PROFESSIONAL

WRITING
LGB20802

THE ADVANTAGES OF TECHOLOGY

IN LEARNING PROCESS

PREPARED BY:
AMIRUL AZIM BIN SHUKOR

56212114067

MOHD FAUZY BIN RAMLEY

56212114129

SHAHRUL FARIS BIN AHMAD

56212114208
AHMAD AJWADUL MUJAHID BIN MOHD NOOR
56212114148

THE ADVANTAGES OF TECHOLOGY IN LEARNING PROCESS

2.0

INTRODUCTION
Recently, the technology is moving as fast as lightning. The changing of technology is

making we, the human being to have better life especially for students. Technology helping
the students and educators to have easier communication. Besides, technology help the
students to get information. There are lot of benefit if they know how to use it such as
students or educators can get an opportunities to learn a new things or can help them in
finding a job or others information. Technology does not bring advantage only but also
disadvantages if incorrectly use. For example, a children were exposed in pornography more
easily. Plus, students tend to playing games rather than finding a good information. These are
the examples of the disadvantages of technology. This research will present a review on what
is the use of technology in learning process in specification of its advantages. We more focus
on mobile technology. Due to the advancement of computer and multimedia technology, it
has encouraged researchers to develop more effective learning environment for English as
Foreign Language (EFL) for learner to improve their reading comprehension (Hsu, Hwang &
Chang, 2012). There are for main aspect that involve in reading process that is stated by
educators; symbol decoding, vocabulary, comprehension and reflection (Hsu, Hwang &
Chang, 2012). From the literature review a mentioned just now, we could see that technology
is helping not only students but instead of lecturer to gain knowledge. Furthermore, there is
saying that now all information is at tip of fingers. That is how fast the technology moving
and it will still growing.
Social media is also one of the evidence of the technology nowadays. Social media
does not only used in order people interact with other people but also it can be used in term of
education. Li, Helou & Gillet (n.d) stated that Social media does not only used to interact
people, but it also support learning process activity. At this point, we could see that internet is
one of the technology that help student in their learning process. Besides that, the search
engine for example Google, Yahoo and others they are the main organizations that move the
use of the internet. Without them, the internet is useless.

Nowadays, mobile device like handphone, tablet, Pad and etc like a compulsory thing
to any people. Does not matter a kid or old people. Every need handphone. Compare to 1990,
this era handphone is more important than a car. This is others example that technology
brought to us, mobile device. Students can access course content as well as interact with
educators and other students wherever they located by using mobile computing devices
(Gikas & Grant, 2013). Mobile device helping student in many ways. For example by having
interaction with educator without meeting them. In addition, they also can save their task,
books or any information in their mobile device.
For our study, technology brings more advantages than disadvantages to students
especially in their learning process. For example the development of E-learning that help
universities students to access that university information. Besides, the development of
platform and cloud system also help to students in learning process. Thus in prove that,
technology give benefit to students. Mobile also help the students to have better learning
process.
(AMIRUL AZIM BIN SHUKOR)

2.1

TO STUDY THE ADVANTAGES USE OF MOBILE TECHNOLOGY FOR

STUDENT IN LEARNING PROCESS.

Nowadays, students rather choose their mobile phone as their main instrument for
searching information. This is referring to the statement of The Educause Center for Applied
Research [ECAR] (2012) stated that more than half student choose mobile device as their
medium for their academic activities. In addition, this statement is strongly support by
(Ericsson, 2010) stated that most of people is using their mobile phone for searching an
internet. So, for the statement we know that a mobile device is important to student and plus
there are lot of advantage by using a mobile device in students social life. For example
(Alexander, Bryant 2006) point out that mobile technology help students to gain advance
information not only in class but also at outside the class. In another hand, student are
flexible for searching of educational things and material at anywhere, any time (Dew, 2010).
Refer to this two author we can conclude that the improvement of technology help student to
get their flexible time when they want to search of information or to finish their task given.
They also would get an extra knowledge if they want to know further about what they are
learning in class by surfing the internet on their mobile device.
Next, refer to (Felder & Soloman, 1998; Felder & Spurlin, 2005; Peacock, 2001)
stated that mobile device is one of the factor to make this student to have multiple learning
style in order to increase their academic achievement. Thus, with this integrating technology,
it would help student to expand the learning activities or the learning style which is strongly
support by (Naimie, Siraj, Ahmed Abuzaid, & Shagholi, 2010).

Some example of the

multiple learning styles is like they can discuss and investigate any information beyond the
walls of the classroom. Mobile learning supports a social constructivist view of learning
because it enhances students ability to learn and apply course content in context with other
students. (Alexander, Bryant 2006). For overall, we can conclude that mobile device totally
change all of the education learning process beyond student such as in communication
between one person to another person. Plus it will make a student easier to finish their work if
they got a discussion at outside the class by using a mobile device. This improvement of
technology nowadays becomes an important medium for student to improve their skills and
academic performance.

Besides that, the uses of technology nowadays help students or people to make their
work easy. For example, according to (keegan, 2005) said that people will easy to search of
information by using a mobile device because can carry it in handbag for a lady and can carry
it in a pocket for a gentlemen. Furthermore, it is strongly support by (Valk et al., 2010) said
that mobile computing devices is usually are transportable, such as cellphones and includes of
laptop, table or netbooks. Thus, we commonly know that this entire mobile device is easy to
carry especially when we got a bag along us. In addition, (traxler, 2007) also said that people
are rather to choose a mobile device than a book to carrying everywhere with them. In the
new era of technology people should be aware of changes in technology if they want to
compete with each other or if they want to make their life becomes easier than before.
(MOHD FAUZY BIN RAMLEY)

2.2

TO FIND THE USEFULNESS OF MOBILE ADAPTIVE LANGUAGE

LEARNING (MALL) SYSTEM FOR STUDENTS IN COMPREHENSION
The advance of technology have make us to learn faster in learning process. Chen,

Chen & Sun stated that it has encouraged the researcher to develop more effective learning
environment for English as Foreign Language (EFL) learners to enhance their reading
comprehension (as cited in Hsu, Hwang & Chang, 2012). For students who lack in English
Language, they have difficulty in understand in what they are read. Harris & Sipay agreed
that educators find out that in process of reading, four factor will influenced their
understanding which is symbol decoding, vocabulary, comprehension and reflection (as cited
in Hsu, Hwang & Chang, 2012). Usually, students who lack in English, they will frequently
had a quick stop while reading and it make them become more difficult to understand the
article. The authors objective is that To evaluate the effectiveness of mobile learning system
that had been developed based on the approach by providing a reading material
recommendation mechanism for guiding EFL (English as Foreign Language) students to read
articles that match their preferences and knowledge levels, and a reading annotation module
that enables students to take notes of English vocabulary translations for the reading content
in individual or shared annotation mode.
As stated by Laufer, Singer & Crouse, students who have difficulties in understanding
the vocabulary in the context of the article often find it hard to comprehend the whole text (as
cited in Hsu, Hwang & Chang, 2012). To help students comprehend the learning content, a
translation annotation function is provided. It works by showing the translation of the
annotated words. In addition, it is unbalance to ask the students to read same article due to
they have different reading achievement, learning preference or needs. The use of mobile
devices have been recognized as an efficient tools in learning language because it make
students can learn language anytime and anywhere. Reading material also is included in the
MALL. It is an instant translation annotation module and a shared annotation module (Hsu,
Hwang & Chang, 2012). The system can provide different reading material. By that, students
can personalize their learning experiences by themselves in reading adaptive material.
Besides that, the students can learn experiences of meaning and making process of language
from their own experiences or from others by sharing. Hsu, Hwang & Chang stated that
Mobile Adaptive Language Learning system was develop by providing both material
recommendation and reading annotation facilities to students to further improve their learning
outcomes. (AMIRUL AZIM BIN SHUKOR)

2.3

TO INVESTIGATE THE BENEFIT OF PODCASTING AND CLOUD

SYSTEM FOR STUDENTS
Nowadays people tend to use a technology as their tools for searching of information.

By that, mobile phone is the most asset for people especially student to doing their research
and learning. There is a lot of application nowadays that is produce for helping people to
make their work become easier. For example its come from podcasting and cloud system.
From the podcasting, Kurtz, Fenwick, and Ellsworth (2007) stated that students who received
podcast lectures had higher overall grades than those from a previous cohort who received
conventional lectures.it is because podcast system helps student in problem-solving and
project sessions. Regarding to the improvement technology podcasting also has the advantage
to give students flexibility to search for what they want which is stated by C. Evans (2008).
By that, we can conclude that podcasting has helped many students improve their learning to
get high results.
Next, refer to C. Evans (2008) said that use of portable technologies makes it easier
for learners to study when and where they want by making it simple for them to transport
their learning materials. They also facilitate just-in-time learning where learners can often
take advantage of unexpected free time since they frequently have their devices with them.
Besides that, the uses of podcasting can improve the quality of student learning. For
example, according to Chan and Lee (2005) describe the impacts of podcasting in decreasing
understudy nerves. In addition, Miller and Piller (2005) argue that supplementary podcasts
can expand understudies' fulfillment evaluations. Edirisingha and Salmon (2007) found that
podcasts contributed to informality and engagement. Cebeci and Tekdal (2006) describe how
podcasting can make material more available to more extensive differing qualities of learners.
Boulos, Maramba, and Wheeler (2006) discuss ways in which podcasts can be joined with
wikis and sites to improve the learning experiences of students, clinicians and patients in the
health business. Baird and Fisher (2006) found that podcasts can be powerful in upgrading
understudy engagement and reflection. Furthermore, it is strongly support by Dale (2007)
describes how supplementary podcasts can help meet the needs of modern learners in the
form of Level One students on an undergraduate degree in Tourism. For overall, we can
conclude that podcasting totally change all of the education learning process beyond student.

Somehow, refer to Mohammed Al-Zoube (2009) stated that educational institutions

can give an advantage with using cloud applications to provide students and teachers with
free or low-cost alternatives. Mohammed Al-Zoube (2009) also said that educational
institutions are beginning by existing applications hosted on a cloud that enable end users to
perform tasks that have usually required site licensing, installation, and maintenance of
individual software packages. Based on the article we can say that cloud give many
advantage to help student in learning.
(AHMAD AJWADUL MUJAHID BINMOHD NOOR)

2.4

THE ADVANTAGES OF MEDIA PLATFORM ON INTERNET IN

LEARNING PROCESS
During this era, social media platform is not just for social service, but also we can do

anything with this type of platform such as for learning. We might know a few platform such
as Facebook, Friendster, Myspace and etc. Actually, there are more platform. According to Li,
Helou & Gillet (n.d), Graasp is used to support students learning activities in a project based
course. Graasp is one of example of other platform. The others example of platform is
Moddle. Rodriguez & Lozano (2011) stated that Students can increase their learning skills
using information technology.
Undeniably, Graasp is actually following the concept of E-learning which referring to
the adoption of social media in learning or education where learner have advantage to create
and organize their own learning activities (Li, Helou & Gallet, n.d). Moreover, higher
education institutions are still mainly use traditional method of learning. It does not fully use
the benefit of technology during these days. The objective of using Graasp is to investigate
the acceptability of using social media for collaborative learning in the context of higher
education. In addition, Graasp is examined through user study for its acceptability and
expectation. With Graasp, the result show that the students were satisfied due to Graasp
enhance knowledge management and collaboration.
While for the Moddle platform, it does not only for learning but also for teaching
process. So it also helping the students in their learning process. Rodriguez & Lozano (2011)
stated that Students can increase their learning skills using information technology. The main
focus of Moddle platform is to analyze the use of this platform by University students and

find factors that might influence them to use it (Rodriquez & Lozano, 2011). In addition,
Moddle platform is not something new. Actually, it is being used in 211 countries, and is
translated into 78 languange, with 41.5 million user based on data receive in 2011 (Rodriguez
& Lozano, 2011). There are nine hypotheses stated by the author. Firstly, Perceived ease of
use has a significant effect on the perceived usefulness of Moodle. Secondly, Perceived ease
of use has a significant effect on the intention to use Moodle and thirdly, Perceived usefulness
has a significant effect on the intention to use Moodle. Fourthly, Perceived compatibility with
student tasks has a significant effect on perceived usefulness of Moodle. Fifthly, Perceived
compatibility with student tasks has a significant effect on perceived ease of use of Moodle.
Sixthly, Perceived usefulness for professors has a significant effect on perceived usefulness of
Moodle. Seventhly, Perceived usefulness for professors has a significant effect on the
intention to use Moodle. Next, Training has a significant effect on perceived usefulness of
Moodle and lastly, Training has a significant effect on perceived ease of use of Moodle.
The proposed model has six constructs and nine hypotheses have been generated from the
relations of these six contructs. All of the hypotheses is based on the usefulness of the moddle
but in different categories.
From both example, we could see that how the media platform on internet help the
students in their learning process. Without technology, it is impossible for them to use these
platform as their resources in learning process.
(AMIRUL AZIM BIN SHUKOR)

2.5

TO FIND THE USEFULNESS OF INSTRUMENTAL ORCHESTRATIONS IN

LEARNING PROCESS
The availability of instrument on learning process is hardly known for us even though

it is already used in west countries. It is kind of new technique that educator used especially
in teaching mathematics. It is important for educator to have more knowledge about new
teaching technique that emerge in the technology-rich classroom (Drijvers, Doorman, Boon,
Reed & Gravemeijer, 2010). For learning process, it does not involve only the students to
increase their performance but also the educators themselves. Drijvers, Doorman, Boon,
Reed, & Gravemeijer (2010) stated that Implementing the theory of instrumental
orchestration as the main interpretative framework, this research is to find which types of
orchestrations teachers develop when using technology and to what extent these are related to

teachers views on mathematics education and the role of technology therein. An instrument
orchestration means that as teachers intentional and systematic organisation and use of the
various artefact available in a computerised learning environment.
Students more focus on instrumental genesis (the use of technology tool involves
process during which the object or artefact is turned into instrument) and its benefit of
learning. But it must be guided by teacher through orchestration of mathematics situations.
As stated by Drijvers, Doorman, Boon, Reed, & Gravemeijer (2010), the choice and
exploitation of the orchestrations may influence due to the technological and time constraints
as well as control issues.
(AMIRUL AZIM BIN SHUKOR)

2.6

TO IDENTIFY THE EFFECTIVENESS OF MOBILE PHONE IN LEARNING

PROCESS
In this digital age of time, today millions and millions of people worldwide are mobile

phone subscribers. A perusal of the literature shows the use of mobile phones in different
educational and social settings including restaurants, public transportation, movie theatres,
streets and classrooms. Besides that, mobile phone also offers extraordinary open doors for
instruction, particularly for youngsters, who show incredible mindfulness to versatile
advances. In the 1990s, cell phones and tablets did not exist in the classroom, students had to
rely solely on computers that were usually placed in a computer lab, or in the library. This can
be considered a setback to the teacher and to the student because it requires students to leave
the classroom environment to use the internet for research. Furthermore, students had to rely
on reading material out of the library which slowed down the research process for writing
papers and/or thesis. Now with the existence of mobile phone, learning will be easier and
students can access it at any time. According to Frohberg, Goth, & Schwabe (2011), mobile
learning application can bring many advantages for teaching peoples. Mobile phone makes
education more accessible in that it enables learners to pursue their studies according to their
own schedule. The portability of mobile technology means that learning from mobile phone
is not bound by fixed class times. Mobile learning also enables learning at all times and in all
places, during breaks, before or after shifts, at home, or on the go. According to Gedik,
Karademirci, Kursus & Cagiltay (2011) stated that at the point when planning mobile
learning, the real concentrate should be on the exceptionally contextualized nature of the

learning environment ( as cited in Divitini & Morken, 2007; Gregson & Jordan, 2009;
Shrples et al., 2009)
Others suggest that the benefits of mobile phones are not merely limited to increased
access to educational services. Mobile learning, they indicate, can also facilitate changes in
the character of learning modalities that in turn impact educational outcomes. In this regard,
mobile learning represents more than a mere extension of traditional forms of education.
According to Martin & Ertzberger (2013) says that advancement of setting mindful
innovation has empowered understudies to learn in a situation that coordinates in taking in
assets from both this present reality and the computerized world (as cited in Chen & Huang,
2012). Mobile learning facilitates alternative learning processes and instructional methods
that the theories of new learning identify as effective for learning. Mobile phones
theoretically make learner-centred learning possible by enabling students to customize the
transfer of and access to information in order to build on their skills and knowledge and to
meet their own educational goals. Mobiles phone can also supposedly facilitate knowledgecentred learning by providing efficient and inventive methods by which students can learn
with understanding, meaning that they deepen their understanding of a specific subject matter
rather than merely memorizing large amounts of information and then use this knowledge
as a basis for new learning through integration and interconnection. Mobile phone make
possible assessment-centred learning as well by enabling the provision of continual feedback
throughout the learning process, presenting learners with diagnosis and formative guidance as
to what might be improved or what might be learned next. Moreover, in providing prompt
feedback, mobile learning maintains the appeal of learning and provides a motivating factor.
Martin & Ertzberger (2013), said that most learning happens normally through exercises,
connections, and societies. He included that schools are frequently pictures learning,
unsituate it, and show ideas expelled from regular connections and applications (Lave,
1988). Mobile phone permit collaborative learning and continued conversation despite
physical location and thus advance the process of coming to know, which occurs through
conversations across contexts and among various people. Mobile phone, therefore, should
impact educational outcomes by altering the character of education and learning because the
nature of mobile technology converges with and facilitates new learning. Likewise, mobile
technology is increasingly personal, user-centred, mobile, networked, present, and durable.
The literature indicates that the benefits afforded by this convergence should exert a positive
impact on educational outcomes. (SHAHRUL FARIS BIN AHMAD)

CONCLUSION
As the conclusion, learning process is essential to students and educators. In this
millennia, technology is everything. Without the technology our learning process will be
stunt. In addition, technology bring more advantages to students than disadvantages. Students
should not misused the technology. In learning process technology does not help in Elearning but also in gadget that was develop in this century. Last but not least, learning
process in technological environment is a must to students for them to get better result and
better lifestyle.

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