Reviewer

Personal Notes

I.

Jean Marc Gaspard Itard

- He is the father of Special Education
- He was one of the first to attempt the education of mentally retarded children in a
systematic fashion.
- The Wild Boy of Aveyron
Named Victor, a Feral child, A wild boy captured in
the woods.
Feral child lack of human interaction
- Became interested in the study of process of hearing and the study of the ear and
its diseases.
- Otologist a science that deals with the ear and its diseases
- Itard was the first physician to claim that an enriched environment could
compensate for developmental delays caused by a heredity or previous
deprivation.
- Assumed that mentally retarded persons cannot be educated.

II.

Edward Seguin
- Became a student of Itard
- Known for his work for cognitive impairments
- Educator of the deaf-mute individuals
- Considered the first great teacher in the field of developmental disabilities.
- Apostle of the idiots Pope Pious IX
- Seguin believed that metal deficiencies was caused by a weakness of the nervous
system and could be cured through a process of motor and sensory training.
- Physiological education main goal is to help the patients function as well as
possible in the society

III.

Maria Montessori
- Developed her method by adopting Seguins educational approach through
sensory education
learning by doing : Firsthand experiences Student/Childcentered learning environment
- Opened first Montessori school the Casa dei Bambini also called as Childrens
House January 6 1907

IV.

Samuel Howe
- Philosophy of education of the blind. He believed they shouldnt be doomed to
inequality and be mere objects of pity
blind children could learn as much as
other children.
- Developed the embossed letter system for blind to read, first known as Howe
Type later called Boston line type.

V.

Thomas Hopkins Gallaudet

Reviewer

VI.

Personal Notes

Education for the deaf

instrumental in the creation of Sign Language later
recognized as true language, not just a code representing English words
Met Alice Cogswell, 9 y.o inspired him to study methods for teaching deaf
people - Asked him to go to England to study
Helped develop American Sign Language (ASL)

Louis Braille
- French educator inventor of system of reading and writing for use of the blind
or visually impaired
Braille System
- Got blinded result of childhood accident.
- Access to communication in the widest sense is access to knowledge, and that is
vitally important for us if we (the blind) are not to go on being despised or
patronized by condescending sighted people. We do not need pity nor do we need
to be reminded we are vulnerable. We must be treated as equals and
communication is the way this can be brought about. - Braille