5/7/2016

TypesofAmmeters,VoltmetersElectricalInstruments

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INSTRUMENTATION

Types of
Ammeters,
Voltmeters
Electrical
Instruments

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TypesofAmmeters,VoltmetersElectricalInstruments

BY ADMIN SEPTEMBER 15, 2014

IntroductionAmmeter
&Voltmeter:

Directmeasurement
ofvoltageandcurrentisdone
withtheuseofvoltmeterand
ammeterrespectively.In
constructionandprincipleof
operation,boththeinstruments

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areverymuchsame.
Connectingvoltmeterand
ammeterinaCircuit:

Voltmeterisusedtomeasure
the

potential

difference

acrossaload.
So the resistance of the
voltmeter shall be very high
compared

to

circuit

resistance.
In contrast to this, if the
voltmeter resistance is small,

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andconnectingthevoltmeter

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Tutorials (14)

across load will be equal to

parallel connecting another
load.
Then the circuit conditions
are changed very much and
no worthwhile reading will
bemeasured.
Sotheresistanceofvoltmeter
mustbeveryhigh.
Ifthemetersmovingsystem
has only a small resistance,
additional resistance will be
included in series with the
movingcoil.
This additional resistance is
known

as

swamping

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Anammeterisusedto
measurethecurrentflows

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throughthecircuit.
Sotheresistancemustbe
verysmall.
If the ammeter resistance is

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very high, it will introduce

highresistanceinserieswith
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Kelvins Law in Power

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TypesofAmmeters,VoltmetersElectricalInstruments

System

theexistingcircuitandisturb
thecircuitconditions.
Ammeter

should

never

connect across a load or

voltagesource.
DIYElectricalElectro

ClassificationofAmmetersand

3,293likes

Voltmeters
TypesofAmmeters,Voltmeters

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Ammetersandvoltmetersare
classifiedasfollows:
1. MovingIronType

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(a)Attractiontype
(b)Repulsiontype
2. MovingCoil

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(a)Permanentmagnettype
(b)Dynamometertype
3. Hotwire

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4. Inductiontype
5. Electrostatic(voltmeteronly)

Someofthemetersmaybeused
forDCaswellasAC
measurements.Somemaybe
usedforDConlyandsomeforac
measurementsonly.
DCandACinstruments:
Thoseinstruments
whosedeflectionsare
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TypesofAmmeters,VoltmetersElectricalInstruments

proportionaltothesquareofthe
currentorvoltagetobemeasured
maybeusedforDCaswellasac
measurements.
Thefollowingtypesof
instrumentsareusedfordual
purpose.
MovingIronattractiontype
MovingIronrepulsiontype
Movingcoildynamometer
type
Electrostatictype
Hotwiretype
Onemoretypecalledasrectifier
instruments.Itisapermanent
magnetmovingcoilinstrument
plusarectifierisalsosuitablefor
ac/dcmeasurements.
InDC,onlythecoilresistanceis
theoppositiontocurrent
flow.Butinac,thecoilresistance
andreactancewillopposethe
flowofcurrent.Soonescalemay
notsuitforbothacanddc
readings.Somemeters(like
rectifiertypemeters),willhave
separatescalefordcandac
measurements.
OnlyDCinstruments
Inanyinstrument,ifthe
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deflectionisdirectlyproportional
tothevoltageorcurrenttobe
measured,thentheyaresuitable
fordcmeasurementonly.If
weusesuchkindinstrumentinac
circuit,themovingsystemwill
trytomoveforwardand
backwardseveraltimeswithina
second.Soitwillsimply
vibrateandnoreadingwillbe
shown.ThepermanentMagnet
MovingCoilmeter(PMMC)is
theonesuitedfordc
measurementonly.
OnlyACInstruments
Theinstrumentswhich
utilizetheelectromagnetic
inducedcurrentforproducing
deflectionareusedforac
measurementonly.Weknowthat
electromagneticinductionisnot
possiblewithDCcurrent.
Therefore,inductiontype
instruments(Voltmeter,ammeter
andwattmeter)areusedonlyfor
ACmeasurements.
Youmayalsoliketoread:
HowWattmeterworks?
TypesofElectricalRelays
TidalPowerPlantTutorial

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