MT R07, Sup, AprilMay - 2012

Set No: 1
Code No:- V3117/R07
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

MACHINE TOOLS
(Mechanical Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
*****
1. a) Describe the effects of cutting fluids on chip formation. Explain why and how they
influence the cutting operation.
b) Using the Taylor equation for tool wear and letting n = 0.3, calculate the percentage
increase in tool life if the cutting speed is reduced by (a) 30% and (b) 60%.
2. a) Describe any three work holding devices used on the lathe.
b) Differentiate between capstan lathe and turret lathe?
3. How can you classify the planers? Explain working principle and mention parts of a
planer by neat sketches
4.
a) What operations can be done on a drilling machine? Discuss them with diagrams.
b) What is boring? Sketch a boring tool.
5. How will you classify milling machines? Using neat sketch, describe the principal parts
of the horizontal milling machine by neat sketches.
6. a) What do you understand by grit, grade, bond and structure of a grinding wheel?
Explain?
b) Describe the cylindrical grinding operation. Give an idea of the grinding wheel and
work speeds recommended for this operation.
7. a) Name some of the abrasive operations available to achieve very good surface finishes?
Explain any one with neat diagram
b) What is the difference between internal broaching and external broaching?
8. a) What are the basic rules considering while designing a clamp? Explain
b) Explain the principle of six point location
*****
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Set No: 2
Code No:- V3117/R07

MACHINE TOOLS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) Explain the possible disadvantages of a machining operation if a discontinuous chip is
produced.
b) Assume that in orthogonal cutting the rake angle is 150 and the coefficient of friction
is 0.2. Determine the percentage increase in chip thickness when friction is doubled.
2. Name the different types of the lathes available in machine shop? Describe the working
of a centre lathe
3. With the help of schematic sketch, describe the basic working principle and important
parts of shaper machine. Also describe the difference in operation between shaper and
planer.
4. With the help of a line diagram, describe the construction of radial drilling machine
5. a) Describe the relative characteristics of climb milling and up milling and their
importance in machining operations.
b) Explain the principle of differential indexing
6. a)What are the five principal parameters of a grinding wheel? Explain
b) Describe the surface grinding operations with disc as well as cup type wheel.
7. a) Describe workpieces and conditions under which broaching would be the preferred
method of machining? Explain any one with neat diagram?
b) With appropriate sketches, explain the differences between and similarities among the
Lapping and Honing processes.
8. a) What are the different clamping devices? Explain any three with neat diagrams?
b) What are the different work holding devices? Explain any three with neat diagrams?
*****
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Set No: 3
Code No:- V3117/R07

MACHINE TOOLS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) Describe the advantages of oblique cutting. Which machining process involve oblique
cutting? Explain with neat diagram
b) In a dry cutting operation using a 50 rake angle, the measured forces were Fc = 1330
N and Ft = 740 N. When a cutting fluid was used, these forces were Fc = 1200 N and Ft
= 710 N. What is the change in the friction angle resulting from the use of a cutting
fluid?
2. a) With the help of a line diagram, describe the gear mechanism of an engine lathe.
b) What are the main parts of capstan lathe? Describe with neat diagrams?
3. a) How can you classify the shapers and How can you specify a shaper?
b) Explain the principle of quick return motion mechanism of a shaper. What is need of
this mechanism?
4. a) List the devices commonly used for holding the work on a drilling machine, and
describe any three.
b) With the help of a line diagram, describe the construction of Jig Boring machine
5. With the help of a neat sketch explain vertical type milling machine and name its main
parts.
6.
a) What are the three mechanisms of grinding wheel wear? Explain?

b) What is dressing, in reference to grinding wheels? Explain with neat diagram?
7. a) What is lapping? Explain with neat diagram?

b) With appropriate sketches, explain the differences between the Lapping and grinding
processes.
8. a) What is the difference between jig and fixture? Explain the difference with the help of
a diagram?
b) What are the different types of turning fixtures? Explain them with neat diagrams?
*****
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Set No: 4
Code No:- V3117/R07

MACHINE TOOLS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. The following data are available from orthogonal cutting experiments. In both cases,
depth ofcut (feed) to = 0.13 mm, width of cut w = 2.5 mm, rake angle = 50 and cutting
speed V = 2 m/s.
Determine the shear angle friction coefficient , shear stress and shear strain on the shear
plane, chip velocity Vc and shear velocity Vs.
2. Name different methods of taper turning? Describe these methods using neat sketches.
3. a) Make neat sketch of a slotter. Explain its working with applications
b) Differentiate between shaper, planer and slotter
4. a) Define cutting speed, feed and machining time for drilling
b) Sketch a twist drill and name its different parts.
5. a) Explain various types of milling operations using neat sketches.
b) What is indexing? Describe direct indexing, with example
6. a) What are the functions of a grinding fluid? Explain?
b) What is center less grinding? Explain with neat diagram?
7.
a) What is honing? Explain with neat diagram?

b) What is the difference between internal broaching and external broaching?
8. a) What is the difference between jig and fixture? Explain the difference with the help of
a diagram?
b) What are the different types of drilling jigs? Explain them with neat diagrams?
*****
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Set No: 1
Code No:- V3118/R07

ANTENNAS AND WAVE PROPAGATION
(Electronics and Communications Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. (a) Derive the relationship between directivity and effective area, directivity and effective
length.
(b) Define
(i) Radiation Intensity
(ii) Beam Area
(iii) Effective Height
(iv)Resolution
[8+8]
2. (a) Give the expression for electric field due to current element. Find the distance from a
radiating element with 60Hz current such that radiation and induction fields are equal.
(b) What is short magnetic Di-pole? How is it realized?
[8+8]
3. (a)What is the necessity of an array? Explain the three different types of arrays with regard
to beam pointing direction.
(b) 64 isotropic elements are to be arranged in a binomial array form. Determine the
current ratios and find polar plot of the array.
[8+8]
4. (a) Explain in detail the constructional features of helical antenna?
(b) Compare the requirements and radiation characteristics of resonant and non resonant
radiators.
[8+8]
5. (a)Establish and explain the gain and beam width relations for a parabolic reflector and
account for its beam shaping considerations.
(b)Write short notes on: Casssegrainian antennas.
[8+8]
6. (a) Write short notes on
(i)Accelerating lenses
(ii)Bandwidth and tolerance of lenses
(b) How is the field pattern of the Receiving Antenna experimentally determined?
Explain it with a neat block diagram.
[8+8]
7. (a)Account for the type of propagation and the associated characteristics for medium wave
radio broadcasting signals.
(b) Define and Distinguish between the terms: MUF, LUHF, Optimum Frequency. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the phenomenon of duct propagation.
(b) Write short notes on
(i) M curves and their characteristics.
(ii) Tropo Scatter Propagation of EM waves.
*****
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[8+8]
Set No: 2
Code No:- V3118/R07

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. Find the effective length of /2 dipole and /4 monopole. Hence calculate their
directivities using the appropriate radiating resistances.
[16]
2. (a)What are short antennas? Estimate the radiation resistances of short dipoles and short
monopoles. Explain their current distribution with neat sketches.
(b)Explain, sketch and compare radiation patterns of horizontal halfwave dipole with
those of vertical halfwave dipole.
8+8]
3. (a)How an unidirectional pattern is obtained in an end fire array? Explain in detail?
(b)List out the mathematical relations for a N element half wavelength spaced binomial
array. Hence find the directivity, HPBW for N=20.
[8+8]
4. (a) Explain how rhombic antenna is formed by a V-antenna and an inverted V-antenna.
(b)Differentiate between travelling wave antennas and standing wave antennas? [8+8]
5. (a) With reference to paraboloides, Explain the following:
(i)Aperture efficiency
(ii)Front to back ratio
(iii)Types of feeds
(b)Design yagi-Uda antenna of 6 elements to provide a gain of 12dB if the operating
frequency is 200 MHz.
[8+8]
6. (a) What is zoning? What are its advantages?
(b)Discuss the applications of Horn antenna. Sketch the sectoral horns.
[8+8]
7. (a)Discuss the importance of ground wave propagation for communication purposes.

Why ground waves are not received beyond certain range. Explain the phenomenon.
(b) Establish the effects of D-Layer in sky wave propagation.
[10+6]
8. With neat diagrams, explain the important features of different types of space wave
propagation of electromagnetic waves over long distance even beyond the horizon. For
what frequency range this is applicable and why?
[16]
*****
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Set No: 3
Code No:- V3118/R07

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. (a)Define reciprocity theorem and prove it in case of a antenna system.
(b)Show that for a Hertzian dipole, the aperture area is 0.12 2 and for a halfwave
dipole, it is 0.13 2 . And for an isotropic, it is 0.08 2 . Explain the relation used. [8+8]
2. (a)Find the radiation resistance and directivity of a circular loop antenna of 20cms
diameter at a frequency of 100 MHz. What happens?
i) If the loop is changed into a square loop of same area.
ii) If the no. of terms of the circular loop is doubled.
(b)What are the advantages and disadvantages of binomial array?
[8+8]
3. (a)A linear broad side array consists of four equal elements in phase point sources with
/3 spacing. Calculate and field pattern. Also find the directivity and beam width.
(b) Distinguish between ordinary EFA and BSA with increased directivity and compare
them.
[10+6]
4. (a) Explain how rhombic antenna is formed by a V-antenna and an inverted V-antenna.
(b)Explain the reason why length of a travelling wave radiation is multiple of half
wavelength.
[8+8]
5. (a) Compare the requirements and radiation characteristics of resonant and non resonant
radiators.
(b)Determine the lengths and spacing requirements for a 3-element Yagi-Uda antenna
array at 500MHz, and explain it characteristics.
[6+10]
6. (a)What is the principle of equality of path length? How is it applicable to horn antenna?
(b)Discuss how the directivity of horn antenna can be measured.
[8+8]
7. (a) Discuss the importance of ground wave propagation for communication purposes.
(b) What is wave tilt and how does it affect the field strength received at a distance from
the transmitter.
[8+8]
8. (a)Discuss the phenomenon and effect of the reflection of radio waves by earths surface.
(b)Explain the principle of operation of terrestrial line of sight of communication. [8+8]
*****
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Set No: 4
Code No:- V3118/R07

Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. (a) Define and explain the following terms.
i) Gain
ii) Directivity iii) Radiation resistance iv) Bandwidth
(b)A source has bidirectional power pattern with a radiation intensity of U=4sin. Find
the directivity and HPBW sketching the pattern.
[8+8]
2. (a)Derive expressions for the electric and magnetic fields radiated by a half wavelength
dipole antenna.
(b)A grounded vertical antenna has an effective height of 111.3m and operates at a
wavelength of 18.8 Km, with base current of 725A, Find the E and H fields at a distance
of 150 Km and power radiated by it.
[8+8]
3. (a)What is array factor? Find the array factor of 4 element array?
(b)For an array of 2 identical infinitesimal dipoles oriented with a separation of D and
phase excitation difference B between the elements, find the angles of observation where
the nulls of the array occurs. The magnitude of excitation of the elements is same. [8+8]
4. (a)Explain the constructional features and distinguish between unidirectional and
bidirectional V-Antennas.
(b)Discuss the characteristics, merits and demerits of a folded dipole, with and without
parasitic elements.
[8+8]
5. (a) With a neat sketch explain the image formation for the case of 450 corner reflector.
(b) Write short notes on diffraction effects in plane sheet reflectors.
[8+8]
6. (a)Distinguish between sectoral, pyramidal and conical horns, with neat sketches. List out
their utility and applications.
(b)With neat setup, explain the absolute method of measuring the gain of an antenna.
[8+8]
7. (a)For vertical incidence, determine the critical frequency for reflection by the ionosphere
if maximum value of electron density is 1.24 X 106 /CC. What happens if the angle of
incidence is changed in to 600. Establish the relations used.
(b) Describe any two types of fading normally encountered in radio wave propagation.
How are the problems of fading overcome?
[8+8]
8. (a) What is LOS propagation? Under what conditions it can exists?
(b) Explain the formation of inversion layer in the troposphere in the phenomenon of duct
propagation.
[8+8]
*****
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Set No: 1
Code No:- V3112/R07

POWER ELECTRONICS
(Electrical and Electronics Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) What are the differences in the gating characteristics of BJTs and MOSFETs?
b) Explain the Static and dynamic characteristics of SCR with neat diagrams
2. a) Derive the static equalizing and dynamic equalizing parameters in case of series and
parallel connected SCRs.
b) A string of four series-connected thyristors is provided with static and dynamic
equalizing circuits. This string has to with stand an off-state voltage of 10 KV the static
equalizing resistance is 25k and the dynamic equalizing resistance has Rc =40 ohms and
C=0.08micro farad. The leakage currents for four thyristors are 21mA, 25mA, 18mA and
16mA. Determine voltage across each SCR.
3. a) Explain the effect of freewheeling diode in detail. Also justify the statement
Freewheeling diode improves the power factor of the system.
b) A 1- Half wave controlled converter is operated from a 120V, 50Hz supply. Load
resistance R=10 ohms .If the average output voltage is 25% of maximum possible
average output voltage, Determine (i) Firing angle (ii) R.M.S and Average output
current.
4. a) Describe the working of 1- fully controlled bridge converter. Also sketch the
following wave forms.
i) Load voltage ii) Load current wave forms.
b) A 1- Full converter feeds power to RLE load with R=6ohm, L=6mH and E=60V.
The ac source voltage is 230V, 50Hz. For continuous conduction, find the average value
of load current for a firing angle delay of 50.
5. a) Explain the effect of source inductance on the performance of a 3- fully controlled
bridge converter.
b) A 3- Full converter feds power to a resistive load of 10 ohms. For a firing angle delay
of 30, the load taken 5Kw. Find the magnitude of per phase input supply voltage.
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Set No: 1
Code No:- V3112/R07
6. a ) Explain the operation of 1- AC voltage controller with a neat circuit diagram and
output wave forms with respect to source voltage wave forms at =60 for resistive load.
b) Two SCRs connected back to back have a load resistance of 400 ohm and a supply of
110V A.C if the firing angle is 60. Find
i ) The R.M.S output voltage .
ii) Average power.
7. a) Explain the operation of Jones chopper with neat wave forms.
b) A Load commutated chopper, Fed from 230 V D.C source has a constant load current
of 50 A. For a duty cycle of 0.4 and a chopping frequency of 2 KHz calculate,
i) The value of commutating capacitance
ii) Average output voltage
iii) Circuit turn off time for one SCR pair.
iv) Total commutation interval.
8. a) Draw and explain the simple SCR series inverter circuit employing class A type
commutation with the help of important waveforms. State the limitations of this inverter.
b)A Single phase half bridge inverter has a resistive load of R= 3 ohms and D.C input
voltage Ed.c = 50 V. calculate,
i) R.M.S output voltage at fundamental frequency
ii) The output power
iii) Average and peak current of each thyristors.
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Code No:- V3112/R07
Set No: 2

POWER ELECTRONICS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1.
a) What are the differences between BJTs and IGBTS.?

b) The Latching current of a thyristor with D.C voltage source of 100 is 50mA.Calculate
the value of minimum width of the gate pulse current when connected to a pure inductive
load of 1H.Compute the effect, If a resistance of 10ohms is connected in series with the
load.
2.
a) Draw the equivalent diagram of SCR with two transistors and hence explain its operation
b) SCRs with a rating of 1000V and 200 A are available to be used in a string to handle
6KV and 1KA. Calculate the number of series and parallel units required in case derating
factor is i) 0.1and ii)0.2
3.
a) Explain the operation of 1- Half- controlled bridge-converter with resistive and

inductive load.
b) A single phase 230V, 1KW heater is connected across 1-, 230V, 50Hz supply through
an SCR. For firing angle delays of 45 and 90, calculate the power absorbed in the heater
element.
4.
a) Derive the expression for the following performance factors of 1- fully controlled bridge
converter with resistive load.
i)Average value of load current. ii) Input power factor.
b) A 1- fully controlled bridge circuit is used for obtaining a regulated D.C Output voltage.
The R.M.S value of A.C input voltage is 230V, and the firing angle is maintained at /3, So
that the load current is 4A. Calculate the D.C output voltage, Active and reactive power
input.
5.
a) Explain the operation of 3- , half controlled converter with R-L load. Draw the relevant
wave forms.
b) A 3- Full converter charges a battery from a 3- , Supply of 230V, 50Hz. The battery
emf is 200V and its internal resistance is 0.5 ohm. On account of inductance connected in
series with the battery, Charging Current is constant at 20A. Compute the Firing angle delay
and supply power factor.
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Set No: 2
Code No:- V3112/R07
6.
a) Explain different modes of operation of Triac with neat diagram.

b) Two SCRs connected back to back have a load resistance of 400 ohm and a supply of
110V A.C if the firing angle is 60. Find
i) The R.M.S Output voltage
ii) Average power.
7.
a) Explain the operation of step-up chopper with a neat circuit diagram and necessary output
wave forms and also derive expression for output voltage.
b) A current commutated chopper controls a battery powered electric car. The battery
voltage is 100 V, Starting current is 100 A, Thyristor turn off time is 20 micro second,
Chopping frequency is 400 Hz. Compute the values of commutating capacitor and
commutating inductor. Assume Icm/Iom=3.
8.
a) How is it possible to achieve voltage control within the inverters? Briefly explain them.
b) The Single-phase modified Mc Murray full bridge inverter is fed by D.C source of300 V.
The D.C source voltage may fluctuate by 15%. The current during commutation may from
20 to 100 A. Obtain the value of commutating components, if the thyristor turn OFF time is
20 micro seconds. Also compute the value of R.
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Set No: 3
Code No:- V3112/R07

POWER ELECTRONICS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1.
a) Describe the different modes of operation of a thyristor with the help of its static V-I
characteristics.
b)An SCR has a vg-Ig characteristics given as Vg=1.5+8 Ig. In a certain application, the gate
voltage consists of rectangular pulses of 12v and of duration 50 with duty cycle 0.2
i) Find the value of Rg series resistor in gate circuit to limit the peak power dissipation in
the gate to 5 watts.
ii) Calculate Average power dissipation in the gate.
2.
a) Describe the significance of di/dt and dv/dt in SCRs.

b) Ten thyristors are used in a string to withstand a D.C voltage of 12Kv. The maximum
leakage current and recovery charge difference of SCRs is 10mA and 50C respectively the
values of R for steady state equalizing circuits is 40k and the value of capacitance C of
Dynamic equalizing circuit is 0.2 F. Find the steady state and transient derating factor.
3.
a) Explain with the help of neat power diagram and associated wave forms , The operation
of a 1- , Half wave controlled converters with
i) Resistive load
ii) Inductive load
b) Single phase half controlled bridge converter feeds an inductive load. Determine the
Average load voltage and load current for a firing angle of 30 and 120 respectively. The
input A.C voltage is 230V and load resistance is 10ohms and inductance is 10mH.
4.
a) Explain the operation of 1- fully controlled converter with and without Freewheeling
diode.
b) A single phase fully controlled converter is connected to a load comprised of 2
resistance and 0.3H inductance. The supply voltage is 230V at 50Hz.Estimate the Average
load voltage, Average load current and input power factor for a firing angle of 20. Assume
continuous and ripple free load current, Draw load voltage wave form.
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Set No: 3
Code No:- V3112/R07
5.
a) Explain the operation of 3- dual converter fed to RL-loads for non-circulating current
mode with neat circuit diagram and waveforms.
b) A Three-phase, Half wave controlled converter is connected to a 380V (line) supply. The
load current is constant at 32A and is independent of firing angle. Find the average load
voltage at firing angle of 0 and 45, Given that the thyristors have a forward voltage drop of
1.2 V what value of current and peak reverse voltage rating will the thyristor require and
what will be the average power dissipation in each thyristor.
6.
a) What is cycloconverter and what are the salient features of cycloconverter?

b) A Single phase AC Full wave controller supplies a R-Load. The input voltage, Vs=120V
at 60 Hz. The load is such that r= 5 ohm. The delay angles of thyristor T1, T2 are equal and
=60.determine i) R.M.S output voltage ii) Input power factor.
7.
a) Explain the operation of a basic D.C chopper and obtain the following as a function of
E d.c, R and duty cycle .
i) Average output voltage and current
ii) R.M.S value of the output voltage
iii) R.M.S and Average load currents.
b) A Step-up chopper with a pulse width of 150 micro second operating on 220 V D.C
supply. Compute the load voltage if the blocking period of the device is 40 micro second.
8.
a) Explain the operation of a parallel inverter and mention its merits.

b) Calculate the output frequency of a series inverter circuit with the following parameters,
L=10mH, C=0.1micro farad, R=400 ohms, TOFF=0.2msecs. Also determine attenuation
factor.
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Set No: 4
Code No:- V3112/R07

POWER ELECTRONICS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1.
a) Define latching and holding currents as applicable to an SCR. Show these currents on its
static V-I characteristics.
b) A 200A thyristor operates in parallel with a 300A thyristor. Their ON state voltage drops
are respectively 1.5v and 1v. Calculate the value of resistance to be inserted in series with
each thyristor so that they share a load of 500A in proportion to their respective current
ratings.
2.
a) Explain the operation of snubber circuit and also design the parameters of snubber circuit
b) The voltage and current ratings of a particular circuit are 3.3kv and 750 amps. SCRs with
rating of 800v and 175amps are available. The recommended minimum derating factor is
15%.calculate minimum series and parallel units required. Also calculate the values of
resistance and capacitance to be used in the static and dynamic equalizing circuits if the
maximum forward blocking current for the SCRs is 25mA and qmax is 50C. Where qmax
is maximum charge stored in the thyristor.
3.
a) Derive an expression for the

i) Average load voltage ii) R.M.S load voltage
iii) Average load current for 1- Half-controlled converter with resistive load.
b) A 230V, 50Hz Single phase half wave controlled converter is triggered at a firing angle of
40 and the load current extinguishes at an angle of 210. Find the circuit turn-off time,
average output voltage and the average load current for R = 5 and L = 2mH
4.
a) Explain the effect of source inductance (Ls) on a 1- Full wave converter and also sketch
the voltage and current wave forms with source inductance.
b) A Singlephase Fully controlled converter is supplied at 220V, 50Hz.Determine the
Average load voltage for the following cases, When the firing angle is 45 for purely
resistive load.
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Set No: 4
Code No:- V3112/R07
5.
a) Explain the operation of 3-, half controlled converter with resistive load. Sketch the
associated wave form also.
b) A Three-phase, half wave converter is supplying a load with a continuous constant
current of 40A over a firing angle from 0 to 75. What will be the power dissipated by the
load at these limiting values of firing angle? The supply voltage is 415V (line).
6.
a) Derive the output R.M.S voltage, Output R.M.S current and source power factor for a 1-
A.C voltage controller fed to RL load.
b) An A.C voltage controller supplies power to a resistive load of 20 ohms. The r.m.s value
of input voltage is 220V at 50Hz. The thyristor are switched ON for 30 cycles and OFF for
70 cycles. Calculate the values of (i) The R.M.S output voltage
(ii) Input power factor
(iii) The Average and R.M.S values of thyristor currents.
7.
a) Explain the time ratio control and current limit control strategies used for choppers, with
necessary waveforms and circuit.
b) For the Ideal type A chopper circuit, Following conditions are given, Ed.c=220V,
Chopping frequency =500 Hz , Duty cycle ,=0.3 and R= 1 ohm ,L= 3mH and
Eb=23V.Compute the following quantities,
i) Check whether the load current is continuous or not
ii) Average output current
iii) Maximum and minimum values of steady state and output current.
8.
a) What are the Different pulse width modulation techniques used for inverters?
b) A Single PWM Inverter feeds an RL load with R=10 ohms and L=20 mH. If the Vs =120
V, Find out the total harmonic distortion in the load current. The width of each pulse is 120
and the output frequency is 50 Hz.
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Set No: 1
Code No:- V3125/R07

COMPUTER GRAPHICS
(Common to Computer Science and Engineering & Information Technology &
Electronics and Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) Describe the working principle and applications of raster scan display devices
b) List the differences between aliasing and anti aliasing.
2. a) Explain how the parallelism is assumed in basic DDA algorithm.
b) Discuss and explain Bresenhams algorithm for circle generation.
3. a) Write a 2 x 2 translation matrix for clockwise rotation by 900 about origin.
b) State the significance of Homogeneous Co-ordinates. How are they useful in
different projection techniques?
4. a) Briefly explain Sutherland-Hodgman polygon clipping algorithm
b) Briefly explain about window to view-port transformations.
5. a) State and explain basic properties of B-spline curves.
b) Write short notes on polygon rendering methods.
6. a) Give the matrix representation for 3D translation & scaling.
b) Derive the 3D transformation matrix for rotation about an arbitrary axis
7. a) Briefly explain various techniques for efficient visible surface algorithms.
b) List the differences between area sub division algorithm and octtree algorithm
8.
Explain the followings in detail.

(i) Design of animation sequences
(ii) Computer animation languages.
*****
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Set No: 2
Code No:- V3125/R07

COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) Explain the role of computer graphics in picture analysis. Give the advantages of
interactive graphics.
b) Explain the working of direct view storage tubes (DVST), give advantages and
disadvantages also.
2. a) Scan convert one quadrant of a circle radius 10 units by Bresenhams algorithm.
b) How DDA differs from Bresenhams Line drawing algorithm
3. a) Find the new coordinates of a point by rotating clockwise direction about origin.
b) Why are homogenous coordinates used for transformation computation in
computer graphics?
4. a) What are the steps involved in Cohen-Sutherland algorithm? List its advantages
and disadvantages.
b) Find the reflection of a point A (5, 9) about the line y=x+5.
5. a) Derive the transformation matrix for rotation about an arbitrary axis In 3-D. The
arbitrary axis passes through points A [2 1 1 1] and B [3 2 2 1].
b) Determine the blending functions for uniform, periodic B-spline Curve for d=5.
6. a) Derive the 3D transformation matrix to transform world coordinates to view
coordinates.
b) Derive the 3D transformation matrix for rotation about an arbitrary axis
7. a) Briefly explain Z-Buffer algorithm.
b) Explain the basic functions, merits and demerits of depth buffer method.
8. a) List various types of animation languages. Describe various problems associated
with animation.
b) Briefly explain general computer animation functions.
*****
1 of 1
Set No: 3
Code No:- V3125/R07

COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) Compare the merits and demerits of raster scan and flat panel displays.
b) Explain the components of CRT in brief.
2. a) Write short notes on incremental methods for line drawing
b) Explain with the help of suitable example, scan line seed fill algorithm. State its
advantages over simple seed fill algorithm.
3. a) Show how shear transformations expressed in terms of rotation and scaling
b) Explain with examples how matrix representation of transformation is useful in
Computer Graphics.
4. a) What is windowing? State its utility in Graphics Packages.
b) Magnify the triangle with vertices A (0, 0), B (1, 1), C (5, 2) to twice its size
while keeping C (5, 2) fixed.
5. a)Write a 3D homogenous matrix to rotate by 11 degrees about the line passing

through the point (0,0,0) and (1,0,1)
b) What are the different techniques of curve generation? Discuss any one technique
in detail.
6. Illustrate various techniques of mapping 3D objects on 2D graphics screen. with the
help of suitable figure. Also derive the necessary transformation matrix for the same.
7. a) What is ray tracing? Is it useful in visible surface termination? Explain.
b) Mention the classifications of visible surface detection algorithms.
8. a) List the differences between conventional and computer assisted animation.
b) Write short notes on following:
- key frame systems
- raster animation
*****
1 of 1
Set No: 4
Code No:- V3125/R07
COMPUTER GRAPHICS
Time: 3 Hours
Max Marks: 80
*****
1. a) Give the advantages and disadvantages of DVST display, vector refresh display and
master displays. Suggest an application area for which each class of device is best
suited.
b) Write the important applications of computer graphics.
2. a)State and explain the essential characteristics of line drawing Algorithm.
b) Explain Bresenhams Line generating algorithm. Also give the significance Error
Term.
3. a) What are the basic geometric transformations in 2D and 3D graphics?
b) Find the reflection of a triangle defined by the vertices A (1, 1), B (5, 1) And C (1, 5)
about a line y=2x+10.
4. Differentiate between :
(i) Object model and Image model
(ii) Window and viewport
5. a) Show how shear transformations expressed in terms of rotation and scaling
b) Derive the transformation matrix for rotation about an arbitrary Axis in 3-D.
6. a) Briefly explain general projec6tion transformations in 3D geometry.
b) Give the matrix representation for 3D translation, rotation & scaling.
7. a) Briefly explain various techniques for efficient visible surface algorithms.
b) List the differences between area sub division algorithm and octtree algorithm
8. a) What is an animation? Give basic rules of animation.
b) Write short notes on following:
- Animation languages
- Motion specifications
*****
1 of 1
Set No. 1
Code No: S0502/R05
III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012

OPERATING SYSTEMS
( Common to Computer Science & Engineering, Electronics &
Instrumentation Engineering, Information Technology, Electronics &
Control Engineering, Computer Science & Systems Engineering and
Electronics & Computer Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. What is the purpose of the command interpreter? Why is it usually separate from
the kernel?
[16]
2. Draw and explain about five-state process model.
[16]
3. Explain how process synchronization is helpful required for executing programs?

[16]
4. Write the resource allocation algorithm for Deadlock detection.
[16]
5. (a) Consider the hierarchical paging scheme used by the VAX architecture. How
many memory operations are performed when an user program executes a
memory load operation? Explain.
(b) Explain why sharing a reentrant module is easier when segmentation is used
than when pure paging is used.
[8+8]
6. (a) What is the difference between logical I/O and device I/O?
(b) Explain feed back scheduling policy.
[8+8]
7. (a) What is the difference between a file and a record?

(b) What is a file management system?
(c) What are typical access rights that may be granted or denied to a particular
user for a particular file?
[4+4+8]
8. (a) Give the classification of intruders. Explain each class.
(b) Comparison User-Oriented access control with data-oriented access control.
[8+8]
1 of 1
Set No. 2
Code No: S0502/R05

OPERATING SYSTEMS
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. What is the purpose of the command interpreter? Why is it usually separate from
the kernel?
[16]
2. (a) What is a thread?
(b) What are its benefits?
(c) Explain about user level and kernel level threads.
[5+5+6]
3. A multi processor system must deal with problems arising from the simultaneous
execution of multiple processes. Justify answer with example.
[16]
4. Explain about Deadlock involvement refers to Joint progress diagram.
[16]
5. Most systems allow program to allocate more memory during execution. Discuss
about the requirements to support dynamic memory allocation in the following
schemes.
(a) Contiguous- memory allocation.
(b) Pure segmentation.
(c) Pure paging.
[6+5+5]
6. Suppose the head of a moving- head disk with 300 tracks, numbered 0 to 299, is
currently serving a request at track 300 and has just finished a request at track 125.
If the queue of requests is kept in FIFO order: 86, 247, 91, 177, 94, 250, 102, 275,
230.What is the total head movement to satisfy these requests for the following
disk scheduling algorithms.
(a) FCFS
(b) Random
(c) PRI
(d) SCAN
(e) SSTF
(f) C- SCAN
[16]
7. (a) Discuss the record blocking methods.

1 of 2
Set No. 2
Code No: S0502/R05

(b) Explain access rights used in file sharing.
[8+8]
8. (a) Explain in detail passive treats.

(b) What is an access matrix? Explain.
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 3
Code No: S0502/R05

OPERATING SYSTEMS
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. Explain about programmed I/O technique for input of a block of data with relevant
diagram.
[16]
2. What are the various reasons for process suspension? Explain.
[16]
3. Explain the following:

(a) Cooperation among processes by sharing.
(b) Cooperation among processes by communication.
4. Explain the solution to Dining Philosophers Problem using Monitors.
[8+8]
[16]
5. (a) A process references five pages A, B, C, D and E in the following order:

A; B; C; D; A; B; E; A; B; C; D; E Assume that the replacement algorithm
is FIFO find the number of page transfer during this sequence of reference
starting with an empty main memory with these pages frames. Repeat for
four pages frames.
(b) Explain Resident set Management.
[8+8]
6. Suppose the head of a moving- head disk with 300 tracks, numbered 0 to 299, is
currently serving a request at track 300 and has just finished a request at track 125.
If the queue of requests is kept in FIFO order: 86, 247, 91, 177, 94, 250, 102, 275,
230.What is the total head movement to satisfy these requests for the following
disk scheduling algorithms.
(a) FCFS
(b) Random
(c) PRI
(d) SCAN
(e) SSTF
(f) C- SCAN
[16]
7. (a) List and explain three blocking methods.

(b) What is the relationship between a pathname and a working directory?
1 of 2
Set No. 3
Code No: S0502/R05
(c) What criteria are important in choosing a file organization?
[6+5+5]
8. (a) Discuss the password file protection mechanisms.

(b) Write a detail note on Masquerader, Misfeasor, and clandestine user.
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 4
Code No: S0502/R05

OPERATING SYSTEMS
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. Some CPUs provide for more than two modes of operation. What are two possible
uses of these multiple modes? Explain.
[16]
2. What are various steps involved in creating a process? Discuss in detial?
3. What are the requirements of mutual exclusion?
[16]
[16]
4. Explain the following LINUX Kernel concurrency mechanisms

(a) Atomic Integer Operations
(b) Atomic Bitmap Operations.
[16]
5. Give shorts notes on:

(a) Dynamic relocation
(b) Dynamic Loading
(c) Dynamic linking
[6+4+6]
6. Explain Fair-share scheduling policy with an appropriate example. Compare its

performance with any other scheduling policy.
[16]
7. (a) Discuss about UNIX block addressing scheme.
(b) Explain the concept of reliability with respect to secondary storage management.
[8+8]
8. (a) Give the classification of intruders. Explain each class.
(b) Comparison User-Oriented access control with data-oriented access control.
[8+8]
1 of 1
Set No. 1
Code No: R0204/R05

ELECTRICAL MACHINES-III
(Electrical & Electronic Engineering)
Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. (a) What is armature winding? What are the various types of windings? What
are the considerations taken in to account while choosing type of armature
winding?
(b) A 3-, star connected, 4 pole, 1500 rpm alternator has 72 slots on its periphery.
Each slot has 10 conductors per slot and winding is short pitched by 3 slots.
Find the pitch & distribution factor of the winding. Also calculate the induced
EMF between lines, if the fluxes of 20 mwb are distributed sinusoidaly. All
the conductors in a phase are connected in series.
[8+8]
2. (a) Justify the statement with capacitive load the, the terminal voltage of
alternator may be more than no load voltage.
(b) Determine the voltage regulation at full load and 0.866 power factor lagging
for an alternator with following data:
Full load current: 100 A at excitation of 2.5 A
Open circuit voltage: 500 V at excitation of 2.5 A
Armature resistance is 0.8 .
[8+8]
3. (a) Explain the Zero power factor method of finding voltage regulation of an
alternator.
(b) The no load excitation of an alternator required to give rated voltage is 1
pu. In a short circuit test with full current flowing in the armature, the field
excitation was 0.75 pu. Determine the approximate excitation that will be
required to give full load current at 0.866 PF lagging at the rated terminal
voltage.
[8+8]
4. (a) Two exactly similar alternators are rated 20 MW each. They are running in
parallel. The speed-load characteristics of the driving turbines are such that
the frequency of alternator I drops uniformly from 50 Hz on no load to 48 Hz
on full load and that of alternator II drops from 50 Hz on no load to 48.5 Hz
on full load. How will the machines share a load of 30 MW?
(b) Explain the term synchronizing current. What are the causes & ways of eliminating synchronizing current, in parallel operation of alternators?
[10+6]
5. (a) An industrial plant has a load of 800 kW at power factor of 0.8 lagging. It is
desired to purchase a synchronous motor of sufficient capacity to deliver a load
of 200 kW and also serve to correct the over all plant power factor to 0.92.
Assuming that the synchronous motor has an efficiency of 92%, determine its
kVA input rating and power factor at which it will operate.
1 of 2
Set No. 1
Code No: R0204/R05
(b) Explain the load angle characteristics of a synchronous motor.
[8+8]
6. (a) Explain the various starting methods of synchronous motor.

(b) Explain the characteristics of synchronous induction motor.
[8+8]
7. (a) Explain the construction & operation of capacitor start and run single phase
Induction motor.
(b) Explain double revolving f ield theory of single phase Induction motor. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain the phasor diagram of Universal motor.
(b) Prove that the speed of AC series motor, when operated on DC is more than
when operated on AC.
[8+8]
2 of 2
Set No. 2
Code No: R0204/R05

Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. (a) What is short pitch winding & distributed winding? Why the armature winding is distributed & short pitch type?
(b) Calculate the EMF of a 4 pole, 3-, star connected alternator running at 1500
r.p.m from the following data: Flux per pole = 0.1 wb, Total number of slots
= 48, Conductors per slot (in two layers) = 4, coil span = 150o .
[8+8]
2. A 3- star connected alternator has 81 slots, 6 poles and a double layer, narrow
spread winding, having a coil span of 13 slot pitches. The flux density distribution
in the air gap is B() = sin + 0.4 sin3 + 0.25sin5. Find
(a) RMS value of third & fifth harmonic phase voltages in terms of fundamental
frequency phase voltage.
(b) Ratio of line voltage to phase voltage.
[12+4]
3. (a) How the MMF method is different from EMF method in finding voltage regulation of an alternator? Explain the drawbacks of each method.
(b) A 1 MVA, 11 kV, 3-, star connected synchronous machine has following OCC
test data:
[6+10]
If
50 110
140 180
EOL -kV 7 12.5 13.75 15
(where EOL is the line voltage at no load)
The short circuit test yielded full load current at a field current of 60 A. The
ZPF yielded a full load current at terminal voltage for a field current of 150
A. The armature resistance is negligible. Calculate the voltage regulation at
full load 0.866 pf lagging by Potier triangle method.
4. A 100 MVA, 11 kV, 3- star connected alternator is running at synchronous speed
with rated voltage. Its terminals are open circuited. A sudden 3- fault develops
on its terminals. The per unit reactances are d = 1.0, d = 0.25 d = 0.12.
The time constants are Td = 1.1 Sec & Td = 0.04 Sec. The initial DC component
is such that the total current is 1.5 times of initial AC component of current. Find
the following:
(a) AC component of current at the instant of short circuit.
(b) Total current at the instant of short circuit.
(c) AC component of current after 2 cycles
(d) AC component of current after 5 sec.
1 of 2
[16]
Set No. 2
Code No: R0204/R05
5. A 3- , 425 V, 6 pole, 50 Hz, star connected synchronous motor has EMF of 520 V
(L-L). The stator winding has synchronous reactance of 2 /ph and motor develops
a torque of 220 Nm. The motor is operating at 415 V, 50 Hz bus. Calculate the
current drawn from the supply & its power factor.
[16]
6. The data for no load saturation curve of a 6.6 kV, 1.8 MVA. 3-, 50 Hz, star connected synchronous motor is given below:
V (k V)
If Amp
3.6
45
5.9
91
7.4
130
7.9
160
8.4
210
The effective resistance & synchronous reactance per phase of the motor are 0.35
& 7 respectively. Plot the V curves for this machine when the input is maintained
constant at 450 kW.
[16]
7. (a) Explain the working principle of single phase Induction motor.
(b) Depending on construction & applications classify single phase Induction motor.
[8+8]
8. (a) Explain the construction of variable reluctance stepper motor.
(b) Explain the torque-speed characteristics of AC series motor.
2 of 2
[8+8]
Set No. 3
Code No: R0204/R05

Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. (a) What is short pitch winding & distributed winding? Why the armature winding is distributed & short pitch type?
(b) Calculate the EMF of a 4 pole, 3-, star connected alternator running at 1500
r.p.m from the following data: Flux per pole = 0.1 wb, Total number of slots
= 48, Conductors per slot (in two layers) = 4, coil span = 150o .
[8+8]
2. A 3- star connected alternator has 81 slots, 6 poles and a double layer, narrow
spread winding, having a coil span of 13 slot pitches. The flux density distribution
in the air gap is B() = sin + 0.4 sin3 + 0.25sin5. Find
(a) RMS value of third & fifth harmonic phase voltages in terms of fundamental
frequency phase voltage.
(b) Ratio of line voltage to phase voltage.
[12+4]
3. (a) Explain the assumptions made in calculation of voltage regulation of an alternatator by synchronous impedance method.
(b) The following table gives the OCC & SCC of a 2 pole, 6.6kV, 50 Hz, 3- star
connected alternator. The stator resistance between two terminals is 0.02 .
Calculate the regulation at full load current of 350 A at 0.8 pf lagging (by
synchronous impedance method)
[6+10]
If
60 80 100 120 140 160 180
EOL -kV 5.3 6.2 6.8 7.2 7.5 7.7 7.9
(where EOL is the line voltage at no load)
4. (a) Two alternators are working in parallel; supplying a lighting load of 300 kW
& a motor load of 5 MW at 0.866 pf lagging. One machine is loaded up to 5
MW at 0.9 pf lagging. What is the load & pf of other machine?
(b) With neat phasor diagram, explain the operation of an alternator on infinite
bus bars with varying steam supply (mechanical power).
[8+8]
5. (a) Explain, why synchronous motor is not self starting?
(b) A 3-, 600 V, star connected SM has effective per phase armature resistance
& synchronous reactance of 0.4 & 3.6 respectively. Calculate the induced
EMF per phase if the motor works on full load delivering 326 kW. The full
load efficiency is 87 % having power factor of 0.8 leading. Also calculate the
load angle.
[6+10]
6. (a) Derive an expression to obtain the co-ordinates of centre of a power circle.
1 of 2
Set No. 3
Code No: R0204/R05

(b) How excitation circle is different from power circle?
[8+8]
7. (a) Explain the doubly revolving f ield theory related to single phase Induction
motor.
(b) Explain the construction & give the applications of single phase Induction
motor.
[8+8]
8. With neat diagram explain the construction & working Universal motor. Explain
its operation with the help of vector diagram.
[16]
2 of 2
Set No. 4
Code No: R0204/R05

Time: 3 hours
Max Marks: 80
1. (a) What are the various factors affecting alternator EMF? Obtain the expression
for each of them?
(b) Calculate the EMF of a 4-pole, 3-, Star connected alternator running at 1500
RPM from the following data: Flux per pole = 0.1 wb, Total number of slots
= 48, Conductors/ slot = 4 (double layer); Coil span = 150o .
[8+8]
2. (a) Explain the procedure to determine the synchronous impedance of a given
alternator with a neat circuit diagram.
(b) The OC & SC test data for a 500 kVA, 1100 V, 50 Hz, star connected synchronous generator are 1280 V between lines on open circuit with a field current of 8 A & 380 A on short circuit with same field current. When a DC
voltage of 5 V was applied to two of its terminals, a current of 28 A was
measured, find the value of synchronous impedance, synchronous reactance.
[8+8]
3. The following table gives the OCC & SCC of an 8 pole, 440 V, 50 Hz, 3- star connected alternator. The stator resistance between two terminals is 0.4 . Calculate
the regulation at full load current of 41 A at 0.8 pf lagging (by MMF method). [16]
If
2
4
6
7
8
10 12 14 16 18
EOL
150 280 390 440 470 520 565 592
ISC
10 20 32 41 47 58 70 78
ZPF Voltage
0
75 200 310 390 455 500
4. (a) Explain the two bright one dark & all dark method of synchronization of
alternators.
(b) The EMFs of two alternators are 30006 200 & 29006 00 V. Their synchronous
impedances are 2 + j20 /ph & 2.5 + j30 /ph. The load impedance is 10 +
j4 /ph. Find the circulating current.
[8+8]
5. A 3-, 400 V, star connected SM delivers a constant load and draws a line current
of 30 A having effective per phase armature resistance & synchronous reactance of
0.2 & 2 respectively. Find the power factor at which the motor will operate
when the field current is adjusted to give the line values of generated EMF as 500
V to 300 V.
[16]
6. (a) Explain the procedure to plot V curves & inverted V curves for a given
synchronous machine with help of its circles diagrams.
1 of 2
Set No. 4
Code No: R0204/R05
(b) A 2 pole, 50 Hz, 3- turbo alternator is excited to generate a bus-bar voltage of

11 kV on no load. The machine is star connected and the short circuit current
for this excitation is 1000 A. Calculate the synchronizing power per degree
of mechanical displacement of the rotor and the corresponding synchronizing
torque.
[8+8]
7. (a) Why single phase motors are not self starting?
(b) Explain the necessary arrangements made to make single phase Induction
motor self starting & with neat diagram explain the operations of same. [8+8]
8. (a) Explain Torque v/s pulse rate characteristics of permanent magnet stepper
motor.
(b) Explain the circuit model & phasor diagram of Universal motor.
2 of 2
[8+8]

MT R07, Sup, AprilMay - 2012

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Set No: 1

Code No:- V3117/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3117/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3117/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

a) What are the three mechanisms of grinding wheel wear? Explain?

7. a) What is lapping? Explain with neat diagram?

Code No:- V3117/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

a) What is honing? Explain with neat diagram?

Code No:- V3118/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3118/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

7. (a)Discuss the importance of ground wave propagation for communication purposes.

Code No:- V3118/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3118/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3112/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3112/R07

Code No:- V3112/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

a) What are the differences between BJTs and IGBTS.?

a) Explain the operation of 1- Half- controlled bridge-converter with resistive and

Code No:- V3112/R07

a) Explain different modes of operation of Triac with neat diagram.

Code No:- V3112/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

a) Describe the significance of di/dt and dv/dt in SCRs.

Code No:- V3112/R07

a) What is cycloconverter and what are the salient features of cycloconverter?

a) Explain the operation of a parallel inverter and mention its merits.

Code No:- V3112/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

a) Derive an expression for the

Code No:- V3112/R07

Code No:- V3125/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Explain the followings in detail.

Code No:- V3125/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

Code No:- V3125/R07

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, April/May - 2012

5. a)Write a 3D homogenous matrix to rotate by 11 degrees about the line passing

Code No: S0502/R05

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012

3. Explain how process synchronization is helpful required for executing programs?

7. (a) What is the difference between a file and a record?

Code No: S0502/R05

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012

7. (a) Discuss the record blocking methods.

Code No: S0502/R05

8. (a) Explain in detail passive treats.

Code No: S0502/R05

III B.Tech I Semester Supplementary Examinations, Apr/May 2012

3. Explain the following:

5. (a) A process references five pages A, B, C, D and E in the following order:

7. (a) List and explain three blocking methods.

Code No: S0502/R05