OWT - Completion Report - Green PNPM in Sulawesi - 2013

Completion Report
2013
KECAMATAN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM AND

ENVIRONMENT
(PNPM-GREEN) IN SULAWESI
Component 3: Awareness Raising and Training (TF-090977)
PROVINCE: SOUTH AND SOUTH EAST SULAWESI
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Contact Information
Name
: Dr. Edi Purwanto
Position
: Director of Operation Wallacea Trust (OWT)
Addresss
: Taman Cimanggu Jln. Akasia Block P III No. 14, Bogor
Phone/Fax
: + 62 251-8111145
Mobile
: + 62 (0) 81 296 55 233
Email
: purwanto.owt@gmail.com
Website
: www.owt.or.id
Table of Contents
Page
Contact Information ........................................................................................................... i
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................... iii
List of Tables........................................................................................................................... viii
List of Figures.......................................................................................................................... viii
List of Boxes............................................................................................................................ ix
List of Appendices................................................................................................................... x
List of Glossary and Acronym................................................................................................. xiii
Executive Summary................................................................................................................ xv
I Chapter 1 : Introduction.................................................................................................... 1
1.1.
Background.......................................................................................................... 1
1.1.1.
1.1.2.
1.1.3.
1.1.4.
1.1.5.
1.1.6.
Objective of the Report........................................................................................ 2

Organization of the Report................................................................................... 2
1.2.
1.3.
PNPM-Green.......................................................................................... 1
Development Objective......................................................................... 1
Approach............................................................................................... 1
Operation Wallacea Trust (OWT)............................................................ 2
OWT facilitation supports on PNPM-Green pilots in Sulawesi................ 2
PNPM-Green facilitation sites iJn Sulawesi under TF-090977.................. 2
II Chapter 2 : Dynamic Changes of OWT Facilitation Approaches :

Searching the best fit of community empowerment for

natural resource management........................................................................ 7

ii
Dr. Edi Purwanto
2.1.
2.2.
Introduction.......................................................................................................... 7
Phase 1: Period 2008............................................................................................. 7
2.2.1.
2.2.2.
2.2.3.
2.2.4.
2.2.5.
2.2.6.
2.2.7.
2.3.

Phase 2 : Period 2009............................................................................................ 10

2.3.1. Condition............................................................................................... 10
2.3.2. Facilitation Strategies............................................................................ 10
2.3.3. Staffing.................................................................................................. 10
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Condition............................................................................................... 7
Facilitation Strategies............................................................................ 8
Staffing.................................................................................................. 9
Problem-1.............................................................................................. 9
Lessons-learned..................................................................................... 9
Problem-2.............................................................................................. 9
Lessons-learned..................................................................................... 10
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2.3.4. Formulation of NRM specialist team...................................................... 10

2.3.5. Problem-3.............................................................................................. 11
2.3.6. Remedial actions.................................................................................... 11
Phase 3 : Period 2010............................................................................................ 12
2.4.
2.4.1. Condition............................................................................................... 12
2.4.2. Main facilitation strategies..................................................................... 12
2.4.3. Problems and implication to the changing approaches........................... 12
Phase 4 : Period 2011............................................................................................ 15
2.5.
2.5.1. Condition............................................................................................... 15
2.5.2. Main facilitation..................................................................................... 15
2.5.3. Facilitated budget design during MAD III................................................ 15
2.5.4. Remedial actions (2012)......................................................................... 16
Phase 5 : Period 2012............................................................................................ 16
2.6.
2.6.1. Condition............................................................................................... 16
2.6.2. Main facilitation in South Sulawesi Province........................................... 17
2.6.3. Conducted film screening through My Darling car................................ 17
Remedial actions in South Sulawesi Province........................................................ 18
2.6.4.
III Chapter 3: Strategies and Achievements : Outputs, Outcomes and Success Stories.......... 21
3.1.
3.2.
Introduction.......................................................................................................... 21
Performance Indicator 1........................................................................................ 21
3.2.1.
Result Indicator 1.................................................................................... 21

1a.

1b.

1c.

1d.

3.3.
iv
3.4.
2d.1.
2d.2.
2d.3.
2d.4.
2d.5.
2d.6.
2d.7.
2d.8.
2d.9.
2d.10.
2d.11.
2d.12.
2d.13.
2d.14.
2d.15.
2d.16.
2d.17.
2d.18.
2d.19.
2d.20.
2d.21.
Mangrove Planting/Rehabilitation............................................ 26
Catchment area rehabilitation and ecotourism development... 27
Recharge wells......................................................................... 28
Fruit and cash crops planting.................................................... 29
Energy saving stove.................................................................. 31
Cashew processing................................................................... 32
Mangrove crab fattening.......................................................... 33
Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO).......................................................... 34
Fish Aggregating Device (Rumpon)........................................... 34
Biogas...................................................................................... 35
Organic fertilizer...................................................................... 37
Coconut shell Charcoal Briquette (CCB).................................... 38
Portable solar drier................................................................... 38
Honey-bee culture.................................................................... 39
King Oyster Mushroom............................................................ 40
Straw mushroom...................................................................... 40
Vegetative Propagation............................................................ 41
Plastic waste handicraft............................................................ 41
Fish chips home-industry.......................................................... 42
Conversion of generator fuel from benzene to gas................... 43
Garbage Bank........................................................................... 44
Performance Indicator 3........................................................................................ 50

3.4.1.
Result Indicator 3a.................................................................................. 50

3a.1.

3a.2.

3a.3.

3a.4.

Page
3.4.2.
Organized NRM Training for village officials and setrawan........ 50

Organized province and (sub) district workshops to introduce
and mainstream NRM.............................................................. 50
Inserted NRM subjects on workshop organized by government
officials at district nd province level.......................................... 50
Promotion of PNPM-Green on exhibition festival at district
and province level..................................................................... 50
Result Indicator 3b................................................................................. 50
3b.1.
3b.2.
Performance Indicator 2....................................................................................... 22
Result Indicator 3c.................................................................................. 52
3.3.1.
3.3.2.

3c.1.

3c.2.
Result Indicator 2a................................................................................. 23


2b.1.

2b.2.

Supported GF recruitment, GF pre-service training design

and delivery............................................................................. 21
Delivered NRM training to GF during annual refresher
training.................................................................................... 22
Partnered with Danida to develop NRM Manual and Booklets
and delivered training to Setrawan and FKL............................. 22
Enhanced GF technical capacity on vegetative and generative
propagation, catchment area rehabilitation and solar
photovoltaic............................................................................. 22
3.3.3.
3.3.4.
Stimulated women to involve on green decision making

process..................................................................................... 23
Enhanced environmental education on secondary schools....... 24
Result Indicator 2c.................................................................................. 25

Result Indicator 2d................................................................................. 26
Dr. Edi Purwanto
3.5.
3.4.3.
Facilitated RPJM-Des formulation............................................ 50

Reviewed RPJM-Des................................................................. 51
Stimulated local community and government to replicate
Biogas installation : See Box 3.3................................................ 52
Stimulated local government to run garbage bank: See 2d.21.. 52
Performance Indicator 4....................................................................................... 52

3.5.1.
Result Indicator 4a................................................................................. 52

4a.1.

Dr. Edi Purwanto
Facilitated village regulation formulation to sustain

PNPM-Green sub-projects assets............................................. 52
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Facilitated sub-projects maintenance....................................... 52

Promoted PNPM-Green ob PNPM-Exit Strategy...................... 52

4.2.9. Lesson Learned 9/2010: The need to empower community roles on
budget plans.......................................................................................... 63

4.2.10. Lesson Learned 10/2010: The need to improve tree planting
sub-projects implementation................................................................. 63

4.2.11. Lesson Learned No. 11/2010: The need to allocate considerable fund

for tree planting sub-project maintenances............................................ 64

4.2.12. Lesson Learned No. 12/20l0: The need to define the tasks of
PNPM-Green Management Team........................................................... 64

4.2.13. Lesson Learned No. 13/20l0: The need to strengthen verification

process of Green Sub-projects proposals................................................ 65

4.2.14. Lesson Learned No. 14/20l0: The need to link PNPM actors with the

existing village institutions..................................................................... 65

4.2.15. Lesson Learned No. 15/2011: Enhancement of tree planting sub-project

facilitation during integration with regular development planning......... 65

4.2.16. Lessons Learned No. 16/2012: The need to strengthen solar

photovoltaic sub-projects facilitations.................................................... 66

4.2.17. Lesson Learned No. 17/2012: The need to clarify benefit sharing

mechanism of tree planting sub-projects............................................... 66

4.2.18. Lesson Learned No. 18/2012: Efforts to avoid hard facilitation exit in
South Sulawesi....................................................................................... 66
4a.2.
4a.3.
3.5.2.

4b.1.

4.b.2.

4.b.3.

4.b.4.

4.b.5.

4.b.6.

4.b.7.

4.b.8.

4.b.9.

4.b.10.
Stimulated involvement of relevant development projects

(agencies) to support green sub-projects.................................. 52
Replicated PNPM-Green smart practices on FEATI program in
Buton and Kolaka Districts....................................................... 53
Replicated PNPM-Green smart practices on AgFor program in
Kolaka District.......................................................................... 54
Facilitated monthly coordination meeting among
PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders...................................... 54
Building collaborative environmental campaigns with province
PMD......................................................................................... 54
Building collaborative environmental campaigns with Centre
PMD......................................................................................... 54
Collaborated with BaKTI to promote PNPM-Green smart
practices................................................................................... 55
Mainstream green activities through Lestari Desaku
Magazine................................................................................. 55
Collaborated with TSU to promote PNPM-Green smart
practices to NGOs in Sulawesi.................................................. 55
Linking Green farmer groups with UPK..................................... 55
IV Chapter 4. Lessons Learned............................................................................................. 61

4.1. Introduction.......................................................................................................... 61
4.2.
Challenges and Lessons Learned.......................................................................... 61

4.2.1. Lesson Learned 1/2009: Environmental awareness should not only be

targeted to grass-root but also the elites at village and (sub) districts
level....................................................................................................... 61

4.2.2. Lesson learned No. 2/2009: Viability of green sub-projects are highly

determined by the availability of local resources.................................... 61

4.2.3. Lesson learned No. 3/2009: The success of tree planting sub-projects

are sensitive to season........................................................................... 62

4.2.4. Lesson learned No. 4/2009: The need to consider number of

sub-project beneficiaries........................................................................ 62

4.2.5. Lesson Learned No. 5/2009: Democratic ranking of sub-projects

proposals are not suitable for green program......................................... 62

4.2.6. Lesson Learned No. 6/2009: Avoid bidding for material procurement..... 62

4.2.7. Lesson learned No. 7/2009: Optimize the use green block-grant for

action oriented activities........................................................................ 63

4.2.8. Lesson Learned No. 8/2010: Green block grant should not be perceived

as ordinary village funding sources......................................................... 63
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
V Chapter 5. Conclusion and Outlook................................................................................... 69

5.1. Conclusions.......................................................................................................... 69
5.2. Outlooks............................................................................................................... 71

5.2.1.
5.2.2.
5.2.3.
5.2.4.
5.2.5.
Roles of CSO on the past Green program................................................ 71

Roles of CSO on future Green program................................................... 71
Local CSOs or CBOs............................................................................... 71
Problems on Greening PNPM Rural in the past....................................... 72
Greening PNPM-Rural............................................................................ 72
Appendices............................................................................................................................ 75
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vii
List of Tables
Page
Table 2.1.
Table 2.2.
Table 2.3.
Table 3.1.
Table 3.2.
Table 3.3.
Table 3.4.
Table 3.5.
Table 3.6.

Table 3.7.
Table 3.8.
Table 3.9

Changes facilitation approaches for local community........................................... 13

Changes facilitation approaches for PNPM-Green Facilitators.............................. 14
Changes facilitation approaches to PNPM-Green Stakeholders............................ 14
Summary of published IEC materials.................................................................... 23
Women based income generating activities in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces......... 24
Environmental education on secondary schools in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces... 25
List of Green Learning Houses (Rumah Pembelajaran) in SE Sulawesi.................... 30
List of Green Learning Houses (Rumah Pembelajaran) in S Sulawesi...................... 31
Summary of direct beneficiaries on environmental training and awareness in
S and SE Sulawesi Provinces................................................................................. 45
Type and number of demo-plots (D) and GLH in SE Sulawesi................................ 46
Type and number of demo-plots (D) and GLH in S Sulawesi.................................. 46
Summary of Strategy, Activities, Outputs, Impacts, Outcomes and Success
Stories.................................................................................................................. 56
List of Figures
Page
Figure 3.13. Portable solar dryer in Kotilombu Village, Sampolawa.......................................... 39

Figure 3.14. Hone-bee culture demo-plot in Napalakura Village, Napabalano.......................... 39
Figure 3.15. King-Oyster demo-plot in Welala Village, Ladongi................................................ 40
Figure 3.16. Straw mushroom demo-plot in Atula Village, Ladongi.......................................... 40
Figure 3.17. Tree nursery demo-plot in Kahulungaya Village, Pasarwajo.................................. 41
Figure 3.18. Women group facilitation on plastic waste handicraft home industry,

Saragih Village, Pasarwajo.................................................................................... 42
Figure 3.19. Women group facilitation on fish-chips home industry, Ampekale, Bontoa........... 43
Figure 3.20. Conversion of generator fuel from benzene to gas................................................ 44
Figure 3.21. Plastic garbage collection on Garbage Bank implementation in school................. 44
Figure 3.22. Number and types of demo-plot replication through Green block grant and

government.......................................................................................................... 47
Figure 3.23. Number of demo-plot replication by block-grant years in SE Sulawesi Province.... 49
List of Boxes

Page
Figure 1.1. Maps of Sub-districts facilitation in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces.......................... 4

Figure 1.2. Maps of Sub-districts facilitation in S Sulawesi Provinces...................................... 5
Figure 2.1. Strategy to initiate G-KDP until MD Perencanaan (2008)...................................... 8
Figure 3.1. Mangrove rehabilitation sub-project in Pasir Putih, Bola Wajo.............................. 26
Figure 3.2. Ecotourism sub-project in Latugho Village, Lawa; the situation before (left) and

after (right)........................................................................................................... 28
Figure 3.3. Recharge well demo-plot in SMA II Sengkang, Wajo............................................ 28
Figure 3.4. Orange planting demo-plot in Warinta Village, Pasarwajo.................................... 29
Figure 3.5. Training on the making of energy saving stove in Gunung Sejuk Village,

Sampolawa.......................................................................................................... 32
Figure 3.6. Women group facilitation on cashew processing in Lalemba Village, Lawa........... 33
Figure 3.7. Mangrove crab fattening in Oengkolaki village, Mawasangka............................... 33
Figure 3.8. Women group facilitation on VCO home industry in Oengkolaki Village,

Mawasangka........................................................................................................ 34
Figure 3.9. Fish-aggregating device demo-plot in Oempu Village, Tongkuno.......................... 35
Figure 3.10. Biogas demo-plot in Gunung Sari Village, Watubangga......................................... 36
Figure 3.11. Key-farmer champion for liquid organic fertilizer, Sidarwan (left), champion from

Inalipule Village, Tanasitolo; and Andi Monjong (right), champion from Parigi

Village, Takallala................................................................................................... 37
Figure 3.12. Women group facilitation on CCB home-industry in Balabone Village,

Mawasangka........................................................................................................ 38
Box 2.1.
Box 2.2.
Box 2.3.
Box 2.4.
Box 2.5.
Box 2.6.
Box 3.1.
Box 3.2.
Box 3.3.
Box 3.4.
Box 3.5.
Box 3.6.

Box 3.7.

Box 3.8.

Box 3.9.

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Dr. Edi Purwanto
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Main activities from (November 2007-December 2008)....................................... 9

Main activities from (January-December 2009).................................................... 12
Main Page activities from (January-December 2010)............................................ 15
Main activities from January-December 2011....................................................... 16
Main activities from January-October 2012 in SE Sulawesi Province..................... 18
Main activities from May-October 2012 in S Sulawesi Province............................ 18
NRM Capacity Building Strategy for Green Facilitators......................................... 22
NRM Capacity Building Strategy for Rural Community.......................................... 25
Inter-village comittment to rehabilitate mangrove, Mawasangka, Buton.............. 27
Success Story: Adoption of Biogas demo-plots in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces..... 36
NRM Capacity Building Strategy for Government Officials and Parliaments.......... 51
Success story: Village Regulation on bride (groom) tree planting, Panyukukang,
Bontoa, Maros...................................................................................................... 51
Success Story: Integrated investment on Wakante Ecotourism, Latugho, Lawa,
Muna.................................................................................................................... 53
Success Story: District Government support on VCO Women Group, Oengkolaki,
Mawasangka, Buton............................................................................................. 53
Success Story: Integrated investment on CCB village enterprise, Balabone,
Mawasangka, Buton............................................................................................. 54
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List of Appendices

Page
Appendix 1: Beneficiary Success Stories......................................................................... 75

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

Solar Panel in Pewutaa Village, Baula, Kolaka (Success Story No. 1/2011)....... 77
Mangrove Rehabilitation from Haji Muhammad in Bahari, Napabalano,
Muna (Success Story No. 2/2011).................................................................... 77
Spring Water Rehabilitation in Awainulu Village, Pasarwajo, Buton
(Success Story No. 3/2011).............................................................................. 77
Coastal dyke development in Gerak Makmur Village, Sampolawa, Buton
(Success Story No. 4/2011) ............................................................................. 78
Mangrove Rehabilitation in Mawasangka Village, Mawasangka, Buton
(Success Story No. 5/2011)............................................................................. 78
Smart Practice House (SPH) at Gunung Sejuk, Sampolawa, Buton
(Success Story No. 6/2011)............................................................................. 78
Wa Nadia a women champion from, Lalemba, Lawa, Muna
(Success Story No. 7/2011).............................................................................. 78
Zainuddin Mariuddin a key champion from Lahontohe, Tongkuno, Muna
(Success Story No. 8/2011)............................................................................. 79
Pak Lanu, beneficiary of tree planting sub-project in Jaya Bakti Village,
Sampolawa Sub-District, Buton (Success Story No. 9/2011)........................... 79
Gunung Sejuk Villagers, beneficiary of ecotourism, Sampolawa, Buton
(Success Story No. 10/2011)............................................................................ 80
Gusi-Gusi, nursery women group from Waangu-Wangu, Pasarwajo, Buton
(Success Story No. 11/2011)............................................................................ 80
Kaluku Lestari, VCO women group from Mawasangka, Buton
(Success Story No. 12/2011)............................................................................ 81
Bu Salamah: Key champion of garbage plastic handicraft makers from
Saragih Pasarwajo, Buton (Success Story No. 13/2011)................................... 82
Pak Zakaria: Key farmers and environmental hero from Pasarwajo, Buton
(Success Story No. 14/2011)............................................................................ 82
Page
21. Bakko Lestari Women Group: Restoring mangrove forest and developing
fish cracker home industry (Success story No. 25/2012).................................. 87

22. Sipurio Farmer Group, Inalipu E Village, Tanasitolo, Wajo: Improved
horticulture farming using water weed (Eichomia crasipes) organic liquid
fertilizer (Success story No. 26/2012).............................................................. 87
Appendix 2 : TF-090977: Information, Education Communications (IEC) Materials

Produced by OWT (2008 2012).................................................................... 88
Appendix 3a : Community training in SE Sulawesi ............................................................... 99

Appendix 3b : Community training in South Sulawesi........................................................... 107
Appendix 3c : Training workshops for PNPM-Green actors in SE Sulawesi............................ 109
Appendix 4a : Community Awareness in SE Sulawesi........................................................... 110
Appendix 4b : Community Awareness in South Sulawesi...................................................... 116
Appendix 5a : Demo-pilots in SE Sulawesi............................................................................ 117
Appendix 5b : Demo-pilots in South Sulawesi............................................................. 120
Appendix 6 : Summary of Financial Report TF-090977.............................................. 123

15. Kaluku Harapan: CCB community enterprise from Mawasangka, Buton
(Success Story No. 15/2011)............................................................................ 83

16. Local Initiatives to replicated Rumpon, Oempu (Muna) and Gumanano
(Buton), Success Story No. 16/2012................................................................ 84

17. PNPM-Green has successfully stimulated local community to plant tree
crops, Ladongi, Kolaka (Success Story No. 17/2012)........................................ 84

18. Biogas replication in Muna and Buton Districts (Success Story No. 21/2012)... 85

19. Lights break the darkness of Tanjung Village: solar photovoltaic
sub-project in the remote village (Success story No. 22/2012)........................ 86

20. Replication of CCB home industries by 2012 PNPM-Green in Muna District
(Success story No. 23/2012)............................................................................ 86
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List of Abbreviation and Acronym
xii
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Bappeda
Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah, Development Planning

Agency at district/province level
BUMDES
Badan Usaha Milik Desa, village owned enterprise
BPDAS
Watershed management Centre, technical implementing unit of the

Ministry of Forestry
BLHD
Distrtict Environmental Agency, Badan Lingkungan Hidup daerah
BLM
Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat, PNPM-Green block grant
BPD
Badan Perwakilan Desa, Village representative council
CCB
Coconut shell charcoal briquette
CDD
Community driven development
CSO
Civil Service Organization/Non Government Organization
CBO
Community Based Organization
Demo-plots
Demonstration Plots (demo-pilots)
DOK
PNPMs Operational facilitation fund at sub-district level
DPRD
Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah (District Parliament)
FKL
Green-PNPM facilitator at kecamatan level (consultant)
FGD
Focus Group Discussion
FEATI
Farmer Empowerment through Agricultural Technology and

Information
GF
Green Facilitator (FKL, Astal, SPL)
GLH
Green Learning House/Rumah Pembelajaran Lingkungan
IGA
Income Generating Activity
IEC
Information Education and Communication
KVC
Key village champions
KAP
Knowledge Attitude and Practices
KDP
Kecamatan Development Program
KVG
Key Village Government
KPMD
Kader Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa, village development cadre
Korprov
Consultant coordinator at province level
Korkab
Koordinator Kabupaten, OWT facilitator at district level
Korcam
Kordinator Kecamatan, OWT facilitator at sub-district level
Dr. Edi Purwanto
xiii
LEM
Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat, village owned enterprise/BUMDES
MAD
Inter-villages meetings at sub-district level
MHP
Micro-hydro power
My Darling Car
Masyarakat Sadar Lingkungan (Environmental awareness

community) car.
NRM
Natural resources management
NMC
National Management Consultant
OWT
Operation Wallacea Trust
PMD
Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa, Agency for community and village

empowerment at central/province/district level
PSF
PNPM Support Facility
PTO
Guideline of program implementation
PL
Pembantu Lapangan, GF assistance at sub-district level
PLTS
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Surya (Solar Photovoltaic)
PJOK
Government official in charge in operating the PNPM-Green at

kecamatan level
Perdes
Peraturan Desa, village regulation
Perda
Peraturan Daerah, district regulation
RAB
Rencana Anggaran Biaya, project cost proposal
RE
Renewable energy, energi baru terbarukan
RPJM-Desa
Rencana Pembangunan Jangka Menengah-Desa, Village mid term

development plan
Setrawan
PNS fasilitator, Civil servant facilitator
SDA
Sumberdaya alam, natural resources
SKPD
Satuan kerja perangkat daerah, district agencies
TTG
Teknologi tepat guna, appropriate technology.
TPK
Tim Pelaksana Kegiatan, Project implementer Team
UPK
Unit Pelaksana Kegiatan, implementing unit, PNPM Organization at

Kecamatan level which is in charge in administering PNPM funding.
VCO
Virgin Coconut Oil
Perda
Peraturan Daerah, District Regulation
Perdes
Peraturan Desa, Village Regulation
QR
Quarterly Report
xiv
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
PNPM-Green is a pilot-project which is designed in part to mainstream NRM and RE
issues within the core operations of the national PNPM-Rural program. On Sulawesi
(North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi, West Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi), PNPM-Green
has been active since 2008 to the end of 2012. A key component of PNPM-Green is
the technical assistance provided by CSO. These sub-projects were financed through the
PNPM-Green block grants and were focused in NRM practices, IGA, and RE.
OWT is a CSO has a GA with PSF to deliver environmental awareness raising and training
activities to the pilots community beneficiaries and local government officials to assist
in the design and implementation of viable green sub-projects. Under TF-090977, OWT
provided full supports in two provinces in Sulawesi, i.e. SE Sulawesi (since November
2007 - October 2012) and S Sulawesi (since April - October 2012). The report provides
summary of OWT activities, strategies, achievements to support PNPM-Green in S and
SE Sulawesi Provinces. The report documents approaches, strategies and lessons learned
to empower community for NRM, IGA and RE sub-projects at village level and the ways
to mainstream the smart-practices at (sub) district and (sub)-national level.
1. Achievements
1.1. We developed 14 types of IEC material, ranges from training modules (25 titles),
training manuals (7 titles), book (1 title), DVD film (26 titles), radio broadcast (5 tiles),
Posters (10 topics), Ballyhoo (4 types), Banners (8 topics), Leaflets (16 titles), Iron
campaign boards (9 types), stickers (7 types), T-Shirts (3 model). We also published and
distributed three editions of Lestari Desaku magazines. Total direct beneficiaries of the
IEC are 30,000 people.
1.2. With reference to the results of KAP survey conducted at the beginning of the
program, we designed most community training on the basis of learning by doing
(emphasis on practical work) principle. Trainings were not conducted in the class but
directly doing the jobs on the field. During the course of the program in SE Sulawesi
Province (60 months), there were 8.657 male, 4.572 female and 4.244 youth have
joined our environmental trainings at village and sub-district level. The level of women
participation is 35%. While during 6 months facilitation in S Sulawesi, there were 1.477
male and 795 female and 40 youth attended our environmental training. The level of
women participation is 35%.
1.3. We believed that sustainable environmental initiatives can only be achieved when
enable to open new opportunities to local community livelihoods. NRM and RE initiatives
will only be sustainable if they can enhance IGA or reduce poor household expenditure.
Accordingly, we inspired and facilitated local community to develop innovative sub-projects
which do not only benefit for environment but also supported site-specific livelihoods
development. We developed 21 types of demo-plots: (a) mangrove rehabilitation;
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xv
(b) catchment area rehabilitation and ecotourism development; (c) recharge wells; (d) fruit
and cash crops planting; (e) energy saving stove; (f) cashew processing; (g) mangrove
crab fattening; (h) virgin coconut oil (VCO); (i) fish aggregating device; (j) biogas; (k)
organic fertilizer; (l) coconut shell charcoal briquette (CCB); (m) portable solar drier;
(n) honey-bee culture; (o) king oyster mushroom; (p) straw mushroom; (q) vegetative
propagation; (r) plastic waste handicraft; (s) fish chips home-industry; (t) conversion of
generator fuel from benzene to gas; (u) garbage Bank. In SE Sulawesi, we established
31 demo-plots in Buton District, 17 in Muna and 19 in Kolaka Districts. In S Sulawesi,
we established 7 demo-plots in Maros, 36 in Wajo and 7 in Tana Toraja Districts.
1.4. The main target groups of awareness rising activities were community at (sub)
village level. It was mainly conducted through: (a) FGD involving 10 15 KVC; (b)
Installed posters at strategic sites; (c) distributed leaflet; (d) cross-visits to demo-plots
and GLH; (e) film screening and interactive dialogs at sub-village level during the night
using My Darling (environmental awareness) car. During the course of the program in
SE Sulawesi Province (60 months), there were 16.409 male, 10.160 female and 5.851
youth have become direct beneficiaries of our environmental awareness program at
village and sub-district level. The level of women participation is 38 %. While during 6
months facilitation in S Sulawesi Province, there were 7.522 male and 5.395 female and
1.432 youth have become direct beneficiaries of our environmental awareness. The level
of women participation is 42 %.
1.5. There were 397 green sub-projects disbursed in SE Sulawesi Province during 5 years
(2008-2012). 158 or 40 % of them were the replication of our demo-plots/GLH. Among
8 sub-districts facilitation areas in SE Sulawesi Province, numbers of OWT demo-pilots
replication into Green Block-grant sub-projects have been mostly occurred in Ladongi
and Pasarwajo Sub-districts; where OWT operated field office in those sub-districts. The
establishment of field office at sub-district level enabled us to provide intensive technical
assistances and facilitations. We equipped our office with various demonstration pilots,
such as tree nursery, mushroom cultivation and display of many awareness products. We
also used the office as a Green-shop or Warung Lingkungan, which sell green products
produced by farmers and also become show-windows for other farmers. The field office
had become a rural community training centre, people gathering site, to discuss various
environmental and livelihoods issues.
1.6. The green sub-projects in SE Sulawesi were dominated by tree planting. The most
preference tree species for Buton and Muna Districts is Jati or teak (Tectona grandis).The
areas which are dominated by limestone and marl substrates are highly suitable for the
growth of teak forest plantation. Teak is known in Munanese as Kuli Dava, meaning as
timbers from Java Island. During 19th century, Dutch Government brought teak seeds and
Javanese labours to cultivate teak in Muna and Buton Islands. Unfortunately, the wellknown Muna teak, having similar quality with Java teak, in which the forest plantation
areas covers about 50% of the Island, has been logged during the last decade. Realizing
the high price of teak timbers, now Muna and Buton people are keen to plant teak. Many
rich people have invested the money by planting teak. The most preference tree species
in Kolaka District is Jati Putih (white teak) or Gmelina arborea. Agro-climatologically
xvi
Dr. Edi Purwanto
speaking, Kolaka is more suitable for intensive agriculture compared to Buton and Muna.
Kolaka has deep and fertile soil. The indigenous tribe in Kolaka (Tolaki) relies on their
livelihoods on agroforestry development. In 1970s, many migrants from Bali and Java
come to develop irrigated rice field on gentle and flat areas, after 1990s, many migrants
from Bugis come to develop cacao plantation.Traditionally, people develop pepper based
agroforestry, they plant Gamal (Gliricidae) intercropped with pepper. We introduced Jati
Putih to replace Gamal; compared with Gamal Jati Putih has better benefits: (a) Jati
Putih grows up faster than Gamal; (b) limited pruning required for Jati Putih compared
to Gamal. Since 2009, Gmelina has become the new preference tree crops in PNPMGreen facilitation sub-districts in Kolaka.
1/7. The critical issues for tree planting is the presence of intensive maintenance, since
2010, we selected 5-6 villages on each sub-districts to receive tree planting maintenance.
The tree planting maintenances were composed of the following: (a) facilitated replanting
about 2 months after planting; (b) facilitated the making of organic fertilizer (Bokashi)
and its application; (c) facilitated regular (every two months) weeding and soil tillage
surrounding the planted trees. Such event is organized in association with regular village
voluntary working day. This facilitation is important, since after hand-over meeting (MDST),
limited PNPM-Green actors and facilitators who care the fate of Green investment.
2. Strategy, outputs, impacts and outcomes against performance indicators
Our efforts and strategies to achieve each performance indicators to nurture and
mainstream green development mindset to key development agents at village and (sub)
district level within and beyond the pilot areas is summarized below.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
xvii
Summary of Strategy, Activities, Outputs, Impacts,

Outcomes and Success Stories
Performance
Indicator
1. Well-trained
PNPM-Green
facilitators and
other local
PNPM
stakeholder
Strategy
Activities
Capacity building of GF
was not only conducted
through pre-service
and refresher courses,
but more importantly
through day-to-day
facilitation and technical
assistances at field level.
Provided technical
assistances, support social
and political problem
solving approaches through
day-to-day facilitation at
field level.
Outputs, Impacts, Outcomes

and Success Stories
Outputs: FKL had proper
technical capacity and aware
on site specific environmental
issues and potential livelihoods
development.
Performance
Indicator
Strategy
Activities
2. Local community
members
(including women)
who are aware of
environmental
issues and
sustainable
natural resource
decisions
Facilitated community
to map natural
resources problems and
potentials; serial NRM
focus group discussion;
facilitated learning by
doing capacity building;
intensive facilitation and
technical assistances
Facilitated the making of

NRM maps: problems and
potentials;
Organized FGD involving
all community groups
(including women)
Conducted learning
by doing training
and established
demonstration pilots and
Green Learning House/
GLHs
Enhanced environmental
education for secondary
schools
Conducted environmental
awareness rising through
various media (manuals,
films etc.) and deliver
through My Darling Cars.
Impacts: Establishment of
sub-projects which were highly
relevant with NR problems and
potential of the village.
Outcomes: Sustainability of
Green funded sub-projects and
level of self-funded adoption
(replication) by rural community
within and surrounding villages.
Mangrove rehabilitation subproject in Buton and Wajo

Districts
Planting Tectona grandis
(Teak) sub-projects in Muna
and Buton Districts (see
Figure 3.1).
Planting Gmelina arborea
(white teak) sub-projects in
Kolaka (see Figure 3.1).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Outputs: community had better

visions on natural resources
problems and potential; many
local specific environmental
management smart practices are
available at village level (demoplots and GLH).
Impacts: The established
demo-plots and GLH have been
replicated by villagers using
Green block-grants. There are 158
green sub-projects which have
replicated our demo-plots.
Outcomes: Several key village
champions (KVC) become trainers
of their fellow villagers and enable
to mainstream environmental
management smart practices
beyond original project sites.
Success stories:
Biogas sub-projects in Tana
Toraja District (Box 3.4)
CCB sub-projects in Buton,
Muna and Kolaka Districts
(Box 3.9).
Organic fertilizer sub-projects
in all facilitation districts
(2.d.11).
Women groups activities:
Making garbage plastic
handicraft (2d.18) and
making fish chips cracker
(2d.19)
Success stories:
xviii

and Success Stories
Dr. Edi Purwanto
xix
Performance
Indicator
3. Adoption
by regional
governments of
natural resources
governance issues
as an integral
part of the policy
development and
decision making
process
Strategy
Activities
Inclusion of relevant
stakeholders and
relevant community
development agents
at village and (sub)district level on
PNPM-Green planning,
implementation and
maintenances.
Conducted socialization
and coordination with
relevant community
development agents at
village and (sub)-district
level.
Facilitated monthly
stakeholders meeting at
district level
Involved all relevant
community development
agents at village and
(sub)-district level to
attend our trainings and
technical assistances
Facilitated training
on village governance
on environmental
management for village
officials and Setrawan
Supported RPJM-Des
training and facilitated
the inclusion of
environmental subprojects in the document.
Facilitated site visits
of key government
officials and parliaments
on PNPM-Green smart
practices.
4. A sustainable
capacity among
both [PNPM]
facilitators
and [PNPM]
stakeholders
of all levels to
continue the
implementation
of locally
driven green
development
investment
and to expand
its geographic
coverage to
new are
xx
Mainstreamed PNPMGreen smart practices

at local, regional and
national level through
various media and fora.
Facilitated Perdes
formulation to sustain
PNPM-Green subprojects maintenance
and benefit sharing
mechanism
Facilitated maintenance
of post sub-project
completion (tree planting,
solar photovoltaic etc.)
Promoted successful subprojects to be funded by
other relevant projects
(PNPM-Exit Strategy).
Facilitated the
formulation of District
Regulation (Perda) on NR
protection (Muna and
Wajo Districts).

and Success Stories
Outputs: Relevant stakeholders
aware on PNPM-Green program
and its benefits for regional
development.
Impacts: Established sense of
ownership to the PNPM-Green
sub-projects
Outcomes: Local government
replicated PNPM-Green smart
practices with their own (APBD)
funds.
Success stories:
Ecotourism sub-project in
Latugho Village, Lawa, Muna
(Box 3.7)
CCB sub-projects in Balabone,
Mawasangka, Buton (Box 3.8)
Organic fertilizer sub-projects
in Dangia Village, Ladongi,
Kolaka.
3. Lessons Learned
During project implementation, we faced many challenges and the associated responses
in the form of remedial actions. The challenges and Lessons Learned have been well
documented on the OWT Quarterly Reports. In this report, we highlighted 18 out of 40
documented challenges and remedial actions. To have a detailed discussion on challenges
and remedial actions the reader can read serial OWT Quarterly Reports which can be
visited on www.owt.or.id.
3.1.

Environmental awareness should not only be targeted to grass-root but also the elites
at village and (sub) districts level
3.2. Viability of green sub-projects are highly determined by the availability of local
resources
3.3.
The success of tree planting sub-projects are sensitive to season
3.4.
The need to consider number of sub-project beneficiaries
3.5.
Democratic ranking of sub-projects proposals are not suitable for green program
3.6.
Avoid bidding for material procurement
3.7.
Optimize the use of green block-grant for action oriented activities
3.8.
Green block grant should not be perceived as ordinary village funding sources
3.9.
The need to empower community roles on budget plans
3.10. The need to improve tree planting sub-projects implementation

Outputs: Some selected subprojects well-maintained
Impacts: Well-maintained subprojects have started to deliver
environmental services, such as:
mangrove planting, solar photovoltaic, ecotourism, tree planting
for catchment area rehabilitation
etc.
Outcomes: Local government
adopted PNPM-Green approaches
and smart practices to enrich their
regional development strategy.
Success stories:
Biogas sub-projects in Muna
and Buton Districts (Box 3.4).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
3.11. The need to allocate considerable fund for tree planting sub-project maintenances
3.12. The need to define the tasks of PNPM-Green Management Team
3.13. The need to strengthen verification process of Green Sub-projects proposals
3.14. The need to link PNPM actors with the existing village institutions.
3.15. Enhancement of tree planting sub-project facilitation during integration with regular

development planning
3.16. The need to strengthen solar photovoltaic sub-projects facilitations
3.17. The need to clarify benefit sharing mechanism of tree planting sub-projects
3.18. Efforts to avoid hard facilitation exit in South Sulawesi
Dr. Edi Purwanto
xxi
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1. Background
1.1.1. PNPM-Green: It is a pilot-project which is designed in part to mainstream natural
resource management and renewable energy issues within the core operations of
the national PNPM-Rural program. On Sulawesi (North Sulawesi, South Sulawesi,
West Sulawesi, and Southeast Sulawesi), PNPM-Green has been active since 2008,
and in 2010, the pilot program expanded into four provinces on Sumatra (Aceh,
North Sumatra, West Sumatra and Bengkulu). A key component of PNPM-Green
to which approximately USD 5.3 million has been allocated is the technical
assistance provided by Indonesian and international civil society organizations
(CSO). The CSO partners are responsible for delivering environmental awareness
raising and training activities to the pilots community beneficiaries and local
government officials to assist in the design and implementation of viable green
sub-projects. These sub-projects are financed through the PNPM-Green block
grants and are focused in improved natural resource management (NRM) practices,
environmentally-sound income generating activities (IGA), and renewable energy
(RE).
1.1.2. Development Objective: It is that rural communities in target locations benefit from
improved NRM practices and the use of RE technology. This objective is achieved
through (i) mainstreaming NRM issues in the community-driven development
planning process; (ii) increasing environmental awareness and related management
capacity of communities and government stakeholders, and (iii) disbursing block
grants to fund environmentally supportive green projects at the kecamatan and
kabupaten level.
1.1.3. Approach: Operationally, PNPM-Green followed the same mechanism as the national
PNPM-Rural program, except the funding was dedicated for green projects, and block
grants were disbursed at sub-district (kecamatan) - as well as district (kabupaten)level1. These types of green projects include, NRM such as mangrove rehabilitation,
catchment area rehabilitation, RE schemes i.e. hydro power, solar panel and biomass power and service-based IGA such as developing small-scale enterprises.
GOI-contracted facilitators/Green Facilitator/GF and World-Bank contracted CSOs
worked together to build informed decisions community on how to best invest
block grant funding. The socialization, environmental awareness rising, training,
technical assistances provide by CSO and facilitation through PNPM-Green cycle
conducted by GF and CSO were made to encourage participating communities to
identify green, environmentally-sound solutions for enhancing their livelihoods.
1
PNPM-Rurals core operational mechanism only disburses block grants at the sub-district level. PNPM-Green
was also disbursed block grants at the district level in recognition that many NRM and RE projects extend beyond
the borders of a single sub-district.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
1.1.4. Operation Wallacea Trust (OWT): It is a CSO has a Grant Agreement (GA) with
the PNPM Support Facility (PSF) to conduct environmental awareness and training
to local community and PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders at village and subdistrict level and mainstreaming sustainable development at district and province
level in the Pilot PNPM-Green in South East (SE) Sulawesi Province (November 7,
2007 October 31, 2012) and South (S) Sulawesi Province (March, 14 October
31, 2012). Total grant agreed for this contract agreement was USD 1,446, 600.
outlines the achievements against given result indicators. The fourth part of the
report discusses selected cases and lessons learned, while the fifth part provides
general conclusions and recomendations. A set of appendices are attached.
1.1.5. OWT facilitation supports on PNPM-Green pilots in Sulawesi: Under TF-090977

provided full supports in two provinces in Sulawesi, i.e. SE Sulawesi (since November
2007 October 2012) and S Sulawesi (since April October 2012). Based on the
fifth amendment of GA (14 March 2012), we received Additional Grant of USD
296,950 until 31 October 2012. Considering that the effective start of S Sulawesi
activities was two months delay, while we need to strengthen exit strategy in
both provinces, in mid June 2012, we submitted revised work plan in Sulawesi
along with revised budget and procurement plan to support our proposed no-cost
extension until 31 December 2012. After passing several uncertainties, the no-cost
extension was not able to be conducted. The main reason was that the planned
closing date of the project (October 31, 2010) had already been extended for two
years (October 31, 2012).
1.1.6. PNPM-Green facilitation sites in Sulawesi under TF-090977: SE Sulawesi: Muna,
Buton and Kolaka Districts, which are composed of 9 sub-districts. Buton District:
Pasarwajo, Sampolawa, and Mawasangka; Muna District: Tongkuno, Lawa, and
Napabalano; Kolaka District: Ladongi, Lambandia2 and Watubangga. S Sulawesi:
Maros, Wajo and Tana Toraja Districts, which are composed of 9 sub-districts.
Maros District: Marusu, Tompobulu and Bontoa; Wajo District: Bola, Takkalalla
and Tanasitolo; Tana Toraja District: Gandang Batu Sillanan (Gandasil); Sangala
Selatan and Bonggakaradeng (Bongkar).
1.2.
Objective of the Report

The report provides summary of OWT activities, strategies, achievements to support
PNPM-Green in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces. The report documents approaches,
strategies and lessons learned to empower community for NRM, IGA and RE subprojects at village level and the ways to mainstream the smart-practices at (sub)
district and (sub)-national level.
1.3
Organization of the Report

The completion report is composed of two parts: first is activity report; second
is financial report. The Summary of Financial Report is presented on Appendix 6.
The activity report (this report) composed of four parts. The first part discusses
the changes of facilitation approaches and strategies during the implementation
of the project and the underlined reasons behind the changes. The second part
2
In 2010, Kolaka district had changed one of PNPM-Green pilot sub-district from Baula Sub-District (2008-2010)
to Lambandia sub-district (2011-2012).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Figure 1.2. Maps of Sub-districts facilitation in S Sulawesi Provinces

Figure 1.1. Maps of Sub-districts facilitation in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces
5
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Chapter 2:
Dynamic Changes of OWT Facilitation Approaches:
Searching the best fit of community empowerment for
natural resource management
2.1. Introduction
The Development Objective of PNPM-Green was to make utilization of natural resources
by rural communities sustainable. To achieve the objectives, the program was facilitated by
three actors, i.e. (a) Directorate General for Community and Village Empowerment (PMD)
as implementing agency. To implement their duties, PMD was supported by National
Management Consultants (NMC) and GF at province level (SPL/Environmental Specialist),
district level (Astal/Assistant of Environmental Specialist) and sub-district level (FKL/Green
Facilitator at sub-district level); they facilitated PNPM-Green cycle and disbursement of
the Block-Grant (BLM); (b) PSF (Green Task Team); which administered donor funding,
provided supports to overall project implementation and management, monitoring and
evaluation; (c)CSOs which were originally designed as service provider for environmental
awareness and training of PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders.
The CSOs role as mentioned above had been interpreted in difference ways among CSOs
supporting the program on three provinces in Sulawesi: i.e. WCS in North Sulawesi, CARE
International in South Sulawesi and OWT in SE Sulawesi. Each CSO had specific approach
to interpret their duties and originally (as it is a pilot program) PSF provided a free room
for each CSO to define their own strategy. Our interpretation on the tasks apart from
difference with others, were continuously adjusted along the course of the program to
search the best fit of community empowerment for environmental management. This
chapter summarizes the shifting facilitation strategies on each step of the pilot program
implementation.
2.2. Phase 1: Period 2008

2.2.1. Condition: PNPM-Green (during 2008 known as Green-Kecamatan Development
Program/G-KDP) was expected to run effectively on January 2008. The 2008 DIPA
(Daftar Isian Pelaksanaan Anggaran/List of funded government program) had been
ready, while CSO recruitment was completed in November 2007. The main problem
was the delayed recruitment of consultant firm. The consultant was not recruited until
November 2008 and only effectively worked early 2009. The absence of consultants
(NMCand GF) led to uncertainties of the project implementation. The main guidance
Dr. Edi Purwanto
of the program implementation (PTO) was not ready during 2008, while the absence
of GF had bottlenecked G-KDP cycle facilitation. Given the situation, all the jobs at
grass-root level, training and awareness rising and G-KDP cycle facilitation, were handled
by CSOs.
2.2.2. Facilitation Strategies: Our intervention strategy during the first year of the
program is presented in Figure 2.1. This was composed of the following activities:
(a) Organized inception workshop at province and district level; (b) Collected baseline data, i.e. field environmental observation, followed by a knowledge; attitude
and practices (KAP) survey to understand the level of environmental awareness
as a basis to design environmental awareness rising and training materials; (c)
Facilitated participatory mapping of natural resource potential and environmental
problems to identify list of possible environmental project development at village
level (Penggalian gagasan/Pegas); (d) Delivered awareness rising during intervillage meetings (Musyawarah Antar Desa/MAD) and village meeting (Musyawarah
Desa/MD), and facilitated Green sub-projects planning (MD Perencanaan). Due to
uncertainty of the Green block-grant disbursement, our facilitation on G-KDP cycle
during 2008 ended until MD-Perencanaan.
Figure 2.1. Strategy to initiate G-KDP until MD Perencanaan (2008)
Box 2.1. Main activities from (November 2007-December 2008)

NovemberDecember 2007: (a) Conduct reconnaissance environmental survey on the pilot (sub) districts; (b) Design
Criteria for Green Sub-Project; (c) Designed KAP Survey Questioners and methodology
JanuaryDecember 2008: (a) Conducted Inception Workshop for PNPM-Green at province level; (b) Conducted
Socialization workshop for PNPM-Green at district level; (c) Conducted Knowledge Attitude and Practice (KAP) survey;
(c) Conducted participatory survey to develop sub-district environmental profile; (d) Socialization of PNPM-Green at
sub-district and village level; (e) Selected key village champions (KVC); (f) Developed environmental campaign films;
(g) Conducted environmental awareness and training through PNPM-Green cycle; (h) Facilitated the whole process
of PNPM cycle related to the PNPM-Green sub-project proposal development during the absence of GF; (i) Conducted
Environmental Workshop at Sub-District level; (j) Participated the recruitment process of FKL; (k) Participated on the
pre-service training for FKL; (l) Provided intensive technical assistances on the newly recruited FKL.
2.2.3. Staffing: During 2008, OWT did not work alone, but shared the facilitation activities
together with two Kendari based NGOs. OWT was responsible on awareness and
training activities at Buton District, while facilitation activities in Muna and Kolaka
were delivered by local CSOs partner. Each participating CSO assigned five staff
on each pilot district. One as district coordinator; one as admin at district level;
each pilot sub-district was facilitated by one CSO facilitator.
2.2.4. Problem-1: It was hard to promote G-KDP during 2008, as the program was not
officially launched until November 6, 2008; PTO was not available, while BLM and
DOK disbursement were uncertain; the progress of environmental awareness and
training as well as G-KDP facilitation cycle varied among three pilot districts. The
degree of green activities facilitation was heavily dependence on Rural District
KDP facilitators (Faskab). Some Faskab considered our facilitation illegal and they
banned us to conduct awareness program, they were worried that the inclusion
of G-KDP would impose their extra (uncompensated) workload or bother the KDP
process.
2.2.5. Lessons-learned: All project components should be ready on the effective start
of project implementation; the absence of particular component will affect to the
overall program performances; The situation has been widely realized but often
unavoidable on multi-stakeholders program, as the administration system and
bureaucratic arrangement are often varied among components
2.2.6. Problem-2: Working with multi CSOs were uncomfortable, the underlined reasons
were: (a) Each CSO has their own facilitation style and approaches which difficult
to be synchronized as each CSO has their own house and freedom; (b) Each CSO
has different capacity, experience and concerns which make difficult to synchronize
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
efforts. Considering the problems, we did not extent the sub-contract with local
CSOs partners and since 2009 onwards, we handled the authority of facilitation
in three pilot districts.
2.2.7. Lessons-learned: The ideas to work with local CSOs were aimed to sustain the
initiatives and a way to smooth-out exit strategy. This is not the case, as local
CSOs are not always intensively active at grass-root level. They often domicile
in towns rather than live in on the facilitation sites. Considering the problem,
during 2009 and 2010, we do not work with local CSOs but with community
based organization/CBO (especially farmer groups) and Key Village Champions
(KVCs) networks.

2.3.1. Condition: The workload during fiscal year 2009 is doubled than the normal year.
There were two years block-grants which have to be implemented during 2009.
The first is 2008s block-grant, where 40% of the fund should be disbursed before
the end of April 2009, while the remaining fund (60%) in July 2009. This had to
be added with the full implementation of 2009s block-grant plus inter sub-districts
(Lintas Kecamatan) block-grants for 2008 and 2009.
2.3.2. Facilitation Strategies: After FKL recruited and started working at grass-root level,
we were back to basics, return to the core business as environmental awareness
and training providers, while the whole facilitation activities were resorted to
FKL. We focused to inspire local community on the potential green sub-projects
through: (a) Intensive socialization on site specific green-menu suitable on each
village; (b) established demonstration trials; (c) facilitated inter-villages collaborative
commitment to protect and or rehabilitate natural resources/ecosystem; (d) provided
technical assistances to FKL and local communities.
2.3.3. Staffing: We reformed staffing format in response to the presence of FKL at subdistrict level; we did not place staff at sub-district level, but established a NRM
Specialist Flying Team who delivered awareness, training, technical assistances
and facilitation of villagers at village and sub-district level.
2.3.4. Formulation of NRM specialist team: Considering the strong local community need
on technical aspect in mid 2009; we started to establish NRM technical specialist
team. The underlined reasons of NRM technical specialist team were: (a) FKL had
a diverse technical background and normally lack of NRM technical skills; (b) NRM
is a wide range and multi-disciplinary specialist; (c) The project need experienced
NRM specialist to convince villagers on the importance of NRM sub-projects. Since
May 2009, we recruited 4 NRM specialists: (a) Tree improvement (2 persons);
(b) soil and water conservation (two persons); (c) Agroforestry (one person); (d)
Mangrove and fishery (two persons). The main tasks of specialist teams were: (a)
developed awareness and training materials; (b) established demonstration trials; (c)
10
Dr. Edi Purwanto
delivered training, awareness, technical assistances and facilitation. Four specialists

acted as flying team in nine sub-districts. The first product of the OWTs NRM
team was a green-menu book, with contribution of others; the document was
finally published by NMC (2010).
2.3.5. Problem-3: The effects of two years block grant disbursement in one fiscal year
had been substantial on the performance of project implementation. To meet the
disbursement dead-line, FKL had tospeed up the PNPM-Green process, while
ignoring the community driven development principles. This led FKL positions on
project design were central and handled all the jobs which should be conducted
by local communities (including budget planning/RAB). With the absence ofprice
standard of goods and services, this may lead to moral hazard and in many
cases waste precious resources. In many cases, RAB and the associated financial
administration document (RPD/LPD1) were treated as secret documents to project
beneficiaries. The lack of transparency and participation in defining RAB has
driven to conflict among beneficiaries which deteriorate the spirit of sub-project
ownership and the spirit of community empowerment.
2.3.6. Remedial actions: The above case dictated to the readjustment of our facilitation
strategies at sub-district level. We reassigned staff at sub-district level as FKL
counterpart. We called them as Korcam (OWT facilitator). The main tasks of
Korcam were to: (a) support FKL to facilitate PNPM-Green cycle; (b) provide technical
assistances to villagers on the overall project implementation, from developing
green sub-project proposals until project implementation and maintenance;
(c) establish and promote demonstration trials at village level. Korcams were
selected and recruited from our key village champions (KVC) networks. Given
that most FKL were outsiders, this approach can be considered as human capital
investment at sub-district level. Local champions are made available to sustain
and replicate PNPM-smart practices after the end of the program. We appointed
1 to 2 Korcams on each sub-district. One Korcam worked for 10 villages, if one
sub-district is composed of more than 10 villages, then we assigned 2 Korcams
in one sub-district.
1.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
11
Table 2.1. Changes facilitation approaches for local community

Box 2.2. Main activities from (January-December 2009)
Interventions
(a) Building capacity of GF at the ground level; (b) provided intensive technical assistances to GF, especially to
accelerate the implementation of Green sub-project (GS) 2008 and the facilitation process of GS 2009; (c) Developed
awareness materials (documentary films, posters, brochures, green-menu); (d) Installed the wooden frame posters
at strategic (public) areas; (e) Developed four training modules; (f) Conducted environmental awareness and training
throughout PNPM-Green cycle at village and sub-district level to accelerate the implementation of GS 2008 and
2009; (g) Facilitated the establishment of potential GS demonstration pilots/demo-plots; (i) Inter-villages partnership
on mangrove restoration; (ii) Inter-villages partnership on riparian restoration; (iii) Biogas; (iv) energy saving stove;
(v) honey-bee culture; (vi) Coconut shell charcoal briquette/CCB; (vii) Bio-pores; (viii) recharge wells; (ix) waste
separation; (x) Green manure; (h) Facilitated the development of community radio in Watubangga (Gunung Sari
Radio) and Ladongi (Green Trust Radio); (i) Conducted Environmental Workshop at Sub-District level; (j) Campaign on
village protection areas (Kawasan Perlindungan Desa).
1. Training
2. Awareness
Facilitation approaches during

2010
2007-
Facilitation approaches beyond 2010
Extensive, involving lot of Key Village

Governent (KVG) and KVC (30 - 50
persons), no participants selection
and not always followed by intensive
facilitation and technical assistance.
Intensive, selected KVG and KVC (10-15 persons)

and directly followed by intensive facilitation and
technical assistance.
Only KVG and KVC of the pilot

village and sub-district
Involved KVG and KVC of neighbouring pilot

villages and sub-districts.
Not always involved local NGOs
Local NGOs were involved
Most awareness were delivered

through PNPM cycle (MAD I, MAD
II etc.)
Enrich with Focus Group Discussions (FGD)

involved small numbers of relevant KVG and
KVC.
Special emphasis was given to women, children,
youth and disadvantaged people.

2.4.1. Condition: Year 2010 is the first normal condition out of three years project
implementation. It was also the first year where the structural positions of
PNPM-Green was completely fulfilled, i.e. SPL which was equal to Korprov on
Rural PNPM, Astal which was equal to Faskab. PNPM-Green also supported
with Management Information System (MIS) Specialist and Financial Specialist at
province level. In terms of personnel PNPM-Green had been similar with PNPMRural. This might be good for internal program management, but created sharp
distinction between Green and Rural PNPM.
2.4.2. Main facilitation strategies: In this year, we focused our efforts to support
FKL to intensify PNPM-Green cycle, improved communication at district and
mainstreamed PNPM-Green at district and province level. To do so, we facilitated
monthly coordination meeting among PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders at
district level as a way to synergized efforts, we also facilitated relevant district
agencies (SKPD) and parliament (DPRD) visit on PNPM-Green sub-projects. We
also facilitated villagers on Village Mid-term Planning (RPJM Desa) formulation,
provided environmental awareness rising to the formulation Team (Eleven Team),
supported NRM data collection and ensure the inclusion of green sub-projects on
this document.
Only KVG and KVC of the village

and sub-district pilot
Involving KVG and KVC of villages from subdistricts of the neighbouring pilot areas.
Only conducted by OWT staff

(especially during 2009 and 2010)
Delivered in collaboration with other local

development agents (extension workers, NGO,
CBO) at sub-district level
Focus on demonstration pilot areas
Replication of demonstration pilot areas
3. Facilitation
and technical
assistances
on NRM and
RE technology
application
Introduction NRM and RE application
NRM and RE as alternative sources for income

generating activities (IGA).
No small grant
Provided small grant on selected NRM Groups
Much efforts on the establishment

of production unit but little market
access facilitation
Emphasis on market access facilitation
4. Facilitation
of village
government and
social institution
on NRM plannin
g,implementation
and maintenance.
The target groups were PNPM-Green

actors at village level such as TPU,
TPK, KPMD, TP etc.
Special emphasis was given to village

government (Village Head and BPD) and village
social institution (LPM, women group, Karang
Taruna).
Only KVG and KVC of the village

pilot areas.
Involved KVG and KVC of villages from subdistricts of the neighbouring pilot areas.
Not always attended by local NGOs
Involved local NGOs
2.4.3. Problems and implication to the changing approaches: Based on internal (OWT)
monitoring and evaluation conducted in March, 2010 and after having in-depth
discussion on the project performance indicators with Mr. Jeremia (PSF) during July
2010, we found that we needed to change (enhance) our facilitation approaches
to prepare exit-strategy and mainstream PNPM-Green smart practices beyond the
original pilot sites. The paradigm changes of our facilitation are presented on the
following tables.
12
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13
Table 2.2. Changes facilitation approaches for PNPM-Green Facilitators

Intervention
Facilitation approaches during 2007-2010
1. Training
Support regular refresher training

organized by PMD
Enriched PMDs regular refresher training

with formal practical trainings and field
technical assistances on NRM and RE
technology application.
Provided technical assistances, support social
and political problem solving approaches
through day-to-day facilitation at field level
2. Facilitate PNPMGreen cycle
3. Facilitate
communication
with
district stakeholders
Only PNPM-Green facilitators
Involved all PNPM Rural facilitators
Supported Verification Process
Leading the Verification Process
Supported MAD II
Facilitated MAD II and III
Little involvement on the maintenance/

management Team (MT) formulation
and technical assistance
Facilitated the formulation of MT, provided

intensive technical assistance, facilitation,
monitoring and evaluation
Facilitated regular monthly

coordination meeting with district
stakeholders
Intensified regular meeting (every three

months) by involving district parliaments.
Table 2.3. Changes facilitation approaches to PNPM-Green Stakeholders

Intervention
Facilitation approaches during 2007-2010
1. Training and workshop
Training and workshop were inserted

in the coordination meetings and
workshops organized by government
Several trainings and workshops were initiated

by OWT in collaboration with relevant
stakeholders.
Only attended by government officials

from pilot areas
Also involved parliaments and key government

officials from outside pilot areas.
Most of training and workshop were

conducted at district level.
Also conducted at province level.
2. Facilitate PNPM-Green
monthly coordination
meeting at pilot
district
Only involved government officials from

the pilot areas.
Also involved parliaments, head of sub-districts

of the neighbouring pilot areas, NGOs and
journalists.
3. Facilitate field visits

to PNPM-Green smart
practices sites.
Only involved government officials from

the pilot areas.
Also involved parliaments, head of sub-districts

(Camat) of the neighbouring pilot areas, NGO
and journalists.
4. Facilitate adoption of
PNPM-Green on the
policy development
and decision making
process
Facilitations were only conducted at

district pilots.
Also conducted outside district pilots.
14
Box 2.3. Main activities from (January-December 2010)
2.5.1. Condition: OWT contract with

the Bank was ended on October
31, 2010. Before the end of the
first GA, on April 5, 2010 we
requested for no-cost extension
until October 31, 2011; however
the Bank only agreed until April
30, 2011. From November 2010 April 2011, we implemented the
no-cost extension facilitation
activities. Using the changing
paradigms of facilitation
approaches as outlined above
(Table 2.1-2.3), on March 14, 2011,
we submitted Technical Proposal
for Additional financing for 18
months extension for the period
of May 1, 2011- October 31, 2012.
The proposal was agreed by the
Bank and used as a basis for the
third amendment of the GA which
was signed on April 28, 2011.
(a) Mainstreamed NRM issues at sub-district and

district level; (b) Mainstreamed NRM issues to nonPNPM-Green facilitators/actors at province level; (c)
Facilitated training and intensive facilitation on the
development of RPJM-Desa; (d) Developed and installed
18 metal campaign boards on 9 sub-districts; (e) Installed
environmental awareness materials at UPK Offices; (f)
Facilitated the establishment of Smart Practices House
(SPH) at Oengkolaki Village, Mawasangka (Buton),
Kahulungaya Village, Pasarwajo (Buton), Gunung Sari
Village, Watubangga (Kolaka); (g) Developed ten PNPMGreen films; (h) Facilitated fund raising on the GreenTrust Radio; (i) Facilitated the establishment of NRM
smart-practices interest groups (CCB, honey bee culture,
nursery, mangrove crab fattening etc.); (j) Facilitated
inter-villages partnership for Village Protection Areas
Mapping: (k) Improved coordination among PNPM-Green
actors at district and sub-district level: (l) Improved Biogas
Technology application; (m) Facilitated the adoption
of PNPM-Green smart practices by Districts, Province
government and business company (CSR): (n) Delivered
vegetative and generative tree seedling propagation for
PNPM-Green Facilitators, Camats and UPKs; (o) Organized
PNPM-Green smart practices workshop for local NGOs in
SE Sulawesi; (p) Improved the planning, implementation
and maintenances of GS.
2.5.2. Main facilitation: We focused our facilitation to boost innovative environmentally

sound appropriate technology (Teknologi Tepat Guna/TTG) suitable for PNPM-Green
related to NRM and renewable energy (RE) as way to generate income activities.
We also facilitated MAD III together with FKL.
2.5.3. Facilitated budget design during MAD III: The critical step between MAD-II and
MAD-III was budget (RAB) design. As realized that the output of MAD-II is the
rank of village proposal and target number of sub-project (e.g. land rehabilitation
area in ha), while the detailed budget has not yet defined during that stage. As
such, after MAD-II, PNPM-Green actors have to conduct price survey (e.g. the
unit price of tree seedling2 etc.), as reference to count the exact amount of fund
required of each sub-project. The budget making was used to be made by FKL
with limited involvement of key PNPM actors. Such process was not only lack of
transparency and participation, but also negated the need of PNPM actor capacity
building on budget development. The poor participation of local development
actors (such as KVG) leading to poor ownership of the project. We made use the
integration process to stimulate PNPM actors and stakeholders at village level
on budget (RAB) making. This included the following process: (a) Together with
Astal, FKL, KPMD and TPK to conduct price survey of raw materials; (b) Village
2
It was not limited to tree planting sub-project, but all sub-projects, either related with tree planting or non tree
planting sub-projects
Dr. Edi Purwanto
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15
to village facilitation on sub-project budget making process together with FKL,

TPK, KPMD, KVG and involved sub-project beneficiarys candidates. The budget
meetings held on Village Office whom KVG were involved. The latter involvement
may be considered as positive improvement of community driven development
approach.
2.5.4. Remedial actions (2012): Apart from the good progress, we also realized the
weakness of PNPM-Green. In 2011 we found that most of investment (about
70%) of PNPM-Green was dominated by tree plantings, but the implementation
of tree planting and spirit of maintenance were still poor. The issues were also
found during World Bank Implementation Support Mission in November 2011. In
response to the problem, we selected 5-6 villages receiving block-grant on tree
planting for each sub-district to have intensive technical assistance and facilitation
from us. This facilitation included: (a) Verification on the quality of tree seedlings;
(b) Verification the number of planted tree seedlings to compare with Budget
planning (RAB); (c) Facilitation of planting activities to ensure that every single
tree seedling was planted properly according to its light demand, cropping pattern
(open area or enrichment planting), physiographic of the planting sites (gentle or
steep slope) etc.
Box 2.4. Main activities from January-December 2011
(a) Organized PNPM-Green smart practices training for Setrawan; (b) Facilitated PNPM-Green Workshop for SKPD
and district parliament; (c) Institutional capacity building of the established NRM smart practices interest groups;
(d) Established permanent biogas demo-plots in Buton, Muna and Kolaka; (e) Delivered ToT on CCB and Nata de
Coco for women groups in Kolaka and Muna District; (f) Organized PNPM-Green reflection workshop in Muna
and Kolaka Districts; (g) Facilitated the establishment of Environmental Shop (Warung Lingkungan); (i) Facilitated
the development of village and women group enterprise on VCO, CCB and the making plastic waste handicraft; (j)
Facilitated maintenance of 2010 tree planting sub-projects; (k) Maintained the productivity of Field Learning Houses
and Smart Practices Demonstration Pilots; (l) Installed ballyhoo and banner to promote PNPM-Green during fasting
time and celebration of independence day; (m) Provided training and technical assistance to Gaharu (Muna) and
Alas (Kolaka) local NGO sub-contracted by OWT to support PNPM-Green awareness program: (n) Conducted price
survey of planting material for 2011 planting sub-project; (o) Conducted survey on 25 biogas installation sites on 8
sub-districts to replicate biogas funded by Muna District Government; (p) Facilitated the development and promotion
of liquid fertilizer out of biogas demonstration pilots (q) Conducted environmental awareness during fasting time;
(r) Training to develop poultry feed using organic waste in Mawasangka, Sampolawa and Ladongi Sub-Districts; (l)
Training to develop handicraft making (from banana stem and plastic waste) for women group in Napabalano.
held around fourth week of January 2012; (b) In response to the Bank request, we
submitted technical proposal entitled: Proposed Additional Financing to the Trust
Fund for Kecamatan Development Program (KDP) in Sulawesi to support PNPMGreen in Maros, Wajo and Tana Toraja Districts. After having some revisions, the
proposal was finally accepted and used as a basis of the Fifth Amendment. Since
15 March 2012, we have started working in South Sulawesi Province.
2.6.2. Main facilitation in South Sulawesi Province: We replicated our interventions in
SE Sulawesi Province within 6 months period. (a) Training and Awareness Needs
Assessment: We started with rapid environmental assessment to understand
specific natural resource and environmental condition of each kecamatan pilot;
then followed with Kecamatan (sub-district) workshop. The first and the second
steps were become a basis to design training, awareness, facilitation and technical
assistance on each sub-district; (b) Mainstream PNPM-Green at village and (sub)
district level: We supported GF to facilitate 2012 PNPM-Green process, especially
establishment of demonstration trials, selection and training of verification team
members, verification process, MAD (inter-village meeting) II and III and completed
2011 sub-project implementation; (c) Mainstream PNPM-Green beyond PNPMGreen original target areas: This was conducted by involving rural facilitators on
training activities or district and province workshops.
2.6.3. Conducted film screening through My Darling car: Since March 2012, in
collaboration with local NGOs (Lestari in Buton, Gaharu in Muna and Alas in Kolaka),
we have started to use awareness rising car for disseminating environmental issues
on every village. The awareness rising methods: (a) During the day: coordination with
key village governments and champions and announcement; (b) During the night
(7 - 10 PM): (i) Socialization on PNPM-Green; (ii) Film Screening; (iii) Discussion
by delivering list of questions related with films and PNPM-Green Program. The
topics of film screening are arranged in line with the main potential resource
and environmental problems of the village. To energize participants, we provided
prizes for some actives participants (T-shirts and books, about USD 20 in total).
Each film screening was normally attended by 100 150 people.

2.6.1. Condition: (a) It was the first year where PNPM-Green cycle enabled to follow
regular development planning or usually called integration. Following the process,
the village sub-project was selected from Village Annual Work-plan (RKP-Desa), as an
annual break-down of the RPJM-Desa. Selection of Green sub-project at village level
was conducted during Village Development Planning Meeting (Musrenbang Desa)
16
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17
Box 2.5. Main activities from January-October 2012 in SE Sulawesi Province

(a) Conducted intensive facilitation for planting sub-projects implementation and maintenance of 5 villages per Pilot
Kecamatan; (b) Facilitated socialization of Village Regulations to sustain PNPM-Green-investments; (c) As a followup of car procurement (8 March 2012), since mid March, we had started operating Awareness Car to mainstream
PNPM-Green smart practices at (sub) village level; (d) Facilitated the organization of Workshop Kecamatan to reflect
the implementation of PNPM-Green (2008 2011) and prepared for 2012; (e) Advocated the inclusion of Green
investment on each step of Development Planning Forum (Musrenbang), from Village, Kecamatan until District level;
(f) Facilitated marketing of CCB and VCO in Buton; (g) Prepared, published and distributed Lestari Desaku Magazine;
(h) Assisted Danida to develop Manual and booklets on NRM; (i) Assisted Danida to prepare Tour De Java for NRM
Champions: A Travelling Training Event; (j) inspired and trained local communities with new relevant appropriate
technologies (TTG) to enhance NRM and IGA; (k) prepared and printed final revision of training manual on catchment
area rehabilitation and protection; (l) prepared exit-strategy on the maintenance and development of PNPM-Green
investment; (m) strengthened community institution (Village Regulation; business development and marketing);
(n) Provided technical assistance on the replication of biogas initiated by District Government Fund in Muna and
Buton; (m) prepared exit-strategy on the maintenance and development of PNPM-Green investment in SE Sulawesi;
(i) strengthened community institution (Village Regulation; business development and marketing); (ii) enhanced
sense of ownership of key development agents, i.e. extension workers, key village government/KVG and key village
champions/KVC etc. at village and (sub) district level; (iii) enhanced sense of ownership of politicians (DPRD) and
government on PNPM-Green investment.
such as allocating District budget fund (APBD) to support green initiatives, as the
case for Tana Toraja District; unfortunately our facilitation should be terminated.
Our presence was indeed quite short, but seemed to be precious for them. The
three districts governments had expected us to extent our facilitation, while as a
matter of fact, our facilitations in several areas or target groups had not yet been
completed. To avoid hard exit of our facilitation, we still maintain our presence
in three districts in South Sulawesi Province by maintaining the services of our
key local staff (using our own funding) until 30 June, 2013.
Box 2.6. Main activities from May-October 2012 in S Sulawesi Province

(a) Staff recruitments; (b) Training of District Coordinators and field staff; (c) Surveyed potential resources, problems
and proposed facilitations of every village on the Pilot Kecamatan; (d) Identified natural resource potential and
problem on every sub-district; (e) Organized district and kecamatan workshops and call for collaborative supports and
discussed problems and solutions of PNPM-Green implementation; (f) Installed ballyhoo to promote PNPM-Green at
sub-district level; (g) Mainstreamed PNPM-Green at grass-root level through film screening and interactive dialogs at
sub-village level during the night using My Darling car; (h) Village to village facilitation on sub-project budget making
process involving all key village actors and sub-project beneficiaries; (i) Conducted intensive facilitation for planting
sub-projects implementation and maintenance of 5 villages per Pilot Kecamatan (45 villages); (h) Provided technical
assistances on biogas installation; (i) Facilitated the establishment of income generating activities for women groups;
(i) making fish crackers, Bontoa, Maros; (ii) Mangrove fat fattening, Bontoa, Maros; (iii) mangrove nursery, Bokko
Lestari, Bontoa, Maros; (j) Facilitated tree planting (Sukun/Arthocarpus communis) campaigns in Bontoa, Maros (1000
tree seedling planted); (k) Youth environmental campaigns on secondary schools students in Wajo and Tana Toraja; (l)
Refresher training on the procedure and formulation of Village Regulation; (m) Conducted faith based environmental
awareness during Ramadan (Moslem fasting time); (n) Mainstreamed PNPM-Green at grass-root level through film
screening and interactive dialogs at sub-village level during the night using My Darling car; (o) Distributed framed
posters and Lestari Desaku Magazines (p) Facilitated Danida support on the establishment of organic fertilizer village
enterprise; (q) Promote PNPM-Green beyond the pilots and province level.
2.6.4. Remedial actions in South Sulawesi Province: It is different with SE Sulawesi
Province; our presence in South Sulawesi Province was indeed very short, we had
only completed 6 out of 8 months work-plan (due to the two months delay start
while no-cost extension was not possible). Three districts governments (Maros,
Wajo and Tana Toraja) were surprised with our short facilitation. Yesterday, we
welcome you and now have to say good-bye to you told the Head of BPMD Tana
Toraja and Wajo Districts. They had just been aware and started putting great
attention with our green initiatives and prepared more intensive engagement;
18
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19
Chapter 3:
Strategies and Achievements:
Outputs, Outcomes and Success Stories
3.1. Introduction
PNPM-Green set four performance indicators: (a) Well-trained PNPM-Green facilitators
and other local PNPM stakeholders, who can ignite and facilitate green projects within
PNPM, not limited to those within PNPM-Green target locations; (b) Local community
members (including women) who are aware of environmental issues and sustainable natural
resource decisions that they can participate in; (c) Adoption by regional governments
of natural resources governance issues as an integral part of the policy development
and decision making process; (d) A sustainable capacity among both (PNPM) facilitators
and (PNPM) stakeholders of all levels to continue the implementation of locally driven
green development investment and to expand its geographic coverage to new areas. To
comply with the given performance indicators, we provided supports to the program in
the form of: (a) environmental training; (b) environmental awareness; (c) establishment
of demo-pilots; (d) facilitation (pendampingan) and (e) technical assistances.
This chapter summarizes our main efforts and strategies to achieve each performance
indicators, it is also aimed to document our key approaches to nurture and mainstream
green development mindset to key development agents at village and (sub) district level
within and beyond the pilot areas. The overall discussions are summarized in Table 3.9.
& Chapter 5.
3.2. Performance Indicator 1: Well-trained PNPM-Green facilitators and other local
PNPM stakeholders, who can ignite and facilitate green projects within PNPM,
not limited to those within PNPM-Green Target locations.
3.2.1. Result Indicator 1: Increased capacity of GOI-contracted consultants/facilitators
to promote viable green sub-project proposals (within and outside Green PNPM
target locations).
1a. Supported GF recruitment, GF pre-service training design and delivery : We
took part on GF selection process in SE Sulawesi, developed NRM pre-service training
design and materials and hold responsibility on NRM training delivery during GF preservice training. It was held in Celebes Indah Hotel, Makassar from 24 - 28 November
2008. We delivered the following subjects: (a) NRM strategies in upland and lowland
Dr. Edi Purwanto
21
ecosystem; (b) Watershed Management; (c) Agroforestry; (d) Village Business development
for NR restoration; (e) Restoration of mangrove and coastal ecosystem. The training was
attended by 33 participants, 22 male and 11 female.
1b. Delivered NRM training to GF during annual refresher training: To update
knowledge and skills, provide technical advices in response to challenges and problems
faced by GF, PNPM-Green provided regular refresher training to GF. The training was
organized by PMD/NMC, while our role was to provide training materials and its delivery.
We supported the refresher training in 2009 (Makassar, 16-22 January 2009), 2010 (Toraja
Utara, 26-30 July 2010) and 2011 (Malino, 3-10 October 2011 and Medan (22-28 September
2011).
1c. Partnered with Danida to develop NRM Manual and Booklets and delivered
training to Setrawan and FKL: Since November 2011, we worked together with Danida
Consultant (Frans Harum) and Danida Advisor (Soren Moestrup) to develop NRM manual
and booklets for Setrawan (government official facilitators). We gave a big contribution on
manual and booklet development. We supported training implementation and delivered
four subjects: (a) Catchment Area Management; (b) Selection of Tree Species, and (c)
Tree planting and Maintenance. The training held in Manado (Aryaduta, 4-8 June 2012;
attended by 15 GF and 14 Setrawan) and Makassar (Horizon, 11-15 June, 15 GF and 15
Setrawan).
Box 3.1. NRM Capacity Building Strategy for Green Facilitators
Community empowerment on NRM is complex and challenging. Each village has specific conditions in terms of: (a)
natural resources potential and their degradation status; (b) community access on natural resources (forest, land and
water); (c) community social capital. Given the complexity of natural and social problems and its inter-dependency
and relationships; Capacity building of GF is not sufficiently fed through formal training, but day-to-day technical
assistances and support social and political problem solving approaches at field level. To do so, we assigned one or two
local staff (Korcam) who lives in at the pilot sub-district. The roles of our Korcam were to: (a) provide site specific NRM
technical assistances relevant with villages natural resource potential and problems; (b) support GF to organize the
whole PNPM-Green cycle, from MAD-1 to MAD-III; (c) provide intensive technical assistances on Green sub-projects
implementation and maintenances.
1.d. Enhanced GF technical capacity on vegetative and generative propagation,

catchment area rehabilitation and solar photovoltaic: To enhance GF knowledge and
skills on special NRM subjects, apart from provided intensive technical training/assistance
to individual GF facilitator in the field (see Box 3.1), we also organized formal technical
training. We organized three trainings: (a) Generative and vegetative propagation of tree
seedlings (BauBau, 9-12 November 2010); (b) Catchment Area Management and Planning
(Aden Hotel, Kendari, 26-27 July 2011) (c) Solar photovoltaic (Aden Hotel, Kendari, 22
April 2011).
3.3 Performance Indicator 2 : Local community members (including women) who are aware of
environmental issues and sustainable natural resource decisions that they can participate in.
22
Dr. Edi Purwanto
3.3.1. Result Indicator 2a: Increase in amount and quality of environmental information,
education, and communication (IEC) material available to PNPM stakeholders.
We invested considerable resources to develop, print, distribute and install IEC. There
were 14 IEC types developed during project period; the summary of IEC is presented
on Table 3.1 and Appendix 2. To promote and mainstream PNPM-Green and green
activities to wide audience at national level, we published Green Nationalism (Nasionalisme
Lingkungan) Book and three editions of Lestari Desaku Magazine; i.e. first edition in
March 2012, second edition in September 2012 and third edition in October 2012. We
sustain the publication of Lestari Desaku magazine after the end of the program.
Table 3.1. Summary of published IEC materials
No
Type
No. of Titles
No. of Copies/units
Targeted audiences
1.
Training modules
25
2000
GF, Setrawan, KVC
2.
Training manuals
7000
GF, Setrawan, KVC
3.
Green Nationalism Book
2000
Public
4.
Lestari Desaku Magazine
9000
Public
5.
Environmental Awareness
DVD Film
26
9000
GF, S, KVC. GO, CSO, CBO
6.
Radio Broadcast
4 advertisement
1 program
villagers
7.
Posters
10
16000
villagers
8.
Ballyhoo
47
villagers
9.
Leaflets
15
40
villagers
10
Banners
120
villagers
11
Iron Campaign Boards
34
villagers
12
Stickers
5000
villagers
13
T-Shirts
3000
Project beneficiaries
14
Hats
1500
3.3.2. Result Indicator 2b: Women are actively engaged in the selection, planning, and
implementation of sub-projects funded by PNPM-Green
2b.1. Stimulated women involvement on green decision making process: We stimulated
women participation on NRM decision making process through: (a) Organized Focused
Group Discussion (FGD) during PKK (women group association) and Majelis Taklim
(Moslem women religious discussion) meetings; (b) Facilitated women groups to develop
sustainable income generating activities, See Table 3.2. The impacts of awareness rising
have increased women attendance/involvement on the green training and PNPM-Green
cycle.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
23
Table 3.3. Environmental education on secondary schools in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces
Table 3.2. Women based income generating activities in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces
Group name
Village, Sub-district
Productive Activities
Members
Buton
Muna
Kolaka
Wajo
SMAN I Pasarwajo
SMAN I Mawasangka
SMPN I Pasarwajo
SMPN I Mawasangka
SMAN I Tongkuno
SMAN I Lawa
SMAN I Napabalano
SMPN I Tongkuno
SMPN I Lawa
SMAN I Ladongi
SMKN 1 Ladongi
SMK 1 Lambandia
SMP 1 Lambandia
Madrasah Aliyah Ladongi
SMAN 1 Watubangga
SMKN 1 Watubangga
SMAN II Sengkang
SMAN III Sengkang
SMAN I Bola
South Sulawesi
1.Bakko Lestari
Ampekale, Bontoa
Fish chip home industry, Mangrove

rehabilitation. Mangrove crab fattening,
children Library
20
2.Loro Lestari
Botolempangan, Bontoa
Plastic waste handicraft
18
3.Mekar
Nepo, Tanasitolo
Plastic waste handicraft; Glass wall (brick)

made of waste bottles
22
3.3.3. Result Indicator 2c: Increase in NRM training opportunities available to local
community members (including women)
South-east Sulawesi
1.Rewu Lestari
Saragih, Pasarwajo
16
2.Buah Lestari
Kahulungaya, Pasarwajo
Vegetative propagation
25
3. Parawata Lestari
Warinta, Pasarwajo
Bamboo and rattan handicraft
18
4.Gusi-Gusi
Waangu Wangu, Pasarwajo
Mahoni tree nursery
22
5. Nentu Lestari
Tompobulu, Sampolawa
Nentu handicraft
12
6.Kaluku Lestari
Oengkolaki, Mawasangka
Virgin Coconut Oil, Warling
14
7.Sepatudhu
Napabalano, Napabalano
8.Maju Jaya
Lalemba, Lawa
Cashew nut processing and packaging
16
9. Jati Makmur
Lalemba, Lawa, Muna
Teak nursery, Warling
22
Box 3.2. NRM Capacity Building Strategy for Rural Community
2b.2. Enhanced environmental education on secondary schools: We built a formal

cooperation with District Education Agency on pilot districts to support environmental
education on the selected secondary schools. Our target groups were students and
teachers. Our interventions: (a) trained key teachers on green smart practices and
supported the development of local content curriculum on environmental education; (b)
run environmental education together with key teachers; (c) Stimulated teachers and
students to conduct conservation actions within school areas and support catchment
areas planting outside school areas. There were three types of in-school green campaigns:
(a) Gemes (Gerakan Memilah Sampah/school waste separation within school areas);
we granted several rubbish separation bins; (b) Garbage Bank; school environmental
education which aims at stimulating students to care with garbage in term of collection,
separation, garbage gathering and selling; the income generating from selling garbage is
returned to students; (c) Samu Sapo (Satu Murid Satu Pohon/one student one tree);we
provided seedlings or nursery development facilitation for tree planting campaigns within
school yard/garden or on degraded land nearby school. Our assistances on environmental
education program in SMAN II Sengkang (Wajo) had brought the school to win Adiwiyata
(environmental education) award from the Ministry of Environment.
24
Community capacity building on NRM were conducted through several approaches: (a)
organized learning by doing training; (b) facilitated the establishment of demo-pilots
(demo-plots); (c) facilitated Green Learning Houses/GLH (Rumah Pembelajaran); (d)
Organized cross-visits among PNPM-Green actors and KVC. The list of NRM training is
presented on Table Appendix 3a-c.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
The Knowledge Attitudes and Practices (KAP) Survey (2008) found that local community badly-need NRM technical
skill as none of the existing rural development agents had specific tasks on NRM capacity building. Refer to the
findings and based on our experience to organize community training, all community training were designed on
the basis of learning by doing (emphasis on practical work) principle. Trainings were not conducted in the class
but directly doing the jobs on the field (of course with short introduction about the work); each training focussed
on one topic, such as biogas installation, generative propagation, vegetative propagation etc. This type of training
required well and comprehensive field preparation. Before training implementation, we facilitated KPMD/TPK and/or
local community to prepare materials, equipment and basic infrastructures relevant to the training topics.When the
training is dealing on nursery, they have to prepare germination bed, poly-bags, organic fertilizer, seeds and seedlings
etc. If the training is about biogas installation, we facilitated them to prepare all materials, equipment and site-plan of
biogas installation. Before doing practical work, we used to discuss the background and benefits of the training topic,
this session were frequently supported with film screening. The trainers could be OWT facilitator, local champions,
extension workers or other relevant agents. To ensure the adoption of local community on the introduced smart
practices, we followed the training with intensive field facilitation and technical assistances. Efforts were also made
to establish a life example in the form of demonstration pilots (demo-plots/demo-plots) or Green Learning House/
GLH. The criteria for demo-plots selection were; (a) the existence of strong KVC and high interest farmer (community)
group; (b) the introduced smart practices or technique were relevant with community needs; (c) the demo-plot/GLH
sites were highly accessible; (d) The main beneficiaries were poor households. Either demo-plots or GLH were aimed
to enhance the existing initiative (for instance: improved their existing nursery) or introduce new technologies (for
instance: facilitated biogas installation). Both demo-plots and GLH were used for PNPM-Green actors and community
learning sites.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
25
3.3.4. Result Indicator 2d: Increase in community awareness of links between improved
NRM practices and enhanced livelihood
The main target group of awareness rising activities were community at (sub) village
level. It was mainly conducted through: (a) FGD involving 10 15 KVC; (b) Installed
posters at strategic sites (UPK, village halls, KCV houses etc.); (c) distributed leaflet; (d)
cross-visits to demo-plots and GLH; (e) film screening and interactive dialogs at subvillage level during the night using My Darling (environmental awareness) car;
We believed that sustainable environmental initiatives can only be achieved when enable
to open new opportunities to local community livelihoods. NRM and RE initiatives will only
be sustainable if they can enhance IGA or reduce poor household expenditure. Accordingly,
we inspired and facilitated local community to develop innovative sub-projects which do
not only benefit for environment but also supported site-specific livelihoods development.
The list of demo-plots developed during project implementation is discussed below.
2d.1. Mangrove Planting/Rehabilitation
Mangrove degradation in Sulawesi is mainly caused by rapid conversion to extensive and
intensive fish-pond areas. The peak of degradation occurred during the end of 1990s,
driven by the sharp rising of shrimp price until 4 times. During the time, large areas of
fish pond in Sulawesi were established at the expense of mangrove forest. The absence
of mangrove forest as the source of detritus (nutrient) in the ecosystem has declined
the productivity of fish ponds in many areas. We conducted intensive campaigns on
degraded mangrove pilot areas, i.e. Pasarwajo, Mawasangka (Buton), Napabalano (Muna),
Watubangga (Kolaka) and Bontoa (Maros). Our awareness tools were: (a) Posters; (b)
Film: The guardian of Archipelago (Menjaga Pagar Nusantara); (c) demo- plots. We
facilitated the establishment of inter-villages commitment as a way to stimulate people
to conserve and rehabilitate mangrove. See Box 3.3.
Demo-plots: (a) Mawasangka/2008 (Mawasangka, Buton); (b) Lamundre/2009
(Watubangga)/2009; (c) Ampekale 2012 (Bontoa, Maros).
Impacts on green sub-projects: All villages
in Mawasangka/Buton (Mawasangka,
Oengkolaki, Banga, Tanailandu, Kanapanapa, and Terapung), Kondowa (Pasarwajo,
Buton), Napabalano/Muna (Tampo, Renda
and Bahari) spent 2008 Green block-grant
for mangrove rehabilitation; Wawoangi/2009
(Sampolawa, Buton), Kambikuno, Renda, Bahari,
Wangkulabu/2010 (Napabalano, Muna).
Figure 3.1. Mangrove rehabilitation sub-project
in Pasir Putih, Bola Wajo
26
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Box 3.3. Success-Story: Inter-villages comittment to rehabilitate mangrove, Mawasangka,

Buton
Environmental awareness often does not give significant effect unless it is followed-up with actions facilitation. As
such, after completed serial awareness rising in 6 mangrove villages in Mawasangka Sub-District, we facilitated
mangrove rehabilitation actions on selected site which aimed as demo-plot. The demo-plot area was 2 ha and located
in Mawasangka Village. Reasons to select the site as demo-plots were: (a) good exposure; (b) the present of KVC; (c)
the land is highly suitable for mangrove planting and (d) proximity with mangrove nursery. The planting campaigns
(March 24, 2009) held in the morning and involved KVG and KVC at sub-district level. After lunch, we facilitated
meeting to develop inter-village commitment for mangrove protection and rehabilitation at sub-district level. The
meeting was attended by 35 persons; composed of KVG, KVC and PNPM actors of 6 mangrove villages. At the end of
the day the document of inter-village commitment was formulated and signed by KVG and KVC of 6 mangrove village
representatives.
2d.2. Catchment area rehabilitation and ecotourism development

The geology of Buton and Muna Districts are dominated by limestone where surface
water is limited and community rely the fresh water from the springs. Most of catchment
areas have been degraded while the environmental conditions around the spring waters
were poor; there were no separations between clean and dirty water and no specific
facilities for bathing and garbage bins. On the other hand, while water resources in
Kolaka District are plenty; the area experienced rapid deforestation at the expense of
cacao plantation, as such catchment area rehabilitation is also required.
Our awareness tools, activities and strategies included: (a) Posters; (b) Film screening:
The giant sponge of Indonesia (Karet Busa Raksasa Indonesia); (c) demo-plot. We also
facilitated the establishment of inter-villages commitment to protect spring water, riparian
ecosystem and land rehabilitation.
Land rehabilitation demo-plots: (a) Wasilomata II/2009 (Mawasangka); Warinta/2009
(Pasarwajo), Danagoa /2009 (Tongkuno); Raraa/2009 (Ladongi).
Ecotourism demo-plot: Waste management on Awainulu spring water/2009 (Pasarwajo).
Impacts on catchment rehabilitation green sub-projects: Wasaga/2008; Laburunci,
Kambula-mbulana/2009; Laburunci, Awainulu/2010; Wagola, Kahulungaya, Holimombo
Jaya/2011 (Pasarwajo); Gumanano, Kancebungi/2012 (Mawasangka); Labasa and
Danagoa/2009 (Tongkuno), Tangkumaho/2009 and Lambiku/2010 (Napabalano); Lambiku,
Langkumapo, Napalakura and Pentiro/2011 and 2012 (Napabalano); Ladongi, Lalowosula,
Atula/2009 (Ladongi); Sumber Rejeki/2010 (Watubangga); Baula and Watalara/2010
(Baula); Lalowosula, Wungguloko, Welala, Atula, Raraa and Ladongi Jaya/2010 (Ladongi);
Peoho/2011 (Watubangga), Pekorea/2011 (Lambandia); Anggalosi, Ladongi Jaya, Dangia,
Lalowosula/2011 (Ladongi); Lalowosula/2012 (Ladongi).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
27
Impacts on ecotourism green sub-projects: Lamorende/2008 (Tongkuno), Lagadi,

Latugho/2009 (Lawa); Awainulu/2010, Kaongke-ongkea/2011 (Pasarwajo), Gumanano/2009
(Mawasangka), Gunung Sejuk/2010 (Sampolawa).
Demo-plots: Kahulungaya/2008, Warinta/2009 (Buton); SMA-II Sengkang/2012 (Wajo).

Impacts on green sub-projects: Kahulungaya/2008 (Pasarwajo), Sandang Pangan and
Hendea/2008 (Sampolawa), Watolo/2009 and 2010 (Mawasangka), Saragi/2010 (Pasarwajo),
Wasaga/2011 (Pasarwajo), Lipumangau/2011 (Sampolawa).
2d.4. Fruit and cash crops planting
Buton and Muna Islands produced limited fruits. In 1980s, Pak Alala (SE Sulawesi Governor)
run Gersamata (Gerakan Desa Makmur Merata, Government program to empower rural
community livelihoods); the program stimulated local community to plant cash-crop
(cacao, clove, cashew and peppers) and fruits (rambutan) on arable land. The impacts
of the program have been significant for rural community livelihoods in SE Sulawesi.
Muna and Buton has become the major producer of cashews in Sulawesi while Kolaka
is the major producer of cacao and pepper. Apart from cashews, Muna and Buton are
lack of fruit and cash crop. Accordingly, we stimulated local community to plant fruits
and cash crops.
Figure 3.2. Ecotourism sub-project in Latugho Village, Lawa; the situation before (left) and after (right)
2d.3. Recharge wells
GLH: Pala (Myristica fragrans) nursery Pak La Ode Wero (Kancinaa, Pasarwajo);, Kemiri/
Aleurites Moluccana nursery Pak Zakaria (Kahulungaya, Pasarwajo), Mahoni nursery Pak
Lahuma (Waangu Wangu, Pasarwajo); Rambutan and orange plantation Pak Sukarno
(Lasembangi, Lasalimu Selatan).
Recharge or infiltration wells (sumur

resapan) aimed to enhance infiltration and
reduce surface runoff. It is a simple water
conservation measures suitable for high
coefficient runoff areas, i.e. settlement
areas. The correct installation sites will
effectively reduce flood hazards and
increase groundwater table. To enhance
the ownership and effective uses of the
recharge well, we added water tank as
a rain-water harvesting (see Photo). The
rainwater from the house roof fill-up
the water tank first before the overflow
infiltrate on the recharge well.
Figure 3.3. Recharge well demo-plot in SMA II Sengkang,
Wajo
Figure 3.4. Orange planting demo-plot in Warinta Village, Pasarwajo
Impacts on green sub-projects: Wasaga, Warinta, Lapodi, Kombeli, Kancinaa, Wakaokili,

Awainulu/2008, Waangu-angu, Takimpo/2012 (Pasarwajo); Lailangga, Lakanaha, Lindo, Watumela
and Wakontu/2008, Madampi, Wamelai, Kampani/2009, Lagadi/2012 (Lawa); Kontumolepe,
28
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
29
Lakologou, Lahontohe, Lamorende, Tombula/2011 (Tongkuno), Lambiku, Napalakura/2011

(Napabalano); Todombulu/2009 (Sampolawa); Sandang Pangan/2012 (Sampolawa); Kanapa-napa/2012
(Mawasangka); Bou, Pomburea, Inotu, Atolano/2012 (Lambandia).
Table 3.4. List of Green Learning Houses (Rumah Pembelajaran) in SE Sulawesi
Name of KVC
Learning activities
Sites
1. Pak Lasamira
Biogas, green-shop (Warung Lingkungan), cashew

nursery
2. Bu Erwina
VCO
3. Pak Ladodi
Tree nursery, green library
Gunung Sejuk, Sampolawa
4. Pak Lahuma
Mahoni and Rambutan nursery
Waangu Wangu, Pasarwajo
5. Pak Zakaria
Fruit trees vegetative propagation, organic fertilizer,

coconut plantation
Kahulungaya, Pasarwajo
6. Pak La Ode Wero
Myristica fragans (Pala) nursery
7. Pak Sukarno
Name of KVC
Learning activities
Sites
12. Pak Suprayitno
Biogas
Lambandia, Lambandia
13. Pak Made Tinggal

Karyasa
Tree nursery, organic fertilizer, biogas, Gunung Sari

community Radio
Gunung Sari, Watubangga
Table 3.5. List of Green Learning Houses (Rumah Pembelajaran) in S Sulawesi
Buton
Learning activities
Sites
Pak Mansyur
Jabon tree nursery
Tompobulu, Maros
Bu Darmiah
Botolempangan, Botoa
Bu Siti Hawang
fish chips home industry
Ampekale, Bontoa
Pak Taba
Organic fertilizer
Bontoa, Bontoa
Kancinaa, Pasarwajo
Pak Abdul Jalil
Nursery
Tompobulu
Orange nursery and plantation
Lasembangi, Lasalimu Selatan
Wajo
8. Ibu Salamah
Saragih, Pasarwajo
Pak Sidarwan
Inalipule, Tanasitolo, Wajo
9. Pak Laboce
Biogas
Kabakole, Pasarwajo
Liquid organic fertilizer, conversion of generator fuel from

benzene to gas, sugar cane processing.
Pak Andi Monjong
Biogas, Liquid organic fertilizer, conversion of generator

fuel from benzene to gas
Parigi, Takallala, Wajo
Pak Hasan
Biogas, Liquid organic fertilizer, conversion of generator

fuel from benzene to gas
Sanrengseng Ade, Bola, Wajo
Bu Dina
Tanasitolo
Ne Togen
Biogas
Benteng Ambeso, Gandasil
Ne Sitti
Biogas
Pemanukan Gandasil,
Pong Edi
Biogas
Buakayu, Bonggakaradeng
Pong Semu
Biogas
Poton, Bonggakaradeng
Maros
Muna
1. Pak Zainuddin
Biogas, biogas slurry as liquid organic fertilizer,

vegetable planting
Lahontohe, Tongkuno
2. Bu Nadia
Teak nursery, organic fertilizer, green-shop
Lalemba, Lawa
3. Pak Tairan
Teak nursery, honey bee culture
Napalakura, Napabalano
4. Pak Alexander
Napabalano, Napabalano,
5. Pak La Ode Sipu
Organic fertilizer
Pentiro, Napabalano
1. Pak Dewa
Biogas, hatchery, organic poultry, livestock fodder
Gunung Jaya, Ladongi
2. Pak Kusuma
Straw mushroom cultivation
Atula, Ladongi
3. Pak Suganda
Tree nursery, oyster mushroom cultivation, Green Trust

Radio
Welala, Ladongi
4. Pak Abas
Tree nursery
Raraa, Ladongi
5. Pak Sudariana
Tree nursery
Atula, Ladongi
6. Pak Jufri
Organic fertilizer
Dangia, Ladongi
7. Pak Amir
Water purification
Wungguloko, Ladongi
8. Pak Hadise
Land rehabilitation
Raraa, Ladongi
9. Pak M.Arief
Tree nursery
Mokupa, Lambandia
10. Pak Hamid
Tree nursery
Tinete, Lambandia
11. Pak Tambrin
Tree nursery
Lambandia, Lambandia
Kolaka
30
Name of KVC
Tana Toraja
2d.5. Energy saving stove
Dr. Edi Purwanto
In response to the high consumption of rural communities on firewood at the expense

of forest resource degradation, many foundations and NGOs has started to initiate the
use of energy saving stove. In Java, the initiation has already started since three decades
ago. It is first recorded the development of Lorena stove. The design of energy saving
stoves have gradually changed and improved from time to time. The most recent design
is developed by Indonesian Stove Networking led by Yayasan Dian Desa. The design of
the stove is not so difference with common clay-soil stove. The stove is designed to
enhance the efficient flow and maximum used of heat energy; it produces little smoke
due to the effective burning process. The stove enables to save the use of firewood until
Dr. Edi Purwanto
31
50%. Cost for construction of the stove is Rp.50,000, each household normally need more
than one stove, as the stove has only one burning hole. The benefits of using energy
saving stove are: (a) Reduce the use of firewood, so this will save forest, save money
or less time for women to collect firewood which mean more time for children; (b) It is
better for health and planet (due to the minimum smoke production).
GLH: (a) Tira (Sampolawa); (b) Banga (Mawasangka); (c) Lalemba (Lawa)
Impacts on green sub-projects: Tira/2011, Katilombu, Todombulu and Bahari/2012
(Sampolawa); Lalemba/2010 (Lawa).
Figure 3.6. Women group facilitation on cashew processing in Lalemba Village, Lawa
2d.7. Mangrove crab fattening

The absence of sustainable livelihoods in mangrove ecosystem dictated mangrove cutting
and conversion into fish-ponds. Local community is used to collect mangrove crab on
mangrove forest; but no efforts to cultivate them. We initiated efforts to fatten mangrove
crab on sea-cage (keramba) in mangrove forest where fishers can raise the crab weight
significantly within a short-time.
Demo-plot: Banga (Mawasangka).
Figure 3.5. Training on the making of energy saving stove in Gunung Sejuk Village, Sampolawa
2d.6. Cashew processing

Community in Buton and Muna are used to trade shell-on cashews (gelondongan) rather
than kernels. By selling unprocessed cashews, community experiences opportunity lost
until Rp 2600 per kg. They trade gelondongan due to lack of skill and capital and also
the need for immediate cash after harvesting. We trained community to process and
trade cashews kernels.
Demo-plots: (a) Tira (Sampolawa); (b) Banga (Mawasangka); (c) Lalemba (Lawa)
Impacts on green sub-projects: Saragi/2008, Dongkala, Lapodi, Pasarwajo/2009
(Pasarwajo); Lapudaku, Lalemba/2009 (Lawa); Katobu, Lindo and Kampani/2010 (Lawa).
Figure 3.7. Mangrove crab fattening in Oengkolaki village, Mawasangka
32
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
33
2d.8 Virgin Coconut Oil (VCO)

VCO is a potential coconut based home industry which can provide considerable income
generating activity for household wife. We trained and facilitated the establishment of
VCO generating activity women group, support the packaging and marketing.
Demo-plot: Oengkolaki (Mawasangka)/2010.
Figure 3.9. Fish-aggregating device demo-plot in Oempu Village, Tongkuno
2d.10. Biogas
Figure 3.8. Women group facilitation on VCO home industry in Oengkolaki Village, Mawasangka
2d.9. Fish Aggregating Device (Rumpon)

At the absence of key supporting life system in the coastal areas (coral reef, mangrove
and sea-grass), fishers can build Rumpon as artificial ways to restore fish-catch. Rumpon
is made of wooden platform (5 x 5 m) anchored on big stone. To keep the platform
floating, a plastic drum (200 litres) is attached on each of the corner. Several bunch of
coconut leaves are hanged on the platform which functions as shelter of small fishes
to attract big fishes. We initiated local community to establish Rumpon.
Demo-plots: (a) Holimombo Jaya/2009 (Pasarwajo); (b) Oempu/2011 (Tongkuno).
Impact on green sub-projects: Mawasangka/2009, Gumanano/2010, Wakambangura/2011,
Terapung/2012 (Mawasangka); Bangun/2010, Bahari/2011, Gerak Makmur/2012
(Sampolawa); Holimombo Jaya/2010 (Pasarwajo).
34
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Biogas is a driver for NRM practices for rural community. Biogas is a smart practices
which stimulate rural community to: (a) cage their cattle; (b) use the livestock dung
for biogas while its urine for liquid fertilizer; (c) use small scale biogas for cooking and
lightning while big scale biogas for engine fuel; (d) use biogas slurry for liquid fertilizer.
(e) improve environment; (f) reduce domestic expenditure. The liquid fertilizer can raise
the growth of annual and perennial cash/tree crops. The organic wastes of cash crops
are used as fodder to improve cattle diet;
We gradually developed the application of biogas technology; started with plastic digester
which only suitable for one household (2010), to fibre digester (2011) suitable for several
households; then used the slurry for liquid organic fertilizer (2011) and finally used the
gas for lighting and generator fuel (2011).
Demo-plots: (a) Mawasangka/ 2010 (Mawasangka); (b) Kancinaa/2010 (Pasarwajo); (c)
Lahontohe/2010 (Tongkuno); Lapandidi/2010 (Lawa), Lakumampo/2011 (Napabalano);
(d) (Lawa); (e) Gunung Jaya, Atula, Lalowosula/2010 (Ladongi); (f) Penanggo Jaya/2011
(Lambandia); (g) Gunung Sari, Sumber Rejeki/2010 (Watubangga).
Impacts on green sub-projects: Saragi/2009 (Buton), Lapadaku, Latugho/2011 (Lawa),
Lapadindi, Lahontohe/2012 (Tongkuno); Gunung Sari/2008 (Watubangga); Pewutaa/2008,
Puuroda/2009 (Baula); Gunung Jaya, Raraa, Atula/2011 (Ladongi).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
35
2d.11. Organic fertilizer
Box 3.4. Success Story: Biogas Replication in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces

Our intensive campaigns on the multi-uses of biogas have attracted rural community, government and Corporate
Social Responsibility (CSR) program to replicate biogas.
Tana Toraja, S Sulawesi
Most of Toraja community raised livestock. In May 2012, we provided technical assistance on four Green biogas
sub- projects (2011) in Gandasil, this was followed by establishing one biogas demo-plot on each pilot sub-district
(Gandasil, Sangala Selatan and Bongkar). In October 2012, the initiatives were replicated by 11 community self-funded
biogas, i.e. 6 self funded biogas plus 6 on facilitation waiting lists (Gandasil); 2 self-funded biogas (Sangala Selatan);
5 self-funded biogas (Bongkar). The biogas fever had attracted District Veterinary Agency to build 4 units biogas in
Bongkar during October 2012. Now, there are many KVCs have been skilful on biogas installation.
PNPM-Green Exit Strategy, Wajo, S Sulawesi
Our biogas demo-plots in Takalalla and Bola Sub-districts attached beneficiaries of PNPM-Exit Strategy to build 14
units biogas in Manyili Village, Takalalla Sub-district.
Muna, SE Sulawesi
Starting with one unit biogas demo-plot in Lahontohe (Tongkuno/2010), followed with two other biogas
demo-plots in Madampi (Lawa) and Lakumampo (Napabalano/2011). In October 2012, there have been 23
biogas installed in the district. During 2011: (a) PNPM-Green funded 11 unit biogas in Lawa, i.e. Latugho (3
units), Wamelai (3 units), Lapadaku (4 units); (b) Muna Environmental District Agency (BLH) established 3
units biogas (Napalakura/Napabalano, Wamelai/Lawa and Barangka/Barangka). During 2012: (a) PNPMGreen funded 12 biogas units, i.e. Lapandidi (6 units) and Lahontohe (6 units); (b) BLH added with 3 biogas
units, i.e. Pentiro (Napabalano); Danagoa (Tongkuno), Lianosa (Tongkuno Selatan);
PT INCO, Kolaka SE Sulawesi
In response to PT. INCO (a Canadian nickel mining company) and BPMD interest on biogas demo-plots in our facilitation
sub-districts. By the end of 2010, we assisted the Head of BPMD Kolaka (Pak Andy) to develop CSR proposal to PT.
INCO. In 2011, the proposal was accepted by PT. INCO (which later changes to PT Valley); interestingly, the Company
did not only agree to fund biogas installation but also adding the most important part of biogas sustainability, i.e.
establishment of livestock (cows) husbandry. In October 2012, we received good news that PT. Valley agreed to deliver
fund of IDR 40 billion for cows grant and biogas installation fund (Pak Amri, PJO-Kab pers.com).
Figure 3.10. Biogas demo-plot in Gunung Sari Village, Watubangga
36
Organic fertilizer is the key input for sustainable farming in the tropics. We trained farmers
on the making of organic fertilizer using local microorganism (bacteria and fungi) which
can be used as bio-fertilizer, organic fertilizer and bio-activator for organic decomposition.
Organic fertilizer can be easily developed from biogas slurry. Since biogas installations
were still limited, we introduced technique to develop liquid fertilizer from livestock
(cows) dung. The fresh dung is stored in the anaerobic tube; spray with EM4, after about
two weeks, the liquid fertilizer can be tapped. The remaining waste (decomposed dung)
can be developed for manure by mixing with decomposed rice husk or dust saw. Pak
Andi Monjong, Head of Parigi Farmer Group uses liquid fertilizer for rainfed rice farming.
Using similar process, liquid fertilizer can be developed from market organic waste, or
Enceng Gondok (water hyacinth), a notorious invasive species from Lake Tempe (Wajo).
Since July 2012, we developed several demo-plots in Inalipue Village (Tanasitolo), Pak
Sidarwan, Head of Sipureo Farmer Group, his farmer group use liquid fertilizer for rainfed
agriculture crops (chili, beans and maize). The liquid fertilizer contains multi nutrients.
In many cases plant may experience a single nutrient deficiency, such as lack of N or P
only. We introduced technique to make single nutrient organic fertilizer. Organic material
such as chicken dung contains 80% Phosphor, cow and goat dungs contain 60% Nitrogen,
and the inner part (core) of banana trees contains 85% Phosphor. The process is similar
with the making liquid fertilizer from other organic material.
GLH: Pak Zakaria (Pasarwajo); Pak Lasamira (Mawasangka); Pak Zainuddin (Tongkuno),
La Ode Sipu (Napabalano), Made (Watubangga), Dewa and Suganda (Ladongi); Sidarwan
(Inalipule, Tanasitolo), Andi Monjong (Parigi, Takalalla).
Impacts on green sub-projects: Wakaokili, Wasaga/2009 (Pasarwajo); Putemata/2011,
Dangia and Raraa/2012 (Ladongi); Dangia/2012 (Ladongi).
Figure 3.11. Key-farmer champion for liquid organic fertilizer, Sidarwan (left), champion from Inalipule Village,
Tanasitolo, and Andi Monjong (right), champion from Parigi Village, Takallala
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37
2d.12. Coconut shell Charcoal Briquette (CCB)

It is suitable to be developed in coastal areas, where coconut shell has not been intensively
utilized. CCB can reduce the use of fuel woods from mangrove or terrestrial forest and
potential for income generating activity. One kilogram CCB (cost about Rp.7000) can be
used for 4 days cooking; which is much lower compared to kerosene fuel (Rp. 5,000
10,000 a day). We trained local community to make CCB manually and/or using simple
machine which can be prepared by local workshop.
Demo-plot: Lamundre (Watubangga), Balobone and Oengkolaki (Mawasangka)
Impacts on green sub-projects: Lamundre/2008 (Watubangga), Gunung Sari
(Watubangga)/2008, Watubangga/2009 (Watubangga); Raraa/2012 (Ladongi),
Balobone/2010 (Mawasangka); Lakologou/2012 (Tongkuno).
Figure 3.13. Portable solar dryer in Kotilombu Village, Sampolawa
2d.14. Honey-bee culture

We trained and facilitated community to domesticate local wild bees; this approach has
been able to stimulate local community to cultivate honey-bees surrounding their houses;
rather than collecting honey from forest. One of our well-established honey-bee demoplot is in Napalakura Village, Napabalano Sub-district, Muna.
Demo-plots: (a) Atula/2009 (Ladongi); (b) Napalakura/2009 (Napabalano)
Impacts on green sub-projects: Watalara/2008 (Baula); Gunung Sejuk/2011 (Sampolawa)
Figure 3.12. Women group facilitation on CCB home-industry in Balabone Village, Mawasangka
2d.13. Portable solar drier

It is a simple equipment to dry coffee, seaweed, clove, seeds etc. It is made from timber,
plastic, and thin metal. We introduced for seaweed farmers. The equipment is movable
and able to raise air temperature until 60 degree Celsius.
Demo-plots: (a) Mawasangka/2011(Mawasangka); (b) Katilombu/2011 (Sampolawa)
Impacts on green sub-projects: Mawasangka 2012 (Mawasangka).
Figure 3.14. Hone-bee culture demo-plot in Napalakura Village, Napabalano
38
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39
2d.15. King Oyster Mushroom
2d.17. Vegetative Propagation
It is highly suitable in cold climate (upland area). The growth media is made of organic
waste: dust saw, rice husk, rice bran and rice straw. It is ready to harvest within forty
days and harvest can be conducted until two months. It is a good example for sustainable
income generating activity in rural areas.
Rural community has special preference to grow fast growing trees for timber production
rather than fruits. Planting fruit trees take a long time (at least 10 years) from planting
to fruit harvesting, while the harvested fruits of planted trees often have different (poor)
quality than the mother tress. Planting fruit trees is often considered as financially less
attractive than planting fast growing species. Vegetative propagation, such as cutting
(stek), budding (okulasi), grafting (sambung), air layering (cangkok) etc has been creatively
developed by small-scale fruit tree breeders.They have successfully applied (and to a
certain extent invented) various tree improvement techniques to speed-up fruiting time,
enhance and maintain production all over year. Planting fruit tress provide long-lived
ecosystem protection (as community do not cut the trees but take the fruits), while also
provide long-term sustainable income. We facilitated farmer groups who manage village
nursery to establish root-stock (lower stump) established from generative propagation
and to select potential mother trees as a source of cutting.
Demo-plot: Welala/2012 (Ladongi). There was no green sub-project replication, as the

demo-plot was built in June 2012.
Demo-plot: GLH Pak Zakaria, Kahulungaya/2010 (Pasarwajo), GLH Pak Mansyur,

Tompobulu/2012.
Figure 3.15. King-Oyster demo-plot in Welala Village,
2d.16. Straw mushroom

It is highly suitable in warm climate (lowland area). Farmers enable to use straw which
widely considered as low value agriculture (rice) side-product. The straw mushrooms are
ready to harvest within 24 days. It is a good example for sustainable income generating
activity in rural areas.
Demo-plot: Atula/2012, Ladongi, There was no green sub-project replication, as the
demo-plot was built in August 2012, however the initiative has been replicated by two
households.
Figure 3.17. Tree nursery demo-plot in Kahulungaya Village, Pasarwajo
2d.18. Plastic waste handicraft

Taking experience from Rumah Boemi Sukunan, Yogyakarta, where plastic garbage is
collected and transferred into handicraft, mostly in the form of plastic bags, we replicated
the initiative for Rewu Lestari Women Group (Pasarwajo); Loro Lestari (Bontoa) and Mekar
(Tanasitolo).
Sample case: Loro Lestari group received 2011 PNPM-Green block-grant in the form of
plastic waste handicraft training; they did not follow-up the training into action as the
group did not have sewing machines. In June 2012, we provided facilitation, training and
Figure 3.16. Straw mushroom demo-plot in Atula Village, Ladongi
40
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41
granted one sewing machine. The grant had stimulated the group to produce creative
products. On August, we promoted the products in the Ramadan Exhibition held in
Makassar (8-9 August 2012). The products (50 plastic bags) were sold out in one evening.
This had fuelled their spirits to enhance the production quantity. In response to their
request, and considering the development of the group, in September we added two
sewing machines. The group have trained similar community development initiatives in
Takabonerate National Park, Selayar Island.
Figure 3.18. Women group facilitation on plastic waste handicraft home industry, Saragih Village, Pasarwajo
Figure 3.19. Women group facilitation on fish-chips home industry, Ampekale, Bontoa
2d.19. Fish chips home-industry
2d.20. Conversion of generator fuel from benzene to gas
Considering the degradation of mangrove forest at the expense of unsustainable fish

pond development and the absence of smart practice on mangrove rehabilitation, we
facilitated the development of mangrove nursery by involving women (fisher wives). The
facilitated women group had named themselves as Bakko Lestari (Sustainable Mangrove).
While waiting the mangrove seedlings were ready to plant, we trained women group
members on the making of fish chips and facilitated the establishment of fish-chips
(Amplang) home-industries. We provided facilitation, technical assistances and small grant
to procure kitchen utensils (mixer, blender and freezer). We facilitated the packaging,
marketing and also food (health) certification. The fish chips has entered Kota Daeng
gifts shopping centre (Pusat Oleh-Oleh) in Makassar and several food gifts kiosks in
Maros. The production capacity per week is 100 150 packages.
About 70% (60,000 ha) of paddy field in Wajo District is rainfed land; community rely
on irrigation water from river, lake and retarding basin. Farmers pump water out of the
river and flow the water through the rubber pipes to irrigate the land, they used to use
benzene fuel to run the generator. Considering the availability of oil fuel is limited, while
the price is much expensive than gas fuel, we invented technique to change generator
fuel from benzene to gas. To do so, farmers only need to modify gas regulator in which
the apparatus is widely available in the shops (cost Rp. 65,000). Such practice is able to
reduce the fuel cost until 60%. Generator consumes 7 - 8 litters benzene a day or Rp.
35,000 40,000 (excluding transportation cost). While using gas it only cost Rp. 15,000/
day. The initiative has been followed by 350 farmers.
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43
Table 3.6. Summary of direct beneficiaries on environmental training and awareness in S and SE Sulawesi
Provinces.
No.
Activities
Number of direct beneficiaries
Male
Female
Youth
Environmental Training on Pilot Sites

1.
Community training at village and sub-district level in SE Sulawesi

Province
8.657
4.572
4.244
2.
Community training at village and sub-district level in S Sulawesi Province
1.477
795
40
3.
Training workshops for PNPM Green actors in SE Sulawesi Province
4.794
2.857
14.928
8.224
4.284
Total
Environmental awareness on Pilot Sites
Figure 3.20. Conversion of generator fuel from benzene to gas
2d.21. Garbage Bank
1.
Community awareness at village and sub-district level in SE Sulawesi

Province
16.409
10.160
5.851
2.
Community awareness at village and sub-district level in S Sulawesi

Province
7.522
5.395
1.432
23.931
15.555
7.283
Total
Garbage Bank is awareness rising strategy to stimulate local community to care of garbage
in terms of collection, separation, garbage gathering and selling. In collaboration with Wajo
District Environmental Agency (BLHD), we started the campaigns on formal education
from primary to secondary schools. The campaigns started by providing environmental
education as local content curriculum or extra-curricular which followed with practical
actions, among other are garbage bank. After four months awareness campaigns, now
there are 9 schools (and one office/BLHD) have run Garbage Bank in Sengkang Town.
Total clients are 5,077 persons; total collection of non-organic garbage is 26 ton/month
with total financial return of 40 millions rupiahs.
Sample Case: SMAN II (senior
high school) Sengkang has
800 students. Each student is
compulsory to collect 1 kg plastic
garbage per week from their
home and school areas; the total
garbage is 800 kg per week. The
price of 1 kg plastic garbage is
Rp. 1500, so the total school
income from garbage collection
is Rp. 1,200,000 per week or
Rp. 4,800,000 per month or Rp.
57,600,000 per year.
Mainstreamed PNPM-Green Smart Practices Beyond Pilot Sites

1.
SKPD (including Calmat) Coordination meetings in Kendari (2011)
85
12
2.
PNPM-Rural facilitators Workshop in Makassar (2012)
75
20
3.
NGOs in Sulawesi and Sumatra during GIZ Management team training of

traners in Makassar (2012)
13
4.
NGOs, Universities, SKPD during Oxfam National Workshop in Makassar

(2012)
95
15
5.
NGOs, Universities, SKPD on CIDA workshop on Green Economic in

Makassar (2012)
90
10
6.
Tropenbos workshop on Green Nationalism (2011)
108
12
7.
Pamsimas facilitators workshop in Jakarta (2012)
85
10
8.
Setrawan of SDA Lestari during PMD Training in Makassar (2012)
12
9.
PNPM-Green Exhibition in Jakarta (2012)
98
11
10.
Setrawan during Danida training in Manado, Medan, Padang and

Bengkulu (2012)
125
23
11.
NGOs in Makassar during Launching Green Nationalism Book in Bakti

(2012)
25
Figure 3.21. Plastic garbage collection on Garbage Bank

implementation in school
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45
Table 3.7. Type and number of demo-plots (D) and GLH in SE Sulawesi
No.
Type
Buton
Muna
Kolaka
Mangrove rehabilitation (D)
Catchment area rehabilitation (D)
Ecotourism (D)
Recharge wells (D)
Fruit and cash crops planting (GLH)
Organic fertilizer (GLH)
Organic fertilizer (D)
Energy saving stove (GLH)
Cashew processing (D)
10
Mangrove crab fattening (D)
11
Virgin Coconut Oil (D)
12
Fish aggregating device (D)
13
Biogas (GLH)
14
Biogas (D)
15
Coconut shell charcoal briquette/CCB (D)
16
Portable solar drier (GLH)
17
Honey-bee culture (D)
18
King Oyster Mushroom (D)
19
Straw Mushroom (D)
20
Fruit trees vegetative propagation (GLH)
21
Plastic waste handicraft (D)
22
Nentu handicraft (D)
23
Bamboo handicraft (D)
24
Banana, plastic and wood handicraft (GLH)
Conversion of benzene into gas
Plastic waste processing (D)
Straw Mushroom (GLH)
Fish chips home-industry (D)
10
Garbage Bank (D)
Total
Maros
Wajo
Tana Toraja
12
1
1
1
1
10
7
36
Figure 3.22. Number and types of demo-plot replication through Green block grant and government.
1
31
17
19
Wajo
Tana Toraja
Table 3.8. Type and number of demo-plots (D) and GLH in S Sulawesi
46
Type
Total
No.
No.
Type
Maros
Mangrove rehabilitation (D)
Biogas (GLH)
Jabon nursery (GLH)
Organic fertilizer (D)
Liquid fertilizer (D)
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Interpretation of Figure 3.1.: The figure is only for SE Sulawesi, as activities in South
Sulawesi only started after May 2012, so as to our environmental awareness campaigns
had no chance to replicate with Green-block grant since the project ended on December
2012. Observing Figure 3.1., planting activities dominated the replication of our demoplots through green block grant. The most preference tree species for Buton and Muna
Districts is Jati or teak (Tectona grandis). The areas which are dominated by limestone
and marl substrates are highly suitable for the growth of teak forest plantation. Teak
is known in Munanese as Kuli Dava, meaning as timbers from Java Island. During 19th
century, Dutch Government brought teak seeds and Javanese labours to cultivate teak
in Muna and Buton Islands. Unfortunately, the well-known Muna teak, having similar
quality with Java teak, in which the forest plantation areas covers about 50% of the
Island, has been logged during the last decade. Realizing the high price of teak timbers,
now Muna and Buton people are keen to plant teak. Many rich people have invested
the money by planting teak. This is the underlined reasons why the Green sub-projects
Dr. Edi Purwanto
47
48
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Figure 3.23. Number of demo-plot replication by block-grant years in SE Sulawesi Province
in Muna and Buton Districts were dominated by planting teak. Project beneficiaries in
Kolaka were also keen to use Green block-grant to plant trees. The most preference
species is Jati Putih (white teak) or Gmelina arborea. Agro-climatologically speaking,
Kolaka is more suitable for intensive agriculture compared to Buton and Muna. Kolaka
has deep and fertile soil. The indigenous tribe in Kolaka (Tolaki) relies on their livelihoods
on agroforestry development. In 1970s, many migrants from Bali and Java come to
develop irrigated rice field on gentle and flat areas, after 1990s, many migrants from
Bugis come to develop cacao plantation. Traditionally, people develop pepper based
Dr. Edi Purwanto
49
Interpretation of Figure 3.2.: Among 8 sub-districts facilitation areas in SE Sulawesi

Province, numbers of OWT demo-pilots replication into Green Block-grant sub-projects
have been mostly occurred in Ladongi and Pasarwajo Sub-districts; where OWT operated
field office in those sub-districts. The establishment of field office at sub-district level
enabled us to provide intensive technical assistances and facilitations. We equipped our
office with various demonstration pilots, such as tree nursery, mushroom cultivation
and display of many awareness products. We also used the office as a Green-shop or
Warung Lingkungan, which sell green products produced by farmers and also became
show-windows for other farmers. The field office had become a rural community training
centre, people gathering site, to discuss various environmental and livelihoods issues.
3.4. Performance Indicator 3: Adoption by regional governments of natural resources
governance issues as an integral part of the policy development and decision making process.
3.4.1. Results Indicator 3a: Increased emphasis of NRM/environmental issues in local
development plans.
3a.1. Organized NRM Training for village officials and setrawan: We delivered serial NRM
training to Village Head, BPD and Setrawan in all pilot villages in S and SE Sulawesi. The
training covered the following subjects: (a) Practical approaches on indentifying natural
resource potential and problem at village level; (b) Methods to restore natural resource
and environmental degradation; (c) Procedure to develop RPJM-Des; (d) Procedure to
develop village enterprise.
3a.2. Organized province and (sub) district workshops to introduce and mainstream
NRM: We conducted inception workshop at province and district level during 2008;
organized district and sub-district workshops to understand key NR and environmental
issues and also to evaluate annual implementation of PNPM-Green at (sub) district level.
Similar approaches were also conducted in S Sulawesi.
3a.3. Inserted NRM subjects on workshop organized by government officials at district
and province level: To mainstream PNPM-Green approaches and smart practices to key
government officials, since 2010 we collaborated with district and province agencies in
SE Sulawesi to introduce PNPM-Green on government workshops. From 2010-2012, we
were involved on the design and implementation of semi-loka workshops for district
government (SKPD) and parliament.
3a.5. Promotion of PNPM-Green on exhibition festival at district and province level:
We used to open an exhibition stand to promote PNPM-Green smart-practices and
products produced by farmer groups.
3.4.2. Results Indicator 3b: Green sub-projects are aligned with local development plans/
village regulations
and Ministry of Home Affair No. 66/2007, village governments have to formulate RPJMDes (mid-term village plan) and RKP-Des (village annual plan) by the end of 2010.
The document is used as the main reference to conduct any development initiatives at
village level, including PNPM-Rural. Having RPJM-Des, PNPM-Rural cycle can be short-cut
and fully integrated with regular development planning, i.e. Musbang Des, Musrenbang
Kecamatan etc. Since January 2010, together with Green and Rural Facilitators we
facilitated RPJM-Des, especially to include relevant village green sub-projects on the
document. Our interventions were: (a) Trained village Eleven Team; (b) Facilitated Eleven
Team to understand village environmental issues, problems and potential resources; (c)
Provided technical assistance on the writing of RPJM-Des document; (d) Ensured the list
of relevant green sub-projects were included in the document.
Box 3.5. NRM Capacity Building Strategy for Government Officials and Parliaments
Government officials capacity building was conducted through: (a) Involved relevant development agents on the
design and implementation of green sub-project; (b) Enhanced natural resource governance policy: (i) improved the
quality of spatial maps to support environmental policy; (ii) working together to run environmental program (such
as Biogas installation, garbage banks, catchment areas rehabilitation etc.). Our strategy in organizing government
training were: (a) it was not much aimed at raising skills but mainstreaming sustainable development visions; (b) the
training duration should not longer than 8 hours (one-day); (c) the selected training subjects should be: (i) relevant
with the existing development practices; (ii) inspire on better use of government fund for green investment. To
reduce training cost, ease technical arrangement and to deliver the training to considerable numbers of intended
participants, we organized training implementation (delivery) in collaboration with relevant agencies. Since 2010, we
had organized field visits of key government officials and parliaments to green sub-projects.
3b.2. Reviewed RPJM-Des : During 2011 and 2012, we facilitated 8 villages in Ladongi,
14 villages in Lambandia, and 5 villages in Watubangga1 (Kolaka) to integrate green subprojects in their RPJM Des documents.
Box 3.6. Success story: Village Regulation (VR) on bride (groom) tree planting, Panyukukang, Bontoa, Maros
Before married, bride (groom) candidates should have approval letter from the Village Head as a basis to arrange a
legal marital status cards. The VR rules bride (groom) couple candidates to plant trees as a pre-requirement on the
issuance of the approval letter. We facilitated the formulation of VR which aligned to government regulation. The
facilitation were composed of: (a) Socialization at village level; (b) Capacity building of the formulation Team; (c)
Developed VR legal drafting; (d) FGD on each sub-village with various target groups to collect ideas on the most
comfortable administrative arrangement; (e) facilitated VR socialization at sub-village; (e) Coordination with Law
section at district level to check the alignment with relevant law and regulations; and (f) BPD Plenary session to
legalize VR. Team formulation was composed of: (i) BPD; (ii) KVC; (iii) Youth representatives and (iv) Sub-village
Heads. The whole process took about 1.5 months.
3b.1. Facilitated RPJM-Des formulation: Refer to Government Regulation No. 72/2005
1
Ladongi Sub-district: (a) Anggaloosi, (b) Lalowosula, (c) Putemata, (d) Wungguloko, (e) Pombeyoha, (f) Dangia,
(g) Wande, (h) Gunung Jaya, (i) Lembah Subur; Lambandia Sub-district: (a) Lere Jaya, (b) Atolanu, (c) Mokupa, (d)
Bou, (e) Iwoimeajaya, (f) Iwei Meiggura, (g) Aladadio, (h) Penangoosi, (i) Tinete, (j) Lalorera, (k) Pekoria, (l) Awiu, (m)
Taore, (n) Wonoambuteo, (o) inutom, Loa; Watubangga Sub-district: (a) Gunung Sari, (b) Kukutiu, (c) Lamundre, (d)
Langgosipi, (e) Mataosu.
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51
3.4.3. Results Indicators 3c: Increase in local government awareness of links between
improved NRM practices and enhanced livelihood
3c.1. Stimulated local community and government to replicate Biogas installation:
See Box 3.3.
meeting, training, in-formal meetings etc.) to invite relevant development agents at

(sub) district level to support green-sub project implementation and development. Some
success stories can be inspected on Box 3.7;
Box 3.7. Success Story: Integrated investment on Wakante Ecotourism, Latugho, Lawa, Muna
3c.2. Stimulated local government to run garbage bank: See 2d.21

3.5. Performance Indicator 4 : A sustainable capacity among both [PNPM] facilitators
and [PNPM] stakeholders of all levels to continue the implementation of locally driven
green development investment and to expand its geographic coverage to new areas.
3.5.1. Results Indicator 4a : Green sub-projects are sustainably managed beyond initial
year of block grant funding.
4a.1. Facilitated village regulation formulation to sustain PNPM-Green sub-projects
assets: Since 2010, we facilitated village regulation formulation to sustain Green subprojects maintenance and benefit sharing mechanism. We supported the village regulation
completion of the following villages: Oengkolaki, Balabone, Gumanano (Mawasangka);
Wining, Holimombo Jaya and Kahulungaya (Pasarwajo); Gunung Sejuk and Hendea
(Sampolawa); Lahontohe, Oempu (Tongkuno); Lalemba and Wamelai (Lawa), Napalakura
and Napabalano (Napabalano) Muna; Wande, Gunung Jaya, Lembah Subur, Anggaloosi
(Ladongi) and Gunung Sari, Lamundre (Watubangga) Kolaka.
4a.2. Facilitated sub-projects maintenance: Since 2010, we selected 5-6 villages on
each sub-districts to receive sub-project maintenance facilitation. The tree planting
maintenance were composed of the following: (a) facilitated replanting about 2 months
after planting; (b) facilitated the making of organic fertilizer (Bokashi) and its application;
(c) facilitated regular (every two months) weeding and soil tillage surrounding the planted
trees. Such event is organized in association with regular village voluntary working day.
This facilitation is important, since after hand-over meeting (MDST), limited PNPMGreen actors and facilitators who care the fate of Green investment. Since 2010, we
focussed our maintenance facilitation to 5-6 selected villages on each sub-districts. We
also provided solar photovoltaic maintenance: (a) setting a new type of LED lamps to
make the light brighter and divergence; (b) In response to the voltage decline with the
longer distance from solar panels, we trained KVG to install different resistance, in line
with the voltage input, on each LED. By doing this, the brightness of LED lamps is equal
and independent on its distance to solar panel unit.
4a.3. Promoted PNPM-Green ob PNPM-Exit Strategy:
3.5.2. Results Indicator 4b: Increase of coordination between green sub-projects
implementation and other environment/NRM related activities in the region.
4b.1. Stimulated involvement of relevant development projects (agencies) to support
green sub-projects: We made use various occasions (socialization, workshops, coordination
52
Dr. Edi Purwanto
The historical background behind the establishment of ecotourism in Latugho village dated back in 2008, where we
conducted awareness rising on water crisis and facilitated mapping of natural resource potential and problems in
Latugho village. After ranking the severity of the problem, the top rank was spring water rehabilitation. In that year,
PNPM-Green facilitators had not yet been recruited and the process followed the cycle of PNPM-Rural. Realizing
that the environment surrounding spring water is beautiful then we stimulated villagers to change the title of subproject into Ecotourism development. In June 2008, we facilitated discussion involving key actors and stakeholders of
PNPM-Green, PMPM-Sadi1 and PNPM-Rural at the UPK office. We agreed to stimulate the integration of each project
to support ecotourism development. In November 2008, we facilitated Sub-district Workshop to conserve village
protection area which was attended by PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders. The workshop concluded on the pressing
need to conserve spring water and the need to conserve Wakante spring water as ecotourism site. The commitments
paved the way on the MAD-II smooth decision to fund the sub-project through green block-grant (2009). Prior this,
PNPM-Sadi had built access roads from main road to the spring water. PNPM-Rural 2010 established clean water
piping from Wakante Spring which feed 250 households (IDR 320 millions), while Rural Infrastructure Development
Program/PPIP 2010 (Public work) concreted the access road and also stabilized sloping areas surrounding the spring
water (IDR 150 millions). As a follow-up of our facilitation for DPRD and SKPD visits to Wakante Ecotourism (April
2012), Muna District Government allocated IDR 300 million for 2013 budget year; this aimed to develop fresh water
fish ponds (for fishing site) on Ecotourism areas.
4.b.2. Replicated PNPM-Green smart practices on FEATI program in Buton and Kolaka
Districts: Since 2011, we had built a closed relation with FEATI (Farmer Empowerment
through Agricultural Technology and Information) program in Buton and Kolaka Districts.
They used to bring farmers to learn agriculture technologies on our demo-plots, such
as biogas, CCB, VCO and nursery, while also invite us to train their farmer groups. We
also follow-up and replicate their smart-practices to PNPM-Green pilot villages.
Box 3.8. Success Story: District Government support VCO Women Group, Oengkolaki, Mawasangka,
Buton
Pak Lasamira, Head of Tunas Lestari Farmer Group is a pioneer of VCO making in Mawasangka Sub-District. Since
2009, he has used a small room in his house to produce VCO. In October 2010, with our support, his VCO production
received health certification from National Food and Medicines Supervision Agency. We also improved the packaging
(from mineral water waste to sterile bottle); we also provided labelling and promoted the products on several super
markets in Baubau Town. As a matter of fact, VCO home industries provided significant added value and good
opportunities for income generation. One old coconut (price IDR 2,000) produces about 130 ml VCO (price IDR 20,000)
or 10 times higher than the price of coconut. We facilitated the establishment of VCO women group, named Kaluku
Lestari. The group is composed of 25 household wives. The benefits of VCO group, as opposed of individual home
industry are: (a) product standardization; (b) avoid unhealthy competition among households; (c) greater opportunity
to access capital. The latter has attracted attention of Buton District Government. In 2011, the group received several
grants from Buton District Government: (a) Coconut grinding and milk extraction machines from Buton District Small
and Medium Enterprise Agency; (b) Centrifuge (to separate water out of the coconut milk) from Agriculture Agency.
1
PNPM-Sadi/Agriculture development (2008 and 2009)
Dr. Edi Purwanto
53
4.b.3. Replicated PNPM-Green smart practices on AgFor program in Kolaka District :

Since February 2012, we facilitated CIDA-AgFor program in Kolaka District. We selected
six facilitation villages out of three sub-districts. Some replicated Green smart practices
were: (a) making organic fertilizer; (b) Jabon (Anthocepalus cadamba) nursery; (c) mushroom
farming; (d) making livestock fodder.
Box 3.9. Success Story: Integrated investment on CCB village enterprise, Balabone, Mawasangka,
Buton
The landscape of Balabone Village, Mawasangka (Buton) is dominated by coconut trees. Before they had familiar with
CCB, they sold coconut shell Rp. 500,000 per truck. In 2008, we introduced CCB as alternative domestic energy. In 2010,
Balabone Village received Green block grant (IDR 160 millions) to build production house and procure CCB processing
machine. In May 2011, the building and machine were ready, but no processing activities until July 2011. The underline
reasons: (a) conflicts among beneficiaries; (b) lack of technical skill and capital to run initial production. We facilitated:
(a) conflict resolution; (b) establishment of CCB village enterprise Kaluku Harapan (KH); (c) initial production by
providing technical assistances and the first order; (d) packing and labelling of the products; (e) promotion and link
to market beyond Mawasangka areas. The strong leadership of the Village Head and strong CCB promotion have
attracted the synergetic investment of other government programs. In 2011, Balabone village received: (a) PNPMRural block-grant (IDR 108 millions) to build coconut shell charcoal storage; (b) APBD fund (disbursed through Buton
District Agriculture Agency, IDR 180 millions) to build production house and VCO processing machine. The three
buildings (CCB and VCO production houses and coconut shell charcoal storage occurred on the same land while the
land is owned by Balabone Village.
4.b.4. Facilitated monthly coordination meeting among PNPM-Green actors and

stakeholders: Since May 2011, we regularly organized monthly coordination meeting
among PNPM-Green actors and stakeholders on pilot district. The objectives of the
meeting were: (a) to discuss the problems faced and remedial actions taken among key
actors and stakeholders; (b) to mainstream PNPM-Green smart practices at district level.
4.b.5. Building collaborative environmental campaigns with province PMD: We
collaborated with Province PMD Province through: (a) sharing fund to organize
environmental workshops at province level; (b) supported the facilitation of Province
environmental workshops; (c) technical assistance on the implementation of National
Appropriate Technology Festival in 2011.
4.b.6. Building collaborative environmental campaigns with Centre PMD : We supported
them through: (a) organization and facilitation of national trainings workshop on watershed
management (Medan, June, 2011, Denpasar, Batam, July 2012), coastal conservation training
(Surabaya, 2010) and promotion of PNPM-Green (Jakarta, December 2012); (b) facilitated
SDA Lestaris Setrawan Training (Makassar, October, 2012); (c) support the formulation of
general and technical guidelines on catchment area management implementation, with
special emphasis on capacity building and institutional development.
54
Dr. Edi Purwanto
4.b.7. Collaborated with BaKTI to promote PNPM-Green smart practices: We collaborated

with BaKTI Foundation to mainstream PNPM-Green Program in the BaKTI Newsletter;
we enriched BaKTI smart-practices with green smart-practices during the 4th (2010), the
5th (2011) and 6th (2012) Eastern Indonesia Forum Meeting; We collaborated with BaKTI
on the launching of Green Nationalism Book (March, 2012) and public discussion on
Community Empowerment on environmental conservation and PNPM-Green smart practices
in Sulawesi (October 23, 2012).
4.b.8. Mainstream green activities through Lestari Desaku Magazine: We commit
to publish Lestari Desaku Magazine on regular basis (every two months) as a way to
mainstream green activities and strengthen village governance. During the last three
editions (April, September and October 2012), we printed each edition for 3000 copies
and distributed the hard copies at national level. We have already selected 12 of the
existing farmer groups as Lestari Desaku farmers groups by facilitating discussion on every
edition of Lestari Desaku magazine in West Sumatra and Bengkulu. We also published
the electronic copy of the magazine in the website and promoted on social media.
4.b.9. Collaborated with TSU to promote PNPM-Green smart practices to NGOs in
Sulawesi : We collaborated with Technical Support Unit (GIZ) for MHP construction
to organize Training of Trainers (ToT) for Sulawesi NGOs on MHP management Team
training (October 2012). We made use the occasion to mainstream PNPM-Green smart
practices
4.b.10. Linking Green farmer groups with UPK: UPK is a sub-district institution established
by PNPM-Rural to administer PNPM sub-projects fund, and Revolving Loan Fund (RLF)
such as SPP (safe and loan for women groups), UEP (safe and loan for enterprise groups)
and PNPM rural/green block-grant. UPK is expected to become a financial institution at
sub-district level. During the last three years, PNPM-Green has facilitated the establishment
of green enterprises which produced various green products such as organic fertilizer,
livestock fodder, CCB, VCO, tree seedlings, honey-bees etc. Many villages have MHP and
establish its Management Team (TP3). Several MHPs in Sulawesi and Sumatra have been
operated during the day enabling to support productive use energy (PUE). There are
many PUE groups established and demand capital loan to procure electronic equipment.
To strengthen UPK as a financial institution at sub-district level, while enhancing the
capacity of some newly established green enterprise groups; on this quarter, we worked
together with PL (PNPM assistant at sub-district level) to list potential green enterprises
and link to UPKs RLF.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
55
Tabel 3.9. Summary of Strategy, Activities, Outputs, Impacts, Outcomes and Success Stories
Performance Indicator
1. Well-trained
PNPM-Green
facilitators and
other local PNPM
stakeholder
Strategy
Activities
Capacity building of GF
was not only conducted
through pre-service and
refresher courses, but
more importantly through
day-to-day facilitation and
technical assistances at
field level.
Provided technical assistances,

support social and political
problem solving approaches
through day-to-day facilitation
at field level.
Outputs/Impacts/
Outcomes
Outputs: FKL had proper
technical capacity and
aware on site specific
environmental issues
and potential livelihoods
development.
Impacts: Establishment
of sub-projects which were
highly relevant with NR
problems and potential of
the village.
2. Local community
members (including
women) who
are aware of
environmental
issues and
sustainable natural
resource decisions
Outcomes: Sustainability
of Green funded subprojects and level of
self-funded adoption
(replication) by rural
community within and
surrounding villages.
Mangrove
rehabilitation subproject in Buton and
Wajo Districts
Planting Tectona
grandis (Teak) subprojects in Muna and
Buton Districts (see
Figure 3.1).
Facilitated the making of

NRM maps: problems and
potentials;
Organized FGD involving
all community groups
(including women)
Conducted learning by doing
training and established
demonstration pilots and
Green Learning House/GLHs
Enhanced environmental
education for secondary
schools
Conducted environmental
awareness rising through
various media (manuals,
films etc.) and deliver
through My Darling Cars.
Outputs/Impacts/
Outcomes
Outputs: community had
better visions on natural
resources problems and
potential; many local
specific environmental
management smart
practices are available at
village level (demo-plots
and GLH).
Impacts: The established
demo-plots and GLH have
been replicated by villagers
using Green block-grants.
There are 158 green
sub-projects which have
replicated our demo-plots.
Success stories:
Biogas sub-projects
in Tana Toraja District
(Box 3.4)
CCB sub-projects in
Buton, Muna and
Kolaka Districts (Box
3.9).
Organic fertilizer
sub-projects in all
facilitation districts
(2.d.11).
Women groups
activities: Making
garbage plastic
handicraft (2d.18)
and making fish chips
cracker (2d.19)
Planting Gmelina
arborea (white teak)
sub-projects in Kolaka
(see Figure 3.1).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Facilitated community
to map natural resources
problems and potentials;
serial NRM focus group
discussion; facilitated
learning by doing capacity
building; invensive
facilitation and technical
assistainces
Activities
Outcomes: Several
key village champions
(KVC) become trainers of
their fellow villagers and
enable to mainstream
environmental
management smart
practices beyond original
project sites.
Success stories:
56
Strategy
Dr. Edi Purwanto
57
3. Adoption by regional
governments of
natural resources
governance issues
as an integral
part of the policy
development and
decision making
process
Strategy
Inclusion of relevant
stakeholders and relevant
agents at village and
(sub)-district level on
PNPM-Green planning,
implementation and
maintenances.
Activities
Conducted socialization and
coordination with relevant
agents at village and (sub)district level.
Facilitated monthly
stakeholders meeting at
district level
Involved all relevant
agents at village and (sub)district level to attend our
trainings and technical
assistances
Facilitated training
on village governance
on envrionemental
management for village
officials and setrawan
Supported RPJM-Des
training and facilitated the
inclusion of environmental
sub-projects in the
document.
Facilitated site visits of key
government officials and
parliaments on PNPM-Green
smart practices.
58
Outputs/Impacts/
Outcomes
Strategy
Activities
Outputs: Relevant
stakeholders awared on
PNPM-Green program and
its benefits for regional
development.
4. A sustainable
capacity among
both [PNPM]
facilitators
and [PNPM]
stakeholders
of all levels to
continue the
implementation of
locally driven green
development
investment
and to expand
its geographic
coverage to new are
Mainstreamed PNPMGreen smart practices at

local, regional and national
level through various
media and fora.
Facilitated Perdes
formulation to sustain
PNPM-Green sub-projects
maintenance and benefit
sharing mechanism
Facilitated maintenance of
post sub-project completion
(tree nplanting, solar
photovoltaic etc.)
Promoted successful subprojects to be funded by
other relevant projects
(PNPM-Exit Strategy).
Facilitated the formulation
of District Regulation (Perda)
on NR protection (Muna and
Wajo Districts).
Impacts: Established sense

of ownership to the PNPMGreen sub-projects
Outcomes: Local
government replicated
PNPM-Green smart
practices with their own
(APBD) funds.
Success stories:
Ecotourism subproject in Latugho
Village, Lawa, Muna
(Box 3.7)
CCB sub-projects
in Balabone,
Mawasangka, Buton
(Box 3.8)
Organic fertilizer subprojects in Dangia
Village, Ladongi,
Kolaka.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Outputs/Impacts/
Outcomes
Outputs: Some selected
sub-projects wellmaintained
Impacts: Well-maintained
sub-projects have started
to deliver environmental
services, such as:
mangrove planting, solar
photovoltaic, ecotourism,
tree planting for catchment
area rehabilitation etc.
Outcomes: Local
government adopted
PNPM-Green approaches
and smart practices to
enrich their regional
development strategy.
Success stories:
Biogas sub-projects
in Muna and Buton
Districts (Box 3.4).
Dr. Edi Purwanto
59
Chapter 4. Lessons Learned

4.1. Introduction
During project implementation, we faced many challenges and the associated responses
in the form of remedial actions. This topic have been well documented on the OWT
Quarterly Reports, we documented 40 challenges and remedial actions strategy.
This chapter aimed to highlight challenges and document them as Lessons Learned. We
only presented 18 out of 40 documented challenges and remedial actions in the Quarter
Reports. To have a detailed discussion on challenges and remedial actions the reader
can read serial OWT Quarterly Reports which can be visited on www.owt.or.id.
4.2. Challenges and Lessons Learned

4.2.1. Lesson Learned 1/2009: Environmental awareness should not only be targeted to
grass-root but also the elites at village and (sub) districts level

Mangrove rehabilitation planting in Bahari, Renda and Tampo Villages, Napabalano;
Oengkolaki, Banga, Tanailandu, Kanapa-napa and Terapung Villages, Mawasangka had
demonstrated the success of environmental awareness during the first year of pilot
program implementation. We conducted serial awareness prior to Village Planning Meeting
(Musdes Perencanaan) and MAD II. The awareness campaigns not only directed to the
hot spot sites but also the whole villages within pilot sub-district. We noted that our
awareness were successful in Napabalano and Mawasangka Sub-districts where mangrove
rehabilitation was selected as green sub-projects, but not in Sampolawa Sub-district
where mangrove rehabilitation issues failed to compete with physical restoration. We
noted the pressures of sub-district elites were outweighed the success of environmental
awareness at grass-root level.
4.2.2. Lesson learned No. 2/2009: Viability of green sub-projects are highly determined
by the availability of local resources

The cases frequently occurred on tree planting sub-projects. For the sake of respecting
local initiatives, GF was used to follow project beneficiaries proposals without giving
assessment/argument/recommendation on the feasibility of sub-project implementation.
For instance, local community need Rambutan planting materials for catchment areas
rehabilitation, while the seedlings were not available at local level. The seedlings then
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
61
brought from other areas, the long distance seedling transport had degraded its viability
which led to the poor survival rate of the plated rambutan. The cases were frequently
happened, the planting materials should ideally be developed by local community.
4.2.3. Lesson learned No. 3/2009: The success of tree planting sub-projects are sensitive
to season

The only planting activity which can be conducted on any season is mangrove. Tree
planting on terrestrial ecosystem should be conducted during wet season. Local community
and GF had been aware of the issues, but for fulfilling physical project achievements,
they forced to grow seedlings on the wrong season. The cases were again frequently
happened in many project plantings. To avoid the problems, we need a multi-year
block-grant administrative disbursement.
4.2.4. Lesson learned No. 4/2009: The need to consider number of sub-project beneficiaries

Related to Lesson Learned No.1, the strong voice of elites has led to the emergence of
sub-projects with little beneficiaries (less than 10 households). The number sub-project
of beneficiaries should become a hard screening for green sub-project proposal selection.
The role of Verification Team should be strong.
4.2.5. Lesson Learned No. 5/2009: Democratic ranking of sub-projects proposals are not
suitable for green program

The eligibility of funded sub-projects proposals are determined by voting of village
representatives during Inter-Village Meeting (MAD) II. This is a well-established rule
within Rural PNPM; however care should be taken to adopt the procedure on PNPMGreen. It is widely acknowledged that successful proposals are often highly determined
by the ability of key village representatives to persuade the neighbouring villages, based
on friendships or take and give mechanism rather than the urgency of environmental
rehabilitation. In many areas, the block-grant captures were dominated by four to six
villages having strong inter-villages negotiation power. Adopting the method to PNPMGreen was misleading. The villages having urgent environmental problems were frequently
overshadowed by less urgent environmental proposals.
4.2.6. Lesson Learned No. 6/2009: Avoid bidding for material procurement

Refer to Rural PNPM rule on project implementation that materials and equipment for
construction works having values more than 15 millions rupiah, if it is not available at
local level, can be procured through bidding process. The rule is clearly emphasized that
bidding is only conducted for the last resort. In many cases, any procurement materials
more than 15 million rupiah were directly conducted through bidding process. The
condition implied to open conflicts due to unfair benefit sharing among implementers.
There was also a case where communities have implemented the green sub-project using
their own resource at low cost and then claimed higher cost reimbursement from the
bid winner. Another case: community nursery group, which produced teak seedlings of
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
good quality were unable to sell the seedlings to their own village which received green
block grant to plant teak, since project implementers (for financial benefit) preferred to
purchase teak seedlings to supplier from other sub-district which had a higher price.
These practices had waste precious resources and distracted the spirits of community
empowerment for NRM.
4.2.7. Lesson learned No. 7/2009: Optimize the use green block-grant for action oriented
activities

Some community groups frequently preferred to use green block grant to organize
community trainings rather than actions oriented activities. As results, a big amount of
resources were spent up for training rather than practical actions. Training is useful if
it is designed as a prerequisite for actions, the core activity is the action and not the
training. Moreover, with the presence of CSO as a community training service providers,
the training should be handled by CSO.
4.2.8 Lesson Learned No. 8/2010: Green block grant should not be perceived as ordinary
village funding sources

Some PNPM actors perceived Green block grant as the ordinary source of village
funding rather than incentive to improve environmental condition and natural resource
management. Some sub-districts made gentlemen agreement to evenly distribute the
green block-grant to all villages. Each year, there were a particular number of villages
receiving Green block grant. As results, villages which had already received block-grant
had no interest to participate PNPM-Green process on the following years.
4.2.9 Lesson Learned 9/2010: The need to empower community roles on budget plans

Budget plans (RAB) in some villages were used to prepare by GF rather than TPK (green
sub-project implementer Team). At the beginning, such practice was driven with the
emergency condition; it was done to meet the deadline of fund disbursement. If FKL
relied on TPK, the RAB development would take longer. The situation underlined the
reason why FKL doing things beyond their job. The problem rooted down on one year
late start of the PNPM-Green, where the 2008s Green Block Grant was disbursed in 2009,
similarly with 2009s block-grant which was disbursed in 2010. The overall situation had
shifted the main tasks ofGF, from community facilitator to block-grant disbursement
facilitator. This led the position of GF on RAB development and project implementation
was central. In some cases RAB and the associated financial administration document
were treated as secret documents to project beneficiaries. The lack of transparency and
participation in defining RAB had driven to conflicts among project beneficiaries which
deteriorate the ownership spirits.
4.2.10. Lesson Learned 10/2010: The need to improve tree planting sub-projects
implementation

Dr. Edi Purwanto
63
About 70% of green block-grant was spent for tree planting. Based on problem-tree
analysis (November 2011), we generally identified five problem roots, which impacted
to the poor performance of tree planting sub projects: (a). Poor identification of
proposed planting site; (b). Plantings are sporadically distributed into small land holders
with unclear demarcation boundaries; (c). Seedlings/planting materials are bought from
outside village; (d). Lack of facilitation and technical assistance on planting preparation
and implementation; and; (e). Poor facilitation and technical assistance on maintenance.
We need rethinking the suitability of planting proposals within PNPM-Green, there were
so many source of moral hazard, such as: (a) the difference number between proposed
planting materials with real planted planting materials; (b) the difficulty to check how
large (the size area) they had really planted; (c) the high variation of planting materials
price from site to site; (d) the low seedlings survival on enrichment planting. Planting
proposals may only reasonable if the planting is conducted an open land which clearly
known the exact size area (m2). Development of community based nursery may be more
suitable than planting proposal.
4.2.11. Lesson Learned No. 11/2010: The need to allocate considerable fund for tree
planting sub-project maintenances

Most of the block-grant resource were invested for the planting activities and limited
for the maintenance. There are hardly maintenance activities of the newly planted
trees after hand-over meeting (MDST). The maintenance is required for any planting
activities, especially mangrove. It is to safeguard the fences of the planted mangrove
seedlings to prevent the flow of garbage during high tide and life-stock raids during low
tide. The growth of infant trees is often disturbed by garbage/rubbish. Big proportion
of fund certainly needs to be invested for the maintenance rather than planting as the
maintenance activity should take at least 2 years after planting.
4.2.12. Lesson Learned No. 12/20l0: The need to define the tasks of PNPM-Green
Management Team

The tasks of PNPM-Green maintenance (management) teams were similar with regular
PNPM, while the natures of the sub-projects were different. In many areas, Maintenance
Team was legally defined but with no reasonable funding support to implement the
tasks. Maintenance in PNPM-Green, in many cases, is much more important than the
establishment itself. The problem, there are always limited costs for maintenance activities
as most of the funding had been invested on the establishment phase. The maintenances
for planting tree seedlings (watering, replanting, manuring etc) ideally take for two years.
This will be a big job if the planting areas are large (say more than 2 ha) and the sites
are far away from their resident.
64
Dr. Edi Purwanto
4.2.13. Lesson Learned No. 13/20l0: The need to strengthen verification process of Green
Sub-projects proposals

Verification process is the most crucial step in the PNPM-Green, but the process often
conducted as a matter of formal practices. Different with physical, environmental subproject, this required a detailed and comprehensive verification. For planting sub-project:
(a) Where are the exact planting sites, how large the size (ha)? (b) What the status of
the land? (c) What kind of planting techniques to be applied? Planting on clear land or
enrichment planting? (c) What are the species; Is the species affects on environmental
improvement? Is the species light demanding and what will be the implication for planting
scheme? Have the seedlings already been available or going to be purchased from other
areas? (v) When the seedling is going to plant, associated with dry or wet season? etc
4.2.14 Lesson Learned No. 14/20l0: The need to link PNPM actors with the existing
village institutions.

Any village development projects should ideally strengthen local village institution such
as BPD and LPM. Instead of empowering the existing local village institution, PNPM
develops various ad-hoc project implementing bodies (PNPM actors) at village level,
such as TPU, TPK, and TP. The developed project implementing bodies, in many cases,
have no direct link with the existing local village institutions. Ideally TPU, TPK, TP should
be part or linked with LPM as village development implementing body, while BPD as
village legislative and supervisory body should supervise TPKs jobs. Training on writing
proposal, project implementation management etc. should be given to LPM and thereby
LPM formulated TPU and TPK Team. Training should also be given to BPD, so BPD can
develop a supervision team to control TPK. By doing this, the project have a strong
social control and empower local village institutions. The absence links between PNPM
actors and local village institutions led the project have no or little impacts on village
institution empowerment, poor social control and experience difficulties to maintain the
(Green) PNPM assets and benefits during post project. The mindset of PNPM program
formulated during the end of 1990s should be changed with the new development
paradigms.
4.2.15 Lesson Learned No. 15/2011: Enhancement of tree planting sub-project facilitation
during integration with regular development planning

Integration of PNPM-Green with regular development planning provided good opportunity
for tree planting project beneficiaries to develop their own tree nursery. We made use
the integration process to improve the quality of tree planting sub-projects facilitation.
As the Green block grant reached UPK account in mid May, 2012. As such, there had
been about four months toward planting activities scheduled in October 2012 (beginning
of wet season). The long time project implementation had enable project beneficiaries
to develop their own tree nursery.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
65
4.2.16. Lessons Learned No. 16/2012: The need to strengthen solar photovoltaic subprojects facilitations
have not yet been completed. To avoid hard exit, we maintain our presence in three
districts in South Sulawesi by maintaining the services of our key local staff (using our
own funding) at least until June, 30, 2012.
Solar photovoltaic (PLTS) sub-project started to emerge in 2010 and become widespread
during 2011, the benefits: (a) it operates on the freely available solar energy thus saving
the expenditure on electricity and fossil fuels; (b) No fear of power cuts; (c) It is trouble
free, pollution free and noise free, has a long life and is reliable; (d) Easy to handle and
operate; (e) Negligible cost of operation and maintenance. Each photovoltaic module
normally produces 50 150 Watt; this is used by 5 10 households. The problems:
(a) the absence of maintenance and technical facilitation from the contractors; (b) the
installation set-up, in many cases, were not properly done; (c) The LED lamps is like
a flash-light rather than house lamps; (d) The longer distance from the Solar Panel,
the lesser voltage and the weaker light; (e) Beneficiaries have poor skill to response
installation problems; (f) Poor access on spare-parts. Due to the problems, many PLTS
installation did not work well after several months. In response to the problem, we
delivered: training and technical assistance on solar photovoltaic operation to project
beneficiaries. We provided technical assistance on: (a) setting a new type of LED lamps
to make the light brighter and divergence; (b) In response to the voltage decline with
the longer distance from solar panels, we trained KVG to install different resistance, in
line with the voltage input, on each LED. By doing this, the brightness of LED lamps
is equal and independent on its distance to solar panel unit. We did not only deliver
training but also provided facilitation, technical assistance and procured all required
electronic materials.
4.2.17. Lesson Learned No. 17/2012: The need to clarify benefit sharing mechanism of
tree planting sub-projects

About 70% activities of PNPM-Green sub-project is tree planting on farmer land. As
such, farmers who own and manage their land have better position to access project
benefits compared to landless, while the main target of PNPM is landless (poor) farmers.
To avoid future conflicts during tree harvesting about ten to fifteen years later, benefit
sharing among project beneficiaries should be clarified in the form of village regulation.
4.2.18. Lesson Learned No. 18/2012: Efforts to avoid hard facilitation exit in South
Sulawesi.
It is different with SE Sulawesi; our facilitation in S Sulawesi was very short (6 months).
Three districts governments were surprised with our short facilitation. Yesterday, we
welcome you and now have to say good-bye to you told the Head of PMD Tana Toraja
and Assistant II of Wajo District Secretary. They had just been aware and started putting
great attention with our green initiatives and prepared more intensive engagement;
such as allocating District budget fund (APBD) to support green initiatives; unfortunately
our facilitation was terminated. Our presence was indeed quite short, but seemed to
be precious for them. The three district government have expected us to extent our
facilitation, while as a matter of fact, our facilitations in several areas or target groups
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
67
Chapter 5.
Conclusion and Outlook
5.1. Conclusions
5.1.1. We developed 14 types of IEC material, ranges from training modules (25 titles),
training manuals (7 titles), book (1 title), DVD film (26 titles), radio broadcast (5 tiles),
Posters (10 topics), Ballyhoo (4 types), Banners (8 topics), Leaflets (16 titles), Iron
campaign boards (9 types), stickers (7 types), T-Shirts (3 model). We also published and
distributed three editions of Lestari Desaku magazines. Total direct beneficiaries of the
IEC are 30,000 people.
5.1.2. With reference to the results of KAP survey conducted at the beginning of the
program, we designed most community training on the basis of learning by doing
(emphasis on practical work) principle. Trainings were not conducted in the class but directly
doing the jobs on the field. During the course of the program in SE Sulawesi Province
(60 months), there were 13,451 male, 7,429 female and 4,284 youth have joined our
environmental trainings at village and sub-district level. The level of women participation
is 36%. While during 6 months facilitation in S Sulawesi, there were 4794 male and 2857
female attended our environmental training. The level of women participation is 37 %.
5.1.3. We believed that sustainable environmental initiatives can only be achieved when
enable to open new opportunities to local community livelihoods. NRM and RE initiatives
will only be sustainable if they can enhance IGA or reduce poor household expenditure.
Accordingly, we inspired and facilitated local community to develop innovative sub-projects
which do not only benefit for environment but also supported site-specific livelihoods
development. We developed 21 types of demo-plots: (a) mangrove rehabilitation; (b)
catchment area rehabilitation and ecotourism development; (c) recharge wells; (d) fruit
and cash crops planting; (e) energy saving stove; (f) cashew processing; (g) mangrove
crab fattening; (h) virgin coconut oil (VCO); (i) fish aggregating device; (j) biogas; (k)
organic fertilizer; (l) coconut shell charcoal briquette (CCB); (m) portable solar drier;
(n) honey-bee culture; (o) king oyster mushroom; (p) straw mushroom; (q) vegetative
propagation; (r) plastic waste handicraft; (s) fish chips home-industry; (t) conversion of
generator fuel from benzene to gas; (u) garbage Bank. In SE Sulawesi, we established
31 demo-plots in Buton District, 17 in Muna and 19 in Kolaka Districts. In S Sulawesi,
we established 7 demo-plots in Maros, 36 in Wajo and 7 in Tana Toraja Districts.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
69
5.1.4. The main target groups of awareness rising activities were community at (sub)
village level. It was mainly conducted through: (a) FGD involving 10 - 15 KVC; (b)
Installed posters at strategic sites; (c) distributed leaflet; (d) cross-visits to demo-plots
and GLH; (e) film screening and interactive dialogs at sub-village level during the night
using My Darling (environmental awareness) car. During the course of the program in
SE Sulawesi Province (60 months), there were 16,409 male, 10,160 female and 5,851
youth have become direct beneficiaries of our environmental awareness program at
village and sub-district level. The level of women participation is 38 %. While during 6
months facilitation in S Sulawesi Province, there were 7,522 male and 5,395 female and
1,432 youth have become direct beneficiaries of our environmental awareness. The level
of women participation is 42 %.
5.1.5. There were 397 green sub-projects disbursed in SE Sulawesi Province during 5 years
(2008-2012). 158 or 40 % of them were the replication of our demo-plots/GLH. Among
8 sub-districts facilitation areas in SE Sulawesi Province, numbers of OWT demo-pilots
replication into Green Block-grant sub-projects have been mostly occurred in Ladongi
and Pasarwajo Sub-districts; where OWT operated field office in those sub-districts. The
establishment of field office at sub-district level enabled us to provide intensive technical
assistances and facilitations. We equipped our office with various demonstration pilots,
such as tree nursery, mushroom cultivation and display of many awareness products. We
also used the office as a Green-shop or Warung Lingkungan, which sell green products
produced by farmers and also become show-windows for other farmers. The field office
had become a rural community training centre, people gathering site, to discuss various
environmental and livelihoods issues.
5.1.6. The green sub-projects in SE Sulawesi were dominated by tree planting. The most
preference tree species for Buton and Muna Districts is Jati or teak (Tectona grandis).The
areas which are dominated by limestone and marl substrates are highly suitable for the
growth of teak forest plantation. Teak is known in Munanese as Kuli Dava, meaning as
timbers from Java Island. During 19th century, Dutch Government brought teak seeds and
Javanese labours to cultivate teak in Muna and Buton Islands. Unfortunately, the wellknown Muna teak, having similar quality with Java teak, in which the forest plantation
areas covers about 50% of the Island, has been logged during the last decade. Realizing
the high price of teak timbers, now Muna and Buton people are keen to plant teak. Many
rich people have invested the money by planting teak. The most preference tree species
in Kolaka District is Jati Putih (white teak) or Gmelina arborea. Agro-climatologically
speaking, Kolaka is more suitable for intensive agriculture compared to Buton and Muna.
Kolaka has deep and fertile soil. The indigenous tribe in Kolaka (Tolaki) relies on their
livelihoods on agroforestry development. In 1970s, many migrants from Bali and Java
come to develop irrigated rice field on gentle and flat areas, after 1990s, many migrants
from Bugis come to develop cacao plantation.Traditionally, people develop pepper based
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
5.1.7. The critical issues for tree planting is the presence of intensive maintenance, since
2010, we selected 5-6 villages on each sub-districts to receive tree planting maintenance.
The tree planting maintenances were composed of the following: (a) facilitated replanting
about 2 months after planting; (b) facilitated the making of organic fertilizer (Bokashi)
and its application; (c) facilitated regular (every two months) weeding and soil tillage
surrounding the planted trees. Such event is organized in association with regular village
voluntary working day. This facilitation is important, since after hand-over meeting (MDST),
limited PNPM-Green actors and facilitators who care the fate of Green investment.
5.2. Outlooks
5.2.1. Roles of CSO on the past Green program: Our experience showed that the roles of
CSO grew from environmental training and awareness providers (as originally designed),
during the course of project implementation, had been developing to cover technical
assistances and facilitation of project beneficiaries from preparation, implementation and
maintenance of the green sub-projects. The last two tasks, by design, were expected
as the tasks of GF, however in most cases they were unable to tacke the jobs, due to
capacity and time constrains.
5.2.2. Roles of CSO on future Green program: The most critical part of the green project
is how to design the site specific green activities which highly suitable with local specific
need. The failure on defining local community needs on green activities had led to the
dominance of tree planting sub-projects on many pilot sites. In many cases, planting
trees seedlings had become the easy, simple and logic reasons to use the green block
grant, while many other green activities were actually opened. In some pilot areas, such
as in Tana Toraja District, planting trees still become a dominant sub-projects while
there have been little space to plant trees. Green sub-projects, in many cases have been
simplified as planting trees. Green technical assistance were highly needed in this program,
unfortunately many positions with green and environmental titles have poor capacity on
green program. As a matter of fact recruitment of environmental specialist position in
a big numbers were not easy, as environment is a wide disciplines, while environment
technical skill is not easily upgraded through short trainings. Given the conditions, green
technical assistance may well-fit to be handled by CSOs, especially those who had long
track records on grass-root community empowerment in green activities.
5.2.3. Local CSOs or CBOs? The ideas to involve local CSOs as the way to sustain
green initiatives were frequently not confounded on the actual life. It is true that we
need the strong roles of local champions/organizations to sustain green sub-projects. Are
those local CSOs? Yes, if CSOs are respected by local community with proven long tract
records. Many local CSOs have weak experience and ground basis. At the absence of
proper local CSOs, the program can use local CBO, such as KVC, farmer group, forest
farmer group, women groups etc.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
71
5.2.4. Problems on Greening PNPM Rural in the past: PNPM-Green as a window within
PNPM-Rural is ideally well-integrated within PNPM-Rural house. The problem, PNPM-Green
which aimed to support PNPM-Rural was considered as completely different program by
PNPM-Rural. PNPM-Green was designed as a new program, rather than a sub-program
under PNPM-Rural. PNPM-Green established their own National Management Consultant
and facilitators but little efforts to synchronize working relations, role and responsibilities
among actors at centre level (Jakarta) down to grass root level. The failure to build
a solid institutional arrangement at centre level had affected to the weak integration
among projects actors at grass-root level.
5.2.5. Greening PNPM-Rural: Green sub-projects should be clearly defined in the PNPMRural PTO.
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
Appendices
Dr. Edi Purwanto
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Appendix 1: Beneficiary Success Stories

1.
Solar Panel in Pewutaa Village, Baula, Kolaka (Success Story No. 1/2011)

In 2010, one of the villages in Kecamatan Baula received three units of solar panel
installation for 30 household users; ten households share one unit. The green sub-project
block-grant was proposed by the villagers due to the faraway distance with the electricity
pole. Ms. Sumiati is as one of the beneficiaries, she is a widow with four children and
two grand children, she has been long waiting the state electricity to reach her house,
and she is very gratitude to have been targeted as beneficiaries of Green PNPM block
grant. She is now are able to bundle vegetable and make cake early morning for sale
to support her livelihood. She expects that the solar panel will be sustainably managed
so that she would no longer use kerosene for lighting.

2. Mangrove Rehabilitation from Haji Muhammad in Bahari, Napabalano,
Muna (Success Story No. 2/2011)

Bahari Village received block grant for mangrove rehabilitation during 2008, the proposal
idea was initiated by Haji Muhammad, the key village champion who aware on the
importance of mangrove plantation to maintain ecosystem and livelihood. He used to
become a staff of Muna NGO (Yayasan Sama). From his past experience on mangrove
rehabilitation, he motivated local communities to plant mangrove with Green block grant
support. Since 2008, the coastal communities feel that fish and crab population are
rising. In general, local community in Bahari is optimistic that the mangrove plantation
has benefit to them, they have planned to encourage other villages to plant mangrove.
For protection purposes, they have started to develop village regulation. As the impact,
Renda Village, the neighbor which experiences rapid mangrove deforestation has started
to plant mangrove by their own initiative.

3.
Spring Water Rehabilitation in Awainulu Village, Pasarwajo, Buton (Success
Story No. 3/2011)

Awainulu Village received block-grant 2008 to build dam (dyke) aimed at retaining sea
intrusion to the spring water which become the main source of fresh water (drinking,
washing) source of the coastal villagers. During the rainy season the spring were often
contaminated by overland flow (run-off) due to the absence of drainage. The villagers
also had a bad sanitation which contaminates the spring. The rehabilitation measures
have made the spring environment tidy and clean. The village has developed Village
Regulation (Perdes) to protect the spring. Our awareness campaigns have successfully
changed local community attitude, they are no longer throwing garbage around the
spring and the washing space has been separated to avoid detergent pollutant.

Dr. Edi Purwanto
77
4.
Coastal dyke development in Gerak Makmur Village, Sampolawa, Buton (Success

Story No. 4/2011)

Gerak Makmur Village received Green PNPM block grant 2008 to develop coastal dyke
sub-project. The underlined reason is to protect sub-district market building (built with
Rural PNPM in 2005) which was threatened by abrasion. The dyke constructions have
effectively stopped the problem. Apart from protecting the market from abrasion,
the construction is also used by community as a place land and sells fishes. For the
maintenance reason, the village government has developed Village Regulation to collect
retribution of 500 IDR per individual at each market day.

5.
Mangrove Rehabilitation in Mawasangka Village, Mawasangka, Buton (Success
Story No. 5/2011)

The sub-project was implemented in 2008 as result of OWT awareness campaigns on
mangrove forest rehabilitation. From 6 villages (Oengkolaki, Tanailandu, Banga, Kanapanapa, Terapung and Mawasangka) which implemented the same sub-project, only
Mawasangka community who successfully maintain the highest percentage of mangrove
survival (95%). Now, the mangrove (Rhizopora sp) plantation has reached two meters
height. The key success is on the maintenance and this is highly dependent on the social
capacity. For the case of Mawasangka Village, local community conduct regular voluntary
work to clean marine garbage which often hamper the growth of mangrove sapling.

6.
Smart Practice House (SPH) at Gunung Sejuk, Sampolawa, Buton Success
Story No. 6/2011)

The village received block grant 2010 (IDR 125 million) to rehabilitate Laloya Spring water
and natural forest surrounding the area for ecotourism site. The developed ecotourism site
will be potentially visited by many guests considering the site is very near from Baubau
Town. Understanding this, we facilitated the establishment of SPH on the ecotourism site.
The SPH is made of wooden construction (size: 5 x 5 m2). We set library in the SPH,
which is composed of environmental books, awareness materials (posters, leaflets and
banners) and local business products (CCB, organic fertilizer, VCO, Nentu handicraft). We
developed tree nursery on the SPH. We also developed and installed information boards
outlining the ecological roles of several protected indigenous wildlife species (Buton
macaque, hornbill etc.) to maintain ecosystem in the area. The SPH has multi-functions,
as a meeting place and information center of the ecotourism areas. We handed over the
management of the learning house to the Village Government, Women, and Youth Group.

7.
Wa Nadia a women champion from, Lalemba, Lawa, Muna (Success Story
No. 7/2011)

Since 2008, Wa Nadia (women, 30 year) has initiated to develop village nursery in
Lalemba Village involving 12 housewives in her village. So far, the nursery has developed
180,000 teak seedlings and used to supply teak seedlings demand of all trees planting
sub-project in Lawa sub-district and surrounding areas.
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Dr. Edi Purwanto
8.
Zainuddin Mariuddin a key champion from Lahontohe, Tongkuno, Muna (Success

Story No. 8/2011)

To many biogas (as we familiar now) is marginally suitable for PNPM-Green. The main
underlined reason is the limited households user of one installation. One biogas may
be able to use one or maximum three beneficiaries households. We try to reverse the
common though by making biogas residue to become liquid fertilizer. One biogas, which
digester capacity of 1200 liter, can produce 15 liter residue a day1. The residue is then
mixed with water (ratio 1 to 2 during wet season and 1 to 3 during dry season). As such,
one biogas can produce 45 liter of liquid fertilizer a day. The frequency of fertilization
is twice a month, while one liter liquid fertilizer can be spray 4 vegetable crops or 2
tree seedlings. Based on this fact, one can calculate how much the multiplier effects
of biogas. Based on our experience in Lahontohe Village, one biogas can supply liquid
fertilizer for 131 farmers. The use of organic fertilizer can raised 40% of vegetable crop
production and extent fruiting season from 4 to 6 months!
Pak Zainuddin is the champion behind the success adoption of the liquid fertilizer
development. His effort to develop liquid fertilizer out of biogas disposal has increased
vegetables production in his village. There are 165 farmers who have been relying on
his biogas disposal. The BPMD (Rural Community Empowerment Agency) sent him to
represent Muna District on the National Appropriate Technology Exhibition which was
held in Kendari (October 12 16, 2011)

9.
Pak Lanu, beneficiary of tree planting sub-project in Jaya Bakti Village,
Sampolawa Sub-District, Buton (Success Story No. 9/2011)

Driven by its geological condition, the key environmental issue of the village (as the case
of many villages in Buton and Muna Islands) is lack of water and declining its availability
due to land-cover changes. Local community in the area normally spends several hours
a day to collect clean water from springs. In 1990s, CARE developed water infrastructure
to shorten the distance between the sources of water to housing areas. CARE installed
galvanized metal pipe network to channel clean water by gravitation. Up till now, CARE
installation still works well, however the dependable spring discharge continuously decline
due to massive conversion of natural forest to rainfed agriculture. The worst condition is
during long dry season like now. After limited rainfall for about 5 months, many streams
are dried-up. The situation has occurred since many years ago.
In response to the problem, OWT puts its environmental awareness emphasis on catchment
areas restoration through vegetative planting. We have stimulated local community to
plant trees as environmental restoration and source of livelihoods. In 2009 and 2010,
Jaya Bakti Village proposed planting trees sub-project. They received block-grant 108
million rupiah to plant Sengon (Albizia falcataria) seedlings (18,334 seedlings) for 24 poor
household, while in 2010 received 84 million rupiah to plant Mahoni (Swietenia mahagony)
for 29 poor households. Pak Lamiu is one of the beneficiaries, he planted seedlings to
rehabilitate areas surrounding Makolona spring water, 1 ha Sengon in 2009 and another
1
5000 liter digester can produce 50-60 litres residue a day.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
79
1 ha Mahoni in 2010. The seedlings come from farmer groups of the neighboring village
who received OWT technical assistance on nursery development. In response to the
declining spring discharge, in 2010, Rural PNPM delivered block-grant to build water
capture in Makolona spring water.

10. Gunung Sejuk Villagers, beneficiary of ecotourism, Sampolawa, Buton (Success
Story No. 10/2011)

Local community mainly uses the Laloya spring water for bathing, washing and water
extraction for domestic and commercial use. The key environmental issues were poor
protection, maintenance and uncontrolled water extraction. The whole landscape and
water resource has many precious values for ecotourism development. The underlined
reasons: (a) The presence of natural forest (Hutan Lakompa, about 8000 ha) which has
been defined by Laporo ethnic as a customary forest2 (hutan adat ); (b) iHigh spring
water discharge (6 liter/second); (c) Good accessibility: located on the main roads of
Sampolawa-Batauga-Pasarwajo-Baubau; (d) Comfortable micro-climate; (e) Landscape
beauty; (f) Habitat of South Buton flagship species: Hornbill (Julang Sulawesi, Burung
Halo, Aceros cassidic), Buton macaque (Andoke, Macaca ochreata brunescens), Tarsius
(Tangkasi, Tarsius sp), Kuskus (Phalanger ursinus) and Civet (Musang Tenggalung/Viverra
tanggalunga). Until 2009, no regulation to control large scale water extraction and no
efforts to maintain clean environment in the spring water and surrounding. There is
some refill mineral water (Al Kautzar, Tirta Agung, Tirta Segar and Dian) which use the
spring water. The water also used by several villages (Sandang-Pangan, Hendea and
Tira) and surrounding sub-districts. Considering its precious resource, since the start of
PNPM-Green, OWT has stimulated villagers to rehabilitate spring water and to a certain
extent facilitated water extraction regulation.
In 2010, Gunung Sejuk Village proposed ecotourism sub-project, this consisted of concrete
embankment of spring water and construction of ecotourism facilities. The village received
block grant 110 million rupiah. To add the value of ecotourism site, OWT facilitated the
establishment of wooden house for library and information center. The smart practice
house (SPH) is made of wood construction (size: 5x5 m2). Now, the house has been
used for student library, women/farmers group and sub-village meetings. The area is
deserved further sustainable development.

11.
Gusi-Gusi, nursery women group from Waangu-Wangu, Pasarwajo, Buton
(Success Story No. 11/2011)

The key weakness of tree planting sub-project in many areas is failure to stimulate local
community spirits to develop their own tree nursery. Considering this, since 2008, OWT
has delivered training, awareness, technical assistance and facilitation on the development
of community based tree nursery. The objectives of this facilitation are to: (a) raise the
capacity of local community to produce good quality planting materials; (b) shorten the
80
distance between the sources of planting materials and planting areas; (c) strengthen
ownership of the planted trees; (d) use tree nursery as income generating activity; (e)
develop spirit of independence (mandiri).
Understanding, the importance of vegetative rehabilitation and lack of local capacity
on vegetative propagation, in 2008, we conducted training on nursery development
in Kahulungaya Village (Pak Zakaria garden). The training was attended by key village
champions (KCV) representatives of 20 villages in Pasarwajo. Pak Lahuma is one who
interest to develop nursery in his village. We followed-up training at Pak Lahuma garden
involving local KVC. The training is followed by intensive facilitation on Mahoni and
Rambutan3 (Nephelium lapacheum) nursery development. Considering the active women
participants, then we facilitated the establishment of women nursery group, named GusiGusi, headed up by Bu Lahuma. Apart from intensive technical assistance we supported
seedlings, poly-bags, high quality seeds and organic fertilizers on the pilot site.
On 2009, Waangu-Wangu village received block-grant of 51 million to plant mahoni
(15,625 seedlings), this was fully supplied by Gusi-Gusi women group. In 2010, WaanguWangu received another 46 million block-grant to plant Rambutan (5,148 seedlings), this
was again fully supplied by the group. At the same year, the group sold 13,000 Mahoni
seedlings to Lapodi Village. At present, the group only has 4,000 mahoni seedlings (from
last year), which has been allocated for Waangu-Wangu planting in 2011. This year, the
group also received order from Buton District Forestry Office.

12. Kaluku Lestari, VCO women group from Mawasangka, Buton (Success Story
No. 12/2011)

Kaluku Lestari has been successful to produce and market large numbers of VCO products.
The group has enabled to produce and market 8-10 liter VCO per week.
Mawasangka is area which blessed with large coconut (Cocos nucifera Linneaus) plantation.
A massive strip of coconut plantation dominated its relatively deep coastal line. The
remaining landscape is dominated by coral stone which is marginal for rainfed agriculture.
Until 2008, local community only sells coconut fruits; no other derivative products from
coconut which is popularly known as tree of life (because of its wide-ranging uses).
Pak Lasamira (Head of Farmers Union Group/Gapoktan Tunas Lestari) is a pioneer on
VCO making in Mawasangka. Since 2009, he has used a small space in his house to
produce VCO. In October 2010, with our support, his VCO production received health
certification from National Food and Medicines Supervision Agency (Badan POM). We
also improved the packaging (from mineral water waste to sterile bottle); we also provide
labeling and help to market and promote the products at local and regional level.
Legally it is protection forest (state forest area).

Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
81
VCO home industries provided significant added value and good opportunities for income
generation. One old coconut produces about 130 ml VCO, the normal price is Rp. 25,000,
while the local price of one old coconut is only Rp. 2,000. In response to the great
interest of women to create income generation while they can remain stay at home; we
facilitated the establishment of VCO women group, named Kaluku Lestari. Kaluku means
coconut in local language. The group is composed of 25 household wives. The benefits
of VCO group, as opposed of individual home industry are: (a) possible enforcement of
product standardization; (b) avoid unhealthy competition among households; (c) greater
opportunity to access capital. The main challenge on community enterprise facilitation is
working ethic building. Why this is important? The basic enterprise (industrial) attributes
(including VCO making) is a culture that includes principles and values of discipline and
honesty, while the major weakness of community-based enterprises is lack of discipline
and honesty. People are not used to strict standard operating procedures (SOPs). Due to
a relaxed mood or laziness, short cuts in work procedures may occur which negatively
impacts to the end quality of VCO product. Such facilitation will take longer than just
training on VCO processing.
So far, our facilitations are composed of: (a) Strengthen the institution; (b) training on
administration and management; (c) support equipment for VCO processing; (d) packaging
and labeling; (e) enhance market access. The women group is now ready to apply Rural
PNPM schemes (SPP or Green-block grant) to enhance the capital.

13.
Bu Salamah: Key champion of garbage plastic handicraft makers from Saragih,
Pasarwajo, Buton (Success Story No. 13/2011)

In 2010, we visited Rumah Boemi Sukunan Village, Yogyakarta, where we learned how
plastic garbage of various products can be changed into beautiful handicraft, mostly in the
form of plastic bags. During early 2011, we facilitated training on handicraft making from
plastic garbage on several women groups (PKK) in Pasarwajo. This training had awakened
awareness toward garbage management and use. We presented the garbage route from
market, home and finally to the landfill, the impact of poor garbage management and
demonstrating best practices of garbage management in Sukunan Village, Yogyakarta.
Bu Salamah representing women group of Saragih Village expressed their enthusiasm to
receive our further facilitation. We facilitated the establishment of women group, named
Rewu Lestari, rewu means garbage in local language. They sort garbage and encourage
their neighbor to do garbage sorting. So far, the group has already produced more than
200 handicrafts and able to sell in local market. We have stimulated the production by
giving order to develop bags for our training workshop, provided 4 sewing machines and
promote their products at district and regional level. The group is expected to receive
Rural PNPM women credit (SPP) to enhance the capital.

14. Pak Zakaria: Key farmers and environmental hero from Pasarwajo, Buton
(Success Story No. 14/2011)

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Dr. Edi Purwanto
Identification and selection of Key Village Champions (KVC) is central for project success.
The same inputs and approach will output different impacts when we involve the right
KCV. Much local wisdom, smart practices, good farmers attitudes are readily adopted
from project areas without reinvent the wheel.
Pak Zakaria is one of our KVC in Pasarwajo; he is a good famer and environmental hero
model, he only manages 2 ha home-garden, but able to plant about 300 coconut trees.
The severe pig raids have led planting coconut in Buton Island laborious. In return of his
long and painstakingly investment, he is now able to harvest at least 100 coconut fruits
per day. His motto: Do not expect to harvest if you never plant; Any one should be
able to plant two (tree) seedlings a day.
In 2008, we met Pak Zakaria and since then we used his home garden as field learning
house for PNPM-Green actors. Several KPMD, farmer-to-farmers visit and facilitators
training have been occurred in his resident. We trained Pak Zakaria on organic fertilizer,
facilitated the establishment of Bokashi house, the use of liquid fertilizer from biogas
residue (installed in his neighboring village/Kancinaa Village), support poly-bags and high
quality seeds for his nursery.
In 2009, we facilitated the development of Buah Lestari farmer group. We trained the
group on vegetative propagation. The farmer group has sold high quality (grafted) fruit
tree seedlings such as Duku, Durian, Salak and Sukun to government and PNPM-Green
Project.

15. Kaluku Harapan: CCB community enterprise from Mawasangka, Buton (Success
Story No. 15/2011)

As an impact of our training and awareness on the making and use of Coconut Shell
Charcoal Bricquette (CCB) in Mawasangka Sub-district, Community economic institution
(Lembaga Ekonomi Masyarakat/LEM Sejahtera) of Balabone Village proposed and
successfully received Green-block grant (2010) 188 million rupiah to procure CCB machine
and construct the production house. Unfortunately, there was an internal conflict among
PNPM-Green actors at village level which hamper the follow-up operation. The LEM also
has no capital to conduct initial production, as all the PNPM-Green block grant was spentup for CCB machine and production house. In response to the problem and our great
concern to support community based renewable energy production, we facilitated: (a)
conflict resolution among the PNPM-Green beneficiaries at village level; (b) strengthen the
economic institution (LEM Sejahtera); (c) Facilitate the initial production; (d) Promotion
and marketing of the products at local and regional level.
CCB is a potential alternative energy at local level especially in the area such as Mawasangka
which often experience scarcity of kerosene and lack of fuelwood. The price of kerosene
at local level ranges from Rp. 6,000 10,000. Household demand on average 1.5 liters
or Rp. 9,000 15,000. The local price of CCB is only Rp. 4,000 per kilogram (8 10
pieces). On average one family require 1 - 1.5 kg per day or Rp. 4000 6,000. The
Dr. Edi Purwanto
83
uses of CCB also have many other benefits: (a) less smokes; (b) cleans kitchen utensil;
(c) abundance raw materials; (d) minimize fuel wood consumption. With our facilitation,
since August 2011, LEM Sejahtera has sell CCB to surrounding villages.

16. Local Initiatives to replicated Rumpon, Oempu (Muna) and Gumanano (Buton),
Success Story No. 16/2012

The destruction of costal ecosystem, such as coral reef, mangrove and sea-grass beds
has declined the capacity and functional roles of coastal areas as the source of income
generating activities. Fishers are forced to go far away out of the coastal line to catch
fishes. The roles of mangrove and coral reef are as shelter, nursery and feeding ground.
At the absence of the key supporting life system, fishers can build Rumpon as artificial
method to restore the roles of those ecosystems. Rumpon is a fish aggregating device
which provides shelter for small fishes which often also attract big fishes. Rumpon
is made of wooden platform (5 x 5 m) anchored on big stone. To keep the platform
floating, a plastic drum (200 liters) is attached on each of the corner. Several bunch
of coconut leaves then attached on the platform which function as shelter and to a
certain extent a nursery ground of small fishes. The cost to make and install Rumpon
is about 3 millions. In response to destruction of coastal ecosystem and the absence of
fish aggregating device, in December 2011, we initiated to establish Rumpon at Oempu
Village (see Photo A.3.6). The initiative was highly supported by Key Village champions.
In fact, the device has functioned well and provided positive impacts to local fishers.
Every morning and afternoon, many fishers fish small fishes surrounding the Rumpon.
The coughed fishes are used to fish a big pelagic fishes; however they often catch big
fishes in the Rumpon site. The initiative has inspired Oempu Village to propose Rumpon
sub-project to be funded by 2012 Green-Block grant. In March 2012, we presented the
initiatives in the District Musrenbang, and the ideas have been adopted by Muna District
Fishery Agency. Gumanano Village, Mawasangka (Buton) which received 2009 blockgrant to establish two Rumpon has successfully replicated three other Rumpon using
2010 District Block-Grant (ADD).

17.
PNPM-Green has successfully stimulated local community to plant tree crops,
Ladongi, Kolaka (Success Story No. 17/2012)

The population in Ladongi Sub-district (Kolaka) is dominated by transmigrant from
South Sulawesi (Bugis), Java (Javanese and Sundanese) and Bali (Balinese). Land-use
in Ladongi is dominated by semi-irrigated agriculture (sawah) for the low-land terrain,
while the upland terrain (rainfed land areas) is dominated by cacao and pepper based
cropping system, such as: (a) Cacao (planting space: 3 x 4 m2) intercropped with Nilam
(Pogostemon cabin); (b) Mrica (pepper) grows in Gamal tree (planting space 3 x 2.5
m2); (c) Coconut (planting space 10 x 10 m2) intercropped with cacao (3x4 m2) and
Nilam. The dominance crop is Cacao and Nilam.
The PNPM-Green, our intensive awareness program, has successfully stimulated local
community to grow tree crops and has significantly changed the existing cropping pattern.
Since 2009, local community has started to plant (a) Jati Putih (Gmelina arborea), (b) Jati/
Teak (Tectona grandis);(c) Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) and (d) Durian (Durio cibetinus).
The most preference tree crop is Jati Putih. This can be illustrated on the funded block
grant during 2010, where 80% of block-grant is used to plant Jati Putih;
Jati Putih has replaced Gamal (Gliricidae) as the dominant shelter crop in the past. Jati
Putih, similar with Gamal, is a fast growing species, however. Jati Putih has a better
timber quality (enable to use for construction after 6-7 years) rather than Gamal which
is basically fuel-woods. Jati Putih is similar with Gamal can grows after coppicing (cutting
trees by leaving the roots). Both are good to be intercropped with Cacao as a shelter
crop. Local community also likes to intercrop Cacao with Durian, especially in the old
cacao where the productivity has been declined.
18. Biogas replication in Muna and Buton Districts (Success Story No.
21/2012)

The acronym of major agriculture commodities in Muna District known as SarungMekah (Sapi, Rumput-Laut, and Jagung, Mete, Kayu dan Hasil Hutan/Cows, Seaweed,
Maize, Cashew, Timbers and forest products). Unfortunately cows in Muna are not put
in the cage (tidak dikandangkan), the implications: (a) the meat production is poor due
to uncontrolled diet; (b) the dung and urine are not used; (c) cows in some places raid
agriculture crops4; (d) environmental and health problems (due to the widespread of
cows dung). The key efforts to control the problem are to cage cows. However, it is
not easy as this is related with culture. One effort toward cows caging road program
can be reached through biogas. In our view, biogas can be a potential driver for natural
resource management practices at famer level. By using biogas, farmer will: (a) cage
their cattle; (b) using the dung for biogas and possibly the urine for liquid fertilizer; (c)
use small scale biogas for cooking and light, while large scale biogas as engine fuel;
(d) use the biogas slurry (waste) for liquid fertilizer. The produced fertilizer can raise
the growth of annual and perennial cash/tree crops. The organic wastes of cash crops
can be used as the source of fodder and concentrate to improve caged cattle diet; (e)
improve environment; (f) reduce the domestic expenditure.
With the above thoughts in mind, we were keen to introduce biogas in Muna District.
The first step was to find the right KVC, this is important as the performance of biogas
installation is dependent on its maintenance. The KVC is Pak Zainuddin, a Setrawan
(Civil Servant Facilitator of Tongkuno Sub-district). We installed the first biogas at Pak
Zainuddin house, Lahontohe Village, Tongkuno which is the first biogas in Muna District.
Pak Zainuddin actively promoted the use of biogas slurry for liquid fertilizer, since March
2011, with OWT support; he let hundreds of farmers within and beyond Tongkuno sub4
The failure of mangrove planting in Tampo Village, Napabalano, Muna (funded by PNPM-Green block-grant
2008) was due to cows raids.
84
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
85
district, to use his biogas slurry for liquid fertilizer. The fertilizer is also used to fertilize
tree planting campaign funded by PNPM-Green 2010 and 2011. Recently, we sent the
liquid fertilizer produced out of biogas slurry to be analyzed its chemical content in the
Faculty of Agriculture Haluoleo University.
Together with Pak Zainuddin, we promoted the biogas smart practices to other PNPMGreen actors and stakeholders through sub-district workshop, semi-loka (workshop)
organized by SKPD and OWT organized the site visit of DPRD to PNPM-Green smart
practices etc. Similar activities were also conducted in Buton and Kolaka. As a results,
there are numbers of replication of biogas in Muna and Buton, and possibly also in
Kolaka: (a) Muna District Environment Agency built 5 biogas demo-plots; (b) Buton
District Agriculture Agency built 2 biogas demo-plots; (c) PNPM-Green block-grant
funded the instillation of 11 unit biogas in Lawa Sub-district (2011) and 2 unit biogas in
Tongkuno Sub-district (2012); (d) ANTAM (State owned enterprise for Nickel mining in
Kolaka) has committed 4 billion (Rp) to grant cows to farmer-group and Islamic boarding
school, including the cost to install biogas.

19. Lights break the darkness of Tanjung Village: solar photovoltaic sub-project in
the remote village (Success story No. 22/2012)

Tanjung Village is a poor and remote coastal village in Tongkuno Sub-District (Muna).
The village is located in the boundary areas between Buton and Muna District. In
1980, Lakapera Villagers (Buton) cultivated empty land in Oempu Village (Muna). As the
population grew, while the area was far away from the center village (Oempu Village,
Muna), then in 1999 (during reformation) the villagers developed a new village, partitioned
from Oempu which is called Tanjung Village. In 2010, driven by the limited Muna District
government program which ever reach the village; Tanjung villagers intended to merge
with Buton rather than Muna. The case has driven conflicts among villagers and also
with Muna Government. As results, in 2010, most of migrants villagers left Tanjung
and returned to the original Village (Lakapera Village, Buton). The remaining Tanjung
resident, after conflicts were 15 households whom they all were originated from Oempu
Village. Understanding the limited village resource and technical assistance, since 2011
we provided environmental awareness in the village. We inspired villagers to install solar
photovoltaic. After discussion with Sub-District Head and all village heads in Tongkuno
Sub-district about the urgency of Tanjung Village assistance, the sub-project proposal
enable to pass MAD-II and as results lights have finally hits the village. There are 8
unit solar photovoltaic installed in the village and used by 15 poor households (50 WP,
20 Ampere battery). The installation is parallel, by which one solar panel is used by 2
households. Every house uses two lamps, 15 watt each with 9 hours light duration a
day. The lights, although unable to use for television and radio has enabled to support
their livelihoods, especially to manage their seaweed during the night.

20. Replication of CCB home industries by 2012 PNPM-Green in Muna District
(Success story No. 23/2012)

86
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Since 2011, we intensively campaign the benefits of CCB for cooking. We used to bring
stove and demonstrate how to use CCB on daily cooking. Our intensive campaigns on
CCB have inspired Lakologou Village/Tongkuno Sub-district to replicate the initiative. The
design and the type of CCB processing are similar with CCB sub-project in Balabone. This
is the first replication of CCB machinery processing in SE Sulawesi after Balabone.
21.
Bakko Lestari Women Group: Restoring mangrove forest and developing fish
cracker home industry (Success story No. 25/2012)

Bakko Lestari is the name of fisher women group in Binanga Sangkara Sub-Village,
Ampekale Village, Bontoa-Maros. Our intervention started in June 2012 to facilitate the
development of mangrove nursery of Rhizopora sp (Bakau), Avicennia sp (Api-Api) and
Soneratia sp (Padada) using aqua bottle wastes on the land of Ibu Hawang. Due to the
enthusiasm of local community in which they were willing to work voluntary, we facilitated
some relevant activities in the villages: (a) Facilitated their husband (male groups) to
develop mangrove crab fattening (Photo 2); (b) Facilitated women groups to develop
home industries of various chips made of crabs and fishes (Photo 4); (c) Facilitated the
establishment of public library (Taman Baca) for children; (d) Facilitated the establishment
of wave prevention fences (Alat Pemecah Ombak/APO) to protect planted mangrove
seedlings; (e) Mangrove planting campaigns involving students association representatives
from Java and Sulawesi. There are many developments during four months facilitations.
Many fishery students visit the village to learn.
22.
Sipurio Farmer Group, InalipuE Village, Tanasitolo, Wajo: Improved horticulture

farming using water weed (Eichomia crasipes) organic liquid fertilizer (Success
story No. 26/2012)

In response to the lack of irrigation water in Wajo District, Sipuro Farmer group led by
Sidarwan (young champion farmer) has initiated the group members to change their
paddy field into semi organic horticulture farming (capsicum, tomato and melon). We
have provided intensive technical assistance to Sidarwan and his group. We facilitated
the development of organic liquid fertilizer made of local weed (Enceng Gondok/Eichomia
crasipes) which naturally grows in Tempe Lake5. Tanasitolo sub-district is located nearby
Tempe Lake. The use of compost (the raw material are made from vegetable market
waste), together with liquid fertilizer and Phosphorus organic fertilizer made of banana
trees have reduced the use of chemical fertilizer and production cost until 50 percent.

5
Tempe Lake is the largest lake in South Sulawesi Province, the lake is fed by two rivers, i.e. Walanae River
in where the catchment areas cover 5 districts (Maros, Bone, Sopeng, Wajo) and Bila River which come from 3
districts (Enrekang, Sidrap, Wajo). The Tempe Lake discharges the water to Bone Gulf.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
87
8. Maintenance of tree planting

7. Evaluation of tree planting survival
6. Generative propagation of tree species
5. Vegetative rehabilitation and protection of
spring water
4. Develop catchment area spatial planning
3. Mapping of catchment area boundary
2. Principle of vegetative rehabilitation
1. The concept of catchment area
First version
First version
First version
First version
First edition
First edition
First edition
First edition
First edition
GF, Setrawan, KVC

GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF and Setrawan
GF and Setrawan
GF (FKL, Astal)
GF (FKLl)
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
Use of material
20 Nov 2010
15 Sep 2010
20 August 2010
5 August 2010
18 April 2010
16 April 2010
12 April 2010
15 Sept 2009
15 Sept 2009
15 Sept 2009
2 Nov 2008
Date of production
80 copies
90 copies
100 copies
80 copies
100 copies
100 copies
80 copies
100 copies
60 copies
60 copies
80 copies
No of copies
Target group
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Dr. Edi Purwanto
First version
First edition
First version
First version
22. Making Kascing organic fertilizer

23. Species selection for catchment area
rehabilitation
24. Oyster mushroom cultivation
25. Straw mushroom cultivation
Final version
Final version
Final version
3. Generative propagation of tree seedlings;

4. Vegetative propagation of fruit trees
Final version
2. Mapping catchment areas
cat chment areas
1.Concept of protection and rehabilitation of
First version
21. Coconut-Shell Charcoals Bricked
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
Target group
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
Use of material
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
B. Training Manuals (The final version of selected training modules)
First version
Second version
18. Generative and vegetative tree seedlings

propagation
20. Biogas Installation
First version
17. Participatory mapping to develop village

Spatial Planning
First version
First version
16. Making live-stock fodder from organic

waste
19. Community empowerment on

environmental management
First version
Status
15. Village Regulation and inter-village

collaboration to protect catchment areas
Title (all are in Indonesians)
20 Sep 2012
20 Sep 2012
20 Sep 2012
20 Sep 2012
5 March 2012
3August 2012
12 December 2011
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
Date of production
1000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
80 copies
80 copies
80 copies
80 copies
120 copies
100 copies
120 copies
100 copies
120 copies
100 copies
600 copies
No of copies
Table Appendix 2: TF-090977: Information, Education Communications (IEC)

Materials, Produced by OWT (2008 2012)
Status
9. Agroforestry
First version
GF, Setrawan, KVC
10. Mangrove Rehabilitation
First version
A. Training Modules
11. Vegetative propagation of tree species
60 copies
60 copies
15 Dec 2010
15 January 2010
20 March 2010
T, TA, F
T, TA, F
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC

First version
First version
12. Making Bokashi organic fertilizer
13. GIS for Environmental Management
14. Spatial planning for environmental

management
88
89
4. The Guardian of Archipelago (Menjaga

Pagar Nusantara). mangrove conservation
- movie*
2. The making of Coco-shell Charcoal Bricked
(CCB)
1. Home Biogas installation - tutorial film
Awareness
Awareness
Documentary
Tutorial
Tutorial
GF, S, KVC,GO, CBOs, CSOs

T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F. A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
20 February 2009
20 February 2009
16 August 2008
15 Nov 2008
20 June 2009
10 Oct 2010
20 copies
250 copies
250 copies
250 copies
150 copies
150 copies
First Edition
Public
Public
A, T, TA
A, T, TA
A, T, TA
A
T, TA, F
October, 2012
September, 2012
April, 2012
20 Sep 2012
20 Sep 2012
3000 copies
3000 copies
3000 copies
2000 copies
1000 copies
Date of production
1000 copies
No of copies
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Awareness
Awareness
Awareness
Awareness
Awareness
Awareness
Awareness
Awareness
16. One Catchment One management

17. Micro-hydro power for People
18. Oyster Mushroom cultivation
19. Straw Mushroom cultivation
20. Manmade natural disaster
21. Film Compilation DVD-16
22. Film Compilation DVD-2a7
91
DVD 2A: (i) Menjaga Pagar Nusantara (The Guardian Archipelago); (ii) Nentu Lestari (Nentu handicraft); (iii) Pak Made: Tokoh Pelestari Lingkungan (Pak Made: a Conservation Champion); (iv) Pak Lasamira; Tokoh Pelestari Lingkungan
(Pak Lasamira: a Conservation Champion); (v) Laboratorium Bawah Laut di Jantung Karang Dunia (Underwater Laboratory in the Centre of Coral Triangle).
DVD 2B: (i) Pembuatan Arang Briket (The Making of Coconut shell charcoal Briquette/CCB); (ii) Instalasi Biogas (Biogas Installation); (iii) Lebah Madu (Honey Bee Culture); (iv) Persemaian dan Pembibitan (Tree seedling propagation).
DVD 3: (i) Karet Busa Raksasa Indonesia (The Giant Sponge of Indonesia); (ii) Mamasa Menanam (Mamasa Planting Campaigns); (iii) Micro Hydro Power (MHP) for People; (iv) Rahabilitasi DAS (Catchment Area Rehabilitation).
8.
9.
1000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
100 copies
100 copies
100 copies
100 copies
100 copies
100 copies
100 copies
100 copies
150 copies
150 copies
200 copies
150 copies
300 copies
10 copies
DVD 1: (i) Best Practice Lambusango; (ii) Pelestarian Hutan Lambusango (Conservation of Lambusango Forest); (iii) Lambusango Surga Peneliti (Lambusango is the heaven of researchers);
30 June 2011
30 June 2011
30 June 2011
21 January 2012
21 August 2012
28 January 2012
5 March 2011
30 July 2011
10 Oct 2010
10 Oct 2010
30 Sept 2010
15 November 2010
2 November 2010
30 Sept 2010
12 Sept 2010
11 August 2010
10 July 2010
No of copies
7.

T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
Date of production
6.
Tutorial
15. Honey Bees Culture
Tutorial
14. Biogas Installation
Documentary
Tutorial
11. Vegetative and generative tree seedlings

propagation
13. Underwater Laboratory in the world coral

triangle
Awareness
10. Profile of Nentu handicraft maker group
Documentary
Awareness
9. Profile of Key Village Champions (Pak

Lasamira)
12. Lambusango Forest: the heaven of

biodiversity researchers
Documentary
Tutorial
8. Towards Sustainable and Energy SelfSufficiency Villages Talk-Show with

KBR68H
7. Separation of domestic waste
Use of material
Use of material
20 Sep 2012
Target group
Target group
T, TA, F
1000 copies
Status
Status
GF, Setrawan, KVC
20 Sep 2012
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Final version
T, TA, F
5. Agroforestry
GF, Setrawan, KVC
GF, Setrawan, KVC
Final version
Final version
C. Book
Public
6. Mangrove rehabilitation
7. Cultivation of straw and oyster mushroom.
Final version
1. Oyster mushroom cultivation; good

business and environmentally sound
First Edition
Public
1.Green Nationalism
2. Transforming waste into grace:Strategy to

empower microorganism troop
First Edition
D. Lestari Desaku Magazine
3. Vegetative propagation of fruit trees;

planting now, harvesting tomorrow
E. DVD Film on Environmental Awareness
5. The Giant Sponge of Indonesia (Karet Busa

Raksasa).
Awareness
3. PNPM-Green in Kolaka District
6. Best practices of Lambusango forest

management
90
Villagers in Buton, Muna and

Kolaka Districts, SE Sulawesi,
Maros, Wajo and Tana Toraja
In S Sulawesi Province


Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
8. Protect watersheds as life supporting
system from ridge to reef.
9. Multiuses of biogas
10. Edible mushroom farming
Ballyhoos
A
Kolaka Districts
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
7. Utilizing livestock-dung as a new source of
sustainable fuel
Ballyhoos were
installed at the
capital of subdistrict
A
Kolaka Districts
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
6. Lets sort domestic waste: Dislocating

waste without sorting and processing is just
moving problems
1. Garbage separation
PNPM-Green stakeholders and

Villagers in 9 sub-districts in
Buton, Muna and Kolaka District,
SE Sulawesi Province
A
Kolaka Districts
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
5. Save water movement through build
millions of recharge areas
H. Ballyhoo
A
Villagers in Kolaka District
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
4. Stop Deforestation: Cutting forest means

inviting flood disaster*
14 Pebuary 2010
17 August 2012
17 August 2012
2 March 2012
13 August 2010
13 August 2010
13 August 2010
10 April 2010
Date of production
9 units
2000 copies
2000 copies
2000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
No of copies
Status
Target group
T, TA, F, A
T, TA, F, A
Use of material
21 June2012
21 June 2012
30 June 2011
Date of production
2000 copies
2000 copies
1000 copies
No of copies
Use of material
A
Target group
Status
Awareness
T, TA, F, A

Awareness
24.Film Compilation : Catchment Areas

Management10
Awareness
Information
Talk show
Jingle
Advertisement
Radio campaigns in Muna

District
Community Radio in
Watubangga and Ladongi Subdistricts
Radio campaigns at Kolaka and

Buton Districts
Radio campaigns at Kolaka and

Buton Districts
Radio campaigns at SE Sulawesi

Province
3 times/day, 2010
3 times/
Week,2009 -2012
3 times/
Week,2009
3 times/
week, 2009
12 times/
Week, 2008 - 2009
F. Radio Broadcast
25.Film Compilation: Smart Practices of

PNPM-Green11
1. PNPM-Green
2. PNPM-Green Jingle
3. Talk Show on Green Village
4. PNPM-Green Update
Jingle
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites

Kolaka Districts

Kolaka Districts
10 August 2009
10 April 2010
11000 copies
1000 copies
1000 copies
5. Keep Muna Green
1. Drought disaster could only be prevented by

avoiding deforestation*
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
10 April 2010
G. Posters
2. Mangrove forest prevent coastal disaster
DVD Film on Catchment Area Management: This DVD film is composed of six films: (i). Manmade natural disaster (Bencana Alam Buatan Manusia); (ii) One Catchment One Management (Satu
DAS Satu Pengelolaan); (iii) Planting campaigns in Agam District (Agam Menanam); (iv) Giant Sponge of Indonesia (Karet Busa Raksasa Indonesia); (v) MHP for People and (vi) Nursery development
(Persemaian dan Pembibitan).
Villagers in Muna District
DVD on PNPM-Green Smart Practices: This DVD is composed of five films: (i) Vegetative propagation technique (Teknik Pembibitan Vegetatif); (ii) PNPM-Green smart practices (Praktik Cerdas PNPMGreen); (iii) World Bank Supervision Mission in SE Sulawesi; (iv) Mushroom Cultivation (Budidaya Jamur); (v) The making of Kascing Fertilizer (Pupuk Kascing).
Framed poster
installed at
strategic sites
10.

3. Save Jompi Forest as the water tower of

Raha Town*
11

93
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
92
Leaflets
Leaflets
Leaflets
Leaflets
Leaflets
Leaflets
12. The making of Agar wood (Gaharu)
13. Permanent Biogas Installation
14. The making of Charcoal Coconut shell

briquette
15. Selection of tree species for land

rehabilitation
16. Tree Planting Techniques
Leaflets
Leaflets
Leaflets
11. The making of Bokashi

Tree planting techniques
9.
Leaflets
Shoot cutting techniques
8.
10. Generative seedlings propagation

Developing Village Nursery
7.
A, T, TA
A, T, TA
A, T, TA
A, T, TA
A, T, TA
PNPM-Green Stakeholders,
KVCs in SE and S Sulawesi
Province
Province
Province
Province
Province
J. Banners
A, T, TA
Province
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
4000 copies
4000 copies
4000 copies
4000 copies
4000 copies
4000 copies
4000 copies
No of copies
A, T, TA
4000 copies
Date of production
9 units
Province
2012
Use of material
12 September 2010
9 units
A, T, TA
4000 copies
Target group
Ballyhoos were
installed at the
25 May 2011
18 units
Province
2012
Status
Buton, Muna and Kolaka District,
SE Sulawesi Province
Ballyhoos were
installed at the
25 April 2012
2000 copies
A, T, TA
2000 copies
Ballyhoos
PNPM-Green stakeholders
and Villagers in 9 sub-districts
in Buton, Muna and Kolaka
Districts, SE Sulawesi Province
Ballyhoos were
installed at the
2008
2000 copies
Province
2010
Ballyhoos

Districts, S Sulawesi Province
A, T, TA
2009
2000 copies
A, T, TA
No of copies
Ballyhoos
KVCs in Buton, Muna and Kolaka
Districts
A, T, TA
2009
1000 copies
Districts
Date of production
Leaflets
Districts
A, T, TA
2009
2000 copies
Use of material
Leaflets
Districts
A, T, TA
2009
2000 copies
Target group
Developing Community Based Institution

for Mangrove Forest Conservation
Leaflets
Districts
A, T, TA
2010
Status
2.
Lets Sort and Process Domestic Waste
Leaflets
Districts
A, T, TA
3.
Ten Important Questions on Green PNPM
Leaflets
Districts
4.
Human Obligation to Maintain Life

Sustainability
Leaflets
1. Village meeting to discuss green

development
4. PNPM-Green Program
3. PNPM-Green Program
2. Site Map of PNPM-Green demo-pilots at

sub-district level
5.
Honeybee Culture : tip and benefit
I. Leaflets
6.
95
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
94
Stickers
Stickers
Stickers
1. Janthropa Stoves User (Pengguna Kompor
Jarak)
2. Solar Voltage User (Pengguna Listrik Tenaga

Surya)
3. Green- PNPM: Towards Sustainable and

Energy Self Sufficiency
Rural community
Rural community
Rural community
L. Stickers
Rural community
Rural community
Rural community
Rural community
Rural community
Conservation
Action
reminder
Conservation
Action
reminder
Conservation
Action
reminder
Conservation
Action
reminder
Conservation
Action
reminder
3. Save the Earth
4. Domestic waste management
5. Forest Protection
6. Nature Conservation
7. Domestic waste management
8. Mangrove Conservation
Rural community
Rural community
Conservation
Action
reminder
2. Coastal conservation
9. Water Conservation
Rural community
Conservation
Action
reminder
Use of material
Date of production
20 sets
No of copies
Target group
Target group
2010
Status
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
Use of material
Status
2010
2010
2010
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2010
2010
2010
Date of production
Wajo (3)
Wajo (3)
1000
350
80
Wajo (3). Tana Toraja (2)
Tana Toraja (2)
Tana Toraja (2), Wajo (1)
6 boards
Kolaka (2)
Muna (2)
Buton (2)
6 boards
Kolaka (2)
Muna (2)
Buton (2)
6 boards
Kolaka (2)
Muna (2)
Buton (2)
No of copies
Districts
5. Honeybee culture yield honey (Memelihara

Lebah Menuai Madu)
4. To maintain soil fertility using Bokashi

(Menjaga Kesuburan Tanah dengan Bokashi)
3. Keep the village green with energy saving

stoves (Melestarikan Kehijauan Desa dengan
Tungku Hemat Energi)
2. My green village, my green country (Hijau

Desaku Lestari Negeriku)
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
Districts
Districts
Districts
Districts
Districts
Districts
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
20 sets
20 sets
20 sets
20 sets
20 sets
20 sets
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
6. Recovering coastal fortress (Memelihara

Benteng Pesisir)
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
20 sets
1. Healthy, clean and efficient with charcoal

briquettes
7. Livelihoods from coastal fortress (Sumber

Kehidupan dari Benteng Pesisir)
2010
1 boards
2010
Districts
K. Iron Campaign Boards
Rural community
Promotion of
Green smart
practices
Conservation
Action
reminder
8. Turning livestock dung into biogas (Meyulap

Kotoran Menjadi Biogas)
1. Village Conservation Areas
97
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
96
A
A
2011
2011
2011
1500
1500
1500
5. Save Energy
Stickers
Stickers
Cutting Stickers
Status
Rural community
Rural community
Rural community
Rural community
Target group
A
A
A
A
Use of material
2012
2012
2012
2010
Date of production
3 cars
2000
2000
1000
No of copies
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Dr. Edi Purwanto
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Training on slope and riverbank stabilization through

vegetative planting
Biopore, Training and demo-plot development
Seaweed farming
Energy Saving stove
Mangrove crabs fattening
Training on Soil conservation
Cashew Processing
Biogas Installation
Bokashi
Nursery training and demo-plot development
Nursery development
Honey bee culture, technical skill and demo-plot
development
Cashew Processing
Permanent Biogas training and demo-plot
development
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
District
GPS training for FKL and PNPM green actors
Province
Workshop for Sub PNPM Green FKL in SE-Sulawesi

Province
Level
Activity
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Kendari
District
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
Year
78
37
60
214
60
40
20
37
35
30
32
16
28
30
16
Male
39
41
15
91
20
15
41
15
17
12
10
Female
Youth
Appendix 3a: Community training in SE Sulawesi
Villagers, project beneficiaries
Woman Group
Farmer Group
TPK, Sub project beneficiaries
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Women Group
Farmer Group
Fishermen group
Villagers
Fishermen group
Villagers, FK-L, Sub district

government
Sub district government, Green

PNPM and Rural PNPM actor at
village and Sub district level
PJOK, FK regular, FKL and PL
PNPM Green facilitator (FKL)
Participants
4. OWT: Empowering Community for

Conservation
6. PNPMGreen-OWT:Bersama Masyarakat
Melestarikan Alam
Car Stickers
No.
T-Shirts
7. PNPM-Green Awareness cars
1. PNPM-Green: Toward sustainable village

and Energy Sufficiency
T-Shirts
Key stakeholders, KVCs,

M. T-Shirts and Hats
2. PNPM-Green-OWT: Together with local

community to conserve natural resource
Hats
3. PNPM-Green-OWT
Remarks: GF (Green Facilitators/FKL, Astal, SPL), T: Training, A: Awareness rising; TA: Technical Assistances; F: Facilitation; KVC: Key village champions
98
99
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
19
The use of Janthropa stove

CCB, training and economic group development
Bokashi training
Biopore, Training and demo plot development
Training on orange grafting and nursery development
in Warinta
Catchment Rehabilitation/Generative and Vegetative
tree seedlings propagation
Workshop for PNPM Actors
PE Biogas
development
Training on Mangrove rehabilitation
Training on land rehabilitation
Training and development of community radio
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Kendari
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
55
10
30
40
28
15
14
50
78
30
35
23
85
24
30
15
25
15
0
0
2
9
39
4
45
10
30
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
government
Farmer group
PNPM Green FKLs
Provincial government GreenPNPM and Rural-PNPM Province
and district facilitator
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
TPK, KPMD and villages farmer
group
Youth group, UPK, KPMD,
General public
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Making energy saving stove
Making of bokashi
36
37
38
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Technical assistance to BLM nurseries group
Training on watershed management and upper

catchment rehabilitation strategy
Training on making poultry feed using cocoa skin and

snail
Training on making handicraft made of banana trunks
and plastic garbage
Training on making bokashi
43
44
45
46
47
Training on making VCO
Sub-district
Developing PE Biogas
42
48
Sub-district

development
41
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Water Purification
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
40
Organic farming training
Sub-district

development
35
39
Sub-district

development
34
Sub-district
Sub-district
Catchment management
33
Muna
Muna
Muna
Buton
Kendari
Buton
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
13
45
40
102
78
35
30
75
30
15
35
78
60
250
15
15
12
20
39
11
11
25
30
39
15
100
Youth
Villagers
Village woman group
Farmer group
Women group
Poultry farmer in 3 villages
Facilitators/GOI sub contracted

consultant (SPL,FK-L) developed
action plan to implement
watershed conception in green
PNPM development objective
BLM beneficiaries
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Farmer group, biogas project

beneficiaries
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers, project beneficiaries
Farmer Group
Senior high school
Participants
Female
Village representative
Youth
Male
Year
20
30
Year
District
2009
150
District
Level
Muna
2009
Level
Activity
Sub-district
Muna
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Activity
No.
Developing community forestry
Sub-district
Participants
17
Village regulation development
Male
18
Female
31
Training on making VCO
No.
32
100
101
Sub-district
Key Village Identification for fruit seedling nursery
development
Enhancing the role of KPMD trough KPMD monthly

meeting
Training for Verification Team
Training on Ducks farming (eggs hatchery)
Training of Trainer on permanent biogas installation
Training on making energy saving stove and CCB
Training on Catchment management
Development of Bokashi
Practical Exercise on making biogas outflow
Develop Patchouli nursery
Training on making Nata-de-Coco and CCB
On the job training to Madu Rasa apiculture group
Training on making handy craft from garbage
Training on community radio
Strengthening RGS community Radio
Fixing biogas demo-plot

71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
Sub-district
Sub-district
70
Level
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Training on making energy saving stove
69
Activity
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Buton
Kolaka
Kolaka
Muna
Muna
Muna
Kolaka
District
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
Year
7
4
8
20
15
2
10
20
20
66
20
7
40
26
20
16
24
12
Male
1
2
3
30
1
20
4
2
15
33
15
3
0
2
15
0
4
2
Female
0
0
0
15
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
Youth
Farmer group
Radio crew
CR staff
Women group, shool children
Farmer group
Women group
Farmer group
Villagers
Farmer group
KPMD
Villagers
Villagers
Farmer group
Verification team
KPMD, Local NGO, FK-L
Headmen, BPD and villagers
Verification Team
Villagers
Participants
0
Apiculture group
Farmer group
No.
Participants
Villagers
Youth
18
Village government and Villagers
Female
Male
2011
Beneficiaries
Year
Muna
2011
20
Verification team, villagers
District
Activity
Sub-district
Muna
2011
20
14
Villagers
Level
No.
Training on making liquid fertilizer made of biogas

disposal
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
25
175
Sub-project beneficiaries
Verification team
51
Training on honey bees harvesting
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
200
Sub-project beneficiaries
52
Mapping on the environmental potential using GPS
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
27
KPMD and TPU
53
Technical assistance and facilitation on developing
customary forest regulation
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
20
Villagers
10
54
Technical assistance for 2009 BLM sub project
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
12
19
Villagers
2011
55
Assisted field verification process
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
33
Woman Group
Muna
56
Training on making village nursery and bokashi
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
25
45
Villagers
Sub-district
57
Training on pruning and practical exercise of using
bokashi
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
35
18
Woman Group
Training for Verification team
58
Training on making EM-4
Sub-district
Buton
2011
Woman Group
49
59
Environmental potential training for KPMD and TPU in

Lambandia sub-distric
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
32
25
Villagers
Maintenance Team
60

development
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
75
20
KPMD, TPU
61
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
62
Making Nata-de-Coco
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
20
63
63

development
Sub-district
Buton
2011
46
2011
64
Domestic waste separation movement
Sub-district
Muna
2011
Muna
65
Making garbage handicraft
Sub-district
Muna
Sub-district
66
Training on biogas and demo-plot development
Sub-district
Training for Maintenance Team (TP)
67
Technical assistance for TPU in writing village sub

project proposal
50
68
103
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
102
TPU Training
TPK Training
TPU Training
TPK Training
TPU Training
TPK Training
TPU Training
TPK Training
TPU Training
TPK Training
RHL Training
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
2010
2011
2011
2012
2012
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
2009
2010
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Kolaka
2009
281
288
288
288
288
281
281
281
134
134
134
134
132
132
132
132
0
422
422
422
422
413
413
413
413
Villagers
TPK
TPK
TPK
TPU
TPK
TPU
TPK
TPU
TPK
Youth
Farmer group
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
281
413
Female
Farmer group
2009
132
TPU
15
Sumbersari farmer group
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
281
413
Year
20
Sidomuncul farmer group
2008
132
District
2011
10
PNPM green facilitator
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
281
Level
Muna
2011
12
PNPM green facilitator
2008
Sub-district
Muna
2011
18
KPMD
Participants
Development of Bokashi
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
28
10
OWT Staff, Local NGO
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Youth
87
Develop Patchouli nursery
Sub-district
Kolaka
2008
42
282
KPMD
Female
88
Training on making Bokashi
Sub-district
Makassar
2009
282
KPMD
Male
89
Training on making organic pesticide
Sub-district
Makassar
2008
15
282
KPMD
Year
90
Pre-service training for PNPM-Green facilitator
Sub-district
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
2008
282
282
KPMD
District
91
Refresher training for PNPM green facilitator
Sub-district
Baubau
2009
282
282
Level
92
KPMD Training on NRM
Sub-district
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
2010
282
282
Activity
93
In-service training for CSO facilitators
Sub-district
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
2011
282
No.
94
Refresher training for KPMD
Sub-district
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
2012
Participants
95
Sub-district
Buton,
Muna,
Kolaka
Male
96
Sub-district
Activity
97
No.
98
105
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
104
Villagers
Male
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Training on generative and vegetative propagation

Strengthen capacity building of village heads to
enhance environmental village governance
Biogas Installation
Sub-district Workshop, Identification of potential NR
and NRM Problems
Energy Saving stove
Making CCB
Making Fertilizer and Strength the Group
Biopore and recharge wells
Environmental awareness to religion group and youth
group
Field Trip for Parliament and SKPD to PNPM-Green
smart practices
Nursery development
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
Liquid Fertilizer
District
Training fish chips
16
District
Mangrove Nursery
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Sub-district
Mangrove crabs fattening
Sub-district
Level
Making Garbage Handicraft
Participants
1
Activity
Wajo
Wajo
Tana Toraja
Tana Toraja
Tana Toraja
Tana Toraja
Tana Toraja
Tana Toraja
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
Maros, Wajo,
Tana Toraja
Maros
2012
2012
2012
2012
Tana Toraja
and Wajo
Maros
Maros
Maros
2012
2012
Maros and
Wajo
Maros
Year
District
50
25
70
64
358
54
25
25
30
124
120
25
10
10
Male
32
40
332
77
13
13
13
24
32
19
12
12
40
Female
15
15
Youth
Participants
Farmer Group
Farmer Group
SKPD and district Parliaments
Religion Group and Youth
Students
Villagers, Women Groups
Villagers
Villagers

government
Villagers
Head Village, BPD, Setrawan
KPMD, Tim Pemelihara, Farmer

Group
Villagers, Children
Vilagers, Children
Vilagers, Children
Vilagers (women Group)
Activity
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Appendix 3b: Community training in South Sulawesi
No.
No.
10
Farmer group
Youth
25
Village government, KPMD, TPK,

villagers
Female
45
10
Woman group
Year
2010
20
75
Farmer group
District
Kolaka
2010
225
25
Farmer group
Level
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
20
Farmer group
Villagers
Green Learning House
Sub-district
Kolaka
2011
30
15
Villagers
0
112
Organic fertilizer
Sub-district
Kolaka
2012
20
15
Ibu-ibu PKK se-Kec. Pasarwajo

15
113
Village cadres on RPJM-Desa
Sub-district
Kolaka
2012
20
51
Villagers
35
114
Coconut oil making
Sub-district
Kolaka
2012
10
49
Villagers
2010
115
Bokashi/EM4
Sub-district
Kolaka
2012
Villagers
Kolaka
116
Oyster mushroom
Sub-district
Kolaka
2012
19
10
Masyarakat
Sub-district
117
Vegetative propagation
Sub-district
Buton
2012
29
Masyarakat
Domestic waste separation movement (Gemes)
118
Grinding machine for organic fertilizer
Sub-district
Buton
2012
Masyarakat
110
119
Garbage separation and garbage bank
Sub-district
Buton
2012
18
Villagers
Woman group
120
Biogas Replication
Sub-district
Buton
2012
17
Villagers
0
121
Bokashi
Sub-district
Buton
2012
35
11
0
20
122
Team verification
Sub-district
Buton
2012
38
6
5
123
Bokashi
Sub-district
Buton
2012
58
Penerima Manfaat BLM

2010
124
Solar photo-voltaic
Sub-district
Buton
2012
0
Kolaka
125
Portable solar dryer
Sub-district
Buton
1
Sub-district
126
Maintenance Team
Sub-district
8
Developing CCB
127
Village regulation
2012
111
128
Buton
4244
Sub-district
4572
Solar photo voltaic
8657
129
Total
106
107
District
Level
Wajo
District
2012
Year
103
Male
89
Female
0
0
Villagers
Students
Participants
Dr. Edi Purwanto

Dr. Edi Purwanto
Training for Maintenance Team (TP)

Technical assistance for 2009 BLM sub project
Assisted field verification process
Technical assistance for TPU in writing village sub
project proposal
Enhancing the role of KPMD trough KPMD monthly
meeting
Pre-service training for PNPM-Green facilitator
Refresher training for PNPM green facilitator
In-service training
TPU Training
TPK Training
Training for land rehabilitation
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
Remarks: PW = Pasarwajo, SL = Sampolawa, MS = Mawasangka

LW = Lawa, TK = Tongkuno, NB = Napabalano,
LD = Ladongi, BL = Baula, WB = Watubangga, LB = Lambandia
Total
Workshop for PNPM Actors in Kendari
Activity
PW
SL
BUTON
MS
LW
TK
MUNA
NB
LD
BL
WB
KOLAKA
LB
2857
58
4794
132
664
664
1128
10
15
20
175
14
Female
281
1419
1419
1128
15
42
28
20
46
200
25
63
50
Male
Appendix 3c: Training workshops for PNPM-Green actors in SE Sulawesi
Activity
Bokashi Fertilizer
34
No.
17
354
Trainer MHP
No
1
Youth
20
2012
2012
Wajo
Makassar
40
District
Province
795
Conversion of generator fuel from benzene to gas
Watershed Management
1477
18
19
Total
108
109
5
4
3
2
1
Sub-district Workshop to socialize village conversion

areas.
Workshop on Sustainable forest management for
community welfare
Sub-District commitment for mangrove
rehabilitation
Facilitated PNPM Green cycles at Sub district
Re-greening Campaign on Secondary School
Green Exhibition Festival in Baubau Town
Sub district
Sub district
District
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Province
Kolaka
Kolaka
Muna
Muna
Buton
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
Buton
Buton
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2008
2008
2008
586
75
20
157
381
169
50
1200
70
300
750
371
50
17
87
105
3
20
600
50
350
0
0
20
0
0
0
0
0
0
500
200
Village representative
Villagers
Villagers, general public
TPK, KPMD, villagers
Students of Senior High School
KPMD, Elementary school
students and their parents
Sub district government, Senior
high school student, KPMD, TPK
Villagers and Sub District
Government
Community
Villagers and students
General public
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
PNPM Green Exhibition in HALO Festival

PNPM Green Exhibition on Baubau EXPO
PNPM Green Exhibition on Buton Festival
Domestic waste separation movement
Distribution and installation of environmental
factsheet
Development of Green Learning House
Development of environmental kiosk
Promotion of CCB
Verification/Identification of MHP site in Lasalimu
and Wolowa sub-districts
Survey on nursery feasibility for PNPM Green sub
project
Supported the world bank supervision mission
Green sub-project verification
Socialization green menu during MAD I
Site feasibility survey for apiculture development
Re-greening movement on the roadsides
Re-greening movement for high school student
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
District
District
Province
Province
Supported National planting campaign movement
17
Sub district
16
Level
Planting movement during World Environmental

Day in Ladongi
Activity
Buton, Muna
Buton
Buton
Kolaka
Muna
Muna
Muna
Buton
Buton
Muna
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Kendari
Wakatobi
Kolaka
District
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
Year
108
20
45
98
33
12
63
17
1000
415
1000
2000
1062
200
400
Male
118
15
22
18
35
20
15
800
186
500
1000
788
300
300
Female
10
200
30
1000
1500
100
50
Youth
High School student
Villagers
Villagers
General public
Verification team, local

communities
Communities and beneficiaries
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
General Public
General public
General public
Governments, NGO and all parties

all over SE Sulawesi
Sub district government, Senior

high school student, Green PNPM
actors at sub district and
village level
Appendix 4a: Community Awareness in SE Sulawesi
Participants
No.
Participants
Tree planting movement in Ladongi
District
Buton
2009
1200
55
Villagers
Youth
Encouraging early age children and their parents to

do planting activities
Sub district
Kolaka
2009
80
10
Senior high school student, KPMD

Female
Garbage separation movement at Secondary school
Sub district
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
2009
40
0
Male
Faith based environmental campaigns
Sub district
Buton
2010
22
180
Year
10
Discussed and installation of wooden framed

posters
Sub district
Buton
2010
270
District
11
Faith based campaign during Friday Pray
Sub district
Buton
2010
Level
12
Sub-district workshop to socialize village

conservation areas
Sub district
Muna
Activity
13
Workshop on Evaluation of PNPM Green

Implementation
Sub district
No.
14
Training on catchment rehabilitation to Secondary

school students and village cadres
Villagers and Village Government
15
110
111
Sub district
Level
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
Kolaka
District
2011
2011
2011
Year
162
161
150
125
10
81
89
150
45
Female
33
0
0
0
0
0
Youth
General public
Village government
Village government, BPD,
communities, BKAD
Village government, BPD, and
communities
General public
General public
Facilitated Musrenbang Kecamatan
Sub district
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
2011
38
118
Villagers
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
National
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Initiating Voluntary work to maintain sub project

plantation
Initiating voluntary work to maintain ecotourism
sub project
Handover of village library and planting campaigns
Group discussion with Beringin farmer group
Group discussion on coastal Abrasion with Key
Villages
PNPM Green socialization through Sultra Exposition
PNPM Green smart practices socialization through
local Radio (SAW FM)
Garbage utilization demo-plot
Garbage separation movement socialization
Garbage separation movement campaign
Formulation of VCO business group Kaluku Lestari
Formulation of mangrove conservationist group
FGD on NR potential, environmental problem
Environmental awareness through awareness cars
Feasibility survey of for biogas development site for
BLH demo-plot
Facilitating journalist trip
Facilitated focus group discussion on biogas
installation with Masseddiada farmer group
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
Sub district
District
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Intensive facilitation on honey bee culture
50
Sub district
Introducing PNPM smart-practices on garbage

separation
49
Level
Kolaka
Kolaka, Muna
Muna
Buton
Kolaka
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Muna
Buton
Baubau
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Muna
Kolaka
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
13
15
25
255
30
20
20
15
15
220
17
17
36
20
15
10
15
121
10
15
15
20
13
300
13
13
217
75
Villagers
Wartawan TV dan Surat kabar
Communities and beneficiaries
General public
Villagers
Senior high school, villagers
Kaluku Lestari member
Villagers
Villagers
Women group
General Public
General public
Villagers
Farmer group
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Apiculture group
Women group
Participants
34
Facilitated MAD-I
Sub district
Buton,
Kolaka, Muna
2011
250
Villagers
Youth
35
Facilitated MAD-II
Sub district
Buton
2011
Biogas beneficiaries
Female
36
Facilitated MAD-III
Sub district
Kolaka
2011
17
Village government, local

communities
Male
37
Participated regular village quarterly meeting

organized by village government
Sub district
Buton
2011
15
10

communities
Year
38
Organized PNPM Green exhibition at Gelora

football field
Sub district
Buton
2011
12
12
Sub district government, villagers,

students
Dr. Edi Purwanto
District
39
Monitoring PNPM Green solar panel (PLTS) sub

project implementation
Sub district
Buton
2011
32
166
65
Activity
40
Monitoring PNPM Green project implementation of

Sengon dan Mahoni plantation
Sub district
Muna
2011
208
15
District, Sub district and Village

government
No.
41
Monitoring and evaluation of Mahoni plantation

sub-project implementation
Sub district
Muna
2011
36
Participants
42
Meeting to verify biogas beneficiaries of block-grant

2011
Sub district
Muna
2011
73
Male
43
Meeting to discuss the improvement of 2008 blockgrant mangrove plantation
Sub district
Buton
141
Headmen, BPD and Villagers

Activity
44
MD Information
Sub district
2011
0
No.
45
Replanting mangrove plantation
Muna
0
46
District
8
Mainstreaming environmental issues through
village development plan meeting
2011
47
Muna
Key village identification for fruit seedling nursery

development
Sub district
48
112
113
Sub district
Sub district
Sub District
Sub district
Awareness of PNPM Green and smart practices to
teachers an senior high school students
Develop innovative Green-PNPM smart practices

applicable to each pilot Sub districts
Support environmental awareness for teachers and

senior high schools
Support environmental awareness for teachers and

junior high schools
Environmental Film Screening
Faith based awareness

88
89
90
91
92
93
94
Total
Sub district
Environmental awareness through film screening

(My Darling)
87
Sub district
Sub district
Door to door awareness raising targeted women,

disadvantaged communities (DC) and youth
conducted by sub contracted NGO (LSM Lestari
(buton), LSM Gaharu (Muna), LSM Alas (Kolaka)
Sub district
Sub district
Awareness during inter-kecamatan sub project

handover meeting (MDST)
Participants
Buton
Buton
Buton
2012
2012
2012
2012
2011
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
Buton
2011
Year
2011
2011
2011
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
Muna
Buton, Muna,
Kolaka
Buton
District
16409
123
1023
5
7
180
45
168
580
30
Male
10160
37
791
3
2
82
57
154
398
20
5851
67
921
260
348
0
0
123
168
0
Youth
Government and Villagers

Villagers
Teacher and Students
Teacher and Students
General public
Senior high school students
General Public
Rural Community
Villagers
Participants
69
Environmental awareness on energy self sufficient
village during Ramadan
Environmental campaign through banner and

ballyhoo in three sub-district
Sub district
Sub district
Sub district
Muna
Muna
Muna
Buton
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
225
75
120
80
45
50
30
Farmer group
Local communities
General public
Villagers
Villagers
Farmer group
General public

communities
General public
Female
70
Distributing sticker
Sub district
Buton
2011
100
10
Farmer group
Youth
71
Dissemination of factsheet
Sub district
Muna
2011
18
38
Local communities
Female
86
Level
Male
72
Development of SPH
Sub district
Muna
2011
27
General public
Year
73
Development of Environmental Kiosk
Sub district
Muna
2011
23
Village government
District
74
Develop CCB production unit
Sub district
Buton
2011
50
Villagers
Level
Activity
Activity
75
Demo-plot monitoring in preparation of the WB
visits
Sub district
Muna
2011
150
14
Woman group
No.
No.
76
Critical land rehabilitation movement
Sub district
Muna
2011
30
Villagers
Traditional leader, villagers and

student
77
Bokashi demo-plot development
Sub district
Muna
2011
26
40
Villagers
56
78
Biogas monitoring
Sub district
Buton
2011
63
54
79
Awareness through factsheet
Sub district
Buton
2011
95
20
74
80
Awareness raising through informal discussion with

village government
Sub district
Kolaka
2011
40
2011
81
Awareness on spring water protection
Sub district
Buton
2011
Buton
82
Awareness on garbage separation with Districts

Health Agency
Sub district
Kolaka
Sub district
83
Awareness during MD socialization
Sub district
Environmental faith based in campaign
84
Awareness during MAD I PNPM-MP
68
85
115
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
114
2012
279
81
1675
95
46
542
890
0
0
Students and Teacher

Community, villagers
Villagers
government
Government in District Level
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Teak Nursery.
Cashew Nut Nursery
Teak vegetative Propagation
Planting Teak
Coconut oil processing
Nursery Gusi-gusi
Fishery Ecotourism
Honey bee Demo-plot
Coffee nursery
Teak community plantation
Coconut Charcoal Briquette
Efficient Energy stow
Cashew nut processing Mete
Farmer group facilitation
Myristica fragrans nursery
Water spring protection
Orange nursery
Ecotourism
Albizia planting
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Demo-plot Name
Sandang Pangan
Gunung Sejuk
Bangun
Kahulungaya
Kabawakole
Kahulungaya
Lalemba
Wamelai
Tombula
Lianosa
Watumela
Gunung Sari
Gumanano
Waangu-Wangu
Lakologou
Latompe
Fongkaniwa
Lalemba, Lapadaku
Lalemba
Village
Sampolawa
Sampolawa
Sampolawa
Pasarwajo
Pasarwajo
Pasarwajo
Lawa
Lawa
Tongkuno
Tongkuno
Lawa
Watubangga
Mawasangka
Pasarwajo
Tongkuno
Lawa
Tongkuno
Lawa
Lawa
Sub district
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Kolaka
Buton
Buton
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
District
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2010
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2009
2008
Year
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Former Group
Women group
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Farmer group
Farmer group
Villagers
Villagers
Women group
Villagers
Villagers
Farmer group
Villagers
Appendix 4b : Community Awareness in South Sulawesi
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Appendix 5a : Demo-pilots in SE Sulawesi

Beneficiary
Maros, Wajo,
Tana Toraja
2012
2135
1214
Students and Teacher

No.
District
All Sub-district
Pilot Green
PNPM
2012
1542
280
Faskab, Fastekab, Faskeu and

Satker PNPM
Participants
Coordination Meeting With Government In District

Level
Sub-District
Maros, Wajo,
Tana Toraja
2012
378
2022
Faskab, Fastekab, Faskeu and

Satker PNPM
Youth
Workshop Socialization, NRM potential and problems

identification
District
Makassar,
Maros, Wajo,
Tana Toraja
2012
2978
23
0
Female
Film Screening through awareness car
Province
Tana Toraja,
Wajo
2012
53
23
Male
Discussed and distributed awareness materials
District
Wajo
2012
53
Local NGO, Government and

Public
Year
Green education on secondary school
District
South Sulawesi
2012
0
District
Garbage bank
Province
South Sulawesi
17
Level
Mainstreaming Green PNPM on Rural PNPM in

Province Level
Province
23
Activity
Discussed and distribute Lestari Desaku Magazine
2012
No.
South Sulawesi
1432
Province
5395
Public Discussion on PNPM-Green smart practices in

Sulawesi
7522
Total
116
117
Teak Planting
Mangrove planting
King grass farming
Spring water rehabilitation
Bamboo handicraft
Portable seaweed dryer
Portable seaweed dryer
Solar Photovoltaic
Honey bee demo-plot
Village tree nursery
Biogas demo-plot
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
Demo-plot Name
Atula
Gunung Sari
Gunung Sari
Mawasangka
Wakambangura
Napa
Warinta
Lagadi
Danagoa
Mawasangka
Polindu
Village
Ladongi
Watubangga
Watubangga
Mawasangka
Mawasangka
Mawasangka
Pasarwajo
Lawa
Tongkuno
Mawasangka
Mawasangka
Sub district
Kolaka
Kolaka
Kolaka
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Muna
Muna
Buton
Buton
District
2009
2010
2009
2010
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2011
2011
Year
Farmer group
Farmer group
Farmer group
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Women group
Villagers
Farmer group
Villagers
Villagers
Beneficiary
32
31
30
29
28
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
Biogas
Biogas
Biogas
Planting Vitex pubescens
Virgin Coconut Oil
Fish aggregating device
Liquid organic fertilizer
Organic cultivation
Bokashi
Nilam nursery
Nursery demo-plot
Solar Photovoltaic
CCB Village Business
Winning
Kabawakole
Danagoa
Madampi
Lahontohe
Oempu
Lamorende
Oempu
Lahontohe
Lahontohe
Wamelai
Wamelai
Gunung Sari
Kel. Mawasangka
Balobone
Pasarwajo
Pasarwajo
Pasarwajo
Tongkuno
Lawa
Tongkuno
Tongkuno
Tongkuno
Tongkuno
Tongkuno
Tongkuno
Lawa
Lawa
Watubangga
Mawasangka
Mawasangka
Buton
Buton
Buton
Buton
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Muna
Kolaka
Buton
Buton
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2011
2010
2010
2010
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Women group
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Fisherman group
Farmer group
Farmer group
Farmer group
Farmer group
Farmer group
Villagers
Villagers Group
No.
33
Community planting campaigns
Kombeli
Sampolawa
Buton
2011
Community group
Beneficiary
34
Mahoni planting campaigns
Bangun
Sampolawa
Buton
2011
Villagers
Year
36
Solar photo-voltaic
Katilombu
Mawasangka
Buton
2011
District
37
Teak planting
Gumanano
Mawasangka
Buton
Sub district
38
Teak planting
Oengkolaki
Mawasangka
Village
39
VCO
Mawasangka
Demo-plot Name
40
Biogas
No.
41
119
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
118
No.
Demo-plot Name
Solid organic fertilizer
Liquid organic fertilizer
Wajoriaja dan Pucak
Salubarani
Wajoriaja, Nepo dan Inalipue
Botolemmpangan
Nepo
Bontoa
Tanasitolo dan Tompobulu
Gandang Batu Sillanan
Tanasitolo
Bontoa
Tanasitolo
Maros
Maros
Wajo dan
Maros
Tana Toraja
Wajo
Maros
Wajo
Maros, Wajo,
Tana Toraja
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
2012
Teacher and students
Villagers
Villagers
Villagers
Farmer Group
Farmer Group, Villagers
Farmer group, Villagers,

women group
Villagers
Villagers
Beneficiary
4
Tree nursery
Ampekale
Bontoa
Maros
2012
Teacher and students
Year
5
Environmental Library for children
Ampekale
Bontoa
Wajo
2012
District
Appendix 5b : Demo-pilots in South Sulawesi

Sub district
6
Mangrove Nursery
Ampekale
Tanasitolo
Wajo
Village
7
Fish chips
School environment
Tanasitolo
Biogas demo-plot
8
Recharge well
School environment
9
Garbage Bank
Marusu(1),
Tanasitolo(1), Takkalalla(1),
Bola(1),
Gandasil (2),
Bonggakaradeng(2), Sangalla
Selatan(2)
10
Dr. Edi Purwanto
120
Appendix 6 : Summary of Financial Report TF-090977
3. Operational of the Trust Fund

This chapter will outline the overall performance on each of the operational aspects of
the Grant/Trust Fund.
3.1. Institutional and Implementation Arrangements.

Grant Agreement of TF090977 G-KDP in Sulawesi were signed on November 2007. When
the 7th Amandment of GA TF090977 for No Cost Extension of G-KDP in South Sulawesi
were signed and had been aggreed to be implemented on February 14, 2012 Operation
Wallacea Trust had established the updated organization structure to conduct programs
and activities in targetetted areas. Besides the above structure staff, there were some staff
had been working for assisting daily office operational issues such as website operator,
IT person, petty cashier and office assistant and awarness assistant.
Selection of staff to be appointed in South Sulawesi was open selection. The recruitment
was in written and interview tests. The Announcement of selected candidate was on
February 10, 2012 then the team of G-KDP of South Sulawesi had begun to work on
February 15, 2012.
Summary of Staff Structure of TF090977 G-KDP in Southeast Sulawesi and South Sulawesi:
No.
Position
Number
Gender
Female
Male
01.
Team Leader
1 person
02.
Program Manager
2 persons
03.
Finance Manager
1 person
04.
Accountant/Operation Manager
1 person
05.
FM Assistant/Petty Cashier
1 person
06.
OM Assistant
1 person
07.
Awarness Assistant
2 person
08.
IT/Data Base person
1 person
09.
Renewable Energy Application Specialist
1 person
10.
Training & Awareness Materials Specialist
1 person
11.
Design Graphic Specialist
1 person
12.
Natural Resources Management Specialist
1 person
Dr. Edi Purwanto
123
No.
Position
Number
3.2. Disbursement Profile
Gender
Female
Male
13.
Provincial Coordinator
2 person
14.
District Coordinator
6 persons
15.
Sub-district Coordinator
18 persons
(2)
Totals
40 persons
37
The Organizational Chart of Operation Wallacea Trust

(OWT) for TF 090977 Green PNPM in Sulawesi:
124
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Provide disbursement summary (in USD)

The detail of Fund disbursement by submiting of Withdrawal Application through Client
Connection The World Bank since November 2007 until 17 October 2012 and disbursement
for Reimbursement to Operation Wallacea on 31 January 2013 in grace period as follow:
WB/Trans
No
WA # by OWT
WA Amount
in USD
WA Paid
Amount in
USD
Date
Received
Value Date
Date Closed
0001
001
69,050.00
69,050.00
30-Nov-07
06-Dec-07
06-Dec-07
0002
002
44,225.66
44,225.66
26-May-08
06-Jun-08
06-Jun-08
0003
003
24,295.90
24,295.90
25-Aug-08
03-Sep-08
03-Sep-08
0004
004
62,064.42
62,064.42
16-Jan-09
29-Jan-09
29-Jan-09
0005
005
50,100.17
49,861.89
15-Apr-09
23-Apr-09
23-Apr-09
0006
To adjust
Expenditures
0.00
0.00
27-Apr-09
27-Apr-09
28-Apr-09
0007
006
48,625.37
48,625.37
20-Aug-09
26-Aug-09
26-Aug-09
0008
007
33,984.12
33,984.12
30-Nov-09
02-Dec-09
02-Dec-09
0009
008
43,505.86
43,505.86
01-Feb-10
02-Feb-10
02-Feb-10
0010
009
52,613.29
52,613.29
13-Apr-10
19-Apr-10
19-Apr-10
0011
010
66,601.17
51,601.17
14-Jul-10
21-Jul-10
21-Jul-10
0012
011
15,000.00
44,384.54
20-Oct-10
22-Oct-10
22-Oct-10
0013
012
44,384.54
15,000.00
20-Oct-10
22-Oct-10
22-Oct-10
0014
013
44,926.42
32,926.42
16-Dec-10
23-Dec-10
23-Dec-10
0015
014
50,043.02
30,709.69
16-Mar-11
24-Mar-11
24-Mar-11
0016
015
65,000.00
29,002.73
19-Apr-11
29-Apr-11
29-Apr-11
0017
016
40,617.97
40,617.97
30-May-11
06-Jun-11
06-Jun-11
0018
017
73,000.00
73,000.00
11-Jul-11
18-Jul-11
18-Jul-11
0019
018
39,883.95
39,883.95
15-Aug-11
19-Aug-11
19-Aug-11
0020
019
68,284.34
68,284.34
18-Oct-11
24-Oct-11
24-Oct-11
0021
020
60,332.59
60,332.59
16-Dec-11
21-Dec-11
21-Dec-11
0022
021
30,704.47
30,704.47
30-Jan-12
02-Feb-12
02-Feb-12
0023
022
20,740.12
20,740.12
09-Mar-12
12-Mar-12
12-Mar-12
0024
023
60,424.05
24,611.38
11-Apr-12
20-Apr-12
20-Apr-12
0025
024
31,322.39
21,322.39
30-Apr-12
08-May-12
08-May-12
0026
025
43,025.09
36,025.09
25-May-12
05-Jun-12
05-Jun-12
Dr. Edi Purwanto
125
WB/Trans
No
WA # by OWT
WA Amount
in USD
WA Paid
Amount in
USD
Date
Received
3.3. Financial Management.

Value Date
Date Closed
0027
026
35,812.67
35,812.67
01-Jun-12
06-Jun-12
06-Jun-12
0028
027
35,184.51
28,184.51
25-Jun-12
27-Jun-12
27-Jun-12
0029
028
55,115.88
39,115.88
12-Jul-12
18-Jul-12
18-Jul-12
0030
029
49,181.70
34,181.70
17-Aug-12
22-Aug-12
22-Aug-12
0031
030
10,000.00
10,000.00
10-Sep-12
13-Sep-12
13-Sep-12
0032
031
44,394.98
44,394.98
21-Sep-12
27-Sep-12
27-Sep-12
0033
032
45,116.02
45,116.02
15-Oct-12
17-Oct-12
17-Oct-12
0034
034
48,228.69
48,228.69
29-Jan-13
31-Jan-13
31-Jan-13
TOTALS
PAID IN
USD
1,332,407.80
The Summary of Fund disbursement anually to Operation Wallacea Trust from November
2007 until 31 October 2012 can be seen as below table:
Date From
Date To
30 November 2007
6 December 2007
69,050.00
01 January 2008
31 December 2008
86,445.75
01 January 2009
31 December 2009
230,000.00
01 January 2010
31 December 2010
250,000.00
01 January 2011
31 December 2011
475,600.00
01 January 2012
30 November 2012
355,504.25
01 October 2012
Total Disbursement of TF090977

from Nov 2007 untill 31 Oct 2012
126
31 October 2012
Planned Cumulative
48,228.69
Actual Cumulative
69,050.00
68,521.56
194,535.80
240,031.28
341,831.27
370,209.21
The Financial Management system of Operational Wallacea Trust in running G-KDP

in Sulawesi TF090977 was well managed. The Separation of duties between Financial
Management staff had been implemented through the following structure of Management
staff:
1.
Finance Manager/Procurement Manager; Main responsibilities are preparing of

daily Expenses Report, recording Outstanding and settlement advance, Project
procurement issues
2.
Accountant/Operation Manager: Main responsibilities are preparing of Interim

Financial Report (IFR) to The World bank quarterly, to ensure funds disbursement
and an adequate of budget, coding system of TF090977 G-KDP in Sulawesi, budget
and realization report to Team Leader, Human Resources Development issues
3.
Petty Cashier 1/Assistant to FM for G-KDP in Southeast Sulawesi Province: Main

responsibilities are to assist Finance Manager, day to day bookeeping, responsible for
petty cash management and payment of office utilities, stationery and consumable
4.
Petty Cashier 2/Assistent to OM for G-KDP in South Sulawesi Province: Main

responsibilities are to assist Finance Manager, day to day bookeeping, responsible for
petty cash management and payment of office utilities, stationery and consumable
Logistic Assistant/IT Database staff: Main responsibilities are to assist Procurement Manager
in collecting accurate quotation and vendor information, update and maintenance of
Program database and regularly maintenance and updating of OWT`s website
During conducting G-KDP in Sulawesi, accounting and reporting system of Operation
Wallacea Trust has been running well in which Interim Financial Report had been reported
regularly in time to The World Bank quarterly.
External Auditor had been contracted for annualy Audit period. Since November 7, 2007
total Annualy Audit serise was 4 times. The Audit Reports were sent to The World Bank
regularly.
The following external auditor for TF090977 G-KDP in Sulawesi:
48,228.69
No.
1,332,407.80
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Name of KAP/External Auditor
Period of Audit
01.
Drs. A. Salam Rauf & Rekan (SAR)

Registered Public Accountants
November 7, 2007 until December, 31 2008
02.

January 1 until December, 31 2009
03.

Dr. Edi Purwanto
127
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
48,228.69
826.37
44,684.42
454,581,767.95
100%
100%
Total Statement of
Expenditure - Current Quarter
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
0.00
7,854,646.85
420,893,481.60
100%
0%
0%
9,505.00
9,419.24
2,717.90
9,505.00
0%
100%
25,833,639.50
0.00
0.00
(USD eqv)
to SA
Rate
paid
%
Incurred (IDR)
Charged
Exchange
Expenditures
Financing
WB
portion
Amount
Average
WB
During October 2012 Operation Wallacea had financing G-KDP in SouthEast Sulawesi
and South Sulawesi as of USD. 48,228.69. This amount received by The World Bank on
29 January 2013 and paid through reimbursement methode by 31 January 2013 in grace
period of TF090977. The summary expenses of reimbursement to Operation Wallacea
Trust can be seen as below:
128
Amount
of
1,466,600.00
296,951.00
1,169,650.00
Management Fee
14 April 2012
(3)
2nd Amandment of additional

funds
03.
1,169,650.00
405,000.00
764,650.00
0.00
1st Amandment of additional

funds
(2)
02.
764,650.00
Consultant
Service, Training/
Workshops,Goods
and Other
Operating Cost
0.00
764,650.00
Original Amount of GA TF 090977
01.
0.00
Current Total in
USD
Dedicated staff
time
Additional
Funds in USD
(1)
Original Funds in
USD
Date of
Amandment
Amandment of GA TF 090977
No.
The Table of Amandment of Grant Agreement TF 090977 as below:
6,432.25
training
22,693.75
29,126.00
(USD eqv)
TF90977 MANAGEMENT FEE
3.
consultant/
105,752.37
covered
1,006,063.63
SOEs
1,111,816.00
Description
TF90977 CS.TRN,WKSHP,OP & GO
Cat No.
2.
22,007.58
supplier/
303,650.42
Payments
325,658.00
for
TF090977 DEDICATED STAFF TIME
1.
No.
134,192.20
Total Paid /
1,332,407.80
Country of
1,466,600.00
Number of
TOTALS
Balance of
Unused Funds GA
TF090977 (USD)
Disbursement Category
Category Description
Disbursement
(USD)
Item
Category
Allocation of
funds
(USD)
Threshold
The Table of allocation funds per category, disbursement and balance of unused funds as per 31 October
2012
3.3.1. Provide a table of allocation funds per category, disbursement and balance of unused
funds (if applicable); and any descriptions on the used of funds especially if there
are any discrepancies.
TF 90977 - KDP and Environment in Sulawesi (OWT)

Summary Statement of Expenditures (Sum-SOE)
for those NOT Subject to Prior Review
for the quarter ending 12/31/2012
currency: US DOLLAR
For details Audit and Management Letter can be found on annex 3.3
January 1 until October, 31 2012

05.

04.
10
Period of Audit
Name of KAP/External Auditor
No.
129
3.3.2. Provide an overall review/summary of the following information:

Quarters #
(a) The interim unaudited financial reports, which were furnished to the World Bank
quarterly throughout the duration period of the Project implementation. The detailed
reports will be attached into the Annex section.
The Table of Summary of Interim Financial Report (IFR) submitted to The World Bank
quarterly can be seen as below:
Quarters #
Period of IFR
4th
November to December
2007
1st
January to March 2008
2nd
April to June 2008
3rd
Amount of Interim Financial Report (IFR) in USD

Cat 1
Cat 2
Cat 3
10,928.54
33,297.12
8,378.82
15,917.08
July to September 2008
13,837.01
35,362.82
4th
October to December
2008
10,707.08
1st
2nd
Period of
Submiting
Total
-
1st
2nd
Cat 2
Cat 3
Total
1,763.85
112,486.56
15 20 Apr
12
April to June 2012
19,451.68
147,017.05
2,669.42
169,138.15
20 -25 Jul 12
3rd
15,870.34
120,341.04
2,843.21
139,054.59
15 20 Oct
12
4th
October to December
2012
5,260.39
86,484.93
1,599.38
93,344.71
15 - 20 Jan 13
(b) The Financial Statements audited, which were furnished to the World Bank annually
throughout the duration period of the Project implementation. The detailed reports will
be attached into the Annex section.
24,295.90
July 08
0.00
49,199.83
October 08
5,524.94
0.00
16,232.02
January 09
20,279.56
34,408.02
2,614.38
57,301.96
April 09
No.
April to June 2009
21,682.63
14,326.57
481.44
36,490.63
July 09
3rd
22,278.79
11,368.86
336.48
33,984.12
October 09
4th
October to December
2009
23,427.14
19,647.97
430.75
43,505.86
January 10
1st
24,278.39
27,813.98
520.92
52,613.29
April 10
2nd
April to June 2010
23,793.52
42,148.23
659.42
66,601.17
July 10
3rd
30,907.52
13,037.57
439.45
44,384.54
October 10
4th
October to December
2010
21,533.98
51,782.55
444.82
73,761.35
January 11
1st
0.00
71,895.42
817.00
72,712.42
April 11
2nd
April to June 2011
0.00
77,196.34
673.41
77,869.75
July 11
3rd
14,049.53
124,702.20
6,668.34
145,420.06
October 11
4th
October to December
2011
10,169.65
80,167.40
1,050.00
91,387.05
January 12
130
Cat 1
Period of
Submiting
102,406.87
April 08
0.00
Amount of Interim Financial Report (IFR) in USD
8,315.84
44,225.66
0.00
Period of IFR
Dr. Edi Purwanto
The Table of Summary of Financial Statements audited were furnished to The World bank annually can
be seen as below:
Period of Financial and

Management Audit
Name of External Auditor
01.
Nov 7, 2007 until

December, 31 2008
See annex 3.3.2
02.
January 1 until
December, 31 2009
See annex 3.3.2
03.
January 1 until
December, 31 2010
See annex 3.3.2
04.
January 1 until
December, 31 2011
See annex 3.3.2
05.
January 1 until
October, 31 2012
See annex 3.3.2
Summary of Financial Statement
(c) Issues and concerns related to FM, and avenue(s) used to manage these issues.
The financial management review was conducted on 28 - 29 March 2011 in the OWT
Bau-Bau office, with the focus being on following up on the previous missions findings
and conducting a transaction review.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
131
Segregation of Duties
Recommendation:
The mission would like to reiterate its recommendation from the previous mission.
The project needs to appoint two staff members with different job descriptions -one responsible for managing cash and bank transactions (finance), and the another
responsible for recording transactions (accounting) in order to fulfill the segregation
of duties requirement. This should be carried out by May 31, 2011.
OWT Management response:
In August 15, 2011 OWT has recruited an accountant to responsible for recording transaction,
prepare Interim Financial Report (IFR), Prepared DA for Withdrawal Application by client
connection, Budget realization report, and HRD issues as her main tasks
Internal Control
Recommendation:

The project should conduct regular and surprise cash counts at both head office and
in the smaller offices, and document the results of such cash counts, starting in
May 2011.

Since September 2011 OWT has established cash count procedure monthly and gradually
to effor it weekly between finance manager and accountant
Assets
Recommendation:

The mission would suggest that management tag all assets with the relevant
reference codes by May 2011 at the latest. Such tagging is essential to allow accurate
identification of assets.
The project needs to improve its filling system. Access to documentation should be
properly arranged by May 31, 2011.
The finance staff need to check the comprehensiveness of financial documents, such
as the numbers and signatures of the recipients and checkers by the end of May
2011.

OWT has improved its filling system to ease authorised and related staff to get related
information. The established filling system consists of Monthly Expenses Reports per project
activity; Financial Report (IFR and Monthly financial report) per project activity; Assests
Update report, Bank documentations, HRD related documents, duty correspondence and
Project Reports
Interim Financial Reports
Recommendation:
The project should prepare quarterly IFRs as of December 2010 and submit them
to the Bank not later than May 31, 2011. Subsequent IFRs should be submitted to
the Bank one month after the end of each calendar quarter, as stipulated in the
Grant Agreements.
OWT has prepared and submitted quarterly IFRs to The World Bank regularly since IFR
period July to Septemebr 2011. OWT`s accountant has submitted to IFR specialist of The
World Bank in advance for first review and correction before submitting to TTL formally
External Audit
Recommendation:
Accounting
Recommendation:
132
Bookkeeping and Filing

Recommendations:

OWT has been more disipline to tag all project assets with relevant assets code to allow
acurate identification of project assests

Finance Manager of OWT has implemented accurate advances recording by developing
advance report monthly for project cash reconcilition. Duration of the outstanding advance
was initially 2 weeks after activity done. However by considering to project allocation
distances to main office then it has extended to 4 weeks settlement.
The mission recommends that the finance staff write the dates of the activities in
the register of advances and amend the prevailing policy to extend the settlement
period to 4 weeks, instead of 2 weeks at present.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Segregation of duties may be brought about through the appointment of 2 staff

members with different responsibilities -- one to serve as finance officer and the
other to serve as accounting officer. This problem should be solved by May 31, 2011,
at the latest.
Dr. Edi Purwanto
133
OWT has recruited an accountant since August 08, 2011 to overcome the segregation
of financial duties. Since at the time, Finance Manager has responsibility to check
every single receipt and compile the data to expenses report form before submitting to
accountant for re-check, coding and compiling to financial report forms. Alson Accountant
has responsibility to update Budget realization and report it to Team Leader monthly.
3.4. Procurement
(a) Summary of the procurement plans; what methods were used. Include the latest
(updated) procurement plan in the Annex section.
Operation Wallacea Trust has conducted asset update and Procurement report regulalry
and reported to The World Bank regularly. Some of high value procurements needed
more advises from Procurement Specialist of The World Bank. Since November 2007 until
october 31 2012 Procurement issues were well managed by Operation Wallacea Trust.
Procurement
Methode
Review
700.00
IC
Post
1,000.00
IC
Post
APC
1,000.00
IC
Post
09.
Buton District
Environmental Training
and Awareness
Coordinator
BDC
500.00
IC
Post
10.
Ass. Environmental
Training and Awareness
Coordinator for Buton
District
AEC
200.00
IC
Post
11.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Mawasangka
FF
200.00
IC
Post
12.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Pasarwajo
FF
200.00
IC
Post
13.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Sampolawa
FF
200.00
IC
Post
14.
Muna District
and Awareness
Coordinator
MDC
500.00
IC
Post
15.
Ass. Environmental
Coordinator for Muna
District
AEC
300.00
IC
Post
16.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Tongkuno
FF
200.00
IC
Post
17.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Napabalano
FF
200.00
IC
Post
18.
Field Facilitator SubDistric. Lawa
FF
200.00
IC
Post
19.
Kolaka District
and Awareness
Coordinator
KDC
500.00
IC
Post
20
Kolaka District
and Awareness
Coordinator (Lambandia
& Ladongi)
KDC
500.00
IC
Post
No.
Activity
Ref
Quantity
06.
Environmental Awareness
Coordinator
EAC
07.
Province Environmental
Coordinator
PEC
08.
Assistant Province
Awareness Coordinator
Estimated Cost
in USD
The Table of Summary of the Procurement Plan TF 090977 since November 2007 until December 31, 2011
No.
Activity
Ref
Quantity
Estimated Cost
in USD
Procurement
Methode
Review
Goods
01.
Printer
PR
300.00
NS
Post
02.
In focus
IF
900.00
NCB
Post
03.
Professional Camera
CAM
1,300.00
NCB
Post
04.
Vehicle
VH
13,000.00
NCB
Post
05.
Lasser Printer
PR
800.00
NCB
Post
06.
Generator
GE
300.00
NS
Post
07.
Laptop/Desktop
LP
1,200.00
NCB
Post
08.
Desk-chair
DS
700.00
NS
Post
09.
Filing cabinet
FC
700.00
NS
Post
10
Cupboard
CP
500.00
NS
Post
Individual Service
01.
Project Manager: Dr. Edi

Purwanto
02.
PM
3,000.00
IC
Post
Assistant Project
Manager
APM
1,000.00
IC
Post
03.
Finance Manager
FM
500.00
IC
Post
04.
Ass. Finance Manager/

Office Administration
AFM
150.00
IC
Post
05.
Office Manager/
Accounting
134
OM
500.00
IC
Post
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
135
No.
Activity
21.
Ass. Environmental
Coordinator for Kolaka
District
22.
Ref
Quantity
Estimated Cost
in USD
Procurement
Methode
Review
No.
Activity
Ref No.
Quantity
Estimated Cost
in USD
Procurement
Method
Review
01.
Operation Manager
OM.2
18,700.00
competitive
post
02.
Finance & Admin

Assistant
FA.2
4,400.00
competitive
post
AAC
300.00
IC
Post
Field Facilitator SubDistric Baula
FF
200.00
IC
Post
03.
South Sulawesi Province

Coordinator
PC.2
11,000.00
competitive
post
23.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Watubangga
FF
200.00
IC
Post
04.
District Coordinator in
South Sulawesi
DC.2
19,800.00
competitive
post
24.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Ladongi
FF
200.00
IC
Post
05.
Sub-district Coordinator
in South Sulawesi
SDC.2
19,800.00
competitive
post
25.
Field Facilitator SubDistric Lambandia
FF
200.00
IC
Post
06.
14,800.00
competitive
post
26.
Training & Awareness

Materials Development &
Data Base Specialist
Technical Support
Consultant
TAS
400.00
IC
Post
27.
Documentary &
Awareness Film
Developer Specialist
DFS
300.00
IC
Post
28.
Communication
Specialist
CS
350.00
IC
Post
29.
Office Boy
OB
50.00
IC
Post
TOR
Post
TS.2
Firm Consultant
01.
External Auditor
9,890.00
Prior
Firm Consultant
01.
External Auditor :Salam

Rauf and Partner
3,800.00
EA
The Table of Summary of the Latest Procurement Plan TF 090977 since January until October 31, 2012
No.
Activity
Ref No.
Quantity
Estimated Cost
in USD
Procurement
Method
Review
01.
Furnitures
FUR.2
4,300.00
Shopping
Post
02.
Computer equipments
(Laptop + Printers)
COM.2
3,000.00
Shopping
Post
03.
Photo Camera
CAM.2
1,000.00
Shopping
Post
04.
Projector
PRJ.2
1,000.00
Shopping
Post
05.
Printing (Poster &

Brochures)
PR.2
3,300.00
Shopping
Post
06.
Printing (Publication
Material)
PR.3
7,000.00
Shopping
Post
07.
Car Vehicle
CV
43,956.00
Shopping
Prior
Individual Consultants
136
Dr. Edi Purwanto
Dr. Edi Purwanto
137

OWT - Completion Report - Green PNPM in Sulawesi - 2013

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Completion Report

KECAMATAN DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM AND

Dr. Edi Purwanto

: Dr. Edi Purwanto

: Director of Operation Wallacea Trust (OWT)

: Taman Cimanggu Jln. Akasia Block P III No. 14, Bogor

: + 62 (0) 81 296 55 233

Objective of the Report........................................................................................ 2

II Chapter 2 : Dynamic Changes of OWT Facilitation Approaches :

Dr. Edi Purwanto

Phase 2 : Period 2009............................................................................................ 10

Dr. Edi Purwanto

2.3.4. Formulation of NRM specialist team...................................................... 10

Phase 3 : Period 2010............................................................................................ 12

Phase 4 : Period 2011............................................................................................ 15

Phase 5 : Period 2012............................................................................................ 16

Remedial actions in South Sulawesi Province........................................................ 18

Result Indicator 1.................................................................................... 21

Performance Indicator 3........................................................................................ 50

Result Indicator 3a.................................................................................. 50

Organized NRM Training for village officials and setrawan........ 50

Result Indicator 3b................................................................................. 50

Performance Indicator 2....................................................................................... 22

Result Indicator 3c.................................................................................. 52

Result Indicator 2a................................................................................. 23

Supported GF recruitment, GF pre-service training design

Stimulated women to involve on green decision making

Result Indicator 2c.................................................................................. 25

Facilitated RPJM-Des formulation............................................ 50

Performance Indicator 4....................................................................................... 52

Result Indicator 4a................................................................................. 52

Facilitated village regulation formulation to sustain

Facilitated sub-projects maintenance....................................... 52

Result Indicator 4b................................................................................. 52

Stimulated involvement of relevant development projects

IV Chapter 4. Lessons Learned............................................................................................. 61

Dr. Edi Purwanto

V Chapter 5. Conclusion and Outlook................................................................................... 69

Roles of CSO on the past Green program................................................ 71

Dr. Edi Purwanto

Changes facilitation approaches for local community........................................... 13

Figure 3.13. Portable solar dryer in Kotilombu Village, Sampolawa.......................................... 39

Figure 1.1. Maps of Sub-districts facilitation in S and SE Sulawesi Provinces.......................... 4

Dr. Edi Purwanto

Dr. Edi Purwanto

Main activities from (November 2007-December 2008)....................................... 9

Appendix 1: Beneficiary Success Stories......................................................................... 75

Appendix 2 : TF-090977: Information, Education Communications (IEC) Materials

Appendix 3a : Community training in SE Sulawesi ............................................................... 99

Dr. Edi Purwanto

Dr. Edi Purwanto

List of Abbreviation and Acronym

Dr. Edi Purwanto

Badan Perencanaan Pembangunan Daerah, Development Planning

Badan Usaha Milik Desa, village owned enterprise

Watershed management Centre, technical implementing unit of the

Distrtict Environmental Agency, Badan Lingkungan Hidup daerah

Bantuan Langsung Masyarakat, PNPM-Green block grant

Badan Perwakilan Desa, Village representative council

Coconut shell charcoal briquette

Community driven development

Civil Service Organization/Non Government Organization

Community Based Organization