? When the chest wall is
punctured leaving a hole in the chest cavity. Place a seal over the wound leaving one
edge of the seal opened to allow air to pass through

34.
For someone to be considered hypothermic, what part of the body must be
affected? What are the three types of hypothermia? The whole body. Mid, moderate
and severe

35.
What is frostbite and how is it treated? Frozen parts of a body. By warming the
frozen parts

36.
What is the difference between a fracture, dislocation, sprain and
strain? Fracture is broken bone while dislocation is the removal of the bone from its
original location. Sprain is overstretching of the ligaments while strain is the
overstretching of the muscle

37.
What are the four types of poisoning? How do you get advice on providing
assistance? Ingested, injected, inhaled and contact. Contact the Poison Information
Centre

38.
What is the difference between heat cramps, heat exhaustion and heat stroke?
Heat cramps is caused by excess heat, heat exhaustion is by sustained heat or
sweating and heat stroke is caused by the inability of a body to regulate its
temperature

39.

What does AED stand for? Automatic External Defibrillator

40.

Where are the electrode pads or patches placed? The chest

41.

What does RICE stand for? Rest, Ice, Compression and Elevation

42.
List the causes of burns and describe the degrees of burn? Heat, cold,
chemical, electricity and radiation. Depth, amount of burned body surface, part
burned, age and condition of victim

43.
If the person is in cardiac arrest, will a shock always be administered by the
AED? no

44.

What rhythms does an AED shock or defibrillate? Normal rhythm of the heart

45.
What other considerations could affect or interfere with the application of an
AED? Water, victim under age 8, hairy chest

46.
What is the device inserted to prevent the tongue from blocking the airway?
oropharyngeal

47.
What is triage and give an example of when and how it would be used? When
deciding who to give treatment to first due to insufficient medical resources. Car
accident. By giving patients in most need first

48.
After a shock is administered what must be done immediately? CPR must be
given

49.
Oxygen can be administered at what liter flow when using a inhalation or
simple face mask (patient is breathing effectively)? At what liter flow when breathing
into the patient with a ventilation or pocket mask? 10-15 l/min

50.

How many pounds in a full oxygen tank? 2000 or 2200 pounds

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