OTC 24425

Nanocoatings Applied to Corrosion Protection at the Oil and Gas

Industry Trends

A. Forero, D.A. Giacometti, M.S. Alencar, R.P. Silva, NanoBusiness Informao e Inovao; A. Labes,
FMC Technologies
Copyright 2013, Offshore Technology Conference
This paper was prepared for presentation at the Offshore Technology Conference Brasil held in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 2931 October 2013.
This paper was selected for presentation by an OTC program committee following review of information contained in an abstract submitted by the author(s). Contents of the paper have not been
reviewed by the Offshore Technology Conference and are subject to correction by the author(s). The material does not necessarily reflect any position of the Offshore Technology Conference, its
officers, or members. Electronic reproduction, distribution, or storage of any part of this paper without the written consent of the Offshore Technology Conference is prohibited. Permission to
reproduce in print is restricted to an abstract of not more than 300 words; illustrations may not be copied. The abstract must contain conspicuous acknowledgment of OTC copyright.

Abstract
The innovative promises of nanotechnologies have fomented growing investments from governments, research centers and
companies. As a multidisciplinary technology, nanotechnology developments are observed in many industries, such as:
chemical, automotive, pharmaceutical, aerospace and defense, electronics, energy and materials. Market researches project
that the global business based on nanotechnology products will reach US$ 3.3Tri in 2018. Nanotechnologies offer
opportunities in all levels of the value chain at the oil and gas industry, contributing with more efficient, less expensive and
more environmentally friendly technologies. Among these opportunities, are: improved data gathering, recognizing and
avoiding dry holes; enhanced materials that provide strength and endurance to increase performance and reliability in drilling,
tubular goods, and rotating parts; improved elastomers, enablers for high pressure high temperature drilling environments;
corrosion protection for surfaces, subsurface and facilities applications; lightweight materials; selective filtration and water
management; and enhanced oil recovery through the modification of reservoir properties. Nanotechnologies applied to
materials science may help to modify or manipulate the characteristics of materials at the molecular level, developing
materials with exclusive characteristics for critical applications. Among nanocoatings applications are antibiotic effects,
thermal insulation, dirt repellent, corrosion resistance, mist absorbent and self cleaning. Nanocoating with self-healing
property is an example of an environmentally friendly application. The objective of this work is to prospect the available
nanotechnologies for corrosion protection for the oil and gas industry. The methodology is based on patents and scientific
papers evaluation, through bibliometric techniques to identify the players that are most representative of the market. 76
patents and 45 scientific papers have been identified. Additionally, data from companies widely recognized at the sector have
verified. As a result from this work, the authors expect to diffuse knowledge of solutions based on nanotechnologies for the
oil and gas sector, contributing to foster innovation at the industry.
Introduction
In global terms, in the last few decades, the field of nanotechnology has drawn more investment from the public sector than
any other single technology area, with figures of around US$8 billion in 2008 from public investment in research. It is also
important to highlight that in the countries that top the rank of such investments, such as the United States, Europe and Japan,
private investments are higher than public investments [1]. In this context, the innovative characteristics offered by
nanotechnology have generated growing investments from governments, research centers and companies alike, encompassing
most fields of knowledge on a worldwide level.
The scenario for investments in nanotechnology is currently very diverse. By the beginning of the century, nanotechnology
was seen as an area of limitless opportunities for virtually all sectors. The biggest challenge then was to understand precisely
what nanotechnologies were and to try to map its applications. Nowadays there has been a shift from the technological
opportunities to the market opportunities. The National Nanotechnology Initiative from the United States government [2]
present a market forecast of around US$1.5 trillion in 2015, whereas European forecasts indicate a market of 1 trillion for
the Euro zone alone. The global market for nanotechnology-based products is expected to reach US$ 3.3 trillion in 2018 [3].

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Nanotechnology applications are not completely new in the oil and gas industry: nanoparticles have been successfully used in
drilling for the last 50 years. However, only recently the other key areas in the oil industry such as exploration, primary and
assisted production, monitoring, refining and distribution are considering nanotechnology as a possible solution for critical
issues related, for instance, to remote locations (such as ultra-deep waters), harsh conditions (high-temperature and highpressure formations), non-conventional reservoirs (heavy oils, tight gas, tar sands) [4].
Thus, the oil and gas industry has been using nanotechnology as a potential solution to different challenges. The use of
nanostructured materials has already shown major results with the significant improvement of some properties such as:
antimicrobial, thermal insulation, water repellency, hardness, resistance to corrosion and incrustation, UV stability, selfcleaning, mist absorption and improvements in some chemical and mechanical properties. In fact, innovation in technologies
for specialized surface coatings is currently growing, a growth that has been largely driven by the needs of leading industries
such as the oil and gas industry.
In this context, intensive R&D activities as well as collaborative research projects are taking place, bringing together the
technological capacity of specialized R&D centers in the field of nanomaterials and the industrial research expertise fo
companies in the oil industry. The intense rhythm of advancements in this field has had a natural effect on the market level,
and the 2017 forecast for global revenues on coatings, namely anti-corrosive coatings, is a very positive one, including the
sectors of surface protection in oil pipelines, materials in harsh environments and drilling equipment [3].
Coating and Nanotechnology
Nanotechnologies applied to materials science may help to modify or manipulate the characteristics of materials at the
molecular level, developing materials with exclusive characteristics for critical applications. Significant studies are been
conducting toward the transition of smart/multifunctional polymer coatings from laboratory curiosities toward the
identification of commercial applications. Intelligent or smart coatings, which may combine the shielding aspect with sensor
or actuator functions, rely on their capabilities to respond to physical, chemical or mechanical stimuli by developing readable
signals. Nanomaterials are expected to be used not only as advanced functional materials, but also as an integral part of
complete smart structures composed of various elements including sensors, actuators and control devices [5].
Some of the key challenges in more advanced research areas are the understanding of corrosion protection mechanism
imparted by conducting polymers and the advancement of micro/nanocapsulation as a means to impart self healing [6].
Nevertheless, some innovative applications seem to be ready for commercialization in a very nearby future, such as a coating
using carbon nanotubes to conduct a current for evenly heating surface, which could be used on pipelines to reduce gas
hydrate formation or to de-ice the blades on wind turbines. Among nanocoatings applications are antibiotic effects, thermal
insulation, dirt repellent, corrosion resistance, mist absorbent and self cleaning. Nanocoating with self-healing property is an
example of an environmentally friendly application [7].
An innovative corrosion-resistant material solution could also be represented by nanometric thin films and composites with
nanostructured fillers. Apart from the economic aspect, which is not strongly favorable yet, corrosion-resistant materials are
surely the just round the corner nanotechnology-based applications, basically because of the combination of several
conditions: relatively low risk, high effectiveness and low complexity. Nano-coated, wear-resistant probes, made of tungsten
carbide or boron nitride, enhance the lifespan and efficiency of the drilling systems, thus inducing remarkable cost savings.
The same applies to the nano-layered corrosion inhibitors in pipes or tanks, which act through the creation of a permanent
molecular layer on the surface of metals, thus eliminating or hampering corrosion induced by HCl or H 2S.

OTC 24425

Methodology
Domestic and international databases from the Oil and Gas industry that use advanced search engines have been used in order
to analyze nanotechnology developments in the field of coatings for the Oil and Gas industry. The first phase of the
investigation - called macro prospecting - consisted of a search for patents and scientific articles related to the topic, based on
text mining methods and software in association to the data bases and sources of information about patents, scientific articles
and market reports.
During the first phase, the search for patents was conducted by using a combination of set criteria and focusing on the
Derwent Class Code H01 classification [3] (Table 1). Thomson Scientific Corporation data bases were also used. The latter
contain data from over 6.500 scientific magazines, from Patents, and they also collect information and data from various
Intellectual Property Institutions such as the Portuguese INPI Instituto Nacional de Propriedade Industrial, the EPO
European Patent Office and the WIPO World Intellectual Property Organization. Figure 1 presents the summary of the
search strategies used during the first phase.
Table 1 DerwentClassCode Classification of activities associated to the Oil & Gas industry.
Source:DerwentClassCode (2013)

CODE

DESCRIPTION

H01

Obtaining crude oil and natural gas - including exploration, drilling, well completion,
production and treatment. General off-shore platform and drilling technology is included
together with the treatment of tar sands and oil shales

H02

Unit operations - including distillation, sorption and solvent extraction

H03

Transportation and storage - only large scale systems are included. Road tankers and retail
petrol station-type applications are excluded. Treatment of pollution from marine oil
tankers is included

H04

Petroleum processing - including treating, cracking, reforming, gasoline preparation biosynthesis based on hydrocarbon feedstocks is included

H05

Refinery engineering

H06

Gaseous and liquid fuels including pollution control. Chemical aspects of catalytic
exhaust systems for cars are included as well as liquid or gaseous fuels of non-petroleum
origin e.g. methanol or ethanol-based fuels. Combustion improvement additives for liquid
fuels are included

H07

Lubricants and lubrication - this excludes self-lubricating surfaces e.g. PTFE coated
surfaces and lubrication systems in general. The section includes lubricants of nonpetroleum origin e.g. silicone oils

H08

Petroleum products, other than fuels and lubricants - this includes hydraulic fluids and
electrical oils even when of non-petroleum origin

H09

Fuel products not of petroleum origin - excluding coal handling, preparation or mining,
but including coking, briquetting, peat processing, synthesis gas production, coal
gasification. Combustion improvement additives for coal, peat and other non-hydrocarbon
based fuels are included together with coal liquefaction and desulphurisation

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INFORMATION RETRIEVAL

Scientific Articles

Patents

Derwent Innovation
Index

Thomson Scientific
Corporation

Thomson Scientific
Corporation

Search strategy:
- Keyword +
classification
- Keywords provided
by the expert
- Classification
adopted:
DerwentClassCode for
oil

Search strategy:
- Key words and
concepts
- International Patent
Classification (IPC)
- Relevant institutions
in the field

Search strategy:
- Key words and
concepts
- International Patent
Classification (IPC)
- Relevant institutions
in the field

Web of Science
Portal Capes
Search strategy:
- Terms on title/
abstract/key-words
- Limits by exclusion
of field of knowledge

Scopus Corrosion
Abstracs
Search strategy:
- Terms on title/
abstract/key-words
- Thesaurus terms

Figure 1. Flowchart of the information search strategies adopted during the macro prospecting phase.
The starting point of the macro prospecting phase was based on key concepts such as:

Concrete, cement, steel, pipe, pipeline, surface casing, conductor casing, oil and gas.

Corrosion, degradation, fouling crevice, pitting, biocorrosion, microbial induced corrosion, sulphate reducing bacteria
(SRB), stress corrosion cracking (SCC)

Coating, covering, corrosion resistant layer, nanocoating, surface nanotechnology, nanostructured metal coating.

Pozzolan, pozzolan concrete, silica, silica fume, metakaolin, geopolymerormicrosilica, nanocomposite, nano silica or
nanoSiO2, nanoFe2O3, carbon nanotubes.

Sea, seawater, marine, offshore.

The primary results generated by the macro prospecting phase were analyzed and validated by experts on corrosion and
bibliometric analysis with experience in the fields of Oil & Gas and nanotechnology. Due to the low number of domestic
patents, the second micro prospecting phase was conducted based on data extraction from the Lattes Platform from CNPq
(National Council for Scientific and Technological Development) and based on text mining of scientific articles from
Brazilian researchers.

Results and Discussion

Macro Prospecting Phase
During the first prospecting phase 550 documents were found for patents with nanotechnology applied to activities described
in the H01 Derwent Class Code Classification [8] (Figure 2). After the analysis and assessment from corrosion experts and
after bibliometric analysis, 177 documents (corresponding to 148 patent families) were considered as being of interest to the
present investigation because of their direct relevancy to the study of nanotechnology or because of their relevant, albeit
tangential, approaches. A more thorough analysis of the results obtained during the macro prospecting phase identified 76
focused patents from the original set of 177 patents, taking into account their description, the use and the area of application
(Figure 3).

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H09
H08
H07
H06
H05
H04
H03
H02
H01

177
patents of
interest

550
patents
identified

76
focused
patents

200

400

600

800

1000

Figure 2. Number of patents identified with

nanotechnology applied to activities from Derwent
ClassCode H01 Classification. Source: NanoBusiness (2013).

Macro prospection phase

Figure 3. Pre-selection phases for the results
from the macro-prospecting phase.

With the purpose of identifying the different fields of application of the technologies described on the 177 selected patent
documents, the results were analyzed taking into account the classifications of each patent and the interpretation of their
multiple contents, such as Novelty, Description, Use, Advantages and Claims. The analyzed patents were grouped according
to six different categories, according to the following considerations:
- Coatings with Pozzolanic materials: correspond to patent documents regarding coatings with improved resistance to
corrosion and containing pozzolanic materials, with set amounts of SiO2, Fe2O3 e and other metallic oxides; or materials
containing artificial pozzolan activators, such as metakaolin or active silica.
- Coatings for the Oil and Gas Industry: correspond to patent documents regarding coatings specifically developed for this
industry, namely for oil pipelines and cement for oil wells, with properties and characteristics that show better response to the
specific conditions to which these components and materials are exposed.
- Geopolimeric cements: correspond to patent documents regarding special cements, with properties different from those of
the Portland cement, namely higher resistance to corrosion.
- Nanocoatings: correspond to patent documents regarding nanocoatings or coatings that contain nanometric particles, such
as nanosilica, nanosilver or carbon nanotubes, for application in different industries such as construction, automotive and
aerospace.
- Nanocoatings for the Oil and Gas Industry: correspond to patent documents regarding nanocoatings or coatings containing
nanometric particles and presenting properties and characteristics with better response to the specific conditions to which the
components are exposed in this industry, namely higher resistance to corrosion, to incrustation and to microbial agents.
- Other coatings steel/cement: correspond to patent documents regarding technologies for protection against corrosion or
corrosion inhibition, with applications not directly related to the investigated technologies.
In order to better understand the interest and the level of investments made on the development of these technologies, their
relative proportions were analyzed within the universe of the selected patents (Figure 4).

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Pozzolanic materials coating

Oil and gas Industry
coating
Geopolimeric cements
Nanocoatings
Oil and Gas Industry
nanocoatings
Other coatings steel /
cement
Figure 4. Proportions of the different technologies and fields of application
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)
Regarding Coatings and Nanocoatings for the Oil and Gas Industry, it is important to highlight that these technologies take
into account different kinds of protection or inhibition of corrosion resulting from the harshness of the environments to which
materials used in this industry are exposed. The proportions of both identified areas (9% and 12%, respectively) are very
similar. This can be explained by the growing concern of the industry regarding the severe effects of corrosion in marine
environments.
In order to assess the evolution and the maturity level of each one of the different technologies and technological fields
identified listed and identified, Figure 5 shows the number of patents published per area for the period of time investigated in
this study.

OTC 24425

Pozzolanic materials coatings

Oil & Gas Industry Coatings

Geopolimeric cements

Nanocoatings

Oil & Gas Industry Nanocoatings

Other coatings steel/cement

Figure 5. Global Technological Evolution Application Area

Source:NanoBusiness (2013)
The area of Nanocoatings stands out the most, showing an intensely growing evolution ever since 2007, with a peak in
publications in the last year, 2012. This indicates the current high level of interest in this area and in this technology, as well
as the level of R&D and the subsequent protection of the advancements achieved. Still in the area of Nanotechnology it is
possible to identify, after 2005, a more intense development of Nanocoatings specifically for the Oil and Gas industry.
It is important to notice that, although at the end of the last decade the field of Coatings for the Oil and Gas industry had a
higher number of publications, there has been a growing evolution, with more inventions protected starting from 2008.
It is interesting to study the nature of the patent applicants in the technological areas analyzed since this study may provide
information regarding who leads the technological development, as can be seen on Figure 6.

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Companie

Universities and R&D Centers

Private inventors

Figure 6. Proportion of institutions applying for patents that lead the development of the technology
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)
A significant part of the research done in these areas is conducted by companies (around 73% of the analyzed documents),
which shows that their maturity level is already translated into fully developed products, tested and available on the
international market. A considerable percentage of private researchers and research institutions, such as Universities and
R&D institutions, are making an effort towards protection in these areas, particularly in the technological fields of
Nanocoatings and Nanocoatings for the Oil and Gas industry and the synthesis of Geopolimers.
Regarding Technological Leadership, the results characterize the analyzed technological areas in terms of applicants that
have published the highest number of documents during the period of time considered in the investigation, and they identify
the institutions that presented the highest technological impact or the highest degree of technological advancement and
evolution (table 2).

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Table 2. Main institutions applying in the area during the macro prospecting phase
APPLICANTS

NO. OF PATENTS

HALLIBURTON ENERGY SERVICES

12

W. R. GRACE & CO

11

INFRAMAT CORP

DENKI KAGAKU KOGYO KK

TAIHEIYO CEMENT CORP

CHINA NAT PETROLEUM CORP

SUB-ONE TECHNOLOGY INC

PETROBRAS PETROLEO BRASIL SA

OUTRAS

16

Micro Prospecting Phase

At the second phase of the technological micro prospecting, the initial scope of the investigation was broadened so as to
include a general overview of the more recent research done in Brazil in the field of nanocoatings applied to corrosion. After
the validation of the information obtained during the micro prospecting phase, 43 patents were selected from the initial set of
76 identified as of interest. Among the 43 selected patents only one was deposited in Brazil, as shown on Figure 7. Taking
into account the low number of patents originating from Brazil and the difficulties found in the identification of potential
suppliers of nanotechnology-based solutions for coatings in Brazil, the second phase of micro prospecting was conducted
based on the data obtained from the Plataforma Lattes of the CNPq and on the text mining done in scientific articles by
Brazilian researchers.
From the combination of search criteria previously defined in the methodology, the first results presented 84 research groups
at 46 institutions totaling 895 researchers and 632 lines of research. At a later phase, results were refined and secondary
searches were made with more specific terms considered relevant to the purpose of the present investigation. 207 researchers
from 32 institutions were selected for the analysis. Finally a more detailed analysis was made based on the total number of
scientific publications in relation to the total number of researchers per institution in order to assess which
institutions/researchers are more active in their respective fields of knowledge. A search for scientific articles from Brazilian
researchers was also conducted in order to identify more precisely works directly related to the topic of nanocoatings applied
to corrosion. From the latter analysis, 108 researchers from 30 institutions were contacted. From these, only 20 researchers
from 12 institutions showed interest in participating in this study, as indicated on Figure 8.

43 selected
patents

76 focused
patents

1 patent
deposited in
Brazil

Micro prospecting phase patents

Figure 7. Pre-selection stages for patents from the micro
prospecting phase results.

32 instuons
207
researchers

46 instuons
895 researchers

108 researchers
contacted
20 researchers
interested

Micro prospecting phase scientific articles

Figure 8. Pre-selection stages for scientific articles
from the micro prospecting phase results.

10

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In reference to the patent research at this phase, Figure 9 presents the evolution of the number of patents per publication year
for the selected documents. It is possible to identify a growth trend, with slight oscillations, and a more intense activity of
development and protection of these technologies in the last five years.

No. of patents

The Technological Leadership indicator from the micro prospecting phase is shown on Table 3. Among the institutions that
present a higher technological impact or a higher degree of advancement and technological evolution for the period
investigated, Inframat Advanced Materials and Sub-One Technology stand out with, respectively, 8 and 6 patents deposited.

8
6
4
2
0

1999 2000 2001 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013

Publicaon year
Figure 9 Evolution of the number of patents per publication year.
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)
Table 2. Main applicants in the field during the micro prospecting phase
APPLICANTS

No. of Patents

INFRAMAT CORP

SUB-ONE TECHNOLOGY INC

CHINESE ACAD SCI INST METAL RES

CHEVRON USA INC

HARDIDE COATINGS LTD

Figure 10 shows the elements that characterize the technologies used by these companies in the development of their
solutions. As can be observed, silica- and titanium-based nanocoatings are more present, being used by four among the five
companies identified in the technological leadership indicators.

OTC 24425

11

100%

90%

80%

70%

60%

50%

40%

30%

20%

10%

Ti
6

Au
1

Zn
1
Ti
2

Ce
5
Zr
5
Cr
5

Mo
5
Ni
5

Ag
1

Si
4
Al
3

Ti
3

Ag
Zn

Ti
Ce

Mo
1

Zr
Cr
Mo

Ni
1

Co
5
Cu
5

Au

Ti
2

Co
1

Ni
Si
3

Co

Si
4

Cu
Si
2

Si
Al
Mg
Ca

Cu
1

Al
1

0%
INFRAMAT CORP

HARDIDE COATINGS LTD

CHINESE ACAD SCI INST SUB-ONE TECHNOLOGY INC

METAL RES

CHEVRON USA INC

Figure 10. Distribution of the elements used in the companies that lead the development of nanocoatings.
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)
Although the technological prospecting study aimed at identifying potential suppliers of nanotechnology-based solutions for
coatings located in Brazil, it was not possible to identify companies or research centers in Brazil that had products or
technology mature enough for the market and that simultaneously met the following requisites:
1.

Existence of pilot tests, whether private or not, that can project the technical feasibility of the enterprise;

2.
Do not need additional studies, except for optimization and natural developmental improvements, for their effective
implementation in the Oil & Gas industry.
It is important to mention that among the 43 patents analyzed in the technological micro prospecting study, only one patent
was deposited in Brazil.
In reference to scientific articles and researchers generating knowledge related to the investigated topic in Brazil, Figure 11
shows the geographical distribution of the research groups identified. Although there is a concentration in the South and
Southeast Regions, the Northeast Region also presents a significant number of research groups, especially the Universidade
Federal de Campina Grande (UFCG).

12

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UFPI (1)

UFCG (4)
UFPB (1)
UFPE (1)
UPE (1)
UFS (2)
UFBA (1)

EMBRAPA (1)
UnB (1)

2
3
4
+5

FURB
UFSC
UNESC
UESC

(1)
(5)
(3)
(1)

CBPF (2)
PUC/RJ (2)
UFRJ (4)
INPI (1)
UFF (1)

PUC/PR (1)
UEPG (2)
UFPR (1)
UEL (1)
IFRS (1)
PUC/RS (2)
UFPR (1)
UCS (2)
UFPEL (1)

CEFET/MG (1)
UFMG (6)
UFOP (1)
UFSJ (1)
UFU (1)
USP (4)
Unicamp (1)
UNESP (3)
CNEN (1)
Fei (1)
CEETEPS (1)
IPT (1)
ITA (3)
UFS (2)
UFSCar (2)
UFABC (2)

Figure 11. Geographical distribution of the groups of applied research on nanotechnology in Brazil.
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)
Figure 12 shows the distributions of the field of applied knowledge and under development in Brasil. As may be observed,
Metallurgical and Materials Engineering is the field of knowledge with the highest proportion in the creation of research
groups dedicated to the topics investigated, followed by Chemistry (11%), Physics (11%) and Mechanical Engineering
(11%).

Chemical
Engineering
5%
Nuclear
Engineering
Civil 5%
Engineering
7%

Electrical Aerospace
Engineering Engineering
4%
2%

Biophysics
1%

Materials and
Metallurgical
Engineering
43%

Chemistry
11%
Physics
11%

Mechanical
Engineering
11%

Figure 12. Distribution of the areas of applied knowledge in nanotechnology in Brazil.

Source: NanoBusiness (2013)

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13

Figure 13 presents the relationship between the number of researchers and the quantity of lines of research per academic
institution. The size of each color circle represents an indication of the amount of collaboration of the institution with the
industrial sector.

Lines of Research

50
45

UFSC

40

UFRGS

35

UFMG

30
25

UCS

20

PUC/RJ

15

PUC/RS

10

FURB

5
0

10

20

30

40
Researchers

50

60

70

80

UFPR
USP

Figure 13. Relationship between researchers and lines of research that develop nanotechnology in Brazil.
Source: Nanobusiness (2013)
In spite of having fewer researchers, the Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul stands out for the number of lines of
research and for its strong interaction with the industrial sector if compared to the other institutions. On the other hand, the
Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina shows a large number of researchers and lines of research, besides having an active
collaboration with the industrial sector.
After the identification of the set of scientific articles dedicated to the topic of nanocoatings, text mining tools were applied
aiming at extracting information related to the existing research groups and to the kinds of nanocoatings studied, as well as
the particles (e.g.: Si, Ti, Cr, etc.) of interest. Figure 14 shows the research networks identified in Brazil per institutions and
grouped regarding nanocoatings according to: Nanoreservoirs, Nanostructured, Nanocomposites/Nanostructured and
Nanocomposites.

14

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NANOSTRUCTURES
NANOESTRUTURAS

 

NANOSTRUCTURES
NANOESTRUTURAS
NANOCOMPOSITES
NANOCOMPSITOS

  

 

 

  

NANORESERVOIRS
NANORESERVATRIOS
    



     
 !   "
 

  

NANOCOMPOSITES
NANOCOMPSITOS


 

   !     "
 
!    
 
   !    
   

Figure 14. Correlations between research institutions and the different kinds of nanocoatings.
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)
Figure 15 shows the distribution of the research networks identified regarding the particles of interest. In general, although
nanoparticles based on Titanium (Ti) are comparatively more present in publications, it is possible to identify in Brazil a
relative diversity of lines of research regarding the application of particles in nanocoatings.

2 UNESP
1 UFSCar

Author Affiliations

2
1
1
1

Cu

1 UFSCar

1 USP
1 UEMS
1 UNESP

1 USP
1 UNESP

UNESP
UFSCar
UEMS
USP

Author Affiliations

1 UNESP
1 UFPE
1 INPE

Ag

Zr

Nb

CNT

Author Affiliations

Author Affiliations

1 UFSCar

Sb

Ce
Author Affiliations

Author Affiliations

Author Affiliations

La

1 UFSCar
Author Affiliations

Cl

Sn

Author Affiliations

Author Affiliations

Author Affiliations

1 UFSCar

Co

Al

Fe

Author Affiliations

1 ABMM
1 UFSCar
1 UNESP

Author Affiliations

1 UFSCar

2
1
1
1
1

Author Affiliations

1 UNESP
1 UFRGS

1 INPE

UNESP
UFSCar
EADS Inn
UFRGS
Universi

Ca
Author Affiliations

Si

Author Affiliations

2
2
1
1
1

Author Affiliations

2 USP
1 UFSCar
1 ABMM

Author Affiliations

1
1
1
1
1

USP
UFRGS
EADS Inn
UFPR
Universi

Author Affiliations

1 UFRGS
1 UFPR

Mg

1 UDESC
1 UFC

INPE
ABMM
UCS
UDESC
UFRGS

Author Affiliations

3 UCS
1 ULBRA

C l ay

Author Affiliations

1 IPEN
1 ABMM

Zn

Author Affiliations

Author Affiliations

1 IPEN
1 ABMM

1 IPEN
1 ABMM

N
Ni
Cr

Ti

Ba
Author Affiliations

1 UCS

Author Affiliations

1 ABMM
1 UCS
1 UFRGS

Author Affiliations

1 CSN
1 UDESC
1 ABMM

Figure 15. Network linking research institution and elements or particles applied to the nanocoatings sector.
Source: NanoBusiness (2013)

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15

Considering the use of different nanometric inputs on the composition of nanocoatings developed by Brazilian researchers,
Figure 16 displays the clusters of the main elements identified and presented in the scientific articles analyzed.

Figure 16. Cluster of elements or particles applied to nanocoatings developed by Brazilian researchers.
Fonte: NanoBusiness (2013)

CONCLUSIONS
The handling of materials on a nanometric scale has been drawing much interest due to its application potential in various
fields. In fact, nanotechnology has presented itself as one of the possible solutions that may help diminish or even solve many
of the problems related to the degradation of currently existing materials. Therefore, research and development of new and
competitive products that may be used by the international market is very important. Moreover, it is necessary to set forth a
system to identify sustainable materials with low environmental impact in order to promote the integration of nanotechnology
without harmful impacts in the future.
Although the applicability of nanomaterials is relatively well established in some areas, the potential practical use of different
nanostructured materials for the prevention of corrosion is still incipient and many challenges need to be overcome.
Although the study of technological prospecting aimed at identifying potential suppliers for nanotechnology-based solutions
for coatings located in Brazil, no companies or research centers were identified in the country that have products or
technologies mature enough for the market.
It was only in the last five years that advancements in the development of nanocoatings and its protection became more
intense. Thus, the low presence of Brazil in the micro prospecting study may be related to the recent character of these
technologies.

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A small number of Brazilian patents has been identified, and there are difficulties in identifying potential suppliers of
nanotechnology-based solutions for coatings in Brazil.

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