Foundation Mathematics

23 June 2015
Marking Scheme
This marking scheme has been prepared as a guide only to markers. This is not a set of
model answers, or the exclusive answers to the questions, and there will frequently be
alternative responses which will provide a valid answer. Markers are advised that, unless a
question specifies that an answer be provided in a particular form, then an answer that is
correct (factually or in practical terms) must be given the available marks.
If there is doubt as to the correctness of an answer, the relevant NCC Education materials
should be the first authority.

Throughout the marking, please credit any valid alternative point.

Where markers award half marks in any part of a question, they should ensure that
the total mark recorded for the question is rounded up to a whole mark.

Answer ALL questions

Marks
Question 1
a)

Simplify:
i)

2 34 3

ii)

1
7

Accept either or

iii) (4 2 3 )2

b) Simplify:
i)

7( + 1) + 2( 3)
= +

ii)

12 2 5
4 4
=

iii) 22

3
2

=

c)

Factorise:
i)

104 + 53
( + )

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

ii)

2 + 10 + 21
( + )( + )

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

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Marks
d) Simplify:
i)

1
2

2
3
4

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

ii)

2
1
+
5 3
+
=

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

e)

Transpose the following formula to make the subject.

3
8 2
+
=

2 =

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

f)

Solve the following equation and find the value of .

7
+ 3 = 2
5
=
1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer
g) Solve the following quadratic equation by factorising.

2 14 + 33 = 0
( )( ) =
So, = or =
1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer
Total 20 Marks
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Marks
Question 2
a)

Solve the following quadratic equation by using the Quadratic Formula:

9 2 + 2 3 = 0
(You may leave your answer in surd form.)

=

Part a): 1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer
b) Solve graphically the simultaneous equations:

= 3 2 and = 10 for 0 5
Use the graph paper provided.
Make a table of values for each equation

0
-2

1
1

2
4

3
7

4
5
10 13

= 10 -

0
10

1
9

2
8

3
7

4
6

5
5

Draw accurate graphs for both equations on one set of axes.

y
14

y = 3x - 2

12
10
8
6
4

y=10 - x

2
0
-2

x
0

-4

The point of intersection is = 3, = 7

So the solution is = 3, = 7
Part b):2 marks for each correct table, 1 mark for each correctly plotted graph, 1
mark for correct value of x and y. If only one of x or y is correct award mark.

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Marks
c)

Calculate the gradient of the following curves at the point where = 1 by using
differentiation.
i)

2
+ 2
2

Differentiating gives:

= +

When =

=
+ ()
()

= +
=
So, when = the gradient is
ii)

= 2 +

Differentiating gives:

1
=2 2

When =

=
=
So, when = the gradient is

Parts c i) and ii): 2 marks for correct differentiation of curve, 1 mark for
correct gradient.

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Marks

d) A particle moves metres in seconds so that = 2 3 + 2 9 1

i)

Find the velocity, , after 2 seconds

=
= +

When =
= () + ()
= +
=
So, after 2 seconds the velocity is 19 m/s
Part d i): 2 marks for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer.
ii)

Find the acceleration, , after seconds.

= = +

Part d) ii): 1 mark for correct workings, 1 mark for correct answer.
If answer incorrect only because of error in part i) award full marks.
Total 20 Marks
Question 3
a)

i)

Using differentiation, find the coordinates of the turning point on the curve:
= 3 4 2
Differentiating gives:

Turning points are located where = =

= when =

When = , =
So, the turning point is at (-2, 7)
Award 2 marks for correctly differentiating the curve. Award 1 mark for
working and 1 mark for correct coordinates.

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ii)

Construct a table of values for the curve = 3 4 2 for -5 1

Marks
5

Use these values to plot a graph of the curve = 3 4 2 and identify the
turning point found in (i) as either a maximum or minimum turning point.
Table of values

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-2

-2

Graph of the curve =

y
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
-6

-5

-4

-3

-2

-1

-1 0

-2
-3

Hence, the turning point at (-2, 7) is a maximum turning point.

Award 2 marks for the table of values. Award 2 marks for correctly
plotting curve and award 1 mark for correct classification of turning
point.
b) Integrate the following expression:
/

2 + 2
)

( + ) = ( +

/
=
+
+

= + +

where is a constant.
Award 1 mark for correct working. Award 1 mark for correct answer.

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c)

The gradient of the curve which passes through the point (1, 2) is given by
3 2 + 2. Find the equation of the curve.

The gradient is given by + , hence = +

Integrate to obtain = ( + )

Marks
3

= + +
= + +
The curve passes through the point (1, 2), so when = , = . Substitute
these values back into the integrated equation to get:
= () + () +
=++
=+
So, =
Therefore the equation of the curve is = +
Award 2 marks for correct working. Award 1 mark for correct answer.
d) Evaluate the definite integral:

(7 2 + 4 3 )
1

( + ) = [
+
]

= [ + ]
= {() + } {() + }
=
Award 2 marks for correct working. Award 1 mark for correct answer.
e)

The part of the curve = 3 between the ordinates = 1 and = 2 is rotated

about the -axis. Calculate the volume of the solid generated. Leave your answer
as a multiple of .

= ()

= [
]

= [ ]
= ( )
=
Award 2 marks for correct working. Award 1 mark for correct answer.
Total 20 Marks
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Marks
Question 4
a)

The acceleration of a moving body at the end of seconds from the

commencement of motion is (8 2) m/s2.
i)

Find the velocity at the end of 4 seconds if the initial velocity is 8 m/s.

The equation for acceleration is =

We can integrate this to obtain an expression for the velocity
= +

Substituting in = ( ) we obtain
= ( ) +
= +
To calculate the velocity we need to determine the constant of
integration. The initial velocity is the velocity at = . So when = ,
= . Substitute these values into the expression for to give:
=+
So, =
The equation for velocity is therefore:
= +
After 4 seconds, i.e. at = , the velocity is:
= () () +
= +
= /
2 marks for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer
ii)

Find the distance travelled by the body at the end of 3 seconds.

Distance is given by the equation =

Integrate the equation for using the limits of 0 and 3. Assume =
when = therefore = .

= ( + )

= [ + ]

= { + ()} {}

= { + } {}
=
2 marks for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

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Marks
b) The 8.15am train to Newtown is either on time or late. It is never early.
The probability that 8.15am train to Newtown will be late on Monday is 0.2. The
probability that the 8.15am train will be late on Tuesday is 0.1.
i)

Draw a probability tree diagram to show all the possible outcomes.

Draw a tree diagram, writing L for late and T for on time.
Monday

Tuesday

Outcome
L

(L, L)

Probability
0.2 0.1 = 0.02

0.1
0.2

L 0.9

0.8

0.1

(L, T)

0.2 0.9 = 0.18

(T, L)

0.8 0.1 = 0.08

(T, T)

0.8 0.9 = 0.72

T
0.9

1 mark for correct workings for each branch, 1 mark for each correct
outcome probability.
ii)

Use your tree diagram to find out the probability that the train is late on
ONE (1) of the two days.
There are two possible outcomes where the train is late on one day.
P(train late on one day) = P(L, T) + P(T, L)
= 0.18 + 0.08
= 0.26

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

iii) Use your tree diagram to find the possibility that the train is on time at least
once.
P(train on time at least once) = 1 P(L,L)
= 1 0.02
= 0.98

1 mark for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer

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c)

Marks
How many ways can we arrange three letters from the word pencil if repetitions
2
are not allowed and different orders of the same letter count as the same
arrangement?
!
!

=
=
=
=
( )! ! ! !
1 mark for clear calculations, 1 mark for correct answer. Candidates may
use different notation.
Total 20 Marks

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Marks
Question 5
a)

A five-sided spinner is thrown 30 times with these results:

1
4
1
4
3
2
i)

2
4
3
1
4
5

1
5
1
2
3
3

4
2
5
2
5
4

2
3
4
5
2
3

Summarise this data as a frequency distribution table.

Scores obtained when throwing a five sided spinner 30 times.
Score
1
2
3
4
5

Frequency
5
7
6
7
5

1 mark for title and column headings, 1 mark for correct frequencies
ii)

The mean of the data is 3. Calculate the mean deviation. You may leave
your answer as a fraction.
=
Since
|
|
|

|
1
5
2
10
2
7
1
7
3
6
0
0
4
7
1
7
5
5
2
10
|= 34
=
|

|
|

2 marks for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer as either a

mixed number or improper fraction or decimal, simplified or not.

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Marks
b) The heights of 60 plants are given in the table below.
Height (cm)
Frequency
i)

0<4
8

4<8
10

8 < 12
12

12 < 16 16 < 20
16
14

Construct a histogram to illustrate this data.

2 marks for histogram with height on horizontal axis and frequency on

vertical axis. 2 marks for accurate plotting of bars.
ii)

Within which class interval will the modal value lie?

Within the 12 < 16 class.

iii) Calculate the mode. You may leave your answer as a fraction.
The formula for the mode we obtain:
( )
= +
( )
( )
= +
(() )

= +

So the mode is
1 mark for correct workings, 1 mark for correct answer.

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iv) Calculate the mean. You may leave your answer as a fraction.
Weight
(kg)
0<4
4<8
8 < 12
12 < 16
16 < 20

Midpoint
2
6
10
14
18

Frequency
()
8
10
12
16
14
=

Marks
4

16
60
120
224
252
=

3 marks for correct working, 1 mark for correct answer.

Be aware that candidates may not simplify the fraction completely but
full credit should be given.
c)

The following data set is recorded.

105
i)

117

113

123

118

Find the lower quartile and the upper quartile.

First put the data into ascending order:
101 105 113 117 118

120

101
3

120

123

The lower quartile is:

( + ) = () =

So, the lower quartile is 105

The upper quartile is:

( + ) = () =

So, the upper quartile is 120

1 mark for putting data into ascending order. 1 mark for correct lower
quartile value, 1 mark for correct upper quartile value.

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ii)

Calculate the quartile range.

The quartile range is given by:

Marks
1

upper quartile lower quartile = 120 105 = 15

Total 20 Marks

End of paper

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Learning Outcomes matrix

Question

Learning Outcomes
assessed

1
2
3
4
5

1, 2
2, 3, 4
4, 5
5, 7
2, 3, 6

Marker can differentiate

between varying levels of
achievement
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes
Yes

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