W-CDMA Powercontrol

Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Power Control .............................................................................................................. 1-1

1.1 Summary of Updates ......................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Introduction ........................................................................................................................ 1-1
1.2.1 Definition ................................................................................................................. 1-1
1.2.2 Purpose ................................................................................................................... 1-2
1.2.3 Terms and Abbreviations ........................................................................................ 1-2
1.3 Availability .......................................................................................................................... 1-3
1.3.1 Involved Network Element ...................................................................................... 1-3
1.3.2 Software Release .................................................................................................... 1-4
1.3.3 Miscellaneous.......................................................................................................... 1-4
1.4 Impact ................................................................................................................................ 1-4
1.4.1 On System Performance ......................................................................................... 1-4
1.4.2 On Other Features .................................................................................................. 1-4
1.5 Restrictions ........................................................................................................................ 1-4
1.6 Technical Description ........................................................................................................ 1-5
1.6.1 Power Control Configuration Model ........................................................................ 1-5
1.6.2 Open-Loop Power Control ...................................................................................... 1-8
1.6.3 Inner-Loop Power Control ..................................................................................... 1-38
1.6.4 Outer-Loop Power Control .................................................................................... 1-48
1.6.5 Downlink Power Balance ...................................................................................... 1-57
1.7 Capabilities ...................................................................................................................... 1-61
1.8 Implementation ................................................................................................................ 1-61
1.8.1 Enabling Power Control ........................................................................................ 1-61
1.8.2 Reconfiguring Power Control Parameters ............................................................ 1-61
1.8.3 Disabling Power Control........................................................................................ 1-63
1.9 Maintenance Information ................................................................................................. 1-63
1.9.1 Alarms ................................................................................................................... 1-63
1.9.2 Counters ................................................................................................................ 1-63
1.10 References..................................................................................................................... 1-63
Huawei Technologies Proprietary

i
List of Figures
Figure 1-1 Power control configuration model (1).................................................................. 1-5
Figure 1-9 PRACH preamble and message parts ................................................................. 1-9
Figure 1-10 Uplink open-loop power control on PRACH ....................................................... 1-9
Figure 1-11 Downlink open-loop power control on the DPDCH .......................................... 1-34
Figure 1-12 Uplink inner-loop power control ........................................................................ 1-39
Figure 1-13 Downlink inner-loop power control ................................................................... 1-44
Figure 1-14 Uplink outer-loop power control procedure ...................................................... 1-49
Figure 1-15 Downlink power balance................................................................................... 1-57

ii
List of Tables
Table 1-1 NEs required for power control............................................................................... 1-4
Table 1-2 Product versions ..................................................................................................... 1-4
Table 1-3 Outer-loop Power Control Parameters on RAB basis .......................................... 1-55
Table 1-4 Commands for the reconfiguration on the RNC side ........................................... 1-62

iii
Chapter 1 Power Control

1.1 Summary of Updates
This section provides the update history of this manual and introduces the contents of
subsequent updates.
Manual Version
Description
01 (2006-9-26)
Modified the principles to adjust SIR target in case of

multi-service.
02 (2006-9-28)
Add description to the Rate Matching.
1.2 Introduction
The WCDMA system is a self-interfered system. The most important way to restrain
system interference level is the power control, especially in the uplink direction. Without
power control, a single overpowered UE could block a whole cell.
1.2.1 Definition
The power control is performed by the UE or UTRAN to adjust and control the power of
transmit signals according to the changes of channel environment and the quality of
receive signals.
In the WCDMA system, the power control mechanism comprises the following parts:
Open-loop power control: Applicable in UL and DL. It sets the initial uplink and
downlink transmit power. Open-loop power control is used on physical channels
such as PRACH, DPCH.
Inner-loop power control: Applicable in UL and DL. It directly adjusts the uplink
and downlink transmit power using power control commands. The inner loop
power control is performed by each UE and NodeB with the frequency of 1500
times per second (1.5 kHz).
Outer-loop power control: Applicable in UL and DL. It indirectly controls the
uplink and downlink transmit power by increasing or decreasing the target SIR
value.
DL power balance: It is used to reduce the downlink power drifting of a given UE
during soft handover.

1-1
1.2.2 Purpose
The purpose of power control is to adjust the uplink and downlink power to the
minimum while ensuring the QoS.
In the uplink, if a UE near the NodeB has too large a transmit power, it may cause
great interference to other UEs on the edge of the cell or even block the whole cell.
This is called near-far effect. In that case, uplink power control is needed.
In the downlink, the system capacity is determined by the total required code
power for each connection. Therefore, it is necessary to keep the transmit power
at the lowest level while ensuring signal quality at the receiving end for each UE. In
that case, the downlink power control is needed.
Power control can be used against shadow fading and fast fading.
Power control can increase system capacity.
Power control for power drifting can improve the soft handover performance in the
downlink.
1.2.3 Terms and Abbreviations

I. Terms
None.
II. Abbreviations
Abbreviation
Full Spelling
3GPP
3rd Generation Partnership Project
AMR
Adaptive MultiRate
BER
Bit Error Rate
BLER
Block Error Rate
CDMA
Code Division Multiple Access
CPCH
Common Packet Channel
CPICH
Common Pilot Channel
DCH
Dedicated Channel
DL
Downlink
DPB
Downlink Power Balance
DPCCH
Dedicated Physical Control Channel
DPCH
Dedicated Physical Channel
DPDCH
Dedicated Physical Data Channel
FDD
Frequency Division Duplex

1-2
Abbreviation
Full Spelling
FER
Frame Error Rate
LMT
Local Maintenance Terminal
MML
Man-Machine Language
MRC
Maximum Ratio Combining
OLPC
Outer-Loop Power Control
PCA
Power Control Algorithm
P-CPICH
Primary Common Pilot Channel
PRACH
Physical Random Access Channel
RAN
Radio Access Network
RNC
Radio Network Controller
RRC
Radio Resource Control
RSCP
Received Signal Code Power
RTWP
Received Total Wideband Power
SHO
Soft Handover
SIR
Signal-Interference Ratio
SRNC
Serving RNC
TFCI
Transport Format Combination Indicator
TPC
Transmit Power Control
UE
User Equipment
UL
Uplink
UMTS
Universal Mobile Telecommunications System
UTRAN
UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network
Uu
Uu Interface
WCDMA
Wideband CDMA
1.3 Availability
1.3.1 Involved Network Element
Table 1-1 shows the Network Elements (NEs) required for power control.

1-3
Table 1-1 NEs required for power control

UE
NodeB
RNC
MSC Server
MGW
SGSN
-
GGSN
-
HLR
-
Note:
- = NE not required
= NE required
1.3.2 Software Release

Table 1-2 describes the versions of the HUAWEI UMTS RAN products that support
power control.
Table 1-2 Product versions
Product
RNC
NodeB
Version
BSC6800
V100R002 and later releases
DBS3800
BTS3812A
BTS3812E
1.3.3 Miscellaneous
None.
1.4 Impact
1.4.1 On System Performance
Power control improves the system capacity and ensures the QoS.
1.4.2 On Other Features

None.
1.5 Restrictions
None.

1-4
1.6 Technical Description

Power control in the uplink and the downlink is different. UL power control and DL
power control are separately described.
1.6.1 Power Control Configuration Model

The configuration model for power control is as show in Figure 1-1, Figure 1-2, Figure
1-3, Figure 1-4, Figure 1-5, Figure 1-6, Figure 1-7 and Figure 1-8.
RNC
RadioClass
GlobalParaClass
RAB&SRBClass
CellClass
FRC.Class
PSCH.Class
CELL.Class
CORRMALGOSWITCH.Class
SSCH.Class
PCPICH.Class
OLPC.Class
BCH.Class
PRACHBASIC.Class
DPB.Class
FACH.Class
PRACHUUPARAS.Class
TYPRABBASIC.Class
SCCPCH.Class
AICH.Class
TYPRAB.Class
CHPWROFFSET.Class
RACH.Class
TYPSRBBASIC.Class
AICHPWROFFSET.Class
PRACHTFC.Class
TYPSRB.Class
PICHPWROFFSET.Class
CELLCAC.Class
TYPSRBOLPC.Class
CELLRLPWR.Class
CELLSETUP.Class
TYPRABOLPC.Class
CELLOLPC.Class
TYPSRBSEMISTATICTF.Class
TYPRABSEMISTATICTF.Class
Figure 1-1 Power control configuration model (1)

1-5
CELLCAC.Class
FRC.Class
Max UL TX power of conversational service
TFCI power offset
Max UL TX power of streaming service
TPC power offset
Max UL TX power of interactive service
Pilot power offset
Max UL TX power of background service
Power control algorithm selection
RRC Proc DPDCH PC preamble length
UL closed loop power control step size
RRC Proc SRB delay
DL power control mode
HHO Proc DPDCH PC preamble length
FDD DL power control step size
HHO Proc SRB delay
Constant value configured by default
Initial power offset for SHO
CELLRLPWR.Class
RACH.Clsass
RL Max DL TX power
Max preamble loop
RL Min DL TX power
Random back-off lower limit

Random back-off upper limit
PRACHTFC.Class
CELLSETUP.Clsass
Power offset
Power increase limit
ADD PRACHTFC
DL power window average size
Gain Factor BetaD
DL power control mode 1

PICHPWROFFSET
PRACHBASIC.Class
PRACHUUPARAS.Class
CHPWROFFSET.Class
Power increase step
AICHPWROFFSET.Class
Max preamble retransmission

AICH power offset
Constant value for calculating initial TX power
PICH power offset

1-6
TYPRABOLPC.Class
DPB.Class
TYPSRBOLPC.Class
DPB measurement report period

DPB measurement filter coefficient
BLER target value

DPB triggering threshold
SIR adjustment step
DPB stop threshold
Maximum SIR increase step
Ratio for max power
Maximum SIR decrease step
DPB adjustment ratio
Maximum SIR target
DPB adjustment period
Minimum SIR target
Max DPB adjustment step
TYPRAB.Class
BCH.Class
TYPRABBASIC.Class
PSCH.Class
TYPSRB.Class
PCPICH.Class
TYPSRBBASIC.Class
CELL.Class
Reference BetaC
Reference BetaD
PCPICH transmit power
AICH.Class
PSCH transmit power
AICH transmission timing
BCH transmit power
TYPRABSEMISTATICTF.Class
TYPSRBSEMISTATICTF.Class
UL rate matching attribute
DL rate matching attribute

1-7
SSCH CELL.Class
FACH.Class
PCH.Class
SSCH transmit power
SCCPCH.Class
CELLSELRESEL.Class
PCH power
Max allowed UE UL TX power
Max transmit power of FACH
CORRMALGOSWITCH.Class
Power control algorithm switch
OLPC.Class
CELLOLPC.Class
TYPSRBOLPC.Class
SIR init target value
SIR measurement filter coefficient
OLPC adjustment period
SIR adjustment coefficient
1.6.2 Open-Loop Power Control

Based on the measurement acquirement of receive power, open-loop power control
attempts to make a rough estimation of path loss by means of a downlink signal, and
then to provide a coarse initial power setting of the UE and the NodeB at the beginning
of a connection.
I. Uplink Open-Loop Power Control

1)
Uplink Open-Loop Power Control on PRACH
The PRACH random access process is comprised of two different parts that the UE will
send to the system: preamble part and message part.

1-8
AICH access
slots RX at UE
One access slot
Acq.
Ind.
PRACH access
slots TX at UE
p-a
Preamble
Preamble
p-p
Message part
p-m
Figure 1-9 PRACH preamble and message parts

The preamble part is at the length of 4096 chips and consists of 256 repetitions of a
signature that is 16chip long. There are a maximum of 16 signatures available.
The message part is 10 or 20 ms long and is comprised of a control part and a data part.
The data and control parts are transmitted in parallel. Once the UE receives an answer
on the corresponding AICH, it will send the message part of the PRACH.
Therefore, the parameters related to the UE access on the PRACH involve three parts:
Initial power calculation for the first preamble
Power ramping for preamble retransmission
Power setting for message part
Initial Power Calculation for the First Preamble
To determine the initial power of the UE on its first PRACH preamble transmission, both
UE and UTRAN are involved, as shown in Figure 1-10.
BCH :
CPICH channel power
UL interference level
RACH
Measure CPICH_RSCP
Determine the initial transmitted power
Figure 1-10 Uplink open-loop power control on PRACH

1-9
Prior to PRACH transmission, the UE shall
acquire the System Information Block
(SIB) that includes "Primary CPICH Tx power", UL interference, and Constant value.
The UE measures the value for the CPICH_RSCP and calculates the initial power for
the first PRACH preamble with the following formula:
Preamble_Initial_Power (PRACH) = PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER - CPICH_RSCP +
UL interference + CONSTANT VALUE FOR CALCULATING INITIAL TX POWER
Where:
The PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER parameter defines the PCPICH transmit power
in a cell. It is broadcast in SIB 5.
Parameter name
PCPICH transmit power
Parameter ID
PCPICHPOWER
GUI range
-100500
Physical range& unit
-1050, step: 0.1 (dBm)
Default value
330
Optional / Mandatory
Optional
MML command
ADD PCPICH/ MOD CELL
Description:
This parameter should be set based on the actual system environment such as cell
coverage (radius) and geographical environment. For the cells to be covered, the
downlink coverage should be guaranteed as a premise. For the cells requiring soft
handover area, this parameter should satisfy the proportion of soft handover areas
stipulated in the network planning. If the maximum transmit power of the PCPICH is
configured too great, the cell capacity will be decreased because a lot of system
resources will be occupied and the interference with the downlink traffic channels
will be increased.
Recommendation:
PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER is related to the downlink coverage in the network
planning. The default setting is 330, namely 33 dBm. If this parameter is too small, it
will influence directly the downlink pilot coverage range; if it is too big, the downlink
interference will increase, and the transmit power that can be distributed to the
services will be reduced, which will affect the downlink capacity. Meanwhile, the
configuration of this parameter also has influence on the distribution of handover
areas.
CPICH_RSCP is the received signal code power, the received power on one code
measured on the primary CPICH. It is measured by the UE.
UL interference is the UL RTWP measured by the NodeB, including noise
generated in the receiver, within the bandwidth defined by the receiver pulse
shaping filter. It is broadcast in SIB 7.

1-10
The CONSTANT VALUE FOR CALCULATING INITIAL TX POWER parameter

compensates for the RACH processing gain. It is broadcast in SIB 5.
Parameter name
Constant value for calculating initial TX power
Parameter ID
CONSTANTVALUE
GUI range
-35-10.
dB
Default value
-20
Optional
MML command
ADD PRACHBASIC/MOD PRACHUUPARAS
Description:
It is used to calculate the transmit power of the first preamble in the random access
process.
Power Ramping for Preamble Retransmission

If no positive or negative acquisition indicator on AICH is received by the UE from the
network after a given period, then the UE shall increase the preamble power by
POWER INCREASE STEP so that the Node-B can detect it, and re-send the preamble.
This ramping up process is characterized below:
AICH transmission timing: In order to avoid too many collisions and consider the
processing capability of NodeB, it is specified in 3GPP that a UE shall wait at least
3 or 4 access slots between the transmissions of 2 consecutive preambles,
according to the parameter AICH TRANSMISSION TIMING.
Power increment step: Each time the UE re-transmits a preamble, the transmit
power is increased by POWER INCREASE STEP, compared to the previous
transmitted preamble.
Maximum number of transmitted preambles: This limitation is defined by MAX
PREAMBLE RETRANSMISSION and MAX PREAMBLE LOOP parameters.
MAX PREAMBLE RETRANSMISSION defines the maximum number of
transmitted preambles allowed within an access cycle, and MAX PREAMBLE
LOOP defines the maximum number of random access preamble cycles. An
access cycle is defined by a number of radio frames on which the PRACH access
(and therefore a preamble ramping cycle) is allowed on specific slot numbers.

1-11
Parameter name
AICH transmission timing
Parameter ID
AICHTXTIMING
GUI range
01
None
Default value
Optional
MML command
ADD AICH
Description:
The transmission timing information of an AICH. "0" indicates that there are 7680
chips offset between the access preamble of the PRACH and AICH; "1" indicates
that there are 12800 chips offset between them.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the AICH TRANSMISSION TIMING parameter, the cell
shall be firstly de-activated through DEA CELL.
After the old configuration of AICH is deleted through RMV AICH, a new AICH can be
established through ADD AICH.
Parameter name
Power increase step
Parameter ID
POWERRAMPSTEP
GUI range
1 8
dB
Default value
Optional
MML command
Description:
The power increase step of the random access preambles transmitted before the UE
receives the acquisition indicator in the random access process.
Recommendation:
If the value of POWER INCREASE STEP is too big, the access process will be
shortened, but the probability of wasting power will be bigger; if it is too small, the
access process will be lengthened, but transmitting power will be saved. It is a value
to be weighed.

1-12
Parameter name
Max preamble retransmission
Parameter ID
PREAMBLERETRANSMAX
GUI range
164
None
Default value
20
Optional
MML command
Description:
The maximum number of preambles transmitted in a preamble ramping cycle.
Recommendation:
The product of the MAX PREAMBLE RETRANSMISSION parameter and the
above-mentioned PRACH POWER INCREASE STEP determines the maximum
ramp power of the UE within a preamble ramp cycle.
If this value is too small, the preamble power may fail to ramp to the required value,
resulting in UE access failure; if it is too big, the UE may repeatedly increase the
power and make access attempts, resulting in interference to other users.
Parameter name
Max preamble loop
Parameter ID
MMAX
GUI range
132
None
Default value
Optional
MML command
ADD RACH/MOD RACH
Description:
The maximum number of random access preamble loops.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the MAX PREAMBLE LOOP parameter, if the current
cell is on-going and there is one and only one PRACH in this cell, the cell shall be firstly
de-activated through DEA CELL.

1-13
The ramping process stops until the number of transmitted preambles has reached the
MAX PREAMBLE RETRANSMISSION within an access cycle, or when the maximum
number of access cycles MAX PREAMBLE LOOP is reached.
When a negative acquisition indicator on AICH is received by the UE, which indicates
rejection of the preamble, the UE shall wait for a certain back-off delay and re-initiate a
new random access process. Two parameters RANDOM BACK-OFF LOWER LIMIT
and RANDOM BACK-OFF UPPER LIMIT are defined respectively as the lower and
upper bounds of the random access back-off delay.
Parameter name
Random back-off lower limit
Parameter ID
NB01MIN
GUI range
050
None
Default value
Optional
MML command
ADD RACH/MOD RACH
Description:
The lower limit of random access back-off delay.
Parameter name
Random back-off upper limit
Parameter ID
NB01MAX
GUI range
050
None
Default value
Optional
MML command
ADD RACH/MOD RACH
Description:
The upper limit of random access back-off delay.
Configuration Rule and Restriction:

RANDOM BACK-OFF LOWER LIMIT shall not be set bigger than RANDOM
BACK-OFF UPPER LIMIT.
If RANDOM BACK-OFF LOWER LIMIT = RANDOM BACK-OFF UPPER LIMIT, it
means that the retransmission periodicity of preamble part is fixed.

1-14
Caution:
In order to change the value of the RANDOM BACK-OFF LOWER LIMIT or RANDOM
BACK-OFF UPPER LIMIT parameter, if the current cell is on-going and there is one
and only one PRACH in this cell, the cell shall be firstly de-activated through DEA
CELL.
Power Setting for Message Part

When the UE has received a positive acquisition indicator on AICH, it will transmit the
random access message using three or four uplink access slots after the uplink access
slot of the last transmitted preamble, depending on the AICH transmission timing
parameter. This message is made up of a control part and a data part:
Control part: The transmit power of the control part of the random access message
should be POWER OFFSET higher than the power of the last transmitted
preamble.
Parameter name
Power offset
Parameter ID
POWEROFFSETPPM
GUI range
-510
dB
Default value
Values according to PRACH TFC
Mandatory
MML command
ADD PRACHTFC
Description:
The power offset between the last access preamble and the message control part.
The power of the message control part can be obtained by adding the offset to the
access preamble power.

POWER OFFSET must be set for each instance of PRACH TFC.
Recommendation:

1-15
It is recommended that the value of POWER OFFSET corresponding to the TFC for
signaling transmission is set to -3 dB, and that corresponding to the TFC for service
transmission is set to -2 dB.
If the value of POWER OFFSET is set too low, it is likely that the signaling or the
service data carried over the RACH can not be correctly received, which affects the
uplink coverage. If the value is set too high, the uplink interference is increased, and
the uplink capacity is affected.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the POWER OFFSET parameter, if the current cell is
on-going and there is one and only one PRACH in this cell, the cell shall be firstly
de-activated through DEA CELL.
Data part: The message part of the uplink PRACH channel employs gain factors to
control the control/data part:
a)
GAIN FACTOR BETAC (c) is the gain factor for the control part.
b)
GAIN FACTOR BETAD (d) is the gain factor for the data part.
Parameter name
Gain Factor BetaC
Parameter ID
GAINFACTORBETAC
GUI range
115
None
Default value
None
Mandatory
MML command
ADD PRACHTFC
Description:
The power occupancy factor of the control part.

1-16
Parameter name
Gain Factor BetaD
Parameter ID
GAINFACTORBETAD
GUI range
115
None
Default value
None
Optional
MML command
ADD PRACHTFC
Description:
The power occupancy factor of the data part.
PRACH CTFC
POWER OFFSET
GAIN FACTOR
BETAC
GAIN FACTOR
BETAD
-3
13
15
-2
10
15

Either Gain Factor BetaC or Gain Factor BetaD must be set to 15 for each
instance of power difference between control and data part of PRACH.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the GAIN FACTOR BETAC or GAIN FACTOR BETAD
parameter, if the current cell is on-going and there is one and only one PRACH in this
cell, the cell shall be firstly de-activated through DEA CELL.
2)
Uplink Open-Loop Power Control on DPCCH
The UL open-loop power control on dedicated channel aims to determine the initial
power of the first uplink DPCCH.
When setting up the first DPCCH, the UE shall start the UL inner loop power control at
a power level and set the initial power of uplink DPCCH with the following formula:
DPCCH_Initial_Power = DPCCH_Power_Offset - CPICH_RSCP
Where:
CPICH_RSCP is the received signal code power, the received power on one code
measured on the primary CPICH. It is a measurement performed by the UE.

1-17
DPCCH_Power_Offset is provided by the RNC to the UE via RRC signaling in the

Uplink power control info IE or in the Uplink power control info short IE. These
IEs are included in the RRC messages of the radio bearer setup, reconfiguration
and release, transport channel and physical channel reconfiguration, RRC
connection setup and re-establishment and in the handover to UTRAN command.
For Huawei, DPCCH_Power_Offset is calculated with the following formula:
DPCCH_Power_Offset = PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER + UL interference +
CONSTANT VALUE CONFIGURED BY DEFAULT
Where:
The PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER parameter defines the PCPICH transmit power
in a cell.
UL interference is the UL RTWP measured by the NodeB.
The CONSTANT VALUE CONFIGURED BY DEFAULT parameter reflects the
target Ec/No of the uplink DPCCH preamble.
Parameter name
Constant value configured by default
Parameter ID
DEFAULTCONSTANTVALUE
GUI range
-35-10
dB
Default value
-27
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
This parameter is used by the RNC to compute the DPCCH power offset which is
used by the UE to calculate the initial transmit power of UL DPCCH during the open
loop power control process.
Maximum Allowed UL Transmit Power

The maximum allowed UL transmit power defines the total maximum output power
allowed for the UE and depends on the desired type of service. The information will be
transmitted on the FACH, mapped on the S-CCPCH, to the UE in the RADIO BEARER
SETUP message of the RRC protocol during the call setup.
For Huawei, the MAX ALLOWED UE UL TX POWER parameter is the maximum
transmit power of the PRACH channel when the UE tries to access to the specified cell.

1-18
Parameter name
Max allowed UE UL TX power
Parameter ID
MAXALLOWEDULTXPOWER
GUI range
-5033
dBm
Default value
24
Optional
MML command
ADD CELLSELRESEL; MOD CELLSELRESEL
Description:
The maximum allowed uplink power transmitted on RACH of a UE in the cell, which
is related to the network planning.

If the value of MAX ALLOWED UE UL TX POWER is higher than the UE capability,
the maximum transmission power is of course limited by the UE capability.
The transmission power on the PRACH for preamble part and message part cannot
be higher than the MAX ALLOWED UE UL TX POWER parameter.
In addition, there are four parameters (MAX UL TX POWER OF CONVERSATIONAL

SERVICE, MAX UL TX POWER OF STREAMING SERVICE, MAX UL TX POWER
OF INTERACTIVE SERVICE and MAX UL TX POWER OF BACKGROUND
SERVICE) which correspond to the maximum allowed transmit power of four classes of
services: conversational, streaming, interactive and background respectively.
Parameter name
Max UL TX power of conversational service
Parameter ID
MAXULTXPOWERFORCONV
GUI range
-5033
dBm
Default value
24
Optional
MML command
ADD CELLCAC; MOD CELLCAC
Description:
The maximum UL transmit power for conversational service in a specific cell. It is
based on the UL coverage requirement of the conversational service designed by
the network planning.

1-19
Parameter name
Parameter ID
Max UL TX power of streaming service

MAXULTXPOWERFORSTR
-5033
GUI range
Default value
dBm
24
MML command
Optional
Description:
The maximum UL transmit power for streaming service in a specific cell. It is based
on the UL coverage requirement of the streaming service designed by the network
planning.
Parameter name
Max UL TX power of interactive service
Parameter ID
MAXULTXPOWERFORINT
GUI range
-5033
dBm
Default value
24
Optional
MML command
Description:
The maximum UL transmit power for interactive service in a specific cell. It is based
on the UL coverage requirement of the interactive service designed by the network
planning.
Parameter name
Max UL TX power of background service
Parameter ID
MAXULTXPOWERFORBAC
GUI range
-5033
dBm
Default value
24
Optional
MML command
Description:
The maximum UL transmit power for background service in a specific cell. It is based
on the UL coverage requirement of the background service designed by the network
planning.

1-20
Recommendation:
The above four parameters define the maximum uplink transmit power when
transmitting the services in a cell.
The bigger these parameters are, the wider the coverage of the corresponding
services will be. When the downlink coverage is exceeded, the uplink coverage and
downlink coverage of the service will become unbalanced. If these parameters are
too small, the uplink coverage will probably be smaller than the downlink coverage of
the service. If there is no special requirement, use the default value.
Rate Matching
The purposes of rate matching are as follows:
To enable a CCTrCH to multiplex data bits from multiple traffic sub-flows, the
system matches traffic rates to physical channel rates.
To meet the different QoS requirements of various services, the system adjusts
the coding redundancy degree of each channel.
It is equivalent to changing the bit energy (Eb) of each channel and balancing the
power among different channels. This method improves power usage and reduces
interference. The higher the service QoS requirement is, the higher the
corresponding RMA value. According to the RMA value of each traffic channel, the
rate matching mechanism repeats more bits of the services with higher QoS
requirements. Comparatively, it repeats less, even deletes some bits of the
services with lower QoS requirement. Thus, it meets different QoS requirements
through adjusting the bit redundancy degree of each transport channel.
Parameter name
UL rate matching attribute
Parameter ID
ULRATEMATCHINGATTR
GUI range
1256
None
Default value
Values according to SRB and RAB
Mandatory
ADD TYPSRBSEMISTATICTF/
MML command
MOD TYPSRBSEMISTATICTF/
ADD TYPRABSEMISTATICTF/
MOD TYPRABSEMISTATICTF/
Description:
Rate matching attribute (RMA) is a semi-static parameter provided by the upper
layer for each traffic channel according to QoS. It represents the weight of
processing (repeating or deleting) data bits on the corresponding transport channel
during rate matching. This parameter is valid in the case of multiplexing of transport
channel, that is, when multiple transport channels are combined into a CCTrCH. It is
used to compare with the RMA values of other multiplexing transport channels.

1-21
Parameter name
DL rate matching attribute
Parameter ID
DLRATEMATCHINGATTR
GUI range
1256
None
Default value
Mandatory
ADD TYPSRBSEMISTATICTF/
MOD TYPSRBSEMISTATICTF/
MML command
ADD TYPRABSEMISTATICTF/
MOD TYPRABSEMISTATICTF/
Description:
Rate matching attribute (RMA) is a semi-static parameter provided by the upper
layer for each traffic channel according to QoS. It represents the weight of
processing (repeating or deleting) data bits on the corresponding transport channel
during rate matching. This parameter is valid in the case of multiplexing of transport
channel, that is, when multiple transport channels are combined into a CCTrCH. It is
used to compare with the RMA values of other multiplexing transport channels.
Rate matching attribute parameters are defined per RAB in the following table:
ULRATEMATCHI
NGATTR
Typical Services
DLRATEMATCHI
NGATTR
CS Domain RAB
12.2bps AMR
137:130:161
137:130:161
64kbps Conversational / Unknown
110
110
100
100
100
100
28.8kbps Conversational / Unknown
100
100
57.6kbps Streaming
100
100
PS Domain RAB
100
100
100
100
120
120
140
140
256kbps Streaming
100
100
144kbps Streaming
100
100
128kbps Streaming
100
100

1-22
ULRATEMATCHI
NGATTR
DLRATEMATCHI
NGATTR
64kbps Streaming
100
100
32kbps Streaming
100
100
16kbps Streaming
120
120
8kbps Streaming
140
140
384kbps Background
100
100
256kbps Background
100
100
144kbps Background
100
100
128kbps Background
100
100
64kbps Background
100
100
32kbps Background
100
100
16kbps Background
120
120
8 kbps Background
140
140
384kbps Interactive
100
100
256kbps Interactive
100
100
144kbps Interactive
100
100
128kbps Interactive
100
100
64kbps Interactive
100
100
32kbps Interactive
100
100
16kbps Interactive
120
120
8 kbps Interactive
140
140
Typical Services
Signaling RB
3.4kbps SRB
180
180
13.6kbps SRB
180
180
Power Difference Between DPCCH And DPDCH

The uplink DPCCH and DPDCH(s) are transmitted on different codes. In order to meet
a given QoS requirement on the transport channels whatever the transport format they
use, various power differences between DPDCH and DPCCH are defined through gain
factors, called c for DPCCH and d for DPDCH.
There are two ways of controlling the gain factors of the DPCCH code and the DPDCH
codes for different TFCs in normal (non-compressed) frames:
c and d are signalled for the TFC, or
1-23
c and d is computed for the TFC, based on the signalled settings for a reference
TFC.
3GPP allows combinations of these two methods to be used to associate c and d
values with all TFCs in the TFCS. These two methods are described in subsections
5.1.2.5.2 and 5.1.2.5.3 respectively of TS25.214. Several reference TFCs may be
signaled from higher layers.
For Huawei, a mix of these techniques is effectively applied, which requires the RNC to
compute and signal all TFC offsets when required. The RNC computes a new power
offset for each required TFC dynamically using a single set of configurable reference
values (corresponding to parameters Reference BetaC and Reference BetaD) stored
for each pre-defined RABs or SRBs. This computed TFC specific offset is then signaled
to the UE.
Parameter name
Reference BetaC
Parameter ID
BETAC
GUI range
115
None
Default value
Mandatory
MML command
ADD TYPSRBBASIC/MOD TYPSRB/ADD

TYPRABBASIC/MOD TYPRAB
Description:
Power occupation ratio of the control part of reference TFC.
Parameter name
Reference BetaD
Parameter ID
BETAD
GUI range
115
None
Default value
Mandatory
MML command
ADD TYPSRBBASIC/MOD TYPSRB/ADD

TYPRABBASIC/ MOD TYPRAB
Description:
Power occupation ratio of the data part of reference TFC.
UL reference power offset parameters (c,ref and d,ref) are defined in the following table:

1-24
c,ref : d,ref
Typical Services
CS Domain RAB
12.2bps AMR
12:15
6:15
6:15
9:15
28.8kbps Conversational / Unknown
13:15
57.6kbps Streaming
7:15
PS Domain RAB
7:15
9:15
14:15
15:11
256kbps Streaming
4:15
144kbps Streaming
5:15
128kbps Streaming
5:15
64kbps Streaming
7:15
32kbps Streaming
9:15
16kbps Streaming
14:15
8kbps Streaming
15:11
384kbps Background
4:15
256kbps Background
4:15
144kbps Background
5:15
128kbps Background
5:15
64kbps Background
7:15
32kbps Background
9:15
16kbps Background
14:15
8 kbps Background
15:11
384kbps Interactive
4:15
256kbps Interactive
4:15
144kbps Interactive
5:15
128kbps Interactive
5:15
64kbps Interactive
7:15
1-25
c,ref : d,ref
Typical Services
32kbps Interactive
9:15
16kbps Interactive
14:15
8 kbps Interactive
15:11
Signaling RB
3.4kbps SRB
15:12
13.6kbps SRB
12:15

Either Reference BetaC or Reference BetaD must be set to 15 for each instance of
UL reference power offset.
The gain factors (c and d) are computed for certain TFCs, based on the settings for a
reference TFC with the formula defined in subsection 5.1.2.5.3 of TS25.214.
In Huawei implementation, in the case of RAB combination, the radio bearer specific
reference values to be used are those belonging to the radio bearer whose maximum
rate TF has the highest bit rate of the radio bearers being combined. For example, for
the combination of the 3.4 kbps SRB service, 384 kbps background service, and 12.2
kbps AMR service, the reference power offset values applied are those belonging to the
maximum rate TF (12x336) of 384 kbps background radio bearer.
First Radio Link Establishment
When commanded by higher layers, the TPC commands sent on a downlink radio link
from NodeBs that have not yet achieved uplink synchronization will follow a pattern as
follows:
If the radio link is part of the first radio link set sent to the UE and if the value "n"
obtained from the parameter DL POWER CONTROL MODE 1 is different from 0, then:
The TPC pattern shall consist of n instances of the pair of TPC commands ("0",
"1"), followed by one instance of TPC command "1", where ("0","1") indicates the
TPC commands to be transmitted in two consecutive slots.
The TPC pattern continuously repeat but shall be forcibly re-started at the
beginning of each frame where CFN mod 4 = 0.
In addition,
The TPC pattern shall consist of only TPC commands "1".
The TPC pattern shall terminate when uplink synchronization is achieved.

1-26
Parameter name
DL power control mode 1
Parameter ID
DLTPCPATTERN01COUNT
GUI range
030
None
Default value
10
Optional
MML command
ADD CELLSETUP/MOD CELLSETUP
Description:
DL transmit power control (TPC) mode of the first radio link set before completion of
UL synchronization.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the DL POWER CONTROL MODE 1 parameter
through MOD CELLSETUP, the cell shall be firstly de-activated through DEA CELL.
Transmit Power Control in the UL DPCCH Power Control Preamble

An uplink DPCCH Power Control Preamble (PC Preamble) is a period of uplink
DPCCH transmission prior to the start of the uplink DPDCH transmission in order to
ensure that the inner loop power control has converged when the transmission of the
data bits begins. It consists of a given number of DPCCH slots transmitted prior to the
data transmission on DPDCH. The RNC transmits the PC Preamble parameter
(number of DPCCH preamble slots) in the Uplink DPCH power control info IE using
the RRC signaling.
In addition to the PC Preamble delay, the mobile will not send any data on signaling
radio bearers during the number of frames indicated in the SRB delay IE, sent through
RRC signaling in the Uplink DPCH power control info IE.
Considering the application scenarios, different values for PC Preamble and SRB delay
parameters are configured.
In the case of RRC connection establishment, PC Preamble and SRB delay are
respectively defined by parameters RRC PROC DPDCH PC PREAMBLE
LENGTH and RRC PROC SRB DELAY.
In the case of hard handover, PC Preamble and SRB delay are respectively
defined by parameters HHO PROC DPDCH PC PREAMBLE LENGTH and HHO
PROC SRB DELAY.

1-27
Parameter name
RRC Proc DPDCH PC preamble length
Parameter ID
RRCPROCPCPREAMBLE
GUI range
07
Frame
Default value
Optional
MML command
ADD CELLCAC/MOD CELLCAC
Description:
DPDCH power control preamble length in DCH RRC process.
Parameter name
RRC Proc SRB delay
Parameter ID
RRCPROCSRBDELAY
GUI range
07
Frame
Default value
Optional
MML command
Description:
Delay of SRB in DCH RRC process.
Parameter name
HHO Proc DPDCH PC preamble length
Parameter ID
HHOPROCPCPREAMBLE
GUI range
07
Frame
Default value
Optional
MML command
Description:
DPDCH power control preamble length in DCH HHO process.

1-28
Parameter name
HHO Proc SRB delay
Parameter ID
HHOPROCSRBDELAY
GUI range
07
Frame.
Default value
Optional
MML command
Description:
Delay of SRB in DCH HHO process.
Inner loop power control is thus applied on the DPCCH only, in a first time, starting from
the initial DPCCH transmit power determined by the open loop power control process.
Then, once PC Preamble DPCCH slots have been transmitted and SRB delay slots
passed, data starts to be transmitted on the DPDCH at an initial transmit power
deduced from the current DPCCH transmit power and DPDCH/DPCCH power
difference (using c and d gain factors).
II. Downlink Open-Loop Power Control

1)
Downlink Open-Loop Power Control on Common Channel
For the common channels, DL open-loop power control is to determine how much
power is allocated to the PCPICH, P-SCH, S-SCH, P-CCPCH, S-CCPCH, AICH, and
PICH channels.
As mentioned previously, the P-CPICH power is defined by the PCPICH TRANSMIT
POWER parameter as an absolute value in dBm. The power of all other common
channels is defined in relation with the PCPICH TRANSMIT POWER parameter.
The following tables describe which parameter is used to determine the power for each
common channel:

1-29
Parameter name
PSCH transmit power
Parameter ID
PSCHPOWER
GUI range
-350150
-3515, step: 0.1 (dB)
Default value
-50
Optional
MML command
ADD PSCH/MOD CELL
Description:
The offset of the PSCH transmit power from the PCPICH transmit power in a cell.
Parameter name
SSCH transmit power
Parameter ID
SSCHPOWER
GUI range
-350150
-3515, step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
-50
Optional
MML command
ADD SSCH/MOD CELL
Description:
The offset of the SSCH transmit power from the PCPICH transmit power in a cell
Recommendation:
These two parameters (PSCH TRANSMIT POWER and SSCH TRANSMIT
POWER) can be adjusted through measurement in the actual environment so that
the transmit powers of the synchronization channels just satisfy the UE receiving
demodulation requirement. Specifically, when UEs receive signals at different
locations within the range of the cell, the transmit power should be just enough to
ensure that the UE can implement fast synchronization in most areas at the verge of
the cell. Neither P-SCH nor S-SCH has come through channel code spectrum
spread, so they produce more serious interference than other channels do,
especially for nearend users. Therefore, the value should not be too big.

1-30
Parameter name
BCH transmit power
Parameter ID
BCHPOWER
GUI range
-350150
-3515, step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
-20
Optional
MML command
ADD BCH/MOD CELL
Description:
The offset of the BCH transmit power from the PCPICH transmit power in a cell.
Recommendation:
The BCH TRANSMIT POWER parameter can be adjusted and optimized through
measurement in the actual environment. When UEs receive signals at different
locations within the range of the cell, the transmit power should be just enough to
ensure the correct demodulation of the information carried on the channel in most
areas at the verge of the cell. This setting of this parameter should not be too big, so
as to avoid unnecessary waste of the transmit power.
If the setting of this parameter is too small, the user at the verge of the cell will fail to
receive the system information correctly, and the downlink common channel
coverage will be influenced, which will affect cell coverage; if the setting is too big,
other channels will be interfered, the power resources will be occupied, and
consequently the cell capacity will be influenced.
Parameter name
Max transmit power of FACH
Parameter ID
MAXFACHPOWER
GUI range
-350150
-3515, step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
10
Optional
MML command
ADD FACH/MOD SCCPCH
Description:
The offset between the FACH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power in a cell.
Recommendation:

1-31
Set the maximum FACH transmit power to an appropriate value that is just enough
to ensure the target BLER.
If the setting of this parameter is too small, the UE at the cell verge will fail to receive
correctly the services and signaling borne over the FACH, resulting in influence on
the downlink common channel coverage and the cell coverage; if it is too big, other
channels will be interfered, the power resources will be occupied, and consequently
the cell capacity will be influenced.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the MAX TRANSMIT POWER OF FACH parameter if
the current cell is on-going and there is one and only one SCCPCH in this cell, or in
order to change the configuration of the SCCPCH with the smaller SCCPCH ID when
there are two SCCPCHs in this cell, the cell shall be firstly de-activated through DEA
CELL.
Parameter name
PCH power
Parameter ID
PCHPOWER
GUI range
-350150
-3515, step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
-20
Optional
MML command
ADD PCH/MOD SCCPCH
Description:
The offset between the PCH transmit power and PCPICH transmit power in a cell.
Recommendation:
The default value of the PCH POWER parameter is -20, namely -2 dB.
If this parameter is too small, the UE at the cell verge will fail to receive paging
messages correctly, and this will influence downlink common channel coverage and
cell coverage; if it is too big, other channels will be interfered, the downlink transmit
power will be occupied, and consequently the cell capacity will be influenced.

1-32
Parameter name
AICH power offset
Parameter ID
AICHPOWEROFFSET
GUI range
-225
dB
Default value
-6
Optional
MML command
ADD CHPWROFFSET/MOD AICHPWROFFSET
Description:
The difference between the transmit power of AICH and that of PCPICH.
Recommendation:
The default value of the AICH POWER OFFSET parameter is -6, namely -6 dB.
An appropriate transmit power value should be set for AICH to ensure that all users
at cell verge can receive the access indication. However, to avoid waste of the
power, the setting of the transmit power should not be too big.
Parameter name
PICH power offset
Parameter ID
PICHPOWEROFFSET
GUI range
-105
dB
Default value
-7
Optional
MML command
ADD CHPWROFFSET/MOD
PICHPWROFFSET
Description:
The difference between the transmit power of PICH and that of PCPICH.
Recommendation:
The default value of the PICH POWER OFFSET parameter is -7, namely -7 dB.
If this parameter is too small, the UE at the cell verge will fail to receive paging
messages correctly, which will probably result in misoperation in reading PCH
channel and waste of the UE battery and affect the downlink common channel
coverage and the cell coverage; if it is too big, other channels will be interfered, the
power resources will be occupied, and consequently the cell capacity will be
influenced.

1-33
2)
Downlink Open-Loop Power Control on Dedicated Channel (DPDCH)
The aim of the DL open-loop power control on DPDCH is to determine the transmit
power of the traffic (dedicated) channel based on the downlink measurement report of
the UE. Both UE and UTRAN shall take part in downlink open-loop power control on the
DPDCH, as shown in Figure 1-11.
DCH
RACH reports the measured value
Measure CPICH Ec/N0

Determine the downlink initial power control
Figure 1-11 Downlink open-loop power control on the DPDCH

The following gives a formula to calculate the initial power of the DPDCH when a traffic
(dedicated) channel is set up:
Pinitial
R
Eb
CPICH
=
( ) DL
PTotal
W N0
Ec
( ) CPICH
N0
Where:
R is the requested data bit rate by the user.
W is the chip rate.
(Eb / N0) DL is the Eb/No target to ensure the service quality. In Huawei
implementation, RNC searches for a value of Eb/No target dynamically using a set
of pre-defined values corresponding to the specific cell environment type, code
type, coding rate and BLER target. For detailed information, refer to the Load
Control.
(Ec/N0)CPICH is the ratio of received energy per chip to noise spectral density of
CPICH received by UE.
is the orthogonality factor in the downlink. In the WCDMA system, orthogonal
codes are employed in the downlink to separate the users, and without any
multi-path propagation on the orthogonality remains when the Node B signal is
received by the mobile station. However, if there is sufficient delay spread in the
radio channel, part of the base station signals will be regarded as multiple access

1-34
interference by the mobile station. The orthogonality of 1 corresponds to perfectly

orthogonal users.
Note:
In Huawei implementation, in the above formula is set to 0.
Ptotal is the carrier power measured at the NodeB and reported to the RNC.
Radio Link Reconfiguration Power Setting

When reconfiguring a radio link, the new physical channel may not have the same
power as the previous one (because of different SF, and so on). It is not specified,
however, in 3GPP protocol that the RNC can send a new initial power for the new
configuration in the RADIO_LINK_RECONFIGURATION_PREPARE message, which
provides the NodeBs with the new physical/transport channel configuration.
Thus, the NodeB will adjust the downlink power through the process of inner-loop
power control.
Initial Power Setting In Soft Handover
In order to prevent a waste of downlink power while adding a new leg in the active set,
a new adjustment for power of the new leg is used. Based on the above calculation as
used for the initial power of the DPDCH when a traffic (dedicated) channel is set up, the
power required by a new leg introduced in the active set shall be decreased by an offset,
which is defined by the INITIAL POWER OFFSET FOR SHO parameter.
Parameter name
Initial power offset for SHO
Parameter ID
SHOINITPWRPO
GUI range
025
dB
Default value
15
Optional
MML command
Description:
Initial DL power offset for a new added RL in SRNC.
Upper and Lower Limits of DL DPDCH Power

The downlink dedicated traffic channel is limited by an upper and lower limit for each
radio link. This limitation is set through the RL MAX DL TX POWER and RL MIN DL TX

1-35
POWER parameters. Both parameters are provided a value for the different data rate of
radio access bearers. So they correspond to a set of values rather than a single value.
Parameter name
RL Max DL TX power
Parameter ID
RLMAXDLPWR
GUI range
-350150
-3515; step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
Values according to data rate of RABs
Mandatory
MML command
ADD CELLRLPWR/MOD CELLRLPWR
Description:
The maximum downlink transmit power of radio link. This parameter should fulfill the
coverage requirement of the network planning, and the value is relative to PCPICH
transmit power.
Parameter name
RL Min DL TX power
Parameter ID
RLMINDLPWR
GUI range
-350150
-3515; step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
Values according to data rate of RABs
Mandatory
MML command
ADD CELLRLPWR/MOD CELLRLPWR
Description:
The minimum downlink transmit power of radio link. This parameter should consider
the maximum downlink transmit power and the dynamic range of power control, and
the value is relative to PCPICH transmit power.

The parameters RL MAX DL TX POWER and RL MIN DL TX POWER must verify
the following relationship:
RL MIN DL TX POWER RL MAX DL TX POWER
Typical Services
RL MAX DL TX POWER
RL MIN DL TX POWER
CS Domain RAB
12.2bps
-30
-180
28.8kbps
-20
-170

1-36
Typical Services
RL MAX DL TX POWER
RL MIN DL TX POWER
32kbps
-20
-170
57.6kbps
-10
-160
64kbps
30
-120
PS Domain RAB
384kbps
40
-110
256kbps
20
-170
144kbps
-150
128kbps
-150
64kbps
-20
-170
32kbps
-40
-190
16kbps
-60
-210
8kbps
-80
-230
Power Difference between DPCCH and DPDCH

For the downlink DPCH, the relative transmit power offset between DPCCH fields and
DPDCHs is determined by the network. The TFCI, TPC and pilot fields of the DPCCH
are offsets related to the power of DPDCHs by PO1, PO2, and PO3 dB respectively.
The power offsets PO1, PO2 and PO3 are defined by the TFCI POWER OFFSET, TPC
POWER OFFSET, and PILOT POWER OFFSET parameters respectively.
These power offsets cannot be reconfigured during the connection. These offsets are
radio link specific, which are identical for all TFC in the TFCS, whereas for the uplink
the gain factors are TFC-dependent.
Parameter name
TFCI power offset
Parameter ID
TFCIPO
GUI range
024
06; step: 0.25(dB)
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
The offset of TFCI bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of
radio frames on DL DPCH.

1-37
Parameter name
TPC power offset
Parameter ID
TPCPO
GUI range
024
06; step: 0.25(dB)
Default value
12
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
The offset of TPC bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of
Parameter name
Pilot power offset
Parameter ID
PILOTPO
GUI range
024
06; step: 0.25(dB)
Default value
12
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
The offset of pilot bit transmit power from data bit transmit power in each time slot of
The downlink transmit power control procedure controls simultaneously the power of a
DPCCH and its corresponding DPDCHs. The power control loop adjusts the power of
the DPCCH and DPDCHs with the same amount, that is to say, the relative power
difference between the DPCCH and the DPDCHs is not changed.
1.6.3 Inner-Loop Power Control

Inner-loop power control is also called fast closed-loop power control. It controls the
transmit power according to the information returned from the peer physical layer. The
UE and the NodeB can adjust the transmit power according to the RX SIR of the peer
end, to compensate the fading of radio links.
Inner-loop power control consists of uplink inner-loop power control and downlink
inner-loop power control, and they work separately.

1-38
I. Uplink Inner-Loop Power Control

Uplink inner-loop power control is used to control the power of the uplink radio links. In
fact, uplink inner-loop power control is executed on the DPCCH, and related DPDCH
transmit
power
is
calculated
from
DPCCH
transmit
power
according
to
DPDCH/DPCCH power ratio (d /c). For details, refer to 1.6.2 Open-Loop Power
Control.
The RNC sends the SIR target to the NodeB and then the NodeB compares the
estimated SIR with the SIR target of uplink DPCCH pilot symbol once every timeslot.
If the estimated SIR is greater than the SIR target, the NodeB sends a TPC
command down to the UE on the downlink DPCCH TPC field.
Otherwise, the NodeB sends a TPC command "Up".
Note:
The "Up" command means TPC = 1 and the "Down" command means TPC = 0.
For the SIR = RSCP / ISCP * SF ,
The Received Signal Code Power (RSCP) is unbiased measurement of the
received power on one code.
The Interference Signal Code Power (ISCP) is the interference on the received
signal, and SF=the spreading factor used on the DPCCH.
SIR estimation and

compare with SIR target
TPC
1500 Hz
SIR target
NodeB
UE
Figure 1-12 Uplink inner-loop power control

The following describes the uplink inner-loop power control:
Single Radio Link
It means that the UE will receive only one TPC in each slot. The NodeB will estimate
the SIR value and sends TPC to the UE according to the comparison between SIR
target and SIR estimated result.
1-39
If the estimated SIR is greater than the SIR target, the NodeB sends a TPC command
down to the UE on the downlink DPCCH TPC field. Otherwise, the NodeB sends a
TPC command up, where the up command means TPC = 1 and the down
command means TPC = 0.
When the UE receives the TPC, UE will adjust uplink transmit power according to the
Power Control Algorithm (PCA).
There are two types of inner-loop PCA algorithm: PCA1 and PCA2. The RNC
configures the PCA algorithm based on the POWER CONTROL ALGORITHM
SELECTION parameter.
Parameter name
Power control algorithm selection
Parameter ID
PWRCTRLALG
GUI range
ALGORITHM1, ALGORITHM2.
None
Default value
ALGORITHM1
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
This parameter is used to inform the UE of the method for translating the received
Transmit Power Control (TPC) commands. In other words, it is used to select UL
power control algorithm.

Huawei sets the POWER CONTROL ALGORITHM SELECTION parameter to
algorithm1 as default value for all power control configurations
PCA1: UE adjusts uplink transmit power for each slot; the step of PCA1 should be 1dB
or 2dB by UL CLOSED LOOP POWER CONTROL STEP SIZE parameter.

1-40
Parameter name
UL closed loop power control step size
Parameter ID
ULTPCSTEPSIZE
GUI range
12
dB
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
The step size of the closed loop power control performed on UL DPCCH. This
parameter is mandatory when the parameter [Power control algorithm selection] is
set as "ALGORITHM1".
The following table lists the TPC command corresponding to the specific TPC at PCA1
algorithm:
TPC
TPC_cmd
-1
PCA2: The UE adjusts the uplink transmit power for each 5-slot cycle and the step is
1 dB fixedly.
The following table lists the TPC command corresponding to the specific TPC at PCA2
algorithm:
TPC
TPC_cmd
0,0,0,0,0
0,0,0,0,-1
1,1,1,1,1
0,0,0,0,1
Else
0,0,0,0,0
Softer Handover
It means that the UE will receive more than one TPC in each slot, but all the TPCs are
the same from each cell which belongs to one NodeB.
The UE will combine the DL TPC by Maximum Ratio Combining (MRC) algorithm.
Therefore, other processing is the same as that in scenario1 (single radio link).
Soft handover
It means that the UE will receive more than one TPC in each slot, and all the TPCs
come from different NodeBs.
1-41
On the NodeB side, there are two phases to process power control during the soft
handover procedure:
Uplink synchronization phase:

The NodeB should send durative TPC=1 to newly-added radio link before
successful synchronization.
Multi-radio link phase:

Each NodeB and each cell will estimate the SIR individually and the general
TPC individually. Therefore, the UE may receive different TPC from different
RLS.
On the UE side, the UE will receive different TPCs from different RLS at the same time.
Therefore, the UE should combine all the TPCs which come from different NodeBs to
get TPC commands and adjust uplink transmit power according to the combined TPC
commands.
There is different UE TPC combination algorithm for PCA1 and PCA2.
In case of PCA1
First, the UE shall conduct a soft symbol decision W i on each of the power control
commands TPCi, where i = 1, 2, , N (N is greater than 1 and is the number of TPC
commands from radio links of different radio link sets.) That may be the result of a first
phase of combination.
Finally, the UE derives a combined TPC command, TPC_cmd, as a function of all the
N soft symbol decisions W i:
- TPC_cmd = (W1, W2, WN), where TPC_cmd can take the values 1 or -1.
The function shall fulfill the following criteria:
If the N TPCi commands are random and uncorrelated, with equal probability of being
transmitted as "0" or "1", the probability that the output of is equal to 1 shall be greater
than or equal to 1/(2N), and the probability that the output of is equal to -1 shall be
greater than or equal to 0.5. Further, the output of shall equal 1 if the TPC commands
from all the radio link sets are reliably 1, and the output of shall equal -1 if a TPC
command from any of the radio link sets is reliably 0.
Then, after deriving a combined TPC_cmd, the UE will adjust uplink transmit power as
pre-defined power step which is configured by the RNC.
In case of PCA2
The UE shall make a hard decision on the value of each TPCi, where i = 1, 2, , N (N is
the number of TPC commands from radio links of different radio link sets.) That may be
the result of a first phase of combination.

1-42
The UE shall follow this procedure for 5 consecutive slots, resulting in N hard decisions
for each of the 5 slots. The sets of 5 slots shall be aligned to the frame boundaries and
there shall be no overlap between each set of 5 slots.
The value of TPC_cmd is zero for the first 4 slots. After 5 slots have elapsed, the UE
shall determine the value of TPC_cmd for the fifth slot in the following way:
The UE first determines one temporary TPC command, TPC_tempi, for each of the N
sets of 5 TPC commands as follows:
- If all 5 hard decisions within a set are "1", TPC_tempi = 1.
- If all 5 hard decisions within a set are "0", TPC_tempi = -1.
- Otherwise, TPC_tempi = 0.
Finally, the UE derives a combined TPC command for the fifth slot, TPC_cmd, as a
function of all N temporary power control commands TPC_tempi:
TPC_cmd (5th slot) = (TPC_temp1, TPC_temp2, , TPC_tempN), where TPC_cmd
(5th slot) can take the values 1, 0 or 1, and is given by the following definition:
TPC_cmd is set to -1 if any of TPC_temp1 to TPC_tempN are equal to -1.
1
Otherwise, TPC_cmd is set to 1 if N
TPC _ temp
i =1
> 0 .5
.
Otherwise, TPC_cmd is set to 0.

Then, after deriving a combined TPC_cmd, the UE will adjust uplink transmit power as
1dB step.
II. Downlink Inner-Loop Power Control

Downlink inner-loop power control is used to control the power of the downlink DPCH.
The UE receives the SIR target from higher layers, estimates the downlink SIR from the
pilot symbols of the downlink DPCH, and compares this estimated SIR with the SIR
target.
If the estimated SIR is greater than the SIR target, the UE sends a TPC command
"down" to the NodeB.
Otherwise, the UE sends a TPC command up.

1-43
TPC
SIR estimation and

compare with SIR target
1500 Hz
SIR target
NodeB
UE
Figure 1-13 Downlink inner-loop power control

The following describes the downlink inner-loop power control:
Single Radio Link
The downlink power control can be classified into two modes.
The UE shall check the downlink power control mode (DPC_MODE) before the TPC
command is generated:
If DPC_MODE = 0,
The UE sends a unique TPC command in each slot and the TPC command
generated is transmitted in the first available TPC field in the uplink DPCCH.
If DPC_MODE = 1,
The UE repeats the same TPC command over 3 slots and the new TPC command
is transmitted such that there is a new command at the beginning of the frame.
The DPC_MODE parameter is a UE-specific parameter controlled by the UTRAN. The
DPC mode can be set by the DL POWER CONTROL MODE parameter.

1-44
Parameter name
DL power control mode
Parameter ID
DPCMODE
GUI range
SINGLE_TPC, TPC_TRIPLET_IN_SOFT,
TPC_AUTO_ADJUST.
None
Default value
SINGLE_TPC
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
SIGNLE_TPC, a fast power control mode, indicates that a unique TPC command is
sent in each time slot on DPCCH. TPC_TRIPLET_IN_SOFT, a slow power control
mode, indicates that the same TPC command is sent in three time slots, it is
applicable to soft handover and it can decrease the power deviation.
TPC_AUTO_ADJUST, an automatically adjusted mode, indicates that the value of
DPC_MODE can be modified by sending the message "ACTIVE SET UPDATE" to
UE.

Huawei sets the DL POWER CONTROL MODE parameter to singel_TPC as
default value for all power control configurations
Upon receiving the TPC commands, the UTRAN shall adjust its downlink
DPCCH/DPDCH power accordingly.
If DPC_MODE = 0, the UTRAN shall estimate the transmitted TPC command
TPCest to be 0 or 1, and shall update the power every slot.
If DPC_MODE = 1, the UTRAN shall estimate the transmitted TPC command
TPCest over three slots to be 0 or 1, and shall update the power every three slots.
After estimating the k:th TPC command, the UTRAN shall adjust the current downlink
power P(k-1) [dB] to a new power P(k) [dB] according to the following formula:
P(k) = P(k - 1) + PTPC(k) + Pbal(k)
Where:
PTPC(k) is the k:th power adjustment due to the inner loop power control.
Pbal(k) [dB] is a correction according to the downlink power control procedure for
balancing radio link powers towards a common reference power. For a single
radio link, Pbal equals 0.
PTPC(k) is calculated according to the following:
If the value of Limited Power Increase Used parameter is 'Not used', then,

1-45
+
PTPC (k ) = TPC
TPC
if TPC est (k ) = 1
if TPC est (k ) = 0
, [dB]
The limited power increase used parameter could be set by the parameter of
INNER_LOOP_DL_LMTED_PWR_INC_SWITCH.
Parameter name
Parameter ID
INNER_LOOP_DL_LMTED_PWR_INC_SWITCH
GUI range
1(ON), 0(OFF)
None
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
Description:
When it is checked, limited power increase algorithm is applied in the inner loop
power control.
If the value of limited power increase used parameter is 'Used', then, the k:th
inner loop power adjustment shall be calculated through the following formula:
+ TPC
PTPC (k ) = 0

TPC
if TPC est (k ) = 1 and sum (k ) + TPC < Power_Raise_Limit

if TPC est (k ) = 1 and sum (k ) + TPC Power_Raise_Limit
if TPC est (k ) = 0
, [dB]
The Power_Raise_Limit can be set by the POWER INCREASE LIMIT parameter.

Parameter name
Power increase limit
Parameter ID
POWERRAISELIMIT
GUI range
010
dB
Default value
10
Optional
MML command
Description:
The increase of DL transmit power within DlPowerAverageWindowSize cannot
exceed this parameter value.

1-46
Caution:
In order to change the value of the POWER INCREASE LIMIT parameter through
MOD CELLSETUP, the cell shall be firstly de-activated through DEA CELL.
Where:
sum
k 1
(k ) =
i = k DL_Power_A
(i )
TPC
veraging_W
indow_Size
is the temporary sum of the last DL_Power_Averaging_Window_Size inner loop power

adjustments (in dB). DL_Power_Averaging_Window_Size can be set by the DL
POWER WINDOW AVERAGE SIZE parameter.
Parameter name
DL power window average size
Parameter ID
DLPOWERAVERAGEWINDOWSIZE
GUI range
160
slot.
Default value
20
Optional
MML command
Description:
Content: UTRAN calculates the increase of DL transmit power within the period
defined via this parameter to determine whether the increase exceeds
PowerRaiseLimit. If so, UTRAN will not increase the power even when it receives
the command to raise the power.
Caution:
In order to change the value of the DL POWER WINDOW AVERAGE SIZE parameter
through MOD CELLSETUP, the cell shall be firstly de-activated through DEA CELL.
The power control step size TPC can be any of the four values of 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2 dB
and be set by the FDD DL POWER CONTROL STEP parameter.

1-47
Parameter name
FDD DL power control step size
Parameter ID
FDDTPCDLSTEPSIZE
GUI range
STEPSIZE_0.5DB, STEPSIZE_1DB, STEPSIZE_1.5DB,

STEPSIZE_2DB.
0.5, 1, 1.5, 2(dB)
Default value
STEPSIZE_1DB
Optional
MML command
SET FRC
Description:
Content: The step size of the closed loop power control performed on DL DPCH in
Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) mode.
Scenario Softer Handover

In the case of softer handover, the NodeB gets one TPC after MRC combination. Then
the downlink power procedure is the same as that in single radio link.
Soft Handover
For details about the soft handover, refer to the description in the subsection 1.6.5
Downlink Power Balance.
1.6.4 Outer-Loop Power Control

The aim of outer-loop power control is to maintain the communication quality at the
level required by the service bearer through adjustment of the SIR target. This control
acts on each DCH belonging to the same RRC connection.
The SIR target needs to be adjusted when the UE speed or the multi-path propagation
environment changes, so that the communication quality can maintain the same. If a
fixed SIR target is selected, the resulting quality of the communication might be too low
or too high, which may cause an unnecessary power rise in most situations.
I. Uplink Outer-Loop Power Control

The uplink quality is observed after macro diversity selection combining in the RNC.
Therefore, uplink outer-loop power control is performed in the SRNC.
The SRNC compares the RX BLER with the BLER target. If the RX BLER is greater
than the BLER target, the SRNC increases the SIR target; otherwise, decreases.
After adjusting the SIR target, the SRNC sends the new SIR target through FP frames
to all NodeBs for uplink inner loop power control.

1-48
BLER
measurement
and comparing
BLER target
settting
SIR measurement
and comparing
Outer loop
Inner loop
SIR target settting
Sent TPC
UE
RNC
NodeB
Figure 1-14 Uplink outer-loop power control procedure
The uplink outer-loop power control for all UEs can be deactivated by OLPC_SWITCH;
or by setting SIR ADJUSTMENT STEP to zero to deactivate uplink outer loop power
control for different services.
Parameter name
Parameter ID
OLPC_SWITCH
GUI range
0, 1.
OFF, ON (NONE)
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH
Description:
When it is ON, RNC will update the uplink SIR TARGET of RLs on the NODEB side
by IUB DCH FP signals.
Initial SIR Target Setting

The initial SIR target value is provided by the RNC to the NodeB through the SIR INIT
TARGET VALUE parameter which is service-dependent. This value is transmitted to
the NodeB using NBAP signaling at each RADIO LINK SETUP or RADIO LINK
RECONFIGURATION PREPARE.

1-49
Parameter name
SIR init target value
Parameter ID
INITSIRTARGET
GUI range
0255
-8.217.3; step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command
ADD TYPSRBOLPC/MOD TYPSRBOLPC/ ADD

TYPRABOLPC/MOD TYPRABOLPC
Description:
This parameter defines the initial SIR target value of Outer Loop Power Control
algorithm. Value 0 corresponds to -8.2 dB, value 10 to -7.2 dB, and value 255 to 17.3
dB.
For the same SRB or TRB, SIR INIT TARGET VALUE, MAXIMUM SIR TARGET
and MINIMUM SIR TARGET must verify the following relationship:
MINIMUM SIR TARGET SIR INIT TARGET VALUE MAXIMUM SIR TARGET
SIR Target Adjustment

The outer-loop power control adjusts SIR target through a OLPC ADJUSTMENT
PERIOD parameter as follows:
SIRtar(n)MAX [ SIRtar ( n 1) +
BLERmeas (( n 1), i ) BLERtar (i )

* Step (i) * factor ]
BLERtar (i)
In the above formula, meanings of the parameters are as follows:

i is the ith transmission channel.
n is the nth adjustment period.
SIRtar(n) is the SIR target used by the nth adjustment period which could be set by
parameter OLPC ADJUSTMENT PERIOD.

MAX is the maximum value in the total i transmission channels.
ErrTb ( ni)
BLER meas ( n, i)
Tb( ni) measured for the
BLERmeas(n,i) is the instantaneous
ith transmission channel in the nth adjustment period.
- Tb(n,i) is the number of error blocks in the TBs received from the ith transmission
channel in the nth adjustment period.

- ErrTb(n,i) is the number of error blocks indicated by the CRCI in the Tb(n,i) that
is received from the ith transmission channel.

1-50
BLERtar(i) is the BLER target of the ith transmission channel, which could be set
by parameter SERVICE DCH_BLER TARGET VALUE.

Step(i) is the adjustment step of the ith transmission channel, which could be set
by parameter SIR ADJUSTMENT STEP.

factor is the adjustment factor which could be set by parameter SIR
ADJUSTMENT COEFFICIENT.
Parameter name
OLPC adjustment period
Parameter ID
SIRADJUSTPERIOD
GUI range
1100
101000, step: 10(ms)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command

Description:
Outer Loop Power Control varies with radio environment. A fast changing radio
environment leads to a shorter Outer Loop Power Control adjustment period, while a
slower changing one makes the period longer.
Parameter name
SIR measurement filter coefficient
Parameter ID
SIRMEASFILTERCOEF
GUI range
D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D11, D13, D15,
D17, D19.
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19(NONE)
Default value
D0
Optional
MML command
SET OLPC
Description:
The filter coefficient used for SIR measurement.

1-51
Parameter name
SIR adjustment coefficient
Parameter ID
SIRADJUSTFACTOR
GUI range
110
0.11; step: 0.1(NONE)
Default value
10
Optional
MML command
SET OLPC/ADD CELLOLPC/MOD CELLOLPC
Description:
It is used to adjust the best OLPC step when the OLPC algorithm is given.
Parameter name
BLER target value
Parameter ID
BLERQUALITY
GUI range
-630
5*10^(-7) 1(NONE)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command
ADD TYPSRBOLPC/MOD TYPSRBOLPC/ADD

Description:
If signalling is carried over DCH, this parameter indicates the target transmission
quality of DCH, that is, DCH BLER target value at the radio interface. This parameter
is related to QoS and is used by the CRNC to determine the SIR target for admission
and power management. Use the formula below to get the parameter integer value:
10*Log10(BLER).
If the BLER TARGET VALUE parameter changes, the SIR ADJUSTMENT STEP
parameter should modify synchronously. For the same SRB or TRB, if the default
value of BLER TARGET VALUE and SIR ADJUSTMENT STEP are BLERquality1
and SirAdjustStep1, after change, the value of BLER TARGET VALUE and SIR
ADJUSTMENT STEP are BLERquality2 and SirAdjustStep2,
BLERquality1, SirAdjustStep1, BLERquality2, SirAdjustStep2 must verify the
following relationship:
(1-BLERquality1) * SirAdjustStep1/BLERquality1 = (1-BLERquality2) *
SirAdjustStep2/BLERquality2

1-52
Parameter name
SIR adjustment step
Parameter ID
SIRADJUSTSTEP
GUI range
010000
010, step: 0.001(dB)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command

Description:
Adjustment step of SIR target used by the outer loop power control algorithm.
The principles to adjust SIR target in case of multi-services are described as follows:
The maximum value of SIR target among multiple services is used for the SIR
target adjustment.
If one of the services requires increasing the SIR target, the maximum value is
used for the adjustment in the increase.
Only when all the services require reducing the SIR target, the maximum value is
used for the adjustment in the decrease.
SIR target adjustment limitation
The service-dependent parameters MAXIMUM SIR INCREASE STEP and Maximum

SIR decrease step limit the changes to the SIR target during any adjustment. Compute
the quantity SIRtar = SIRtar(n+1) SIRtar(n):
If ( SIRtar > 0 ) AND (SIRtar > MAXIMUM SIR INCREASE STEP)
Then SIRtar(n+1) = SIRtar(n) + MAXIMUM SIR INCREASE STEP
If ( SIRtar < 0 ) AND (ABS(SIRtar) > MAXSIRSTEPDOWN)
Then SIRtar(n+1) = SIRtar(n) MAXSIRSTEPDOWN

1-53
Parameter name
Maximum SIR increase step
Parameter ID
MAXSIRSTEPUP
GUI range
010000
010, step: 0.001(dB)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command
ADD TYPRABOLPC/MOD TYPRABOLPC
Description:
Maximum allowed SIR step-up within an Outer Loop Power Control adjustment
period.
Parameter name
Maximum SIR decrease step
Parameter ID
MAXSIRSTEPDN
GUI range
010000
010, step: 0.001 (dB)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command
ADD TYPSRBOLPC/MOD TYPSRBOLPC/ADD

Description:
Maximum allowed SIR step-down within an Outer Loop Power Control adjustment
period.
SIR target limitation

The service-dependent parameters MAXIMUM SIR TARGET and MINIMUM SIR
TARGET limit the SIR target during any adjustment.

1-54
Parameter name
Maximum SIR target
Parameter ID
MAXSIRTARGET
GUI range
0255
-8.217.3; step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command

Description:
dB.
Parameter name
Minimum SIR target
Parameter ID
MINSIRTARGET
GUI range
0255
-8.217.3; step: 0.1(dB)
Default value
Refer to Table 1-3.
Mandatory
MML command

Description:
dB.
Table 1-3 Outer-loop Power Control Parameters on RAB basis

Service
DCH_B
LER
target
value
SIR init
target
value
Maximu
m SIR
target
Minim
um SIR
target
SRB 3.4k
-20
102
132
62
SRB
13.6k
-20
122
132
AMR
12.2k
-20
102
132
Service
OLPC
adjust
ment
period
SIR
adjust
ment
step
Maximu
m SIR
increas
e step
MaxSir
StepDo
wn
400
200
62
10
500
200
62
500
200

1-55
Service
DCH_B
LER
target
value
SIR init
target
value
Maximu
m SIR
target
Minim
um SIR
target
CSD 64k
-27
122
152
62
PS I/B 8k
-20
102
132
PS I/B
16k
-20
102
PS I/B
32k
-20
PS I/B
64k
SIR
adjust
ment
step
Maximu
m SIR
increas
e step
MaxSir
StepDo
wn
1000
100
62
400
200
132
62
400
200
102
132
62
400
200
-20
102
132
62
400
200
PS I/B
128k
-20
102
132
62
400
200
PS I/B
144k
-20
107
137
62
400
200
PS I/B
256k
-20
122
152
62
400
200
PS I/B
384k
-20
142
172
62
400
200
Service
OLPC
adjust
ment
period
Note:
CSD: CS data services.

I/B: Interactive and Background.
II. Downlink Outer-Loop Power Control

The downlink outer-loop power control is implemented in the UE. Therefore, this
algorithm is UE-manufacturer specific. The information signaled to the UE by the RNC
is a quality target for each radio bearer, expressed as a BLER target. Then, depending
on the mobile-manufacturer specific outer-loop algorithm, an initial SIR target value
may be deduced from this BLER value and then regularly updated or not.
The BLER target quality is configurable per RAB, defined by SERVICE DCH_BLER
TARGET VALUE in Table 1-3.

1-56
1.6.5 Downlink Power Balance

During soft handover, the UL TPC command is demodulated in each RLS and due to
demodulation errors, the DL transmit power of the each branch drift separately, which
causes loss to the macro-diversity gain.
During the softer handover, the difference between the initial transmit power of added
link and existing link may also cause the power drift. The DL Power Balance (DPB)
algorithm is introduced to reduce the power drift between links during the soft handover
and the softer handover.
RNC
NodeB
NodeB
UE
Figure 1-15 Downlink power balance
The implementation of the DPB algorithm is as follows:

1)
According to measurement control (the measurement parameters includes DPB

MEASUREMENT REPORT PERIOD, DPB MEASUREMENT FILTER
COEFFICIENT parameters) from the RNC, the NodeB periodically reports the
TCP (transmit code power) of RL in soft/softer handover.

1-57
Parameter name
DPB measurement report period
Parameter ID
RPTPERIOD
GUI range
16000
1060000; step: 10(ms)
Default value
70
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
The report period of downlink power measurement.
Parameter name
DPB measurement filter coefficient
Parameter ID
DPBMEASFILTERCOEF
GUI range
D0, D1, D2, D3, D4, D5, D6, D7, D8, D9, D11, D13, D15,
D17, D19
0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 13, 15, 17, 19(None)
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
The filter coefficient for the measured values in NodeB.
2)
The RNC determines the power difference of RL for UE in softer status, if the
power difference is larger than DPB TRIGGERING THRESHOLD, and then starts
the power balance, if less than DPB STOP THRESHOLD, then stops the power
balancing; for UE in soft status, DPB is always triggered.

1-58
Parameter name
DPB triggering threshold
Parameter ID
DPBSTARTTHD
GUI range
0255
0127.5; step: 0.5(dB)
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
The threshold of triggering DL power balancing in softer handover. When the

difference of the power values of every two paths is greater than or equal to this
threshold in softer handover, the RNC shall trigger DL power balancing; otherwise,
shall not.
Parameter name
DPB stop threshold
Parameter ID
DPBSTOPTHD
GUI range
0255
0127.5; step: 0.5.(dB)
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
The threshold of stopping DL power balancing in softer handover. When the

difference of the power values of every two paths is smaller than or equal to this
threshold in softer handover, the RNC shall stop DL power balancing; otherwise,
shall not.
3)
After starting power balancing, the RNC calculates the UE DL reference power Pref
and sends the Pref to the NodeB by the DOWNLINK POWER CONTROL
REQUEST message:
Pref
= (RATIO FOR MAX POWER) / 100 * (Pmax-Pcpich) + (1- RATIO FOR MAX
POWER / 100) * (Pmin - Pcpich)

Where:
Pmax is the maximum value in the UE s all RL DL TCP (transmit code power) ;
Pmin is the minimum value in the UE s all RL DL TCP (transmit code power).
The
DOWNLINK
POWER
CONTROL
REQUEST
message
includes
DPB
ADJUSTMENT RATIO, DPB ADJUSTMENT PERIOD, MAX DPB ADJUSTMENT

STEP parameters.
1-59
Parameter name
Ratio for max power
Parameter ID
RATIOFORMAXPOWER
GUI range
0100
01; step: 0.01(None)
Default value
50
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
The ratio of the maximum power in calculation of reference power for DPB.
Parameter name
DPB adjustment ratio
Parameter ID
ADJUSTRATIO
GUI range
0100
01; step: 0.01
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
The adjustment ratio for DPB.
Parameter name
DPB adjustment period
Parameter ID
ADJUSTPERIOD
GUI range
1256
frame
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
DPB adjustment period.

1-60
Parameter name
Max DPB adjustment step
Parameter ID
MAXADJUSTSTEP
GUI range
110
slot
Default value
Optional
MML command
SET DPB
Description:
During downlink power adjustment, the maximum adjustment step should not
exceed 1dB within the slots specified by this parameter.
4)
The NodeB calculates the power on each radio link according to the following rule:
P(i) = P(i-1) + PTPC(i) + Pbal(i)
Where:
P(i) is TCP of slot i and P(i-1) is TCP of slot i-1.
PTPC(i) is the result of inner-loop power control.
Pbal is a corrective term introduced by power balance.
In one DPB ADJUSTMENT PERIOD, the total correction Pbal is defined as:
bal
= (1 r )( Pref + PP CPICH Pinit )
Where, r is DPB ADJUSTMENT RATIO and Pinit is the current DL DPDCH power.
1.7 Capabilities
None.
1.8 Implementation
1.8.1 Enabling Power Control
This feature does not need extra hardware or initialization. It takes effect automatically.
For the network planning or optimization, the data can be adjusted on the RNC LMT as
required.
1.8.2 Reconfiguring Power Control Parameters

I. Parameter Reconfiguration on the RNC Side
Table 1-4 describes the commands used for the reconfiguration on the RNC side.

1-61
Table 1-4 Commands for the reconfiguration on the RNC side

Function
About the
RNC-oriented OLPC
algorithm parameters
About the
cell-oriented OLPC
About the DPB

About the
RNC-oriented FRC
About the
connection-oriented
algorithm switches
About the PRACH

parameters over UU
interface
Command
To query the RNC-oriented

OLPC algorithm parameters
LST OLPC
To set the RNC-oriented

SET OLPC
To add the cell-oriented OLPC

ADD CELLOLPC
To modify the cell-oriented

MOD CELLOLPC
To remove the cell-oriented

RMV CELLOLPC
To query the DPB algorithm

parameters
LST DPB
To set the DPB algorithm

parameters
SET DPB
To query the RNC-oriented

FRC algorithm parameters
LST FRC
To set the RNC-oriented FRC

SET FRC
To query the
connection-oriented algorithm
switches
LST
CORRMALGOSWITCH
To set the connection-oriented

algorithm switches
SET
CORRMALGOSWITCH
To modify the PRACH

parameters over UU interface
MOD PRACHUUPARAS
II. Parameter Reconfiguration on the NodeB Side

None.
III. Examples
1)
Example 1
Task: Enable the uplink outer-loop power control switch and downlink power
balancing switch.
Command:
SET CORRMALGOSWITCH:
PCSWITCH=OLPC_SWITCH-1&DOWNLINK_POWER_BALANCE_SWITCH-1;
2)
Example 2

1-62
Task: Modify the TFCIPO, TPCPO, and PILOTPO of the downlink DPCCH to 3 dB,
4 dB, and 5 dB respectively.
Command:
SET FRC: TFCIPO=12, TPCPO=16, PILOTPO=20;
3)
Example 3
Task: Modify the adjust factor of uplink SIR to 5.
Command:
SET OLPC: SIRADJUSTFACTOR=5;
1.8.3 Disabling Power Control

The power control is a basic feature. Therefore, it can only be adjusted instead of being
disabled.
1.9 Maintenance Information

1.9.1 Alarms
None.
1.9.2 Counters
None.
1.10 References
3GPP, 25.211 Physical channels and mapping of transport channels onto
physical channels (FDD)
3GPP, 25.214 "Physical layer procedures (FDD)"
3GPP, 25.331 "RRC Protocol Specification"
3GPP, 25.433 UTRAN Iub interface NodeB Application Part (NBAP) signaling

1-63

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Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Power Control .............................................................................................................. 1-1

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Chapter 1 Power Control

Modified the principles to adjust SIR target in case of

Add description to the Rate Matching.

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1.2.3 Terms and Abbreviations

3rd Generation Partnership Project

Bit Error Rate

Block Error Rate

Code Division Multiple Access

Common Packet Channel

Common Pilot Channel

Downlink Power Balance

Dedicated Physical Control Channel

Dedicated Physical Channel

Dedicated Physical Data Channel

Frequency Division Duplex

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Frame Error Rate

Local Maintenance Terminal

Maximum Ratio Combining

Outer-Loop Power Control

Power Control Algorithm

Primary Common Pilot Channel

Physical Random Access Channel

Radio Access Network

Radio Network Controller

Radio Resource Control

Received Signal Code Power

Received Total Wideband Power

Transport Format Combination Indicator

Transmit Power Control

Universal Mobile Telecommunications System

UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network

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Table 1-1 NEs required for power control

1.3.2 Software Release

V100R002 and later releases

V100R006 and later releases

V100R002 and later releases

V100R002 and later releases

1.4.2 On Other Features

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1.6 Technical Description

1.6.1 Power Control Configuration Model

Figure 1-1 Power control configuration model (1)

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Max UL TX power of conversational service

TFCI power offset

Max UL TX power of streaming service

TPC power offset

Max UL TX power of interactive service

Pilot power offset

Max UL TX power of background service

Power control algorithm selection

RRC Proc DPDCH PC preamble length

UL closed loop power control step size

RRC Proc SRB delay

DL power control mode

HHO Proc DPDCH PC preamble length